Association between nutritional intake and aggressive behaviors in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Roya Kelishadi ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽  
Ramin Heshmat ◽  
Gelayol Ardalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
World Health ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Physical Fighting ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the association of nutritional intake and aggression among a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents. METHODS: This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted on a multi-stage sample of 14880 students, aged 6–18 years, living in 30 provinces in Iran. Parents were asked to report the dietary intake of their children as frequency of food groups and/or items. The validated questionnaire of the World Health Organization-Global School-based Health Survey (WHO-GSHS) was used to measure components related to aggression including physical fight, verbal aggression, and being bullied by other students. RESULTS: Participants consisted of 13486 students (90.6% participation rate) with mean age of 12.47 years (95% CI: 12.40, 12.54); 49.2% were girls, and 75.6% lived in urban areas. Physical fighting was more prevalent among urban boys[(48.63%), CI (46.75, 50.5)] while bulling was the most common aggressive behavior among boys [(29.7%), CI (28.03, 31.42)] and girls [(25.26%), CI (23.66, 26.93)] living in urban areas. Daily consumption of fast foods, sweets, soda, salty snacks and fried foods was higher among those participants who reported frequent experience of physical aggression and bullying. Bullying to others increased significantly with consumption of fast food (Odds ratio: 1.43, CI: 1.07, 1.92) and red meat (Odds ratio: 1.14, CI: 1.02, 1.28). Salty snack consumption showed a significant association with physical fighting (Odds ratio: 1.29, CI: 1.15, 1.44). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that some unhealthy foods might affect the mental health of children and adolescents. Improving dietary habits should be considered for prevention of violence in the vulnerable pediatric age group.

Association between screen time and snack consumption in children and adolescents: The CASPIAN-IV study

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Kelishadi ◽  
Nafiseh Mozafarian ◽  
Mostafa Qorbani ◽  
Mohammad Reza Maracy ◽  
Mohammad Esmaeil Motlagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
World Health ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Snack Consumption ◽  
Watching Tv

AbstractBackground:The relationship between screen time (ST) and the frequency of snack consumption in a national sample of Iranian children and adolescents was assessed. The present nationwide survey was conducted on 14,880 school students living in urban and rural areas of 30 provinces in Iran. Trained healthcare providers conducted the physical examination and completed the questionnaire of the World Health Organization – Global School-Based Student Health Survey (WHO-GSHS).Methods:The association between ST (total time spent watching TV and using a computer in leisure time) and the frequency of snack consumption was determined using ordinal logistic regression analysis. The subjects were 13,486 students out of the 14,880 invited including 50.8% boys. The mean (SD) age of participants was 12.47 (3.36) years.Results:In multivariate models, for students who had prolonged ST (more than 4 h/day), the odds of daily consumption of sweets (odds ratio, OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.14–1.4), salty snacks (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.5–1.76), soft drinks (OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.4–1.7), canned fruit juice (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.2–1.4), and fast food (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.4–1.7) were higher compared to those with low ST. Furthermore, the odds of daily consumption of milk in students who had prolonged ST (more than 4 h/day) were lower compared to those with low ST (OR 0.9; 95% CI 0.8–0.99).Conclusions:Prolonged time spent watching TV and using a computer during leisure time might be associated with unhealthy dietary habits. Moreover, inactivity induced by prolonged ST may also lead to unhealthy dietary habits and in turn excess weight in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Frequency of consumption of fruits, vegetables and soft drinks: a comparative study among adolescents in urban and rural areas

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iza Cristina de Vasconcelos Martins Xavier ◽  
Carla Menêses Hardman ◽  
Maria Laura Siqueira de Souza Andrade ◽  
Mauro Virgilio Gomes de Barros
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Fruit Juices ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Objective: To compare the frequency of consumption of fruits, vegetables and soft drinks among adolescents living in urban and rural areas of Pernambuco State. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on secondary analysis of data from a representative sample of high school students in Pernambuco (n = 4,207, 14 - 19 years) was conducted. Data were collected through a previously validated questionnaire. Adolescents who reported a daily consumption of soft drinks and occasional consumption of fruits, juices and vegetables were classified as exposed to inadequate standard of consumption of these foods. The independent variable was the place of residence (urban/rural). Data were analyzed by frequency distribution, χ2 test and binary logistic regression. Results: It was observed that students residing in rural areas had a higher prevalence of occasional consumption of natural fruit juices (37.6%; 95%CI 36.1 - 39.0) than those living in urban areas (32.1%; 95%CI 30.7 - 33.6). The proportion of students exposed to daily consumption of soft drinks was higher among those who reported they lived in urban areas (65.0%; 95%CI 63.5 - 66.4) compared to those who reported living in rural areas (55.3%; 95%CI 53.8 - 56.9). Conclusion: Adolescent students living in rural areas had a higher prevalence of low consumption of natural fruit juices while those residing in urban areas had a higher prevalence of daily consumption of soda drinks.

High need for recovery from work and sleep problems are associated with workers’ unhealthy dietary habits

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Katri Hemiö ◽  
Jaana Lindström ◽  
Markku Peltonen ◽  
Mikko Härmä ◽  
Katriina Viitasalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Need For Recovery ◽  
Eating Frequency ◽  
Poor Recovery ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Recovery From Work

Abstract Objective: We aimed to examine the association of recovery from work and sleep with workers’ dietary habits. Design: Cross-sectional study. Need for recovery (NFR) from work was assessed with a validated questionnaire. Sleep was assessed with five questions from the Nordic Sleep Questionnaire and sleep quality question. Dietary habits were estimated using a validated sixteen food groups-containing questionnaire. Ordered logistic regression was used to explore the associations of NFR and sleep with dietary habits adjusted for age, education, marital status, work schedule, working full or part time and occupation. Setting: Follow-up visits of type 2 diabetes prevention study cohort in a Finnish airline company Participants: The study included 737 men and 605 women. Results: Poor recovery from work was associated with a higher eating frequency (OR = 1·03, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·06), higher intake of fast food (OR = 1·05, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·08) and sweets (OR = 1·05, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·08) as well as lower intake of vegetables (OR = 0·96, 95 % CI 0·93, 0·98) and fruits (OR = 0·96, 95 % CI 0·93, 0·98) among men. In women, poor recovery from work was associated with higher fast food (OR = 1·06, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·09) and desserts consumption (OR = 1·04, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·07). Among men and women, sleep problems were associated with higher eating frequency (men: OR = 1·04, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·07, women: OR = 1·06, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·11), consumption of fast food (men: OR = 1·07, 95 % CI 1·04, 1·11, women: OR = 1·06, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·10) and sweets (men: OR = 1·05, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·08, women: OR = 1·04, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·08). Conclusions: Poor recovery from work and sleep problems were associated with unfavourable dietary habits especially in men.

Analysis of Aflatoxin M1 in Breast Milk and Its Association with Nutritional and Socioeconomic Status of Lactating Mothers in Lebanon

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 1737-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jomana Elaridi ◽  
Maya Bassil ◽  
Joelle Abi Kharma ◽  
Farah Daou ◽  
Hussein F. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
World Health ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most potent of the dietary aflatoxins, and its major metabolite, aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), is frequently found in the breast milk of lactating mothers. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence and factors associated with AFM1 contamination of breast milk collected from lactating mothers in Lebanon. A total of 111 breast milk samples were collected according to the guidelines set by the World Health Organization. Samples were analyzed with a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay between December 2015 and November 2016. A survey was used to determine the demographic and anthropometric characteristics of participating lactating mothers. Dietary habits were assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Mean (±standard deviation) concentration of AFM1 in the breast milk samples was 4.31 ± 1.8 ng/L, and 93.8% of samples contained AFM1 at 0.2 to 7.9 ng/L. The mean concentration of AFM1 was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in fall and winter (4.1 ± 1.9 ng/L) than in spring and summer (5.0 ± 1.7 ng/L). None of the samples exceeded the European Commission regulation limit (25 ng/L) for infant milk replacement formula. AFM1 contamination was significantly associated (P < 0.05) with the daily consumption of white cheeses but not with the consumption of meat or cereal products. No significant association (P > 0.05) was observed between AFM1 concentrations in breast milk and anthropometric sociodemographic factors (age and level of education) or the governorate of residence of the nursing mothers. The mean AFM1 estimated daily intake was found to be 0.69 ng/day/kg of body weight. Although the incidence of AFM1 contamination was low, our first-of-its-kind study highlights the importance of conducting investigations on mycotoxin contamination in breast milk and of developing protection strategies to tackle the exposure of infants to this potent chemical hazard.

scholarly journals Validation of protein and potassium intakes assessed from 24 h recalls against levels estimated from 24 h urine samples in children and adolescents of Turkish descent living in Germany: results from the EVET! Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beate Bokhof ◽  
Anette E Buyken ◽  
Canan Doğan ◽  
Arzu Karaboğa ◽  
Josa Kaiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractObjectiveNutrition-related health problems such as obesity are frequent among children and adolescents of Turkish descent living in Germany, yet data on their dietary habits are scarce. One reason might be the lack of validated assessment tools for this target group. We therefore aimed to validate protein and K intakes from one 24 h recall against levels estimated from one 24 h urine sample in children and adolescents of Turkish descent living in Germany.DesignCross-sectional analyses comprised estimation of mean differences, Pearson correlation coefficients, cross-classifications and Bland–Altman plots to assess the agreement between the nutritional intake estimated from a single 24 h recall and a single 24 h urine sample collected on the previous day.SettingDortmund, Germany.SubjectsData from forty-three study participants (aged 5–18 years; 26 % overweight) with a traditional Turkish background were included.ResultsThe 24 h recall significantly overestimated mean protein and K intake by 10·7 g/d (95 % CI of mean difference: 0·6, 20·7 g/d) and 344 mg/d (95 % CI 8, 680 mg/d), respectively. Correlations between intake estimates were r = 0·25 (P = 0·1) and 0·31 (P = 0·05). Both methods classified 70 % and 69 % of the participants into the same/adjacent quartile of protein and K intake and misclassified 7 % and 7 %, respectively, into the opposite quartile. Bland–Altman plots indicated a wide scattering of differences in both protein and K intake.ConclusionsAmong children and adolescents of traditional Turkish descent living in Germany, one 24 h recall may only be valid for categorizing subjects into high, medium or low consumers.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Measurements, Sociodemographics, and Lifestyle Behaviors among Saudi Adolescents Living in Riyadh Relative to Sex and Activity Energy Expenditure: Findings from the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study 2 (ATLS-2)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Hazzaa M. Al-Hazzaa ◽  
Shaima A. Alothman ◽  
Abdullah F. Alghannam ◽  
Alaa A. Almasud
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

The aim of the study was to examine the anthropometric measurements, sociodemographics, and lifestyle behaviors among Saudi adolescents relative to sex and physical activity (PA). A random cross-sectional survey conducted on Saudi adolescents from secondary schools in Riyadh, using a multistage stratified cluster sampling technique. Measurements included demographics, weight, height, waist circumference, PA, sedentary behaviors (SB), sleep duration, and dietary habits using a validated questionnaire. A total of 1262 adolescents (16.4 ± 0.95 years; 52.4% males) were studied. Overweight/obesity was more than 40%. Physical inactivity among adolescents was 53%, which indicates some improvement over the past years, especially among females. More than 80% of adolescents had over three hours/day of screen time, with no significant sex differences. Insufficient sleep was highly prevalent with gender differences. A large proportion of the participants did not consume daily breakfast (65.7%), vegetables (73.2%), fruits (84.2%), or milk/dairy products (62.4%), whereas significant proportions of the adolescents consumed sugar-sweetened drinks, fast food, French fries/potato chips, cake/donuts, and chocolates/candy on at least three days or more per week. It was concluded that non-daily intake of breakfast and vegetables was significantly associated with lower PA. The updated information can aid in effectively planning and implementing promotional programs toward improving the lifestyle behaviors of Saudi adolescent.

Assessment of Healthy Eating Awareness of Schoolchildren in a Digital Environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
YuV Solovyeva ◽  
JYu Gorelova ◽  
TA Letuchaya ◽  
NB Mirskaya ◽  
AR Zaretskaya
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
World Health ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Food Literacy ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level

Introduction: Daily diets of contemporary schoolchildren mainly consist of foodstuffs, which are rich in fats and carbohydrates but poor in proteins, vitamins, and trace elements. Food stereotypes associated with consumption of freeze-dried and refined food as well as fast food products have become widespread. Such negative manifestations of the eating behavior of schoolchildren are largely determined by nutritional unawareness and necessitate appropriate measures for enhancing food literacy to preserve and strengthen health of the younger generation. Objectives: To assess nutritional awareness of contemporary schoolchildren in a digital environment using a modified questionnaire. Materials and methods: We modified the questionnaire developed on the basis of ten principles of healthy eating promoted by the World Health Organization to establish healthy diet awareness of 73 Moscow fifth-year schoolchildren. The self-administered questionnaire contained 23 questions. Results: Almost all the respondents lacked the necessary level of knowledge about healthy eating: 93 % and 7 % of the schoolchildren had a moderate and low food literacy level, respectively, and none of the pupils demonstrated a high level of awareness. The diet was perceived as unbalanced or partially balanced by 14 % and 7 %, respectively, and high-calorie – by 70 % of the respondents. Only 10 % of the pupils agreed that the diet influenced their school performance, while 20 % of them were not sure about that and 70 % disagreed. Conclusions: The identified eating disorders were associated with the level of food literacy. Our questionnaire proved to be an effective tool of obtaining detailed information about dietary habits of schoolchildren, and it can therefore be recommended for a larger survey aimed at early detection of eating disorders, improvement of food literacy, and prevention of nutrition-related health problems.

scholarly journals Association between fast-food consumption and lifestyle characteristics in Greek children and adolescents; results from the EYZHN (National Action for Children’s Health) programme

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 3386-3394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos D Tambalis ◽  
Demosthenes B Panagiotakos ◽  
Glyceria Psarra ◽  
Labros S Sidossis
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fast Food Consumption ◽  
Sleeping Habits

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the prevalence of fast-food consumption and the association between fast food and lifestyle factors in a representative sample of children and adolescents.DesignCross-sectional, observational study. Fast-food consumption and dietary habits were evaluated using questionnaires (KIDMED index). Anthropometric and physical fitness measurements were obtained by trained investigators. Physical activity (PA) status, sedentary activities and sleeping habits were assessed through self-completed questionnaires.SettingGreece.SubjectsPopulation data derived from a school-based health survey (EYZHN programme) carried out in 2015 on 177 091 (51 % boys) children aged 8–17 years.ResultsA greater proportion of boysv. girls (23·3v. 15·7 %,P<0·001) and of adolescentsv. children (26·9v. 17·1 %,P<0·001) reported they consume fast foods >1 time/week. Frequent fast-food consumption was strongly correlated with unhealthy dietary habits such as skipping breakfast and consuming sweets/candy regularly. Adjusting for several covariates, insufficient dietary habits, insufficient (<8–9 h/d) sleep, inadequate PA levels and increased screen time increased the odds (95 % CI) of being a frequent fast-food consumer by 77 % (0·218, 0·234), 30 % (1·270, 1·338), 94 % (1·887, 1·995) and 32 % (1·287, 1·357), respectively. Being overweight/obese or centrally obese did not correlate with frequency of fast-food consumption.ConclusionsFrequent fast-food consumption was associated with an unhealthy lifestyle profile among children and adolescents. The findings support the development of interventions to help children adopt healthier dietary habits.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Lifestyle Factors and Obesity Indices among Adolescents in Qatar

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhamid Kerkadi ◽  
Abdelmonem H. Sadig ◽  
Hiba Bawadi ◽  
Al Anoud Mohammed Al Thani ◽  
Walaa Al Chetachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Physical inactivity, sedentary behaviour and an unhealthy diet are factors that may increase weight and general and/or abdominal obesity. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between general and abdominal obesity and lifestyle factors among adolescents in Qatar. Methods: The study data are based on the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study (ATLS). The target population consisted of 1184 adolescents aged between 14 and 18 years old (563 boys and 621 girls), randomly selected through multistage sampling. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data on lifestyle indicators. Anthropometric indicators, which included body weight, height and waist circumference (WC), were measured according to standardised procedures. International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) reference values were used to define overweight and obesity. Abdominal obesity was defined by the ‘waist-to-height ratio’ (WHtR > 0.5) and by sex- and age-specific WC cutoff values. Results: Females were more inactive than males (63.7% vs. 36.3%; p < 0.001). The proportion of adolescents who reported screen time of over 2 h per day was 82.5%. Females engaged in more sedentary behaviour than males (53.4% vs. 46.4%, p = 0.009). Being male (OR: 1.3; CI: 1.0–1.7) and skipping breakfast (OR: 1.5; CI: 1.2–2) were significantly associated with overweight/obesity. In contrast, high intake of fast food, fries, sweets and cake were negative predictors of general and abdominal obesity. Conclusions: The findings revealed the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle habits among adolescents in Qatar and indicated relationships between certain dietary habits and obesity. The findings of this study may help in advocating for the implementation of an intervention that includes lifestyle changes targeting adolescents.

A Systematic Review of the Recent Consumption Levels of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages in Children and Adolescents From the World Health Organization Regions With High Dietary–Related Burden of Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 101053952110146
Author(s):  
Jia Ying Ooi ◽  
Luke Wolfenden ◽  
Rachel Sutherland ◽  
Nicole Nathan ◽  
Christopher Oldmeadow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
National Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
World Health ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
National Estimates ◽  
Health Organization

This review aimed to investigate national estimates of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption in children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years, from countries in regions particularly burdened by dietary-related chronic illnesses. The most recent studies or reports from included countries (n = 73) with national-level consumption data of SSBs in children and adolescents, collected between January 2010 and October 2019, were considered for inclusion. A random effects meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled estimates of the mean consumption of SSB in millimeters per day. Heterogeneity between national estimates was assessed using the I2 statistic and explored via subgroup analyses by the World Health Organization region, age groups, and country-level income. Forty-eight studies were included in the review reporting national estimates of consumption for 51 countries. The highest estimate of daily consumption was in China at 710.0 mL (95% confidence interval [CI] = 698.8-721.2), while the lowest was in Australia at 115.1 mL (95% CI = 111.2-119.1). Pooled synthesis of daily SSB consumption of the 51 countries was 326.0 mL (95% CI = 288.3-363.8), although heterogeneity was high, and was not explained by subgroup analyses. While there is considerable variability between countries, intake of SSB remains high among children and adolescents internationally underscoring the need for public health efforts to reduce SSBs consumption.

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