scholarly journals Effects of Ciplukan Fruit Extract (Physallis peruvenia) on T4 levels in White Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Nita Parisa
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
White Rats

Hyperthyroidism is a condition where there is an increase in thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion so that the level of thyroid hormone in the blood increases. In 2013, data showed 0.4% of Indonesia's population experienced hyperthyroidism. Ciplukan fruit (Physalis peruviana) is an Indonesian herb that is thought to have an effect on thyroid hormone. This research is an in vivo experimental study. The research subjects were 30 Wistar strain white rats divided into 5 groups: negative control (distilled water), positive control (PTU 100 mg / kgBW), groups 3, 4, and 5 Ciplukan fruit extracts at a dose of 250 mg/kgBW, 500 mg/kgBW, and 1000 mg/kgBW. The results of the examination showed a decrease in T4 levels in the treatment with positive control and administration of ciplukan fruit extracts. There was a difference in the reduction in T4 levels for the group giving ciplukan extract doses of 1, 2, and 3 (p <0.05). It can be concluded that Ciplukan fruit extract with a dose of 250 mg/kgBW, 500 mg/kgBW, and 1000 mg/kgBW has potential as an anti-hyperthyroidism.

scholarly journals Mahkota Dewa (God’s Crown) Fruit Extract Inhibits the Formation of Periodontal Pathogen Biofilms in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diajeng Celia Radita ◽  
Armelia Sari Widyarman
Keyword(s):  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Periodontal Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Fruit Extracts ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Introduction: Mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) is an Indonesian fruit that contains antibacterial compounds, such as flavonoids, saponins, and tannins; it has been used as an alternative treatment for controlling infection. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of mahkota dewa fruit extract on the formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), and Treponema denticola (T. denticola) biofilms in vitro. Methods: God’s crown fruit was extracted using the maceration technique, and then diluted into different concentrations (25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, and 1.56%) using phosphate buffered saline (PBS). P. gingivalis ATCC-33277, A. actinomycetemcomitans ATCC-29522, or T. denticola ATCC-35405 were cultured in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth, 24h (anaerobic-condition), and then each type of bacteria (108CFU/mL) was distributed into a 96-well microplate to form a biofilm. Subsequently, the fruit extracts were distributed into the biofilm-containing well plates and incubated for 1h, 6h, and 24h. A biofilm without the fruit extract and chlorhexidine-gluconate (0.2%) was used as the negative and positive control, respectively. Crystal violet (0.5%w/v) was used to determine the density of the remaining biofilm using a microplate spectrophotometer (600 nm). Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and p <0.05 was set as the level of significance. Results: The mahkota dewa fruit extracts significantly inhibited the formation of a biofilm for all three bacterial strains at all concentrations and for each incubation time (p <0.05) based on optical density (OD)±SD.  The best concentration of fruit extract to inhibit biofilm formation was 25% for P. gingivalis (OD=0.19±0.06), 12.5% for A. actinomycetemcomitans (OD=0.14 ± 0.16), and 25% for T. denticola (OD=1.17±0.19) in comparison to the biofilm mass of the negative control, which was 1.67±0.06, 1.17±0.34, 2.66±0.38 for P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and T. denticola, respectively. Conclusion: Based on these results, mahkota dewa fruit extract can inhibit the formation of biofilm on P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and T. denticola, and it may potentially be used to prevent the infection associated with periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Red snapper fish intake improves thyroid gland activity in the hypothyroidism rat

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
E. Herawati ◽  
R.S. Titisari ◽  
S.A.N. Husna ◽  
O.P. Astirin ◽  
T. Widiyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Red Snapper ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Remarkable Change ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Thyroid Gland Activity

Congenital hypothyroidism is inadequate production of thyroid hormone in infants from birth. Treatment of hypothyroidism often involves an iodine-rich diet since iodine is a vital precursor for thyroid hormone synthesis. Red snapper fish is a saltwater fish that contain a high amount of iodine and other beneficial macro/micronutrients, yet no report was found on the effect of this fish consumption on hypothyroidism. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of red snapper (Lutjanus sp.) fish on thyroid gland activity, manifested by low FT4 level and high TSH level, two diagnostic indicators of hypothyroidism. This study used a post-test and controlled group design. Pregnant female rats were given propylthiouracil orally for four weeks to induce hypothyroidism in their offspring. All hypothyroid offspring were divided into five treatment groups, i.e., negative control, positive control (thyroxin therapy), red snapper enriched diet at 25% and 50% dosage, also a combination of levothyroxine and red snapper. The thyroid gland activity was detected by measuring blood serum FT4 and TSH and histological examination of the thyroid gland using HE staining. The level of FT4 and TSH in each treatment group were analyzed with the one-way ANOVA test. The results showed that the group that received a 50% red snapper diet has a normal level of FT4 and TSH, whereas the FT4 level increased two-fold; the TSH level decreased significantly. The organization of the thyroid gland showed a remarkable change of the lumen diameter, indicating a higher amount of hormone production by the gland.

scholarly journals Antiproliferation Effects of Nanophytosome-Loaded Phenolic Compounds From Fruit of Juniperus Polycarpos Against Breast Cancer in Mice Model: Synthesis, Characterization and Therapeutic Effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheila Moeini ◽  
Ehsan Karimi ◽  
Ehsan Oskoueian
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Phenolic Fraction ◽  
Juniperus Polycarpos

Abstract Background: This research was performed to synthesize nanophytosomes-loaded high phenolic fraction (HPF) from Juniperus polycarpos fruit extract and investigate its antiproliferation effects against breast cancer in mice model. Results: The nanophytosomes-loaded HPF from Juniperus polycarpos fruit extract was synthesized. The mice trial was conducted to determine the possible toxic effects of the synthesized nanophytosomes. The anticancer, pro-apoptotic, and antioxidative activities of the nanophytosomes were determined. The nanophytosomes-loaded HPF had a spherical structure with a size of 176 nm and a polydispersity index coefficient of 0.24. The in-vivo study manifested that nanophytosomes-loaded HPF significantly improved weight gain and food intake compared to the negative control group (p<0.05). The nanophytosomes-loaded HPF significantly enhanced the expression of bax (3.4-fold) and caspase-3 (2.7-fold) genes but reduced bcl2 (3.6-fold) gene expression in tumor cells. The average tumor size was significantly decreased in mice treated with nanophytosomes-loaded HPF (p<0.05). The expression of GPX (2.3-fold) and SOD (2.7-fold) antioxidants in the liver of mice supplemented with nanophytosomes-loaded HPF was significantly developed compared to the negative control (p<0.05). The nanophytosomes-loaded HPF did not show toxicity on normal cells. Conclusion: Our results indicated that nanophytosomes-loaded HPF might be a potential anticancer agent for the breast cancer treatment.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI ISOLAT SENYAWA GOLONGAN TERPENOID DARI BIJI PEPAYA (Carica papaya L.) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus SECARA IN VIVO PADA KELINCI JANTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Test Substance ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Group 15

research on the isolation of terpenoid class of compounds from the seeds of papaya (Carica papaya L.) and test its activity against Staphylococcus aureus in vivo in male rabbits. This research aims to prove that the terpenoid compounds isolated from the seeds of papaya (Carica papaya L.) can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus in vivo. Separation of terpenoid compounds by column chromatography ((eluent n-hexane: ethyl acetate: ethanol)) resulted in 25 eluates, and then merged based on the results of identification by TLC ((nhexane: ethyl acetate (8: 2)) and the color test reagent Lieburmann -Burchard produce 5 fraction groups. fraction D showed positive terpenoids with Rf 0.75 and the color purple with Lieburmann-Burchard reagent. study using 15 rabbits were divided into 5 groups: P1 (negative control), P2 (positive control) , P3 (5% of the test group), P4 (10% of the test group), P5 (test group 15%). each group was given the intracutaneous Staphylococcus aureus as 0,2ml on the backs of rabbits. Having symptoms of infection each group was given the test substance 3 times a day topically, the observed parameter is the diameter of the wound, and histopathological observations performed on days 3,6 and 9 Analysis of the results of research conducted using ANSIRA showed highly significant differences between groups (p <0.05). Then proceed with the analysis of the results of the analysis HSD test showed highly significant differences in the test group 5% to 10% of the test group and the test group 15%. Isolates terpenoid class of compounds from the seeds of papaya (Carica Papaya L.) with a concentration of 10% and 15% can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Keywords: Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, male rabbits

scholarly journals In-Vivo Effectiveness of 5% Azadirachta indica Oil Cream as Anti-Scabies

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Patihul Husni ◽  
Mayang K. Dewi ◽  
Norisca A. Putriana ◽  
Rini Hendriani
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Irritation Test ◽  
Primary Irritation

Scabies is an infectious skin disease caused by mite Sarcoptes scabiei. Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) has the potential to be used as an anti-parasite due to the presence of azadirachtin compound that is commonly found in the seeds. The aim of this study was to evaluate in-vivo effectiveness of neem oil as an anti-scabies. This study used an experimental method.  The effectiveness of the cream as an anti-scabies was tested on New Zealand white rabbits which were infected with scabies. Permethrin cream was used as a positive control and cream base was used as a negative control.  Cream was applied once daily and left for 8 hours. The data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney. Dermal acute irritation test was performed by applying  0.5 g cream on the rabbit dorsal. We found that 5% neem oil cream was effective as an anti-scabies with 20-21 days recovery time. The recovery time is longer than permethrin cream (7-8 days), but shorter compared to negative control with recovery time over 30 days. Primary irritation index for 5% neem oil creams was 0, indicating negligible irritation category. In conclusion, A. indica cream was effective for the treatment of scabies although its recovery time is shorter than permethrin cream.  Keywords: effectiveness test, irritation test, neem oil cream, scabies

scholarly journals In-vivo Antiplasmodial Effect of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine-Nitrofurantoin on Plasmodium berghei- Infected Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Udeme O. Georgewill ◽  
Festus Azibanigha Joseph ◽  
Elias Adikwu
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Nitrofurantoin (NT) used for the treatment of urinary tract infections may have antiplasmodial activity. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) is an artemisinin based combination therapy used for the treatment of malaria. This study evaluated the antiplasmodial effect of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine-nitrofurantoin (DP-NT) on mice infected with Plasmodium berghei. Adult Swiss albino mice (30-35 g) of both sexes were used. The mice were randomly grouped, inoculated with Plasmodium berghei, and treated orally with DP (1.7/13.7 mg/kg), NT (57.1 mg/kg) and DP-NT (1.71/13.7/ 57.1 mg/kg), respectively using curative, prophylactic and suppressive tests. The negative control was orally treated with normal saline (0.3 mL), while the positive control was orally treated with chloroquine CQ (10mg/kg). After treatment, blood samples were collected and evaluated for percentage parasitemia, inhibitions and hematological parameters. Liver samples were evaluated for histological changes. The mice were observed for mean survival time (MST). Treatment with DP-NT decreased parasitemia levels when compared to individual doses of DP and NT with significant difference observed at p<0.05. DP-NT prolonged MST when compared to individual doses of DP and NT with significant difference observed at p<0.05. The decrease in packed cell volume, red blood cells, hemoglobin and increase in white blood cells in parasitized mice were significantly restored by DP-NT  when compared to individual doses of DP and NT with difference observed at p<0.05. DP-NT eradicated liver Plasmodium parasite.  NT remarkably increased the antiplasmodial activity of DP. DP-NT may be used for the treatment of malaria.

scholarly journals Study the effect of the mixture alcoholic extract of Peganum harmala seeds and cones of Cupressus sempervirens and their effect on viability of protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in vivo

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Noor Nihad Baker ◽  
Fawzia Ahmed AL-Shanawi
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Plant Mixture

this study included the using of the mixture of alcoholic extract Peganum harmala seeds and cones of Cupressus sempervirens at concentrations (1+50) mgml. And then experimentation on the mice injected with protoscolices and its comparison with the mice injected with only protoscolices (as positive control group), and the mice injected with normal saline (as negative control) to investigate the effect of plant mixture in vivo, it appeared of getting the reduction of hydatid cyst with percentage 100% in processed group with the mixture compared with positive group as its absence of the hydatid cyst in processed group. The lowering significantly occurred in the averages of the weights of the liver and spleen and the averages of its distension in processed groups and about of the positive group and which was approach to the negative group. Also study the tissular changes occurred in the liver and spleen, in the liver it occurred of changes in the liver cell and increase in the number of the kupffer cell as a defensive in the processed group were less than what it appeared in the positive control, but the spleen, it appeared the dilation of the whit pulp and the appearance of the cell composing of the hemic platelets (megakaryocyte cells) in the mice processed in comparison with negative control. These changes were of less acuity in the group processed. Thus from the results of this study at appeared the possibility of using the mixture in vivo in successful and safe way by it a capability of initiating the immunity system to the inhibition of the protoscolices and prevent the development of the secondary hydatid cyst in vivo without causing the negative side effect.

scholarly journals Protection Effectiveness Of Bit (Beta vulgaris) Fruit Extract In Maintaining Spermatogenesis Ability In White Rats (Rattus novergicus) Induced Carbon Tetracloride (CCl4)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Alvyan Lantang Anugrah ◽  
Hana Eliyani ◽  
Budi Utomo ◽  
Suherni Susilowati ◽  
Maslichah Mafruchati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
White Rats

The aim of this research was to know whether beetroot (Beta Vulgaris) extract could protect spermatogenesis by maintaining spermatogenic and sertoli cell count  in rats (Rattus novergicus) induced with CCl4. Rats were given beetroot extract daily, for 14 days and 3ml/kg BW CCl4 intraperitoneally one hour after last treatment. This study used twenty rats which were devided equally into 5 groups. K(-), the negative control group was not induced with CCL4 and only given 1% CMC-Na suspension. K(+), the positive control group was induced with CCl­4 and given 1% CMC-Na suspension. P1, P2 and P3 were given beet root extract with doses of 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg BW daily before feeding. All of the beetroot treatment were given orally (2 ml). After 24 hours CCl4 induction, rats were sacrificed and testis were collected to make histology slides. The observations showed significantly different (p<0,05) in all of variables. Result showed significant differences in spermatogenic and sertoli cells between K(-) and K(+) groups, K(+) with P2 and P3 group, and showed insignificant difference between P2 and P3 group in spermatogenic and sertoli cells. The result of this research showed that beetroot extract could protect the spermatogenic and sertoli cells in male rats induced with CCl4.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Ekstrak Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus De Vriese) Asal Kabupaten Poso Sebagai Alternatif Penurun Kadar Gula Darah

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Anang Wahid M. D. Diah ◽  
Ni Kadek Ana Diani ◽  
Minarni Rama Jura
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sugar Levels

Bioactive compounds contained in red fruit (pandanus conoideus De Vriese) among others are flavonoids and tannins. The compounds are classified as very powerful antioxidants and can inhibit free radicals. This study aimed to determine the effective concentration of the red fruit extract from Poso as an alternative for lowering blood sugar levels. The separatin method used was boiling. The animals test were 15 male of mice (Mmus musculus) induced by ethylene diamine tetra acetic (EDTA). The mice were divided randomly into 5 groups with different treatments. The first, the second, and the third treatments were given red fruit extract each with a concentration of 10%, 20% and 30%. The fourth treatment was given glibenclamide suspension as a positive control, and the fifth treatments was given Na-CMC as a negative control. Data were analyzed using a statistical analysis of variance (Anova) test followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the preclinical test of red fruit extract reduced blood sugar levels of mice, and the most effective concentration was 20% as much as 68% (w/v) with significance level a = 0.05.

scholarly journals In Vivo Evaluation of the Genotoxic Effects of Poly (Butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/Polypyrrole with Nanohydroxyapatite Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Conceição de Maria Vaz Elias ◽  
Antônio Luiz Martins Maia Filho ◽  
Laryssa Roque da Silva ◽  
Fabrício Pires de Moura do Amaral ◽  
Thomas J. Webster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Infusion Pump ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
In Vivo Assays

Here, butylene adipate-co-terephthalate/polypyrrole with nanohydroxyapatite (PBAT/PPy/nHAp) scaffolds were fabricated and characterized. The electrospinning process was carried out using 12 kV, a needle of 23 G, an infusion pump set at 0.3 mL/h, and 10 cm of distance. Afterwards, nHAp was directly electrodeposited onto PBAT/PPy scaffolds using a classical three-electrode apparatus. For in vivo assays (comet assay, acute and chronic micronucleus), 60 male albino Wistar rats with 4 groups were used in each test (n = 5): PBAT/PPy; PBAT/PPy/nHAp; positive control (cyclophosphamide); and the negative control (distilled water). Peripheral blood samples were collected from the animals to perform the comet test after 4 h (for damage) and 24 h (for repair). In the comet test, it was shown that the scaffolds did not induce damage to the % DNA tail and neither for tail length. After the end of 48 h (for acute micronucleus) and 72 h (for chronic micronucleus), bone marrow was collected from each rat to perform the micronucleus test. All of the produced scaffolds did not present genotoxic effects, providing strong evidence for the biological application of PBAT/PPy/nHAp scaffolds.

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