scholarly journals Association between HbA1c and dyslipidemia among sample of Iraqi Patients with Type2 DM

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali M. Hami
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Single Dose Study

Background: Diabetic Mellitus is considered as a public health concern. More than 8 percent of the United States has diabetes. Diabetes is a serious risk factor for Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and an important cause of mortality. ASCVD is the commonest cause of death in the Western world. Diabetes was defined as a high risk condition for ASCVD. In adults with diabetes with ASCVD or multiple ASCVD risk factors it is important to prescribe high intensity statin to reduce LDL at least to 50%. Objective: To investigate association between dyslipidemia and HbA1c and to detect benefit of using some statins in decreases the risk of CVD. Material and method: A prospective randomized single dose study was carried out at a private clinic in Wasit governorate-Iraq; included patients with type 2 diabetes. Clinical biochemical lab assessment and re assessment was carried out before and after 3 months of receiving Rosuvastatin 20 mg/ day. A questionnaire paper was used, including sociodemographic and clinical features (age, gender, measuring weight, height, and waist circumference; biochemical markers [total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, TG and HbA1c]). Results: A total of 256 type 2 DM patients were included; receiving 20 mg of rosuvastatin as a single dose for 3 consecutive months. 83 (32.4%) of them were males and 173 (67.6%) were females. Mean age of male (52.0710.486) and that of female (53.1110.410). the mean difference of (BMI, WC, HbA1c, LDL, TG, and cholesterol) among all studied sample after treatment was significantly lower than mean difference that measured before treatment, except that for HDL; where it was significantly higher after treatment, P <0.001. Mean differences of HbA1c and total cholesterol were reduced significantly after treatment among males, females, age <45 yrs., and age 45 yrs., P<0.01; without significant differences in between groups, P>0.05. Conclusions: HbA1c value associated with level of lipid profile in diabetic patients. All age groups and both gender have had benefit of rosuvastatin treatment in reduction of lipid cholesterol as well as HbA1c. Rosuvastatin can be used by type 2 diabetics’ regardless age and gender. HbA1c can be used as a predictor of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes.

CORRELATION BETWEEN SERUM MAGNESIUM AND LIPID PROFILE IN DIABETIC PATIENTS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH COMPLICATIONS.

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar Singh ◽  
Dhaval Kumar Bhadja ◽  
Mohit Bhatnagar ◽  
Mandeep Joshi ◽  
Shreya Verma
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
Inpatient Department

Background and aim: The present study was conducted to evaluate serum Magnesium and lipid prole in diabetic patients and to nd out any correlation between serum magnesium and lipid prole in diabetic patients and its association with complications. Material and Methods: In the present study, 70 diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged >30 years attending Diabetic Outpatient and Inpatient Department at Vivekananda Polyclinic giving their consent for inclusion were considered to be included in the study as Cases. Results:In present the study, mean S. magnesium levels of patients with diabetic complications were found to be signicantly lower (1.09±0.22 mg/dl) as compared to that of patients in whom no diabetic complications were seen (2.19±0.71) and this difference was signicant statistically.Conclusions: In the diabetic population correlations of serum magnesium and Total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL were Mild while HDL was of moderate level. Among controls correlations of Serum Magnesium with Total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, and HDL were found to be weak and not found to be statistically signicant.

scholarly journals Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor (SGLT2i) as a Primary Preventative Agent in the Healthy Individual: A Need of a Future Randomised Clinical Trial?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Xu ◽  
Owain Chandler ◽  
Cleo Wee ◽  
Chau Ho ◽  
Jacquita S. Affandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a relatively novel class of drug for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that inhibits glucose reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule to promote glycosuria and reduce blood glucose levels. SGLT2i has been clinically indicated for treating T2DM, with numerous recent publications focussing on both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular and renal events in Type 2 diabetic patients. The most recent clinical trials showed that SGLT2i have moderately significant beneficial effects on atherosclerotic major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with histories of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this review and analysis, SGLT2i have however demonstrated clinically significant benefits in reducing hospitalisation for heart failure and worsening of chronic kidney disease (CKD) irrespective of pre-existing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or previous heart failure history. A meta-analysis suggests that all SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrated the therapeutic benefit on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, as shown in EMPAREG OUTCOME study with a significant decrease in myocardial infarction, without increased stroke risk. All the above clinical trial recruited type 2 diabetic patients. This article aims to postulate and review the possible primary prevention role of SGLT2i in healthy individuals by reviewing the current literature and provide a prospective overview. The emphasis will include primary prevention of Type 2 Diabetes, Heart Failure, CKD, Hypertension, Obesity and Dyslipidaemia in healthy individuals, whom are defined as healthy, low or intermediate risks patients.

scholarly journals Gender based variation of lipid abnormalities in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3068
Author(s):  
Arpita Jaidev ◽  
Hitesh Shah ◽  
Liggy Andrews ◽  
Bhavisha N. Vagheda
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Dyslipidemia has a varying pattern among the male and female patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods: This study was conducted in the out-patient department (OPD) of department of medicine at GMERS, Patan, Gujarat from July 2020 to December 2020 for a period of six months. Fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c (FBS, HbA1c) lipid profile triacylglycerol-triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDLC) were measured. Statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS software program.Results: A total number of 200 type 2 DM patients (100 males and 100 females) attending to GMERS OPD were recruited in this study. Blood sugar was higher than normal in both male and female (FBS=142.44±36.21, 146.40±41.49 respectively). TG level was also higher in two groups of study subjects with female level slightly more than male (164.99±67.1and 138.21±70 respectively) with no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05).Total cholesterol and LDL-C level was within normal physiological level in both groups, where-as these levels were higher in female in comparison to male (TC=198.07±40.82 and 169.5±36.13 respectively, LDLC=118±34 and 99±27, respectively), showing significant difference between the groups (p=0.014). HDL-C was not below normal in both male (41±5.4) and female (43.99±4.31); however, HDL-C was slightly higher in female than male and the difference was significant (p=0.0129).Conclusions: Dyslipidemia was noticed in a greater proportion of female diabetic patients than male diabetic patients.

scholarly journals TCF7L2 Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, A Pilot Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1043-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Mandour ◽  
Rania Darwish ◽  
Randa Fayez ◽  
Mervat Naguib ◽  
Sarah El-Sayegh
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glycemic Indices

Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) variants are known risk factors of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).However, this association is not consistent among different populations. The current study aimed at investigating the relationship between rs 7903146, rs 12255372 variants of TCF7L2 and susceptibility to T2DM and different metabolic parameters in a cohort of Egyptian type 2 diabetic patients. This case control study included 60 diabetic patients and 60 matched unrelated healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by using Real Time-PCR. The frequency of genotypes, alleles, anthropometric measures, glycemic indices, HOMA-IR and lipid profile were evaluated in patients and control. Regarding rs 7903146, TT genotype was more frequent in healthy controls (43.3%) than diabetic patients (20%) (OR = 0.291, 95% CI = 0.108-0.788, P = 0.015). T allele was more frequent in healthy control (61.7%) than diabetic patients (44.2%) and it was associated with lower risk of diabetes (OR = 0.492, 95% CI = 0.294-0.823, P = 0.007).However, there was no significant difference between patients with CC, CT and TT genotypes of rs7903146 regarding HbA1C (p=0.549), HOMA-IR (p=0.359), total cholesterol (p=0.482). In contrast, T allele of rs12255372 had no significant relation to diabetes risk (OR = 0.602, 95% CI = 0.361-1.005, P = 0.052). There was no statistically significant difference of frequency of any rs12255372 genotypes between cases and controls In addition, patients with GG,GT, TT genotypes of rs12255372 had no significant difference regarding HbA1C (p=0.393), HOMA-IR (p=0.985), total cholesterol (p=0.368). The study confirmed the association of TCF7L2 (rs 7903146) and T2DM, while failed to detect any association between TCF7L2 (rs 12255372) and susceptibility to T2DM. No significant difference in respect to metabolic parameters between different genotypes of rs7930146 and rs12255372.

scholarly journals A randomized, double-blind clinical trial of a herbal formulation (GlycaCare-II) for the management of type 2 diabetes in comparison with metformin

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammed Majeed ◽  
Anju Majeed ◽  
Kalyanam Nagabhusahnam ◽  
Lakshmi Mundkur ◽  
Shaji Paulose
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Herbal Formulation

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health concern with growing prevalence with multiple debilitating complications. GlycaCare-II is a proprietary herbal formulation supplement for T2DM containing extracts of Cinnamomum cassia, Momordica charantia, Pterocarpus marsupium, Gymnema sylvestre, Salacia reticulata, Eugenia jambolana, and a bioavailability enhancer piperine from Piper nigrum. Objective The antihyperglycemic potential of GlycaCare-II was compared against metformin in a double-blind study. Design It was a randomized, two-arm design on prediabetic (N = 29; 12 in metformin and 17 in GlycaCare-II arm, respectively) and newly diagnosed diabetic (N = 40; 16 in metformin and 24 in GlycaCare-II) patients for 120 days. Outcome measures Changes in diabetic panel glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), and postprandial blood sugar (PBS) were the primary endpoints. Lipid profile, liver profile, thyroid-stimulating hormone, bilirubin and creatinine were the secondary endpoints. Result Twice a day treatment for 120 days with GlycaCare-II led to a statistically significant change in HbA1c (p < 0.001), FBS (p < 0.001), PBS (p < 0.001) on both prediabetic and newly diagnosed diabetic patients. GlycaCare-II showed a similar potential as metformin in the treatment of T2DM. In the prediabetic group, both GlycaCare-II and metformin were comparable for all the hyperglycemic index parameters. In the case of newly diagnosed diabetic patients, GlycaCare-II showed a significantly better reduction for PBS (p = 0.026) as compared to metformin, while all other parameters in the diabetic panel were comparable. No adverse events were reported throughout the trial period. Conclusion These results suggest that GlycaCare-II is effective in managing T2DM in both newly diagnosed diabetic and prediabetic patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in Elderly Patients Aged 45-80 Years at Kanungu District

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debrah Asiimwe ◽  
Godfrey O. Mauti ◽  
Ritah Kiconco
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background. Type 2 diabetes is a worldwide disaster including in Uganda, specifically in Kanungu District which had a rise in diabetic patients in 2018/2019 as compared to the 2017/2018 financial year. This research was determined to access the prevalence and risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes on elderly patients aged 45-80 years attending Kanungu Health Centre IV, Kanungu District. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients aged 45-80 years attending Kanungu Health Centre IV from June to August 2019. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was determined by the blood sugar of patients. Questionnaires were used to collect data for factors associated with type 2 diabetes. Data were statistically analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25 (SPSS Inc., USA) at P<0.05. Results. The overall prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 18.7% among the tested patients. 22.8% of diabetic patients were females as 7.8% were males. The age group most affected by diabetes was 61-65 years. Alcoholism, smoking, body mass index (BMI), and family history were found to be significantly associated with type 2 diabetes at P value < 0.05. Conclusion. There was a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes observed in this study compared to studies done in previous years which raise a public health concern. This study also found that females and patients aged 61-65 years were most affected by diabetes. Lastly, the presence of family history for diabetes, overweight, and being obese increases the chances of acquiring type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Suppressing or blocking Fis1 reverses diabetic endothelial dysfunction in human resistance arteries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamatha Kakarla ◽  
John M. Egner ◽  
Jingli Wang ◽  
Megan C. Harwig ◽  
Kelsey A. Meacham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Resistance Arteries ◽  
Low Glucose

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction drives the development of vascular endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with increased fragmentation of mitochondrial networks from increased Fis1 expression; whether suppressing or blocking Fis1 expression or activity can reverse endothelial dysfunction remains unknown. To address this question, resistance arterioles from healthy humans and those with T2DM were transfected with Fis1 siRNA and exposed to normal glucose, low glucose or high glucose conditions. Fis1 knockdown improved endothelium dependent vasodilation in T2DM arterioles, and blocked high- and low-glucose impairment in healthy vessels. Fis1 knockdown preserved NO bioavailability and improved endothelial layer integrity of cells exposed to high or low glucose. Fis1 knockdown had no significant effect on the expression of other mitochondrial dynamics or autophagy proteins, and had no effect on endothelial cell metabolism suggesting its suitability for pharmacological inhibition. For this, we designed pep213 to inhibit Fis1 activity (Kd ~3-7 μM) and demonstrate its specificity by NMR. Application of a cell permeant pep213 improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation in T2DM and non-T2DM vessels exposed to high glucose in an NO-dependent manner suggesting that targeting Fis1 may reduce vascular complications in T2DM.One Sentence SummaryMicro- and macro-vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continue to be major health burdens in the United States and we identify a new therapeutic route to treatment by showing that either a novel peptide inhibitor, or genetic silencing, of mitochondrial fission protein 1 reverses poor vasodilation of human resistance arteries from diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and pattern of dyslipidemia in newly detected type 2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with anthropometric parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2362
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Sukumar ◽  
Arunachalam Ramachandran ◽  
Sudeep K.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Who Criteria

Background: Globally 425 million people have diabetes mellitus (DM) of which 90% are type 2 DM. India carries nearly 70 million cases of DM. India is called the diabetes capital of the world. The escalating epidemic of type 2 diabetes has been attributed to increasing obesity and longevity. Due to the additive cardiovascular risk of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, lipid abnormalities should be aggressively detected and treated as a part of comprehensive diabetic care. The study aimed at detecting the occurrence and pattern of dyslipidemia in newly-detected type 2 diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital in South India.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of eighteen months. It comprised of 50 newly detected diabetics above the age of 18 years who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Fifty patients were included in the study which included 18 males and 32 females. The body mass index (BMI) was abnormal in 62% (as per the Asian criteria) and in 42% (as per the WHO criteria). The waist circumference (WC) was found to be high in 82% and 70% as per the Asian and the WHO criteria, respectively. Forty six percent of the population was found to have elevated total cholesterol levels. LDL was increased in 70% of the study population while triglycerides were elevated in 40%, total cholesterol in 46% and low HDL in 76% of the patients.Conclusions: A significant correlation was found between the fasting blood sugars (FBSs) and serum triglycerides. There was a positive correlation noted between the dyslipidemia and the anthropometric parameters recorded.

Biomedicalization and the Practice of Culture

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Armstrong-Hough
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cultural Narratives ◽  
Public Health Concern

Over the last twenty years, type 2 diabetes skyrocketed to the forefront of global public health concern. In this book, Mari Armstrong-Hough examines the rise in and response to the disease in two societies: the United States and Japan. Both societies have faced rising rates of diabetes, but their social and biomedical responses to its ascendance have diverged. To explain the emergence of these distinctive strategies, Armstrong-Hough argues that physicians act not only on increasingly globalized professional standards but also on local knowledge, explanatory models, and cultural toolkits. As a result, strategies for clinical management diverge sharply from one country to another. Armstrong-Hough demonstrates how distinctive practices endure in the midst of intensifying biomedicalization, both on the part of patients and on the part of physicians, and how these differences grow from broader cultural narratives about diabetes in each setting.

scholarly journals GIP as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease–A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusaku Mori ◽  
Takanori Matsui ◽  
Tsutomu Hirano ◽  
Sho-ichi Yamagishi
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Receptor Agonists

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are gut hormones that are secreted from enteroendocrine L cells and K cells in response to digested nutrients, respectively. They are also referred to incretin for their ability to stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in a glucose-dependent manner. Furthermore, GLP-1 exerts anorexic effects via its actions in the central nervous system. Since native incretin is rapidly inactivated by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), DPP-resistant GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), and DPP-4 inhibitors are currently used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes as incretin-based therapy. These new-class agents have superiority to classical oral hypoglycemic agents such as sulfonylureas because of their low risks for hypoglycemia and body weight gain. In addition, a number of preclinical studies have shown the cardioprotective properties of incretin-based therapy, whose findings are further supported by several randomized clinical trials. Indeed, GLP-1RA has been significantly shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, the role of GIP in cardiovascular disease remains to be elucidated. Recently, pharmacological doses of GIP receptor agonists (GIPRAs) have been found to exert anti-obesity effects in animal models. These observations suggest that combination therapy of GLP-1R and GIPR may induce superior metabolic and anti-diabetic effects compared with each agonist individually. Clinical trials with GLP-1R/GIPR dual agonists are ongoing in diabetic patients. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the cardiovascular effects of GIP and GIPRAs in cell culture systems, animal models, and humans.

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