scholarly journals ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНИЙ БАЗИС СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Марина Сергіївна Татар
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Axiomatic Approach ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Business Entities

Formulation of the problem. Modern global challenges and imbalances necessitate cooperation in new realities, change the interaction nature to counter global challenges by activating the most effective forms, methods, types and mechanisms of interaction and creating a new values philosophy and motivational guidelines for socio-economic interaction. The processes of socio-economic uncertainty of economic prospects in the context of global challenges require the formation of  theoretical and methodological basis for the economic entities interaction. The aim of the research is formation of theoretical and methodological basis for economic entities socio-economic interaction in the context of modern global challenges. The subject of the research is theoretical aspect and methodological aspect of business entities socio-economic interaction in global challenges context. The methods of the research: historical method, methods of verification of theoretical positions (morphological analysis of the content and interrelation of categories, principles and laws, assessment of historical facts to theoretical hypotheses), methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, logical method (hypothetical and axiomatic approach), comparison method. The hypothesis of the research. In the context of global challenges, it is necessary to change the nature of interaction, for which it is necessary to form a theoretical and methodological basis for such interaction and determine the directions of necessary changes in interaction. The statement of basic materials. Within the epistemological field of research, the definitions of "interaction" as social, economic, philosophical, psychological and managerial categories are analyzed. The providing subsystems of business entities social and economic interaction in the conditions of global challenges are determined, among which the normative and legal, financial, logistical, personnel, informational, logistic, infrastructural, psychological, scientific, institutional, organizational supporting subsystems are singled out and characterized. Within the content (paradigmatic and methodological) basis of the research, it is proposed to distinguish the paradigmatic provisions of socio-economic interaction and the methodological basis of business entities socio-economic interaction research in the context of global challenges. The originality and practical significance of the research. The research of business entities socio-economic interaction in the context of global challenges includes four interrelated blocks – theoretical and explanatory basis of interaction, content (paradigmatic and methodological), applied and managerial basis of interaction, which complex covers possible interaction aspects. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. The article considers the theoretical and methodological basis of business entities interaction during global challenges, within which the implementation of the relevant logical blocks is proposed. Within the framework of further research it is planned to develop an applied basis of interaction, which will provide a diagnostic and prognostic field of socio-economic interaction in the context of global challenges and modeling of of business entities socio-economic interaction, as well as management basis of interaction of business entities, which will provide a sequence of management stages of the socio-economic interaction process and determine the interaction effectiveness in global challenges.

scholarly journals ЕКОНОМІЧНА РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА РОЗВИТКУ ТЕОРІЇ ВЕРТИКАЛЬНОЇ СПЕЦІАЛІЗАЦІЇ

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Алішер Файзійович Расулев
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Vertical Specialization ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
Vertical Trade ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Axiomatic Approaches

We explore the development of vertical specialization theory which is trade in goods across multiple stages of production on the relationship between trade and business cycle synchronization across countries. We study various papers about international trade model in which explores the degree of vertical specialization varying with trade barriers. We examine how and why these vertical specialization models created by economists and compare differences of those models. Since VS one of the most important changes involves the increasing interconnectedness of production processes in a vertical trading chain that stretches across many countries, with each country specializing in particular stages of a good’s production sequence. The purpose of the article is to form a theoretical and methodological basis for an economic retrospective of the development of the theory of vertical specialization. The subject of the research is theoretical and methodological aspects of the economic retrospective of the development of the theory of vertical specialization. Methods used in the study: historical method, methods of verification of theoretical positions (morphological analysis of the content and relationship of categories, principles and laws, assessment of the correspondence of historical facts to theoretical hypotheses), methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, logical method (hypothetical and axiomatic approaches), comparison method. Research hypothesis. In the context of global challenges, it is necessary to change the nature of interaction, for which it is necessary to form a theoretical and methodological basis for an economic retrospective of the development of the theory of vertical specialization. Presentation of the main material. Vertical specialization occurs when a country uses imported intermediate parts to produce goods that it later exports. This definition reflects the idea that countries are consistently linked to each other to produce the final good. The fulfillment of the conditions is justified: the product must be produced in several successive stages, two or more countries must specialize in the production of some, but not all, stages, and at least one stage must cross the international border more than once. It is emphasized that vertical specialization occurs when a country uses imported intermediate parts to produce goods that it later exports. Originality and practical significance of the research. The study of the economic retrospective of the development of the theory of vertical specialization includes four interrelated blocks – the theoretical and exploratory basis of interaction, the substantive (paradigmatic and methodological), applied and managerial basis of the interaction of business entities, which will allow comprehensively cover possible aspects of interaction. Conclusions of the study. The article examines the theoretical and methodological basis of vertical trade also connects the growth of international trade with an increase in international production. The forces that have driven increased vertical trade – lowering trade barriers and improving transport and communication technologies – are likely to persist. Thus, we can conclude that the value of VS and vertical trade in world trade will grow from year to year.

scholarly journals HOTEL FOR PHOTOTOURISTS - A MODERN TREND IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Iryna Oleksandrivna Kalienik ◽  
Olena Bronislavivna Shydlovska ◽  
Tetiana Ivanivna Ishchenko ◽  
Viktor Fedorovich Dotsenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Method ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Modern Trend ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Literary Methods

Purpose. To consider the concept of “phototourism”, to find out its essence and difference from other special types of tourism, to characterize its classification features. To reveal the prerequisites for its development in Ukraine to increase the tourist attractiveness of the country. Methods. For research, methods such as system-structural, abstract-logical, analysis, synthesis, generalization, observation, comparison were used; classification and literary methods. The system-structural method was used to assess the possibility of the existence of domestic hotels that will be able to provide photo tourists with services such as renting specialized photo equipment, workshops on using cameras, organizing photo tours and others. Thanks to the abstract-logical method, the theoretical aspects of the development and functioning of phototourism in Ukraine were revealed. The comparison method was used to evaluate the pricing policy of digital and film cameras. Results. The classification of photo tours and the specific features of phototourism, which distinguish it from other types of tourism, are given. The main trends in the development and popularization of phototourism in the world and Ukraine are investigated. Foreign photo tours and their specifics are analyzed. A survey was carried out among the population of Ukraine about their interest in hotel enterprises that can provide services for phototourists, organize tours and offer specialized photographic equipment for rent. A comparative assessment of the pricing policy of various types of photographic equipment is provided, which can be used in phototours organized by a hotel company specializing in phototourism. The innovative aspects of phototourism, which can be used in practice in the domestic hotel business, are analyzed. The given examples of such phototouristic regions as Cherkasy, Carpathian, Transcarpathian and Chernigov, which testify to the potential of Ukraine as a country that has the opportunity to expand its tourism market. Scientific novelty. Scientific novelty lies in substantiating the feasibility of creating a hotel for phototourists in Ukraine, as a new way to popularize phototourism in the hotel industry of the country. Phototourism with the use of film cameras is the newest direction in the tourism sector not only in Ukraine, but throughout the world. The practical significance lies in the fact that the popularization of phototourism can bring the industry to a qualitatively new level in the formation of tourism offers and contribute to the creation of a modern competitive tourism product.

scholarly journals ACCOUNTING OF FREELANCE IN KAZAKHSTAN AND THE PROSPECTS OF ITS DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
D.Zh. Abdreisova ◽  
◽  
D.T. Baytenizov ◽  
D.A. Amerhzanova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Statistical Method ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The World ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Promising Development

Freelancing is a new area of work for people around the world, which has be-come widespread, but began to grow rapidly in Kazakhstan. However, there is a big drawback - this is the lack of well-established mechanisms of interaction between workers and employers in this area. Nevertheless, this factor did not affect the relevance of the field of freelance activities, on the contrary, it has a promising development as a factor of remote employment or additional earnings. The methodological basis of the research is the dialectical method of cognition, based on the logical method, in particular when formulating material, formulating conclusions, then the historical method, statistical method, system analysis method and others. We have identified the positive and negative aspects of the development of freelancing in the world and in Kazakhstan. In the course of the research, the authors came to the conclusion that freelancing is a promising direction in the field of employment and small business.

scholarly journals PRINCIPLES OF BUSINESS ENTITIES SOCIO-ECONOMIC INTERACTION IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1(86)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryna Tatar
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Behavioral Constraints ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
Global Shocks ◽  
Natural Change ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Innovation Knowledge

The definitions of interaction as a socio-economic category, the main categories of the methodological basis of socio-economic interaction are analyzed. The concept of "interaction" can be defined as a system of joint actions of several objects or entities, in which the action result of one of them affects the others. Global challenges lead to the need to change the interaction basis of economic entities due to the natural change of the general socio-economic and political-ideological formation of social development, which necessitates the definition and analysis of basic principles of business entities interaction in various global challenges. The basic principles of business entities socio-economic interaction in the context of global challenges are identified, among which the principle of commonality and feedback; openness and transparency; responsibility, the principle of professionalism and efficiency; social justice and corporate responsibility; concentrating on short-term planning and moving some issues from long-term to short-term planning; the principle of strategicity and changes in long-term development strategies; the principle of ethics; innovation and creativity of interaction; the principle of globality and global security; the principle of systematics and pluralism; tolerance and inclusion; integrity; the principle of changing established ties due to global political instability; the principle of global community; dynamism; laying a higher level of risk; compliance with environmental regulations and the principle of minimizing conflicts and institutionalizing compromises during interaction. In the context of global challenges and shocks, businesses are encouraged to abandon socio-economic determinism and resort to creative, innovative interaction because in the context of global challenges, creativity, innovation, knowledge, access to information, the ability to interact in socio-behavioral constraints are powerful engines of development of states, business entities and individuals. Creative interaction should be a constantly changing concept based on creative forms of cooperation, the result of which is not only survival in global shocks and imbalances, but also the activities of economic entities capable of generating impact on economic growth and development.

Ground of mechanism of pay in a budget for the pipelinetransporting of hydrocarbon commodities

2019 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Adam Bodіuk
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
State Recognition ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Hydrocarbon Transport

The subject of the study is the mechanism for determining the fiscal fee forthe main transportation of hydrocarbon goods as a resource concept. The purposeof this article is to justify the nature and prospects of using, instead of currentrent, hydrocarbon fiscal-main income as a fiscal payment, which is brought intothe state budget by operators of the main hydrocarbon-transport system as business entities for their transportation of hydrocarbons and products of their processing through main pipelines appropriate to the economic requirements. Theresearch methodology is determined by a combination of methods: a) cognition:legal analysis (study of the regulatory framework for the use of rent); b) justification: abstract logical analysis (definition of the concepts of hydrocarbon fiscalmain income); c) generalization (substantiation of conclusions and proposals).Results of work. In the process of analyzing the regulatory legal acts that regulate the use of current annuity as payment to the budget for the main transportation of hydrocarbons, it was established that it is not a tax in the interpretationof PKU, since the essence does not meet the official definition of tax, does notmeet the accepted definition of the concept of rent. The accepted nature andmechanism of paying rent for the transportation of hydrogen resources and associated revenues of the state and users of the main hydrogen transport systemand the unpromising nature of its use as a fiscal payment are analyzed. Conclusions.It is proposed that the state pay for the territorial pumping of hydrocarbon resources according to our triple principle as hydrocarbon fiscal-main income, whichcorresponds to its essence, and accordingly change the mechanism for calculatingand depositing funds to treasury accounts. Since the funds come to the revenueside of the state budget, that is, inherently belong to state revenue. The creationof such a mechanism needs certain studies, justifications and government decisions. The same applies to land use, since the quality indicators of soils, wherethe laid pipelines are territorially different. In addition, there is a process ofchanging land for its intended purpose, for the property. The fee for movinghydrocarbon resources should be calculated depending on the type of transport,including pipelines, for a set of indicators: quantity and quality of goods, time,main tariffs and distance of its movement. The amount may be adjusted usingfactors officially established by the CMU. Since the pipelines are located in territorial lands, part of this fee should be transferred to the territorial local budgets.Theoretically, the economic use of trunk pipelines should be considered as a typeof economic environmental management. Therefore, this type of government revenue should be determined by a set of indicators, as well as taking into account the economic interests of business entities authorized by the CMU. Thus, theimplementation of our proposed fiscal payment is relevant, has scientific noveltyand promising practical significance, therefore, for state recognition it is proposedto include it in the Tax Code of Ukraine.

Denmark: experience of market turnover of agricultural land

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 317 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Ihor Yurchenko
Keyword(s):  
Structural Model ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Logical Scheme ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Danish Experience ◽  
The Right

The purpose of the article is to reveal the experience of the functioning of the market circulation of agricultural land in Denmark, in order to further implement in Ukrainian practice, the positive and avoid negative aspects of this experience. Research methods. The study used an empirical method (comprehensive assessment of the modern model of market turnover of agricultural land in Denmark); generalization and systematization (construction of the concept and logical-structural model of economic turnover of lands); abstract-logical method (theoretical generalizations and formulation of conclusions). Research results. It was found that the tightly regulated market turnover of agricultural land in Denmark was changed to a more liberal one, with permission to buy land for foreigners, but this not only did not attract investment as expected, but on the contrary, led to even more negative and crisis phenomena in country. The main tools, mechanisms and conditions of land turnover in agriculture of this country are determined. Scientific novelty. The main purpose of regulating the market turnover of land in Danish agriculture has been established. The legal framework of Denmark for regulating the market circulation of agricultural land has been studied. The structural and logical scheme of market circulation of agricultural lands is formed. The provisions on the Ukrainian model of regulating the market turnover of agricultural lands were further developed, taking into account the experience of the studied country. Practical significance. The results of the study of the experience of the Kingdom of Denmark on the market turnover of land, in terms of granting non-residents access to the right to purchase agricultural land, is a clear practical answer and a caveat that should undoubtedly be taken into account in Ukraine. The application of the Danish experience should help to build an effective model of market turnover of agricultural land in our country. Tabl.: 1. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 18.

scholarly journals COVID-19 as a Catalyst for the Transformation of Contractual and Enforcement Practices

Legal Concept ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Yuliya Tymchuk
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: the article provides an overview of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) on treaty and enforcement practices. The most common methods of conclusion of civil-law contracts, as well as problems of fulfillment of contractual conditions, which arose against the background of spread of coronavirus infection, are considered. Legislative innovations were analysed, which led to a change in the procedure for the execution of certain types of civil law contracts, court practice, in which the legal position of the parties was based on arguments about the coronavirus pandemic. Methods: this study used both public science (dialectical method of cognition, analysis, synthesis, formal-logical method, prognostic, etc.) and private science methods (formal-legal, method of legal interpretation, etc.). Results: it is justified to increase the demand for digital technologies in the context of measures taken by the state to prevent the spread of coronavirus infection. New trends in contract practice have been identified and considered. The possibilities of legal qualification of coronavirus as a force majeure, the circumstance that makes it impossible to fulfill obligations, a significant change of circumstances, including taking into account the available judicial practice at the time of writing, have been determined. Online settlement of disputes arising from non-performance of contractual obligations has been proved to be useful. Conclusions: based on the results of the study, the interdependence between the level of introduction of digital technologies into public administration, the judicial system, the economic activity of business entities and the possibility of adaptation to the conduct of current activities in these spheres in the context of the spread of the crown virus has been determined.

scholarly journals Peer Bonds in Urban School Communities: An Exploratory Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Nicole Leach
Keyword(s):  
Learning Communities ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
School Communities ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
Peer Associations ◽  
Peer Association ◽  
Dyadic Friendships ◽  
Potential Use

The literature identifies three main types of peer associations: cliques, crowds, and dyadic friendships. When schools create learning communities, an additional type of peer association may emerge that is not based on interactions but instead is based on membership in a shared community. The aim of this study is to qualitatively explore the nature and characteristics of this association, labeled peer bonds. Observational data (n=432) and semi-structured interviews (n=33) were collected in two urban high schools over the course of three academic years. Data were analyzed using the constant comparison method. Findings suggest that there are six characteristics of peer bonds: investment in peer success, shared identity, shared values, pedagogical caring, shared success, and shared failure. The scholarly significance of this study is the expansion of theoretical conceptualizations of peer associations in learning communities while the practical significance is the potential use of a largely underutilized source for academic interventions, peers, by creating school community.

scholarly journals THE LEGAL FATE OF THE OBJECTS PLACED IN AREAS WITH SPECIAL CONDITIONS FOR THE USE OF TERRITORIES IN VIOLATION OF ESTABLISHED RESTRICTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063-1077
Author(s):  
Marina S. Muravyeva
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Legal Grounds

The author considers the problem of placing buildings, structures and other objects in zones with special conditions for the use of territories in violation of the restrictions on the use of land plots established by law. Until August 2018, this issue was not regulated in the legislation, as well as the legal regime of protected zones and other zones with special conditions for the use of territories was not properly regulated. At the same time, the judicial practice on disputes over the demolition of these objects was not uniform. In connection with the adoption (in August 2018) of legislative acts affecting both the legal regulation of unauthorized buildings and regulation of the legal regime of zones with special conditions for the use of territories, the work makes attempts to analyze the current legislation, the main positions of the courts and understand the reasons that caused the adoption of new legislative acts. The author comes to the conclusion that at present the legal fate of objects located in zones with special conditions for the use of territories in violation of the restrictions established for land plots depends on a number of circumstances identified by the judicial authorities when considering disputes and having been enshrined in the norms of law. The methodological basis of the research is made up of general scientific (in particular, logical) and special legal (formal legal) methods of scientific knowledge. The logical method (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, analogy, etc.) made it possible to identify various legal grounds for the demolition of objects built in zones with special conditions for the use of territories in violation of the established restrictions. With the help of the formal legal method, the court practice of the applying the norms of civil legislation on unauthorized constructions in relation to the placement of objects in zones with special conditions for the use of territories was analyzed.

scholarly journals The Methodological Basis for Identifying and Estimating Precarity of Non-standard Employment

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Bobkov ◽  
Yelena Odintsova
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Aspect ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Precarious Employment ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Production Relations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the methodological foundations of identifying and assessing the precarity of non-standard employment.The Object of the Study is workers in precarious employment. The Subject of the Study is the production relations that characterize the economic and social situation of workers due to the development of flexible forms of employment. The Theoretical Aspect of the Study is the methodological basis for identifying the precarity of non-standard employment. The Empirical Aspect of the Study is the assessment of the spread of precarity of employment through the measurement of its indicators with the allocation of the level of precarity of non-standard forms of employment. The Purpose of the Article is ordering the conceptual apparatus of the study of precarious employment in the context of the interaction of production relations and the productive forces of up-to-date societies and assessing the impact of non-standard employment on the prevalence of precarity of employment. The Main Theoretical Provisions of the Article are associated with the methodological foundations of identification of the precarity of non-standard employment. The Empirical provisions are aimed at assessing the level of indicators of precarious employment caused by the development of non-standard employment.

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