scholarly journals The role of intestinal microbiote disorders in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and eczema infectious

2018 ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
T. A. Lytynska ◽  
T. Р. Korgova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Microbiological Examination ◽  
Pathogenetic Factor ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the work was to study the quantitative and qualitative composition of microbiota of the colon in patients with psoriasis and eczema infectious and to analyze the impact of its violations on the severity of the clinical course of the diseases. There were examined in a complex way 34 patients with psoriasis and eczema in factious illness. The age of the subjectsrangedfrom 23 to 70 years, amongthem: women – 15 (44,1 %), men – 19 (55,9 %), the period of the disease ranged from 2 to 42 years. The control group consisted of 20 practically healthy persons. In order to diagnose concomitant dysbiotic changes in the large intestine, microbiological examination of feces was performed on the patients (according to the method of Epstein – Litvak and Vilshanskaya). A high incidence of various intestinal pathologies (dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, functional disorders by the hepatobiliary system, gallstone disease etc.) was detected. In the microbiological study of feces, concomitant dysbiosis of the colon was detected in 16 (72,7 %) patients. Disturbance of the microbiota of the colon of varying severity is more often diagnosed in patients with more severe clinical course of psoriasis and eczema of infectious, as well as with a longer duration of the disease. The obtained data suggest that the intestinal microbiota, in particular colon dysbiosis, should be considered an important pathogenetic factor that negatively influences the nature and severity of the psoriasis and infectious eczema and requires timely diagnosis and appropriate medical correction.

scholarly journals The role of intestinal microbiote disorders in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and eczema infectious

2018 ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
T. A. Lytynska ◽  
T. Р. Korgova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Course ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Microbiological Examination ◽  
Pathogenetic Factor ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the work was to study the quantitative and qualitative composition of microbiota of the colon in patients with psoriasis and eczema infectious and to analyze the impact of its violations on the severity of the clinical course of the diseases. There were examined in a complex way 34 patients with psoriasis and eczema in factious illness. The age of the subjectsrangedfrom 23 to 70 years, amongthem: women – 15 (44,1 %), men – 19 (55,9 %), the period of the disease ranged from 2 to 42 years. The control group consisted of 20 practically healthy persons. In order to diagnose concomitant dysbiotic changes in the large intestine, microbiological examination of feces was performed on the patients (according to the method of Epstein – Litvak and Vilshanskaya). A high incidence of various intestinal pathologies (dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, irritable bowel syndrome, functional disorders by the hepatobiliary system, gallstone disease etc.) was detected. In the microbiological study of feces, concomitant dysbiosis of the colon was detected in 16 (72,7 %) patients. Disturbance of the microbiota of the colon of varying severity is more often diagnosed in patients with more severe clinical course of psoriasis and eczema of infectious, as well as with a longer duration of the disease. The obtained data suggest that the intestinal microbiota, in particular colon dysbiosis, should be considered an important pathogenetic factor that negatively influences the nature and severity of the psoriasis and infectious eczema and requires timely diagnosis and appropriate medical correction.

scholarly journals The Impact of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Aetiology and Development of Uveal Melanoma

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1700
Author(s):  
Melissa Chalada ◽  
Charmaine A. Ramlogan-Steel ◽  
Bijay P. Dhungel ◽  
Christopher J. Layton ◽  
Jason C. Steel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Genetic Mutations ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Uveal melanoma (UM) is currently classified by the World Health Organisation as a melanoma caused by risk factors other than cumulative solar damage. However, factors relating to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) susceptibility such as light-coloured skin and eyes, propensity to burn, and proximity to the equator, frequently correlate with higher risk of UM. These risk factors echo those of the far more common cutaneous melanoma (CM), which is widely accepted to be caused by excessive UVR exposure, suggesting a role of UVR in the development and progression of a proportion of UM. Indeed, this could mean that countries, such as Australia, with high UVR exposure and the highest incidences of CM would represent a similarly high incidence of UM if UVR exposure is truly involved. Most cases of UM lack the typical genetic mutations that are related to UVR damage, although recent evidence in a small minority of cases has shown otherwise. This review therefore reassesses statistical, environmental, anatomical, and physiological evidence for and against the role of UVR in the aetiology of UM.

scholarly journals Lower peripheral blood Toll-like receptor 3 expression is associated with an unfavorable outcome in severe COVID-19 patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Saad Menezes ◽  
Alicia Dudy Müller Veiga ◽  
Thais Martins de Lima ◽  
Suely Kunimi Kubo Ariga ◽  
Hermes Vieira Barbeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pyrin Domain ◽  
Peripheral Blood Gene Expression ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe role of innate immunity in COVID-19 is not completely understood. Therefore, this study explored the impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on the expression of Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) in peripheral blood cells and their correlated cytokines. Seventy-nine patients with severe COVID-19 on admission, according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification, were divided into two groups: patients who needed mechanical ventilation and/or deceased (SEVERE, n = 50) and patients who used supplementary oxygen but not mechanical ventilation and survived (MILD, n = 29); a control group (CONTROL, n = 17) was also enrolled. In the peripheral blood, gene expression (mRNA) of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 3, 4, 7, 8, and 9, retinoic-acid inducible gene I (RIGI), NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), interferon alpha (IFN-α), interferon beta (IFN-β), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interferon lambda (IFN-λ), pro-interleukin(IL)-1β (pro-IL-1β), and IL-18 was determined on admission, between 5–9 days, and between 10–15 days. Circulating cytokines in plasma were also measured. When compared to the COVID-19 MILD group, the COVID-19 SEVERE group had lower expression of TLR3 and overexpression of TLR4.

scholarly journals Obstáculos en la comunicación entre el cerebro y el intestino

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-114
Author(s):  
Sanda Pletikosić Tončić ◽  
Mladenka Tkalčić
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
The Impact

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a complex disorder that results from interactions of numerous factors. The biopsychosocial model describes a number of predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors, which contribute to the onset and maintenance of symptoms and consequently to quality of life (QoL) impairment. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of several psychological and biological factors on the physical and mental components of QoL in IBS patients. A total of 46 IBS patients completed a set of questionnaires (Big Five Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Medical Outcome Study Short-Form 36) and kept a diary of their mood, daily stress, and symptoms over a period of two weeks. Patients' heart rate variability, serum cortisol, and fecal calprotectin levels were also measured. The results of regression analyses showed that depression (β = -.30) and negative mood (β = -.28) predicted physical QoL, while depression (β = -.45) and positive mood (β = .33) significantly predicted mental QoL. The model, which included calprotectin, cortisol, anxiety, depression, and positive and negative mood, explained a total of 47% of variance of physical and 57% of variance of mental QoL. Our results confirm the role of negative affect in IBS QoL impairment. They also indicate that biological factors seem important for physical QoL in IBS patients. The role of positive mood as a protective factor for mental QoL might be significant for psychological interventions with IBS patients.

scholarly journals Irritable bowel syndrome: new insights into symptom mechanisms and advances in treatment

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Spiller
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Enteric Nerves ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Fodmap Diet ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Despite being one of the most common conditions leading to gastroenterological referral, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is poorly understood. However, recent years have seen major advances. These include new understanding of the role of both inflammation and altered microbiota as well as the impact of dietary intolerances as illuminated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which has thrown new light on IBS. This article will review new data on how excessive bile acid secretion mediates diarrhea and evidence from post infectious IBS which has shown how gut inflammation can alter gut microbiota and function. Studies of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have also shown that even when inflammation is in remission, the altered enteric nerves and abnormal microbiota can generate IBS-like symptoms. The efficacy of the low FODMAP diet as a treatment for bloating, flatulence, and abdominal discomfort has been demonstrated by randomized controlled trials. MRI studies, which can quantify intestinal volumes, have provided new insights into how FODMAPs cause symptoms. This article will focus on these areas together with recent trials of new agents, which this author believes will alter clinical practice within the foreseeable future.

ANTICIPATORY ABILITY OF COACHES IN THE SYSTEM OF THEIR PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE EVALUATION BY ATHLETES

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Lusine Stepanyan
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Competence Evaluation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Current research in psychology and psychophysiology focuses on the subject of anticipation and forecasting. Anticipatory sustainability is a personal trait that determines the ability to anticipate events and possible ways of personal development, as well as the ability to prevent interpersonal conflicts. The aim of the study was to identify the role of development level of anticipatory competence of coaches in their professional competence evaluation and perception by athletes. Research methods and organization. The research involved two groups of test subjects. The experimental group consisted of sport dance coaches and their students. The control group brought together experts in socionomic area with different work experience. We used testing and questionnaire methods to achieve the goal and objectives of the study. Testing method included the test for diagnosing anticipatory sustainability according to A. Mendelevich and the test of socio-perceptual coaching evaluation by athletes. We used the results of testing and questionnaires to provide a comparative and correlation analysis of data. Research results. The analysis of test results revealed the impact of work experience on the development of both spatial and temporal characteristics of the anticipation of coaches, indicating a possible effect on the intensity and direction of development of those characteristics in specific conditions. We have identified valid connections between the gnostic parameter (professional competence evaluation) of the socio-perceptual coaching evaluation by athletes and spatiotemporal characteristics of coaches' anticipation, defined as professionally important qualities of coaches. Moreover, we have demonstrated a weak direct relationship between the personality-situational component of the anticipatory sustainability of coaches and the emotional parameter of their socio-perceptual evaluation by athletes, indicating a significant role of communicative-anticipation sustainability in the development of an attitude of athletes to the coach. Conclusion. In summary, we can conclude that the anticipatory sustainability of coaches plays a key role in the structure of their competence, and the development of this property is possible under certain conditions.

scholarly journals The Effect of Fixed-Term Employment on Well-Being: Disentangling the Micro-Mechanisms and the Moderating Role of Social Cohesion

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-115
Author(s):  
Sonja Scheuring
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Social Contacts ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Deprivation Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper examines the impact of fixed-term employment on well-being from a cross-national comparative perspective by testing (1) the effect heterogeneity across European countries, (2) to which extent Jahoda’s Latent Deprivation Model provides a sufficient micro-level explanation for the underlying mechanisms and (3) whether the macro-level factor of social cohesion weakens the micro-level impacts. We investigate the effects in both an upwards (permanent employment) and a downwards (unemployment) comparative control group design. Due to the mediating role of social contacts on the micro-level, we assume social cohesion on the country-level to moderate the main effects: A high degree of societal affiliation should substitute the function of social contacts in the work environment of individuals. Using microdata from the European Social Survey (ESS) 2012 for 23 countries and applying multilevel estimation procedures, we find that there is a remarkable variation in the effects across countries. Even though in each country fixed-term employees have a lower subjective well-being compared to permanent ones, the point estimates vary from .17 to 1.19 units. When comparing fixed-term employees to unemployed individuals, the coefficients even range from − .27 to 1.25 units. More specifically, a negative effect indicates that having a fixed-term contract is worse than unemployment in some countries. Moreover, pooled linear regression models reveal that Jahoda’s Latent Deprivation Model explains about three-quarters of the micro-level effect sizes for both directions. Eventually, social cohesion on the country-level diminishes the individual-level well-being differences between fixed-term employees and permanent individuals but not between fixed-term employees and the unemployed.

scholarly journals The Role of Dietary Antioxidants in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Their Impact on Cerebral Oxidoreductive Balance

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Winiarska-Mieczan ◽  
Ewa Baranowska-Wójcik ◽  
Małgorzata Kwiecień ◽  
Eugeniusz R. Grela ◽  
Dominik Szwajgier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Diet Supplements ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain ◽  
All Diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases are progressive diseases of the nervous system that lead to neuron loss or functional disorders. Neurodegenerative diseases require long-term, sometimes life-long pharmacological treatment, which increases the risk of adverse effects and a negative impact of pharmaceuticals on the patients’ general condition. One of the main problems related to the treatment of this type of condition is the limited ability to deliver drugs to the brain due to their poor solubility, low bioavailability, and the effects of the blood-brain barrier. Given the above, one of the main objectives of contemporary scientific research focuses on the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. As disorders related to the competence of the antioxidative system are a marker in all diseases of this type, the primary prophylactics should entail the use of exogenous antioxidants, particularly ones that can be used over extended periods, regardless of the patient’s age, and that are easily available, e.g., as part of a diet or as diet supplements. The paper analyzes the significance of the oxidoreductive balance in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Based on information published globally in the last 10 years, an analysis is also provided with regard to the impact of exogenous antioxidants on brain functions with respect to the prevention of this type of diseases.

Role of bradykinin B1 and B2 receptors in normal blood pressure regulation

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (2) ◽  
pp. E268-E274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvi Duka ◽  
Irena Duka ◽  
Guohong Gao ◽  
Sherene Shenouda ◽  
Irene Gavras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Concurrent Administration ◽  
Vasoactive Factors ◽  
Hoe 140 ◽  
The Impact

With inhibition or absence of the bradykinin B2 receptor (B2R), B1R is upregulated and assumes some of the hemodynamic properties of B2R, indicating that both participate in the maintenance of normal vasoregulation or to development of hypertension. Herein we further evaluate the role of bradykinin in normal blood pressure (BP) regulation and its relationship with other vasoactive factors by selectively blocking its receptors. Six groups of Wistar rats were treated for 3 wk: one control group with vehicle alone, one with concurrent administration of B1R antagonist R-954 (70 μg·kg−1·day−1) and B2R antagonist HOE-140 (500 μg·kg−1·day−1), one with R-954 alone, one with HOE 140 alone, one with concurrent administration of both R-954 and HOE-140 plus the angiotensin antagonist losartan (5 mg·kg−1·day−1), and one with only losartan. BP was measured continuously by radiotelemetry. Only combined administration of B1R and B2R antagonists produced a significant BP increase from a baseline of 107–119 mmHg at end point, which could be partly prevented by losartan and was not associated with change in catecholamines, suggesting no involvement of the sympathoadrenal system. The impact of blockade of bradykinin on other vasoregulating systems was assessed by evaluating gene expression of different vasoactive factors. There was upregulation of the eNOS, AT1 receptor, PGE2 receptor, and tissue kallikrein genes in cardiac and renal tissues, more pronounced when both bradykinin receptors were blocked; significant downregulation of AT2 receptor gene in renal tissues only; and no consistent changes in B1R and B2R genes in either tissue. The results indicate that both B1R and B2R contribute to the maintenance of normal BP, but one can compensate for inhibition of the other, and the chronic inhibition of both leads to significant upregulation in the genes of related vasoactive systems.

The Impact of Different Teaching Strategies on Teaching Spelling to Kindergarten Children

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
Ali Hashemi ◽  
Omid Ghalkhani
Keyword(s):  
Language Teaching ◽  
Kindergarten Students ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Language Curriculum ◽  
The Public ◽  
Correct Spelling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Arts Community

Many specialists in the field of foreign language teaching consider spelling as an important and perhaps necessary part in language teaching, and observe that spelling is a significant concern among both the language arts community and the public. The teaching of spelling is an issue that provokes strong feelings and attitudes in teachers, students, and parents as well, and those involved have strong opinions about the importance of correct spelling at school. A close look at the role of spelling in the general language curriculum, makes it known that learning to write and read in the whole language can benefit greatly from teaching spelling. Searching the Net under the keywords ‘spelling’ and ‘teaching spelling’ reveals many studies on spelling and the interest of the readers. In this study, we made use of two techniques to teach spelling, which included “the Personalized Instruction Technique”, or simply the PI technique, and “the Detection Technique” or the D technique. Meanwhile, a control group was included to make up for and take into account any possible background differences.82 kindergarten children, studying at three kindergartens in Tarom, Zanjan, took part in the study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: one control group and two experimental groups. The PI group consisted of 28 kindergarten students both boys and girls, and the Group comprised 27kindergarten students, both boys and girls. The control group, too, contained 27 kindergarten students, both boys and girls. The findings indicated that both the experimental groups that used the spelling techniques performed significantly better than the control group. Meanwhile, the PI group exceeded the DT group.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document