scholarly journals Relationships between the main indicators of technological qualities of grain brewing barley and food oats at fractionalization

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
A. V. Pasynkov ◽  
A. A. Zavalin ◽  
E. N. Pasynkova ◽  
N. A. Skorobogatykh ◽  
N. V. Kotel`nikov
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Linear Character ◽  
North East ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The range of variability (min maх) and variability of the main indicators of the technological qualities of grain different fractions of brewing barley varieties Bios 1 (selected in the Podmoskovie Science and Production Association) and hulled oats Argamak (selected in the N.V. Rudnitsky North-East agricultural research institute) and their (quality indicators) dependencies between themselves and the yield value is established. To the maximum extent (at largest coefficient of variation - V, %), the fractionation of brewing barley grain and hulled oats varies the 1000-grain weight and the protein content, the minimum is the test weight of both grain crops, extractivity of barley and hull of oats. A wide variation of the mass of 1000-grain weight and the protein content of the grain during fractionation makes it possible to significantly regulate them in the desired direction compared to such indicators as test weight, extractivity and hull of oats. The relationships between the main indicators of the technological qualities of brewing barley grain and hulled oats when fractionated on standard sieves with oblong holes are presented and discussed. A significant negative relationship was found between the extractivity and the protein content in the grain of different fractions of brewing barley. However, both of the studied cultures did not reveal any statistically significant dependencies of the test weight of the grain on the protein content in the grain of different fractions. The dependencies of the content of extractivity in the barley grain, the protein content in the grain and test weight of both the studied cultures and of 1000-grain weight have a complex non-linear character. It is shown that in most cases the dependencies between the main indicators of the technological qualities of barley and oats grains are most accurately (at largest R2) described by second-order equations with clearly defined extremum points that are within the experimental data obtained. Regardless of the folding hydrothermal conditions of the growing season, between the protein content in the grain of different fractions of brewing barley and hulled oats and their (fractions) yield, no statistically significant dependencies were found.

scholarly journals Reduced fertiliser use and changes in cereal grain weight, test weight and protein content in Finland in 1990-2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. SALO ◽  
J. ESKELINEN ◽  
L. JAUHIAINEN
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
P Application ◽  
Fertiliser Use ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Since 1995 the Finnish Agri-Environmental Program has set limits for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertiliser application rates in agriculture. The decrease in N and P fertiliser recommendations, and especially the decrase in N and P amounts applied in practice, has raised the question of whether N and P application rates are too low to produce high quality yields. The test weight, 1000 grain weight and protein concentrations measured in 1990–2005 by the Cereal Inspection Unit of the Finnish Food Safety Authority were analysed against soil type, location and NP fertiliser data. The purpose of this study was to document and statistically analyse changes in fertiliser use, important quality factors and the connection between fertiliser use and grain quality of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), oats (Avena sativa L.), winter rye (Secale cereale L.) as well as spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Applications of N and P fertiliser, test weight and 1000 grain weight have decreased in Finland since 1990-1994. Protein content began to decrease in 1995–1999, but then increased in 2000–2005. The statistical analysis showed that reduced N application rates are associated with lower test weight, 1000 grain weight and grain protein concentration. In addition, low P application rates were associated with reduced 1000 grain weight and protein concentration in some instances, although protein concentration also increased in winter wheat grain. The magnitude of grain quality reduction was not solely explicable through N and P application rates. During the observation period many other factors changed in Finnish cereal production and, for example, the decrease in cereal prices, increase of reduced tillage and low investments in drainage and liming could have been associated with decreased grain quality.;

scholarly journals Yield and yield attributes of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor subspecies Saccharatum (L.) Moench. varieties as influenced by weed control treatments and plant population in the semi arid region of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
H.J. Jantar ◽  
D.I. Adekpe ◽  
S.M. Bature ◽  
Y Hussaini
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Semi Arid

Field trial was conducted during the 2012 and 2013 wet seasons at Institute for Agricultural Research,Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Farms at Kadawa and Minjibir, (110 39’N, 080 20’E) and Kano (120 08’ N, 080 40’ E)500m above sea level in the Semi arid ecological zone of Nigeria, to study the influence of weed control treatment and plant population on yield and yield attributes of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.)Moench. sub-species. saccharatum) varieties. The treatments consisted of four levels of weed control treatment (one rate each of atrazine and primextra gold at 2.1 kg a.i/ha, hoe-weeded control at 3 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS) and weedy check), three plant densities (53,333, 106,667, and 160,000 plants/ha), and two varieties(NTJ2 and Ex-Daura). The treatments were laid out in a split plot design with three replications. The combination of weed control treatment and the plant population were assigned to main plot while the two varieties to sub-plot. The study revealed that primextra gold at 2.1 kg a.i/haand two hoe-weeding at 3 and 6 WAS resulted in significantly longer panicle length, higher 1000-grain weight, stalk, grain, and brix yields in both seasons and locations.T he performance of this herbicide was comparable to hoeweeding in keeping the trial fields weed free and lower competition for nutrients at both location seasons. Weedy check reduced all yields and yield attributes. The 160,000 plants/ha significantly suppressed weed infestation and resulted in longer panicles, higher 1000-grain weight, stalk, grains and brix yields at the two the locations and seasons. NTJ2 performed better in term yield and yield attributes, with higher stalk yield at Kadawa and grain yield at Minjibir. Based on the result obtained from this , it can be concluded that the use of NTJ2 variety, with application of primextra gold at 2.1 kg a.i/ha, and 160,000 plant population and NTJ2 variety had resulted gave season long weed control, the highest stalk and grain yields at Kadawa and Minjibir.Keywords: Grainand stalk yields, plant population, sweet sorghum and weed control

scholarly journals Correlation and path analysis of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. Var. Durum)

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Khan ◽  
MA Alam ◽  
MK Alam ◽  
MJ Alam ◽  
ZI Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

A study was conducted to examine relationship between important traits of durum wheat and their direct and indirect effects on grain yield. Research work was conducted during the winter season of 2009-10 under irrigated optimum seeding condition at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna with 10 advanced genotypes. A wheat variety was used as check. Positive and significant correlation was found for plant height, spikes/m2, and 1000-grain weight with grain yield. Head days and maturity days showed considerable negative correlation with grain yield. Maturity days, spikes/m2, and 1000-grain weight had significant positive direct effects on grain yield. Grains/spike had direct positive effect but in low magnitude. The indirect effect of head days and plant height on grain yield was found mainly through maturity days and 1000-grain weight. It can be concluded that more emphasis should be given on head days and plant height along with 1000-grain weight, spikes/m2, and grains/spike during selection for dururn wheat improvement. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i3.16978 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(3): 515-521, September 2013

scholarly journals Variability of economically valuable traits of spring wheat and their contribution to productivity stabilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Ivanova ◽  
L. V. Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

The article discusses the results of a four-year study (2016-2019) of breeding lines of spring soft wheat of the selection of Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V. Rudnitsky in the soil and climatic conditions of the central and southern parts of the Volga-Vyatka region. The promising lines C-65, C-103, H-154 were selected as they exceeded the regionalized standard variety Simbirtsit in average yields (3.41...3.56 t/ha; the increase is 0.04...0.19 t/ha), and in terms of potential yield (5.61…6.93 t / ha; the increase is 0.48...1.80 t/ha). According to the long-term average indicators of the crop structure, the selection lines П-57, P-63, С-65 and С-103 were attributed to the sources of valuable properties. Genotypes P-63, H-154 showed higher values and stability of gluten formation in grain relative to the variety Simbirtsit (22.8-24.1%; the increase to the standard is 3.1 - 4.4%). Using the variation coefficient, the degree of variability of economically useful traits (productive bushiness, plant height, ear length, number of grains per ear, grain weight per ear, 1000 grain mass, yield, gluten content in grain) was determined in different ecological environments. It has been established that the variability values of individual characteristics of productivity in one variety are not always consistent with each other and have genotypic conditionality. Yield stability can be closely related to the level of variation of individual elements of its structure. Genotypes that were more stable in yield indicated high variability of productive bushiness and low variability of plant height, grain weight per spike, and mass of 1000 grains. It has been shown that from practical point of view the most valuable genotypes were the ones with steadily high values of the spike length and the number of spike grains, as having a high adaptive response to cultivation conditions.Conflict of interest: the authors stated that there was no conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Adaptive potential of the hulled oats gene pool according to 1000-grain weight

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
M. V. Tulyakova ◽  
G. A. Batalova ◽  
S. V. Permyakova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Adaptability Parameters ◽  
High Level ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

There have been presented the study results of 11 collection hulled oats samples in comparison with the standard variety ‘Krechet’ conducted at the Falenskaya selection station of the FARC the North-East (the Kirov region) in 2018–2020. The purpose of the current study was to identify sources stable on the trait ‘1000-grain weight’ for the breeding of hulled oats by estimating the adaptability parameters. The soil of the experimental plot was sod-podzolic, medium loamy, the meteorological conditions were contrasting in temperature and precipitation. In the favorable year of 2019, the 1000-grain weight was the highest (34.6–45.9 g), the index of environmental conditions was positive (Ij = 1.6). In the unfavorable year of 2020, the 1000-grain weight was 31.3–41.8 g and the index of environmental conditions was negative (Ij = -1.5). There have been identified the adaptable sources (IEP = 1.08–1.00) ‘15330 KSI 590/05’ (Russia), ‘15388 Saltaret’ (Moldova), ‘15423 Prelekst’, ‘15426 Werva’ (Germany); the stable sources according to the relative stability of the trait (St2 = 0.99–0.91) ‘15280 55 h 2106’, ‘15331 CSI 2167/03’ (Russia), ‘15297 Geszti’ (Hungary), ‘15388 Saltaret’ (Moldova), ‘15428 Bohum’ (Poland), ‘15420 Leniak’ (Germany); the sources with a high level of intensity (I = 24.5 and 19.30%) – ‘15329 CSI 639/05’, ‘15330 CSI 590/05’ and homeostaticity (Hom = 25.28–11.96) ‘15280 55 h 2106’ (Russia), ‘15297 Geszti’ (Hungary), ‘15388 Saltaret’ (Moldova); the sources responsive to favorable growing conditions (Kp = 1.11–1.28) ‘15329 KSI 639/05’, ‘15330 KSI 590/05’, ‘15331 KSI 2167/03’ (Russia), ‘15414 Enostar’ (Germany); the most adaptive sources in terms of the sum of ranks ‘15330 CSI 590/05’ and ‘15329 CSI 639/05’ (Russia), ‘15388 Saltaret’ (Moldova), ‘15426 Werva, ‘15414 Enostar’ (Germany). There have been identified significant direct correlations between indicators of stability and homeostaticity (r = 0.96), intensity and coefficient of responsiveness (r = 0.73).

The effect of winter and spring sowing on the grain composition of oat varieties

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Composition ◽  
Maturation Period ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Kernel Content ◽  
Spring Sowing ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

SUMMARYSix spring varieties of oats were sown in a glasshouse in winter and in spring. The grain was analysed for oil, protein and kernel content and 1000-grain weight, and the maturation period was measured.Oil content varied from 2·4 to 7·9% and protein content from 7·9 to 16·3%. Varietal differences in oil content between varieties were recognized and these were maintained at both sowing dates.Winter sowing, in comparison with spring sowing, resulted in an increase in oil and kernel content and 1000-grain weight, and a decrease in protein content. The increased oil content was partly due to increased kernel content, while the decrease in protein content was partly due to changes in 1000-grain weight.The maturation period was not affected by sowing date, but was positively correlated with oil content. Oil and protein content were not negatively correlated, and there were indications that it may be possible to select varieties which will produce grain high in both oil and protein.

Effect of scald (Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) J. Davis) infection on some quality characteristics of barley

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 783 ◽  
Author(s):  
TN Khan ◽  
GB Crosbie
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Rhynchosporium Secalis ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Percentage Protein

The effect of scald (Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) J. Davis) infection on 1000-grain weight, percentage of plump grains, test weight, grain brightness and protein content of barley cultivars was examined in 6 field experiments. Thousand-grain weight was most adversely affected by scald, showing reductions ranging from 4 to 19% due to scald infection. Percentage of the plump grains was reduced by 3 to 30% depending upon the variety. Percentage protein was also reduced in 2 instances but test weight was not affected. In 2 experiments, grain brightness was greater in the nil fungicide plots than plots treated with fungicide. Reductions in quality characteristics were generally associated with grain yield losses. Implications in relation to quality receival standards are discussed.

scholarly journals Genotypic And Phenotypic Correlation And Path Analysis In Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum)

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Khan ◽  
MA Alam ◽  
MK Alam ◽  
MJ Alam ◽  
ZI Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

An experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi during the 2009-10 cropping season with the objective of estimating the associations between yield and yield-related traits and to identify direct and indirect effects of characters on grain yield in durum wheat. The result showed significant variation among the genotypes for all the characters studied. Significant positive correlation was found for plant height, number of spikes/m2 and 1000-grain weight with grain yield. Heading days and maturity days showed negative correlation with grain yield. Maturity days, number of spikes/m2 and 1000-grain weight had significant positive direct effects on grain yield. Number of grains/spike had also direct positive effect, but in low magnitude. The indirect effect of heading days and plant height on grain yield was found mainly through maturity days and 1000-grain weight. It can be concluded that emphasis should be given on heading days and plant height along with 1000-grain weight, number of spikes/m2 and number of grains/spike for selection of durum wheat genotypes. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 38(2): 219-225, June 2013 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v38i2.15885

Genetic analysis of the protein and lysine content of spring triticale

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Mather ◽  
V. W. Poysa
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Protein content and lysine content of protein were evaluated in the grain of 147 spring triticale lines (× Triticosecale Wittmack) derived from 15 crosses, and grown at two locations. Percent protein was negatively correlated with 1000-grain weight, grain plumpness, and yield per plant. Protein per grain was positively correlated with these traits. Lysine content of protein was negatively correlated with percent protein, protein per grain, 1000-grain weight, grain plumpness, and yield per plant. Covariate adjustment for correlated traits greatly reduced genotypic variation in the lysine content of protein. Reciprocal (cytoplasmic) differences were detected for protein per grain in some crosses. Gene effects analysis detected mainly additive gene action. Some dominance was detected for higher protein per grain. Nonallelic interaction was detected for percent protein and protein per grain in one cross each. Additive genetic variation appeared to be sufficient for improvement of grain protein content, but insufficient for improvement of lysine content by conventional breeding efforts.

scholarly journals GRAIN QUALITY OF MUTANT LINES INDUCED IN MALTING BARLEY VARIETIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
B. Dyulgerova ◽  
N. Dyulgerov
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Forty-three mutant lines selected on the base of their high grain yield along with parent varieties Kuber, Zagorets, Asparuh, and Imeon were grown in field trials at the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat in three consecutive years. Eight physical and chemical characteristics of grain related to the grain quality of malting barley were measured. There was considerable variation among barley mutant lines for all studied traits. Mutant lines with higher extract content, grain uniformity, 1000 grain weight, and lower protein content in grain compared to parent varieties were found. The correlations among traits showed that improvement of extract content of mutant lines was associated with increased grain uniformity, starch content, grain size, and 1000 grain weight and reduced protein content. The results from cluster analysis indicated that mutants originated from the same parent were grouped into different clusters. Therefore, the sodium azide treatment effectively induced diverse types of changes in the grain characteristics.

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