PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN MINYAK VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) BAGI MASYARAKAT TERDAMPAK BENCANA GEMPA DI DESA DANGIANG KABUPATEN LOMBOK UTARA

ABSTRAKMinyak kelapa murni, atau lebih dikenal dengan Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), adalah modifikasi proses pembuatan minyak kelapa sehingga dihasilkan produk dengan kadar air dan kadar asam lemak bebas yang rendah, berwarna bening, berbau harum, serta mempunyai daya simpan yang cukup lama yaitu lebih dari 12 bulan. Virgin coconut oil mengandung asam laurat CH3(CH2)10COOH 50% dan asam kaprilat CH3(CH2)6COOH 7%. Kedua asam ini merupakan asam lemak jenuh rantai sedang yang mudah dimetabolisir dan bersifat anti mikroba. Di dalam tubuh, asam laurat menjadi monolaurin, sedangkan asam kaprilat menjadi monokaprin (Sutarmi, 2006). Monolaurin adalah monogliserida antiviral, antibakteri dan antiprotozoal yang digunakan oleh sistem kekebalan manusia dan hewan untuk menghancurkan virus-virus pelindung lemak, seperti HIV, herves, influenza berbagai bakteri patogen. Asam kaprat yang juga berfungsi sebagai zat kekebalan tubuh ketika diubah menjadi monokaprin di dalam tubuh manusia atau hewan. Monokaprin memiliki efek antiviral terhadap HIV dan herpen simplex serta bakteri yang tertular melalui hubungan seks (Novarianto, 2007). Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa minyak ini memiliki banyak manfaat sehingga tim PKM memandang perlu mengadakan pelatihan pembuatan minyak VCO yang diadakan di desa Danging Kabupaten Lombok Utara yang memiliki sumber daya alam yang besar yang merupakan desa terdampak bencana gempa tahun 2018 lalu. Metode observasi partisipatoris atau observasi partisipan dan praktik langsung telah dipergunakan dalam PKM ini dengan melibatkan pula Komunitas Relawan Mataram yang juga tergabung dalam Muhammadiyah Disaster Management Centre (MDMC) Nusa Tenggara Barat. Hasil capaian dan kesimpulan dalam kegiatan ini adalah a. dimilikinya pengetahuan dan pemahaman yang merupakan upaya pemberdayaan bagi para perempuan di desa ini agar memiliki ketrampilan dalam pengolahan kelapa khususnya pembuatan minyak VCO, dan b. memberikan ketrampilan yang lebih akan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam agar menjadi tambahan penghasilan atau mampu meningkatkan pendapatan (income) yang cukup potensial sebagai langkah awal membangun masyarakat yang berdayaguna. Kata kunci: kelapa; minyak VCO ABSTRACTPure coconut oil, otherwise known as Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO), is a modification of the making process which produces products with low moisture and fatty acid content that is clear, clear in color, smells good, and has a long shelf life of more than 12 months. Virgin coconut oil contains CH3(CH2)10COOH 50% lauric acid and CH3(CH2)6COOH 7% kaprilic acid. Both of these acids are medium-chain saturated fatty acids that are easily metabolized and anti-microbial. In the body, lauric acid becomes monolaurin, while kaprilic acid becomes monokaprin (Sutarmi, 2006). Monolaurin is an antiviral, antibacterial and antiprotozoal monoglyceride used by the human and animal immune systems to destroy fat-protective viruses, such as HIV, herves, influenza and various pathogenic bacteria. Kaprat acid also serves as an immune substance when converted into monokaprin in the human or animal body. Monokaprin has antiviral effects on HIV and herpen simplex as well as bacteria infected through sex (Novarianto, 2007). Based on this, it can be said that this oil has many benefits, so that the PKM team considers it necessary to hold vco oil manufacturing training which held in Danging village of North Lombok Regency which has a large natural resource that is a village affected earthquake by the 2018. Participatory observation methods or observations of participants and direct practice have been used in this PKM by involving mataram volunteer community which is also incorporated in Muhammadiyah Disaster Management Centre (MDMC) West Nusa Tenggara. The results of the achievements and conclusions in this activity are a. knowledge and understanding which is an empowerment effort for women in this village to have skills in coconut processing, especially making vco oil, and b. provide more skills for utilization of natural resources in order to be additional or able to increase income that is potential enough as the first step in building a empowered society. Keywords: coconut; VCO oil.

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The Effect of Giving Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) to Changes in Lauric Acid Levels in Breast Milk

JOURNAL OBGIN EMAS ◽

10.25077/aoj.5.2.233-243.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 233-243

Author(s):

Ismul Sadly Putra ◽

Joserizal Serudji

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Lauric Acid ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

The Body ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil ◽

Nutritional Components ◽

Anti Fungal

Breastmilk (ASI) is the best food produced by the breast glands, containing all the nutritional elements needed by infants aged 0-6 months. Apart from nutrients, breast milk also has other non-nutritional components that act as immune factors for babies. Babies who are not exclusively breastfed will be more susceptible to chronic diseases, such as heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes as adults and can suffer from malnutrition and obesity. Dietary intake significantly affects milk production. The mother's diet can affect the composition of her milk through several metabolic pathways, especially the concentration of fatty acids and vitamins that are soluble in fat and water, including vitamins A, C, B6, and B12. Lauric acid contained in breast milk can help your minor fight infection and increase immunity to protect from various diseases. Not only for the baby, but virgin coconut oil is also starting to be commonly used by dieters. Virgin coconut oil contains lauric acid CH3 (CH2) 10COOH 50% and caprylic acid CH3 (CH2) 6COOH 7%. Both of these acids are medium-chain saturated fatty acids that are quickly metabolized and have anti-microbial properties. The benefits of virgin coconut oil (VCO) are that it is beneficial for the health of the body, including being antibacterial, antiviral, anti-fungal, and natural anti-protozoa; helps relieve symptoms and reduces health risks associated with diabetes, helps protect against osteoporosis, helps prevent high blood pressure, helps prevent liver disease, keeps the heart and blood vessels healthy, helps prevent cancer, helps you lose weight, maintain stamina, maintain healthy skin and hair.Keywords: Breastmilk, Lauric Acid, VCO

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Analysis of Fatty Acids in Virgin Coconut Oil Frying at Various Temperatures

JST (Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi) ◽

10.23887/jst-undiksha.v10i1.34452 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Dewa Ayu Ika Pramitha ◽

I Wayan Karta

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Content ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Medium Chain Triglyceride ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil ◽

Medium Chain ◽

Cooking Oil

Fatty acid content from virgin coconut oil (VCO) is a medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) group. MCT is stable at very low and high temperatures, and the color does not turn black due to the addition of heat so that it can be developed into beneficial cooking oil for health. Therefore, a study was conducted on the content of fatty acids in VCO after being heated at temperatures of 150, 200, and 250°C for 60 minutes. Analysis of fatty acid content in control VCO(T0), VCO with heating temperatures of 150oC(T1), 200oC(T2), and 250oC(T3) was performed with GCMS QP-2010 Ultra.The results showed that there were differences in levels and types of fatty acids in VCO by treating T0, T1, T2, and T3. At these three temperatures still produce medium-chain saturated fatty acids and trans fatty acids are not produced, so that VCO can be utilized as cooking oil that has better stability and benefits for health.

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A Comparative Study of Virgin Coconut Oil, Coconut Oil and Palm Oil in Terms of Their Active Ingredients

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8040402 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 402

Author(s):

Suryani Suryani ◽

Sariani Sariani ◽

Femi Earnestly ◽

Marganof Marganof ◽

Rahmawati Rahmawati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Stearic Acid ◽

Palmitic Acid ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Lauric Acid ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil

This research aims to study the unique factors of virgin coconut oil (VCO) compared with coconut oil (i.e., coconut oil processed through heating the coconut milk and palm oil sold on the market). Its novelty is that it (VCO) contains lactic acid bacteria and bacteriocin. Lauric acid content was analyzed by the Chromatographic Gas method. Isolation of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was conducted by the dilution method using MRSA + 0.5% CaCO3 media. Iodium number, peroxide, and %FFA were analyzed using a general method, and isolation bacteriocin by the deposition method using ammonium sulfate. In addition, macromolecular identification was conducted by 16S rRNA. VCO was distinguished by a higher content of lauric acid (C12:0) 41%–54.5% as compared with 0% coconut and 0, 1% palm oil, respectively. The VCO also contains LAB, namely Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei, and can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Proteus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhosa and bacteriocin. Comparison with VCO is based on having a high content of lauric acid, 54%, and LAB content. The difference between VCO and coconut oil and palm oil is fatty acids. In VCO there are lauric acid and stearic acid, namely lauric acid VCO (A) 54.06%, VCO (B) 53.9% and VCO (C) 53.7%. The content of stearic acid VCO (A) is 12.03%, VCO (B) 12.01% and VCO (C) 11.9%. Coconut oil contains a little lauric acid, which is 2.81%, stearic acid 2.65% and palmitic acid 2.31%. Palm oil can be said to have very little lauric acid, namely in palm oil 1, 0.45%, and even in palm oil 2, 0%; in turn, palmitic acid palm oil 1 has 2.88% and palm oil 2 palmitic acid has 24.42%.

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PEMBUATAN VIRGIN COCONUT OIL DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ENZIM PAPAIN DARI EKSRAK DAUN PEPAYA (Carica papaya)

Jurnal Kimia ◽

10.24843/jchem.2020.v14.i02.p14 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 192

Author(s):

I W. Suirta ◽

I. A. R. Astitiasih

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Diethyl Ether ◽

Lauric Acid ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Capric Acid ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Negative Control ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil

Virgin coconut oil has been made by using papaya leaf extract as a source of the papain enzyme. Papaya leaf extraction with maceration used ethanol 95% as solvent. The crude ethanol extract was purified by means of gradient column chromatography using hexane, diethyl ether and ethanol as solvents. The results showed that using papaya leaf extract could significantly increase the quantity of VCO. Coconut milk cream without treatment (negative control) obtained 3.0042 ± 0.046g of VCO, while treatment with papaya leaf extract gained 6,039 ± 0.049 - 7,952 ± 0.031g of VCO, an increase of about 97.5% - 161%. Based on the medium chain saturated fatty acids (MCFA) and long chain saturated fatty acids (LCFA) in VCO, it indicated that the quality of VCO obtained was not good. VCO in diethyl ether fraction and crude extract etanol produced yellow VCO, indicating chlorophyll was still there. Etanol fraction of VCO provided the best quality with the most of lauric acid content and clear color. The VCO components identified using GCMS analysis obtained several fatty acids such as capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and stearic epoxy. Keywords: virgin coconut oil, papain enzyme, papaya leaf extract Telah dilakukan pembuatan virgin coconut oil dengan ekstrak daun pepaya sebagai sumber enzim papain. Proses ekstraksi daun pepaya dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 95%. Ekstrak kasar etanol hasil maserasi dimurnikan dengan cara kromatografi kolom elusi gradient menggunakan pelarut heksana, dietil eter, dan etanol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun pepaya secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan kuantitas VCO. Krim santan tanpa perlakuan (kontrol negatip) didapatkan berat VCO 3.0042±0,046g, sedangkan dengan ekstrak daun pepaya diperoleh berat VCO 6.039±0,049g – 7.952±0,031g, terjadi kenaikan sekitar 97,5% - 161%. Berdasarkan kandungan asam lemak rantai medium dan asam lemak rantai panjang pada VCO, menunjukkan bahwa kualitas VCO yang diperoleh masih kurang baik. Krim santan dengan daun pepaya fraksi dietil eter dan ekstrak kasar etanol menghasilkan VCO berwarna kuning yang mengindikasikan masih terdapat klorofil. VCO fraksi etanol yang memberikan kualitas paling baik dengan kandungan asam laurat paling banyak dan berwarna bening. Komponen VCO yang teridentifikasi dari analisis GCMS diperoleh beberapa asam lemak seperti: asam kaprat, asam laurat, asam miristat, asam palmitat, asam oleat, asam stearat, dan epoksi stearat. Kata kunci: virgin coconut oil, enzim papain, ekstrak daun pepaya

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PEMBUATAN SABUN CAIR BERBASIS VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MINYAK LAVENDER SEBAGAI ESSENTIAL OIL PENCEGAHAN PENYEBARAN COVID-19”

Jurnal Abdimas Saintika ◽

10.30633/jas.v3i1.1013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Niken ., ◽

Annita ., ◽

Rahmi Novita Yusuf

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Lauric Acid ◽

Ph Value ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

The Body ◽

Raw Material ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil ◽

Liquid Soap ◽

Lavender Oil

ABSTRAK Pandemi virus corona (Covid 19) saat ini telah melanda berbagai negara di belahan dunia.Upaya yang bisa dilakukan adalah melakukan berbagai upaya pencegahan, salah satunya adalah mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun atau yang sering kita dengar dengan istilah CTPS (Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun). Program ini meliputi materi penyuluhan tentang pencegahan penularan covid-19, dengan menjaga kebersihan tangan bisa memutus rantai penyebaran covid-19 karena tangan bagian tubuh yang sangat rentan dan dapat dengan mudah menjadi tempat bersarangnya virus dan bakteri. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) merupakan minyak dengan kandungan asam laurat yang tinggi. Asam laurat ini berfungsi untuk menghaluskan dan melembabkan kulit. Sehingga VCO cocok dijadikan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan sabun. Sabun yang dibuat dalam penelitian ini menggunakan penambahan minyak lavender sebagai esensial oil yang mampu meningkatkan kualitas pada sabun cair. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membuat sabun cair, mencari penambahan konsentrasi minyak lavender yang tepat dalam pembuatan sabun cair dan mengetahui pengaruh penambahan minyak lavender terhadap karakteristik sabun cair. Perlakuan pada kegiatan ini konsentrasi minyak lavender adalah dengan penambahan sebesar A = 0% (b/v), B = 1% (b/v), C = 1,5% (b/v), dan D = 2% (b/v) dari 300 gram basis sabun. Parameter pengamatan meliputi sifat kimia, sifat fisik sabun dan uji organoleptik. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa semua formula sabun cair memenuhi persyaratan berdasarkan SNI sabun padat 06-4085-1996. Formula sabun cair dengan perlakuan D merupakan produk terbaik dengan hasil uji organoleptik kesukaan secara umum adalah 50%. Hasil analisis sabun transparan pada perlakuan D adalah kadar alkali bebas bebas 0,0079%, nilai pH 8,93, bobot jenis 1,0509 dan angka lempeng total 0. Sehingga teknologi proses pembuatan sabun cair dengan penambahan minyak lavender selanjutnya dapat dikembangkan dan diaplikasikan pada skala industri. Kata kunci : sabun cair, Covid-19, virgin coconut oil (VCO), produksi. ABSTRACT The corona virus pandemic (Covid 19) has currently hit various countries around the world. Efforts that can be done are to make various prevention efforts, one of which is washing hands using soap or what we often hear as CTPS (Washing Hands with Soap). This program includes counseling material on the prevention of covid-19 transmission, by maintaining hand hygiene, it can break the chain of the spread of covid-19 because the hands are very vulnerable parts of the body and can easily become a breeding ground for viruses and bacteria. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is an oil with a high content of lauric acid. Lauric acid functions to smooth and moisturize the skin. So that VCO is suitable as a raw material for making soap. The soap made in this study uses the addition of lavender oil as an essential oil which can improve the quality of liquid soap. This activity aims to make liquid soap, look for the addition of the right concentration of lavender oil in making liquid soap and determine the effect of adding lavender oil on the characteristics of liquid soap. The treatment in this activity is the concentration of lavender oil with the addition of A = 0% (w / v), B = 1% (w / v), C = 1.5% (w / v), and D = 2% (b / v) of 300 grams of soap base. Observation parameters include chemical properties, soap physical properties and organoleptic tests. The results of the analysis show that all liquid soap formulas meet the requirements based on SNI for solid soap 06-4085-1996. Liquid soap formula with treatment D is the best product with the result of the favorite organoleptic test in general is 50%. The results of the analysis of transparent soap in treatment D were free alkaline content of 0.0079%, pH value of 8.93, specific gravity of 1.0509 and a total plate number of 0. So that the technology for making liquid soap with the addition of lavender oil can then be developed and applied to industrial scale. Keywords: liquid soap, Covid-19, virgin coconut oil (VCO), production.

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DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF AVITAMINOSIS F

Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s ◽

10.15673/gpmf.v20i2.1764 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 38-40

Author(s):

A. Levitsky ◽

A. Lapinska ◽

I. Selivanskaya

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Experimental Model ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

The Body ◽

Regulatory Function ◽

Omega 3 ◽

White Rats ◽

Arachidonic Acids

The article analyzes the role of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially omega-3 series in humans and animals. The biosynthesis of essential PUFA in humans and animals is very limited, so they must be consumed with food (feed). Тhe ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA is very important. Biomembranes of animal cells contain about 30% PUFA with a ratio of ω-6/ ω-3 1-2. As this ratio increases, the physicochemical properties of biomembranes and the functional activity of their receptors change. The regulatory function of essential PUFA is that in the body under the action of oxygenase enzymes (cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase) are formed extremely active hormone-like substances (eicosanoids and docosanoids), which affect a number of physiological processes: inflammation, immunity, metabolism. Moreover, ω-6 PUFA form eicosanoids, which have pro-inflammatory, immunosuppressive properties, and ω-3 PUFAs form eicosanoids and docosanoids, which have anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory properties. Deficiency of essential PUFA, and especially ω-3 PUFA, leads to impaired development of the body and its state of health, which are manifestations of avitaminosis F. Prevention and treatment of avitaminosis F is carried out with drugs that contain PUFA. To create new, more effective vitamin F preparations, it is necessary to reproduce the model of vitamin F deficiency. An experimental model of vitamin F deficiency in white rats kept on a fat –free diet with the addition of coconut oil, which is almost completely free of unsaturated fatty acids, and saturated fatty acids make up almost 99 % of all fatty acids was developed. The total content of ω-6 PUFA (sum of linoleic and arachidonic acids), the content of ω-3 PUFA (α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) in neutral lipids (triglycerides and cholesterol esters) defined. Тhe content of ω-6 PUFA under the influence of coconut oil decreased by 3.3 times, and the content of ω-3 PUFA - by 7.5 times. Тhe influence of coconut oil, the content of ω-6 PUFA decreased by 2.1 times, and the content of ω-3 PUFA - by 2.8 times. The most strongly reduces the content of ω-3 PUFA, namely eicosapentaenoic, coconut oil, starting from 5 %. Consumption of FFD with a content of 15 % coconut oil reduces the content of eicosapentaenoic acid to zero, ie we have an absolute deficiency of one of the most important essential PUFAs, which determined the presence of vitamin F deficiency.

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Antibacterial Effect of Carvacrol and Coconut Oil on Selected Pathogenic Bacteria

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica ◽

10.2478/sab-2018-0008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 46-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Božik ◽

P. Hovorková ◽

P. Klouček

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Lauric Acid ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antibacterial Effect ◽

Cocos Nucifera ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

High Concentration ◽

Enterococcus Cecorum ◽

Antibacterial Potential

AbstractEssential oils play a prominent role as flavouring agents and fragrances in the food and perfume industries. Carvacrol is a major component of various essential oils, such as oregano and thyme oils, and is responsible for their antimicrobial activity. Lauric acid is a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) with a high antibacterial potential. Both carvacrol and MCFAs have been used empirically as antimicrobial agents. Here, we tested the inhibitory properties of carvacrol and coconut (Cocos nuciferaL.) oil containing a high percentage of MCFAs against 5 harmful bacterial pathogens:Escherichia coli, SalmonellaEnteritidis,Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, andEnterococcus cecorum. Gas chromatography (GC-FID) analysis of coconut oil showed a high concentration of lauric acid (41%). Microdilution antimicrobial assays showed that the combination of carvacrol and coconut oil had a stronger antibacterial effect against all tested bacteria than both agents separately. We conclude that carvacrol could significantly improve the antibacterial effect of coconut oil.

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Optimization of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Production with Diffuser Type Aeration Method

European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research ◽

10.24018/ejers.2021.6.4.2471 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 139-143

Author(s):

Nyoman Sri Widari ◽

Rahaju Saraswati ◽

Bambang Sutejo

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Acid Content ◽

Air Flow ◽

Fatty Acid Content ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Efficient Production ◽

Air Flow Rate ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is pure coconut oil with low free fatty acid content and high lauric acid content. VCO has been produced in many home industries where the yield obtained is still very small. So, the researchers tried to find a more efficient production process so that they could obtain high process yields. Researchers made VCO using the aeration method with a diffuser type aerator. The experimental variables were air flow rate (L / min): 0.6; 1.8; 4.0; 4,5 and the duration of the aeration process (hours): 2; 3; 4; 5, by using coconut milk from 1 kg of grated coconut in 1 liter of water, the maximum yield is 33.5% at an air flow rate of 4.0 L / min with an aeration time of 4 hours. The quality of VCO obtained were: water content of 0.02%; iodine number 5,54%; peroxidation number 1.36 g.iod / 100 g; 0.19% free fatty acids; saturated fatty acid content of 93.71% and unsaturated fatty acid 6.24% and the color is very clear. The quality test results obtained are in accordance with the quality standards required by SNI 7381-2008.

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The Production of Biofuels from Coconut Oil Using Microwave

Modern Applied Science ◽

10.5539/mas.v9n7p93 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A Suryanto ◽

Suprapto Suprapto ◽

Mahfud Mahfud

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Lauric Acid ◽

Myristic Acid ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Electrical Power ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Raw Material ◽

Medium Chain ◽

Acid Reaction

Biofuels including biodiesel, an alternative fuel, is renewable, environmentally friendly, non-toxic and lowemission energy. The raw material used in this work was coconut oil, which contained saturated fatty acids about90% with medium chain (C8-C12), especially lauric acid and myristic acid. Reaction was conducted in batchreactor assisted by microwave. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of power and NaOH catalystin transesterification enhanced by microwave and to obtain a biofuels (biodiesel and biokerosene) derived fromcoconut oil. The reaction was performed by mixing oil and methanol with mole ratio of 1:6, catalystconcentration of 1% w/w with setting electrical power at 100, 264, 400, 600 and 800 W. The reaction time wasconditioned at of 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 15 min. The results showed that microwave could accelerate thetransesterification process to produce biodiesel using NaOH catalyst. The highest yield of biodiesel was 97.76 %,or 99.05 % conversion at 5 min reaction, meanwhile biokerosene was 48% after distillation.

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Should virgin coconut oil be used in the adjunctive treatment of COVID-19?

Acta Medica Philippina ◽

10.47895/amp.v54i0.1606 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

Author(s):

Carol Stephanie C. Tan-Lim ◽

Corinna Victoria Martinez

Keyword(s):

Lauric Acid ◽

Animal Studies ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

The Philippines ◽

Adjunctive Treatment ◽

Virgin Coconut Oil ◽

Ssrna Virus ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Pharmacologically Active

KEY FINDINGS There is currently no evidence to support the use of virgin coconut oil in the adjunctive treatment of COVID-19. • Virgin coconut oil is naturally extracted from fresh coconut kernel and is rich in medium chain triglycerides, with lauric acid as the predominant fatty acid.• Virgin coconut oil is currently explored as an adjunctive treatment for patients with COVID-19 due to its antiviral and immunomodulatory properties.• In vitro studies show that lauric acid or its derivative exert inhibitory activities against viruses with similar structure to coronavirus (enveloped ssRNA virus) such as Junin virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and Semliki Forest virus.• Animal studies demonstrate antiviral activity of monolaurin, the pharmacologically active metabolite of lauric acid, on avian influenza virus and Simean immunodeficiency virus, which are both enveloped ssRNA viruses.• Clinical trials among patients with HIV report that virgin coconut oil can increase CD4+ T lymphocyte counts and reduce viral load.• In vitro and animal studies demonstrate anti-inflammatory properties of virgin coconut oil.• At present, there are no studies that investigate the effectiveness of virgin coconut oil in the adjunctive treatment of COVID-19 infection.• There is currently one ongoing clinical trial in the Philippines evaluating the use of virgin coconut oil in the adjunctive treatment of COVID-19.• Nausea, vomiting, mild diarrhea, and abdominal pain have been reported, but no serious adverse events have been identified with the use of virgin coconut oil.• To date, there are no guidelines that mention virgin coconut oil as an option for the adjunctive treatment of COVID-19.

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