scholarly journals Islamic Habitus in English Language Textbooks Produced by Boards in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (101) ◽  
pp. 288-310
Author(s):  
Ashar Johnson Khokhar ◽  
Yaar Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
English Language ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
World View ◽  
The State ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
The Social ◽  
Global World

The textbook is an important and powerful tool used by the state to reproduce the social and cultural habits of a group, most often, of the majority group’s social and cultural imaginations. The habitus produces and instills the world-view about society, the social and cultural values that a state valorized and would like pupils to internalize and make it part of their world-view. This study analyzes the English textbook published by the state textbook boards (Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Sindh) for the academic year 2018-2019 for pupils of classes four to eight. The textbook content was analyzed using the Qualitative Content Analysis method. The content of 15 textbooks was digitized (scanned and made readable) to electronically categorized the text into categories using Nvivo 12 Plus software. The analysis revealed that the content is focused on developing and promoting Islamic habitus through stories weaved around family, making it a core component of a Muslim country. The family members practiced Islamic values, social and cultural, not only through their everyday lives at home, in school, and at other public places but also within their community through the celebration of cultural and religious festivals. The textbooks presented the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his family’s life as an ideal life to be lead by all, whether Muslims or non-Muslims. The textbook highlighted the ‘good,’ the ‘bad,’ valorizing the former and stigmatizing the latter to encourage pupils to develop an Islamic world-view. The textbooks fail to look into the micro-level national habitus, that is, portraying the habitus of its minorities, ethnic and religious, as the content did not integrate their habitus into the national habitus of Pakistan, making it the habitus of the majority. The current fast globalizing world needed to be presented to pupils a world-view, and this required, broadening the scope of textbook content to make it reflective of true Pakistani habitus aligned and rooted in the humane global world-view.

Design in Deloney's Jack of Newbury

PMLA ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Dorsinville
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
World View ◽  
The State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Literary Value ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Political Conception ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

Jack of Newbury's surface realism in characters, setting, and speech has led to an underestimation of its historical and literary value. A close reading reveals the consistent use of the Greco-Roman ethical-political conception of the state, epitomized in the figure of the ruler. Deloney shows his familiarity with this tradition, probably known to him through Erasmus and Sidney, in the three controlling motifs of his novel. First, the middle class of weavers, represented in Jack's household and dramatized in allegories and symbols, is portrayed as a self-sufficient state where peace and harmony reign. Second, this state is shown to be such because of the nature of its ruler, Jack, a benevolent, generous, wise man. Third, the middle-class way of life—hard work, thriftiness, material gains—serves as princely education; accordingly, Jack, from a menial position, goes on to become ruler of the state. Jack of Newbury, as a systematical reordering of an aristocratic tradition, represents the world view of the emergent middle class; and as such, a momentous shift in the social temper of the Renaissance and an important step in the evolution of the novel.

scholarly journals Globalization as a Factor for Language Endangerment: Nigerian Indigenous Languages in Focus

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 521-527
Author(s):  
Sale Maikanti ◽  
Austin Chukwu ◽  
Moses Gideon Odibah ◽  
Moses Valentina Ogu
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
English Language ◽  
World View ◽  
Indigenous Languages ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
British Colony ◽  
Global Language ◽  
Major Factors

Globalization can be viewed from economic, cultural and socio-political perspectives including information and communication technology (ICT). In view of this, it is seen as the increasing empowerment of western cultural values including language, philosophy and world view. In many African countries Nigeria inclusive, English language which is the language of colonization is gradually becoming a global language due to its influence and subsequent adoption as the official language by many African nations which are largely multi-cultural and multilingual under the British colony. This trend has not only relegated the status of Nigerian Indigenous languages to the background but has also threatened their existence in Nigeria which accommodates over 500 native languages. If this trend is left unchecked, the ill-wind of globalization will gradually sweep the native languages including the so-called major ones (Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba) out of existence particularly in Nigeria. This paper discusses globalization as one of the major factors for language endangerment with respect to Nigeria as a nation, with a view to proffering possible solutions capable of sustaining and empowering the nation’s socio-cultural and economic stability.

Italian Scholarship on Pre-Modern Confraternities in Italy

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Elsenbichler
Keyword(s):  
European Society ◽  
English Language ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
The Social ◽  
Religious Associations

The last fifteen to twenty years have witnessed a phenomenal growth in the study of medieval and Renaissance confraternities, those lay religious associations that pervaded the spiritual and social fabric of pre-modern European society. In English-language scholarship, the field was first surveyed by three historians who firmly left their mark on this fertile soil: Brian Pullan examined the place of the Venetian scuole (as local confraternities were called) in the social fabric of the state; Rab Hatfield investigated the social and political influence of the Florentine confraternity of the Magi; and Richard Trexler probed the place of confraternities for youths in Florentine civic ritual.

scholarly journals Adichie’s Thematic Construction of a Post-Colonial Nigerian Nation-State in Two Excerpts from Her Purple Hibiscus: An Experiential Meaning Scrutiny

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Daniel T. Yokossi ◽  
Léonard A. Koussouhon
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
World View ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Functional Linguistics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Verbal Processes ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Experiential Meaning

Abstract This article digs into Adichie’s world view of the post-colonial Nigeria via her use of the English language in two extracts culled from her Purple Hibiscus. To go into details, the study examines how Adichie makes use of particular types of transitivity patterns to weave into her text her thematic construction of Nigeria after independence. To this end, the Experiential Meaning has been used as a theoretical lens given that the exploration of the transitivity properties in/of a text can provide a full insight into how the writer encodes his/her experience of the world therein as advocated by Systemic Functional Linguistics scholars like Halliday (1971/1976), and his followers Hassan (1985/1989), Eggins (2004), and Matthiessen (2004/2006). As a matter of fact, the study offers a linguistic analysis of the selected extracts, a summary of the findings, and the ensuing interpretation. Actually, the interpretation of the findings has revealed that Adichie has encoded tremendous meanings through her outstanding use of such process types as material, mental and verbal processes. The distribution of these key processes in the analyzed extracts per participant has also highlighted both some of the author's key characters and to what extent these latter ones embody her perceptions of the social, religious and political issues that she artistically tries to castigate in her novel under examination. The study ultimately opens up to further explorations embracing such other fields of the Systemic Functional Linguistics as the interpersonal and textual meanings.

Stop Understanding “Power” Through the “State”: Gouvernementalité, Governmentality Studies, and the Fate of Michel Foucault’s Analytics of Power in Russian Translations

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-220 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
English Language ◽  
The State ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
The Social ◽  
Science In Russia ◽  
Political Communities ◽  
Governmentality Studies

Gouvernementalité is a neologism that was coined by Michel Foucault in 1978, and soon followed by “governmentality” in English. It has become one of the key concepts in the social sciences. Those terms both refer to the novel perspective that Foucault arrived at to understand and analyze the phenomenon of power or, more specifically, various types of power relations typical of different cultures and political communities. Over the past several decades, that perspective has provided the methodological basis for an emerging interdisciplinary field called Governmentality Studies in the English-language social sciences. One purpose of this approach is to reassess the genealogy and specific features of modern societies and modern states without conceptualizing “power” through the “state” as traditional political philosophy has done. However, contemporary social science in Russia has largely been deprived of the opportunity to use Foucault’s conceptual instruments and research methods because of problems with translation among other barriers. The article 1) summarizes the Foucauldian critique and analysis of power embedded in the concept of gouvernementalité and compares that approach with traditional paradigms in political philosophy, 2) highlights how that concept has been used over the years in Foucault’s works dealing with power relations and the topic of the ethical subject, 3) demonstrates that current Russian translations of Foucault’s primary texts incorporating the term gouvernementalité are not merely imprecise, but exemplify what the French call contresens - interpretations that directly contradict the essence of the original. As a corpus, the available translations do not convey Foucault’s thought, but rather bar Russian-speaking readers from his conceptual and exploratory perspective

scholarly journals Revitalization of Malay Cultural Values in Regional Regulation of Spatial and Region in Medan City

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-366
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yusrizal Adi Syahputra ◽  
Dani Sintara
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Social Values ◽  
The State ◽  
City Government ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
The Social

The enactment of Regional Regulation of Medan City Number 13 of 2011 and Regional Regulation Number 2 of 2016 have not accommodated the importance of Cultural values in the process of formation on spatial and region planning so that the RTRW development carried out by the Medan City government is only based on regulation alone without looking further into the social context and culture. According to Von Savigny's Theory, the formation of law must be based on people's souls (Volkgeist) as the raw material for the formation of law. Therefore, in the formation of regional regulations must pay attention to the cultural values of the indigenous people of an area. The inclusion of Malay cultural values in regional regulations in Medan City is a form of the realization of the state implementing Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. Integration of the cultural values of the Malay people in Medan City into regional regulations is carried out through the implementation of the legislative functions of the Medan City Government and DPRD to accommodate and protect the soul of the nation from the original tribe of Medan City whose existence has been marginalized. Revitalizing the cultural value of the Deli Malay in Medan City into spatial and region regulation is a form of protection of the Medan city government towards the cultural, historical and social values of the Malay people in the Medan City.

scholarly journals Refugee Health Education: Evaluating a Community-Based Approach to Empowering Refugee Women in Houston, Texas

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 949-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Leah Frost ◽  
Christine Markham ◽  
Andrew Springer
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
English Language ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Refugee Health ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Refugee Women ◽  
Education Material

Although resettlement agencies in the United States assist refugees by offering a variety of local social and health services, refugees are still less likely to access these services. Few studies have evaluated refugee health education interventions focusing on barriers to accessing healthcare and overcoming negative social determinants of health. This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and perceived impact of a yearlong health education intervention to empower Burmese refugee women living in Houston, Texas. The intervention included workshops, community excursions, question and answer (Q&A) sessions, and home visits. The evaluation was a formative qualitative study including interviews with Burmese refugee women who participated in the intervention and local resettlement agency caseworkers. Qualitative content analysis guided the data analysis and was conducted to identify categories and emergent themes. Key findings indicated that motivation to participate in the intervention was impacted by the women’s perceived relevance of health education material to Burmese cultural values and opportunities for hands-on learning to promote self-efficacy. Recommendations for future interventions include the use of community health workers to train refugee health educators, pairing English lessons with health education material to promote development of English language skills, developing teaching materials for refugees with low literacy, establishing bottom-up support from refugee resettlement agencies, and incorporating the social work ecological model to tailor health-focused interventions to the specific needs of the refugee community.

Chinese Philosophy: A Philosophical Essay on the “State-of-the-Art”

1995 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Tongqi ◽  
Henry Rosemont ◽  
Roger T. Ames
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Chinese Philosophy ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Easy Answer ◽  
The Relationship

There is no easy answer to the question: What is the status of Chinese philosophy? On the Chinese side, philosophy is much more than a professional commentary on and the extension of a canonical tradition constituted by philosophical systems and theories. Chinese philosophers have traditionally been scholar-officials whose theoretical reflections have been tempered by practical responsibilities—fully, the daily workings of government and society. “Philosophy” in the contemporary Chinese context, then, despite the avowedly Marxist orientation of the state, continues to range over the relationship between cultural values and the social and political life of the people. Philosophers have been and still are the intellectual leaders of society. Hence, a “state-of-the-art” reflection on Chinese philosophy from an internal Chinese perspective would be primarily practical: a survey of the intellectual discourse as it has driven and shaped recent social, political, and cultural developments.

Doing Bodhisattva’s Work

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-32
Author(s):  
Le Hoang Anh Thu
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The State ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
The Social

This paper explores the charitable work of Buddhist women who work as petty traders in Hồ Chí Minh City. By focusing on the social interaction between givers and recipients, it examines the traders’ class identity, their perception of social stratification, and their relationship with the state. Charitable work reveals the petty traders’ negotiations with the state and with other social groups to define their moral and social status in Vietnam’s society. These negotiations contribute to their self-identification as a moral social class and to their perception of trade as ethical labor.

Impact of Social Media on English Language: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Dr. Neha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
English Language ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
International Level ◽  
Class Society ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
Subsequent Rise

Language being a potent vehicle of transmitting cultural values, norms and beliefs remains a central factor in determining the status of any nation. India is a multilingual country which tends to encourage people to use English at national and international level. Basically English in India owes its presence to the British but its subsequent rise is not fully attributable to the British. It has now become the language of wider communication which is now spoken by large number of people all over the world. It is influenced by many factors such as class, society, developments in science and technology etc. However the major influence on English language is and has been the media.

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