scholarly journals Effect of Eight Weeks of Endurance Training and Stevia Supplemention on Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and β-Myosin Heavy Chain Expression Levels in Heart Tissue of Rats With Type 1 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-319
Author(s):  
Kobra Soleymani ◽  
◽  
Asieh Abbassi Daloii ◽  
Ali Reza Barari ◽  
Ayoub Saeidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Healthy Control

Background: The effects of exercise and stevia extract on diabetes-related indicators have been already reported, but their cardiac benefits on Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) are unclear. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of endurance training and stevia supplementation on gene expression levels of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) and β-Myosin Heavy Chain (β-MHC) in the heart tissue of T1D rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 25 rats with the average weight of 250-300 g were divided into five groups; healthy control, diabetic control, diabetic+supplementation, diabetic+training, and diabetic+training+supplementation. T1D was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg/ body weight). Endurance training was performed 5 days a week at a speed of 20-30 meters per minute on a surface with a zero slope for 8 weeks. Stevia was gavaged in a dose of 250 mg/kg/body weight. Rats were slaughtered 48 hours after the last training session. Cardiac tissue was used to measure the parameters. The gene expression of ANP and b-MHC in cardiac tissue was measured by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test. Findings: The gene expression levels of ANP and β-MHC were significantly higher in the diabetic control group compared to the healthy control group (P=0.001), and significantly lower in the diabetic+training and diabetic+training+supplementation groups compared to the diabetic control group (P=0.001). Conclusion: Endurance training and stevia supplementation can have beneficial effects on the heart of T1D rats.

scholarly journals Effect of 8 Weeks of Incremental Endurance Training on Antioxidant Enzymes and Total Antioxidant Status of Cardiac Tissue in Experimental Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eftekhar Mohammadi ◽  
Fatemeh Nikseresht
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Healthy Control

Introduction: Evidence suggests increased oxidative stress and improved total antioxidant status resulting from regular exercise in the heart tissue of diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of increasing endurance training on the levels of antioxidant enzymes and the total antioxidant status of the cardiac tissue of diabetic mice. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 Wistar male rats (aged 10 weeks and weighing 256±11.8 g) were divided into 4 groups of 6.The training program lasted for 8 weeks with increasing endurance training. It was measured 48 hours after the completion of the protocol levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase) and the total antioxidant status of rat heart tissue. One-way analysis of variance test was used for intergroup comparisons and Pearson test was used to investigate the relationship between indicators. Results: The results showed a significant difference in total antioxidant status, catalase and glutathione (P = 0.001) and were not significant in glutathione peroxidase (P = 0.240). Moreover, a follow-up test showed a significant increase in total antioxidant status and catalase (healthy exercise, healthy control, and diabetic exercise compared to diabetic control), Glutathione (healthy exercise (P = 0.001) and healthy control (P = 0.049) compared to diabetic control); (Healthy exercise (P = 0.003) compared to diabetic exercise. Finally, some correlations between antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant status were significant. Conclusion: According to research results, increasing endurance training appears to increase levels of antioxidant enzymes and improve total antioxidant status, thereby it reduces oxidative stress in the heart tissue of diabetic mice.

scholarly journals Comparison of Momordica charantia effect on Mcl-1 gene expression in the livers of streptozotocin diabetic and healthy rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
Mahsa Salehian-Dehkordi ◽  
Hossein Sazegar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Group B

Background and aims: The positive effects of medicinal herbs on diabetes have been proved in previous studies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of active Momordica Charantia on the treatment of liver diseases resulting from diabetes and the expression level of the Mcl-1 gene, which is a proapoptotic gene and becomes antiapoptotic in the event of damage. Methods: In this study, 42 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups including healthy, diabetic, metformin, 150 mg/kg M. charantia controls, and three groups that received the active M. charantia with doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg. All groups became diabetic with streptozotocin injected intraperitoneally except for the control and M. charantia. Afterward, they received the active M. charantia by gavage for four weeks (three times a week). Finally, the Kruskal-Wallis method was used for comparison among the groups. The statistical tests were analyzed using SPSS software, version 22. Results: The level of Mcl-1 expression in the diabetic control group (C) was significantly higher than that in the healthy control (A) and the M. charantia-receiving control group (B, P<0.05). The group receiving 150 mg/kg dose of M. charantia drug (G) had a better effect compared to the group that received 100 mg/kg (F), and this difference was significant (P<0.05). This increase indicated that the medication was dose-dependent. Conclusion: In general, a reduction in the level of Mcl-1 gene expression relied on the M. charantia dose. After the development of diabetes, this level significantly increased in the diabetic groups, but decreased after receiving M. charantia, leading to a decrease in the side effects and symptoms associated with diabetes.

scholarly journals Effect of Aerobic Exercise Combined With Stevia Extract Supplementation on Selected Liver Enzymes in Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-257
Author(s):  
Abdollah Akbari ◽  
◽  
Vahid Tadibi ◽  
Naser Behpoor ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective: Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with a wide range of liver diseases. The levels of liver enzymes such as Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are changed following a liver disease The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise combined with Stevia extract supplementation on the levels of ALT and AST enzymes in diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 males wistar rats weighing 150-220 g were used. Animals were randomly divided into five groups; healthy control , diabetic control, diabetic + exercise, diabetic + stevia, and diabetic + exercise + stevia. The extract was administered by oral gavage for 6 weeks. The aerobic exercise program was performed for six weeks, 5 days per week. At the end of the intervention, blood samples were collected from the heart of rats to measure the levels of ALT and AST. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: The levels of ALT and AST enzymes decreased significantly in all experimental groups compared to diabetic control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Aerobic exercise combined with stevia extract supplementation can improve the liver function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

β Cell Protecting and Immunomodulatory Activities of Paecilomyces Hepiali Chen Mycelium in STZ Induced T1DM Mice

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Xiang ◽  
Jing Tang ◽  
Xiao-Lei Zou ◽  
Zeng-Yu Zhao ◽  
Yun-Yang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Paecilomyces Hepiali

The anti-hyperglycemic and immunomodulatory activities of the ethanol extract from Paecilomyces Hepiali Chen (PHC), a Chinese medicine, were investigated in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic (T1DM) mice. Male Balb/c mice, which were i.p. injected with streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg, for 5 consecutive days) on Day 7, were orally administered saline (the normal control and diabetic control group), Metformin (60 mg/kg, b.w., positive group), or the extract (100 mg/kg, b.w., PHC prevention group) from Day 1 to Day 28, Mice i.p. injected with streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg, b.w.) for 5 consecutive days prior to PHC treatment (100 mg/kg, b.w.) were used as the PHC treatment group. The effects of PHC on postprandial blood glucose concentrations, plasmatic insulin levels, morphology of pancreatic β cells and CD4+ T cells proliferation after 28-day treatment were monitored. Results showed that PHC administered 6 days before STZ induction of diabetes in mice significantly decreased blood glucose level (p < 0.01). An increase of insulin level was also observed as compared to those in the diabetic control group (p < 0.01). In addition, fewer inflammatory cells infiltrated the pancreatic islet and fewer β cells death by apoptosis within the inflamed islets were observed. More importantly, the CD4+ T cell proliferation was remarkably attenuated ex vivo in mice preventively treated with PHC (p < 0.01). In comparison to the PHC prevention group, no significant hypoglycemia, changes of insulin level and β cell protection were observed in mice treated with PHC after STZ administration. Our findings demonstrated that preventive administration of PHC protected β cells from apoptosis in type 1 diabetes induced by STZ, and the underlying mechanism may be involved in suppressing CD4+ T cells reaction, reducing inflammatory cells infiltration and protecting beta cell apoptosis in pancreatic islet.

Garcinia kola seeds may prevent cognitive and motor dysfunctions in a type 1 diabetes mellitus rat model partly by mitigating neuroinflammation

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Seke Etet ◽  
Mohammed Farahna ◽  
Gwiria M.H. Satti ◽  
Yahia M. Bushara ◽  
Ahmed El-Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Necrosis Factor

AbstractBackgroundWe reported recently that extracts of seeds ofMethodsRats made diabetic by single injection of streptozotocin were treated daily with either vehicle solution (diabetic control group), insulin, orResultsHyperglycemia (209.26 %), body weight loss (–12.37 %), and T1DM-like cognitive and motor dysfunctions revealed behavioral tests in diabetic control animals were not observed in insulin and extract-treated animals. Similar, expressions of inflammation markers tumor necrosis factor (TNF), iba1 (CD68), and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), as well as decreases of neuronal density in regions involved in cognitive and motor functions (–49.56 % motor cortex, –33.24 % medial septal nucleus, –41.8 % /–37.34 % cerebellar Purkinje /granular cell layers) were observed in diabetic controls but not in animals treated with insulin orConclusionsOur results indicate that T1DM-like functional alterations are mediated, at least partly, by neuroinflammation and neuronal loss in this model. The prevention of the development of such alterations by early treatment with

scholarly journals Effects of Silymarin on Blood Glucose Concentration, Hepatic Histopathological Changes and FOXA2 and FOXA3 Gene Expression in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Sajad Nikkhah ◽  
Rahman Jafari Hafshejan ◽  
Farshid Gheibi Hajivar ◽  
Khalil Khashei ◽  
Sara Afzali
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Since the liver is among the primary organs susceptible to the effects of hyperglycaemia, diabetes mellitus (DM) could be a risk factor for the development and progression of liver damage. In present study, since no side-effects from the herbal medicine have been reported, the effect of silymarin on blood glucose concentration, hepatic histopathological changes and FOXA2 and FOXA3 gene expression, which are key genes in liver regeneration, was investigated. In this fundamental with experimental approach study, 40 male Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g were used. Rats were kept under the standard conditions of temperature of 20-22°C and humidity of 50% and consecutive 12-hour periods of light and darkness. Rats were randomly divided into five different groups (n=8 each), including healthy control rats, diabetic control rats, diabetic rats receiving silymarin (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced by injecting streptozotocin (50 mg/kg B.W., i.p.). For 4 weeks silymarin groups received the drug once every three days through gavage and fasting blood glucose concentration measured once every 10 days. At the end of a month experiment, livers were harvested for hepatic histopathological and FOXA2 and FOXA3 gene expression changes analysis. In the diabetic rats treated with silymarin (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg), by comparison with the diabetic control group (p<0.05), glucose levels decreased significantly. Moreover, FOXA2 and FOXA3 expression in diabetic groups treated with silymarin significantly increased compared to diabetic control group (p<0.05). Hepatic histopathological changes were improved in the treated groups.The present study indicates that silymarin significantly decreased blood glucose concentration and increased the FOXA2 and FOXA3 gene products level. Hence, silymarin is able to improve some of the symptoms associated with diabetes and possesses hepatoprotective effects in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals The Effect of Aerobic Training and Ozone Therapy on the Levels of MFN1 and DRP1 Gene Expression in the Heart Tissue of Rats with Osteoarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atosa Zandi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani ◽  
Maghsoud Peeri ◽  
Seyed Ali Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ozone Therapy ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Training ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Background: People with osteoarthritis are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, regular exercise and ozone therapy can prevent such diseases. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic training and ozone therapy on the gene expression of MFN1 and DRP1 in the heart tissue of rats with osteoarthritis. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 rats with osteoarthritis were randomly divided into four groups of six rats, including (1) osteoarthritis control, (2) training, (3) ozone, and (4) training + ozone. Also, to investigate the effects of osteoarthritis on intended variables, 6 healthy rats were selected as the healthy control group. Then, for the next eight weeks, rats in the aerobic training groups were planned to run on the treadmill five sessions per week for 30 - 50 minutes, and those in the ozone groups received 20 µg/mL ozone once per week for three weeks, 21 days after induction of osteoarthritis. Gene expression levels of MFN1 and DRP1 were measured in the heart tissue. The Shapiro-Wilk, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s post-hoc tests were used to analyze the data (P ≥ 0.05). Results: Induction of osteoarthritis was associated with increases in MFN1 (P = 0.001) and DRP1 (P = 0.001). However, in the training, ozone therapy, and training + ozone therapy groups, osteoarthritis decreased the DRP1 (P = 0.001); training (P = 0.02), ozone therapy (P = 0.002), and training + ozone therapy (P = 0.001) decreased the MFN1; Also, reduction in MFN1 and DRP1 was greater in the training + ozone therapy group than the sole training group (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Although eight weeks of training and ozone therapy improved the levels of MFN1 and DRP1 gene expression in the heart tissue of rats with osteoarthritis, simultaneous use of training with ozone therapy showed more favorable effects on the improvement of MFN1 and DRP1 gene expression levels than sole training or ozone therapy alone.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Exercise Training and Vitamin D Supplementation on Mitochondrial Function of Cardiac Tissue, Antioxidant Capacity, and Tumor Growth in Breast Cancer in Bearing-4T1 Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Jafari ◽  
Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani ◽  
Farnoosh Khosrobakhsh ◽  
Neda Khaledi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Control Group

Both regular exercise training and vitamin D consumption are beneficial for patients with cancer. The study investigated the effects of interval exercise training (IET) or/and vitamin D supplementation on the gene expression involved in mitochondrial function of heart tissue, tumor size, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in breast cancer (BC) model mice. We assigned random 40 female NMRI mice to five equal groups (n = 8); the healthy control group (H.C), cancer control group (Ca.C), cancer with the vitamin D group (Ca.VD), cancer exercise group (Ca.Ex), and cancer exercise along with the vitamin D group (Ca.Ex.VD). Forty-eight hours after treatment, we anesthetized the animals and performed the isolation of heart tissue and blood serum for further studies. The results showed that the lowest mean body weight at the end of the treatments was related to Ca.C (p = 0.001). Vitamin D treatment alone has increased tumor volume growth by approximately 23%; in contrast, co-treatment with exercise and vitamin D inhibited tumor growth in mice (P = 0.001), compared with the cancer control (12%). TAC levels were higher in the group that received both vitamin D and exercise training (Ca.Ex.VD) than in the other treatment groups (Ca.VD and Ca.Ex) (p = 0.001). In cardiac tissue, vitamin D treatment induces an elevation significantly of the mRNA expression of Pgc1−α, Mfn-1, and Drp-1 genes (p = 0.001). The study has shown the overexpression of vitamin D in female mice, and synergistic effects of IET with vitamin D on weight loss controlling, antitumorigenesis, improvement of antioxidant defense, and the modulation of gene expression. The synergistic responses were likely by increasing mitochondrial fusion and TAC to control oxidative stress. We recommended being conducted further studies on mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis focusing on risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with BC.

scholarly journals Endurance Training Regulates Expression of Some Angiogenesis-Related Genes in Cardiac Tissue of Experimentally Induced Diabetic Rats

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Mojdeh Khajehlandi ◽  
Lotfali Bolboli ◽  
Marefat Siahkuhian ◽  
Mohammad Rami ◽  
Mohammadreza Tabandeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Cardiac Tissues ◽  
The Impact

Exercise can ameliorate cardiovascular dysfunctions in the diabetes condition, but its precise molecular mechanisms have not been entirely understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of endurance training on expression of angiogenesis-related genes in cardiac tissue of diabetic rats. Thirty adults male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (N = 10) including diabetic training (DT), sedentary diabetes (SD), and sedentary healthy (SH), in which diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). Endurance training (ET) with moderate-intensity was performed on a motorized treadmill for six weeks. Training duration and treadmill speed were increased during five weeks, but they were kept constant at the final week, and slope was zero at all stages. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis was used to measure the expression of myocyte enhancer factor-2C (MEF2C), histone deacetylase-4 (HDAC4) and Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in cardiac tissues of the rats. Our results demonstrated that six weeks of ET increased gene expression of MEF2C significantly (p < 0.05), and caused a significant reduction in HDAC4 and CaMKII gene expression in the DT rats compared to the SD rats (p < 0.05). We concluded that moderate-intensity ET could play a critical role in ameliorating cardiovascular dysfunction in a diabetes condition by regulating the expression of some angiogenesis-related genes in cardiac tissues.

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