scholarly journals Conceptual Approaches to the Problem of national Security Concept

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Ю. О. Загуменна
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
National Security ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Public Support ◽  
The State ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Special Protection

A comprehensive theoretical and legal study of the transformation of ideas about the nature of national security reform in domestic jurisprudence has been carried out. The author has defined the priorities and directions of the reform in the field of national security and, more importantly, its theoretical and methodological basis. It has been determined that the main object of the reform in the field of national security is the whole complex of public relations, which is subject to special protection by the system of entities of ensuring national security. The system of such social relations is centered around the defining national interests, which usually include the vital interests of a man, society and the state and the implementation of which ensures the state sovereignty, its progressive development, and safe living conditions and welfare of citizens. It has been noted that the main purpose of national security reform is to improve legislation and governance in the national security sector, which can provide qualitative strengthening in accordance with current and future needs of society to protect key national interests from external and internal real and potential threats. It has been concluded that national security is not considered in modern, both domestic and international science, exclusively as an “acquisition” and a sphere of monopoly responsibility of the state; we cannot eliminate the active participation of civil society structures, which should exercise public control over the course of such a reform and, if necessary, should have the tools of close communication with state authorities at the stage of initiating the reform, constructing its goals and objectives, directions and perspectives and at the stages of its implementation. Restriction of the capacity of the state, especially in times of economic crisis, highlights the need to optimize the participation of non-government actors in ensuring national security. Obviously, such activity of the non-governmental sector should be strongly encouraged by legislative instruments, legitimizing measures for national security reform through its close involvement and providing them with additional public support.

scholarly journals Factors-Threats to Information Security in the Extreme Transformations of the Russian State in the 20th Century

Lex Russica ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
A. V. Pogodin ◽  
A. V. Putintsev
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
National Security ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Space ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Security Issues

The authors of the paper make an attempt of a complex theoretical and historical analysis of factorsthreats to the national security of Russia in the information space. Within the framework of the problem statement, the urgency of the study of national security issues within the framework of the general theory of state and law is substantiated, the features forming the concept of a factor-threat to national security are developed. The attention is focused on the role of passionate personalities in the processes of destabilization of society. It is hypothesized that a two-tier structure of the information space as an object of information security, including deep (ideology) and surface levels, the modeled relationships between processes occurring at these levels. Analyzing the periods of extreme transformations of the Russian statehood (revolutions of 1917 and perestroika), the authors find the connection between the efficiency of political processes regulation and the presence of changes in the information space. It is suggested that there is a stable connection between legal regulation, scientific and technological progress and the state of protection of national interests. The emergence or increase in the availability of new technical means of disseminating information to the population inevitably leads to a lag in the regulation of relevant public relations, which, combined with certain political and social factors, jeopardizes national security. The forecast of development of a situation in the short-term prospect is given taking into account the development of the Internet. As a conclusion, the authors propose to focus on the development of a new model of information security regulation, based on the awareness of the loss of the effectiveness of traditional means and methods of legal regulation, which the state had previously. Having lost the monopoly on control over the surface level of information space, the state can and should ensure stability at the level of ideology.

scholarly journals National security as a dynamic component of the strategy of sustainable development of the state

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 342-347
Author(s):  
Svitlana Tiutchenko ◽  
Alina Varyanichenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Private Property ◽  
The State ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Dynamic Component ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
The Individual

The article deals with definition and national security of Ukraine at the present stage of formation of the state as one of the vectors of the Sustainable Development Strategy. The authors have identified and substantiated new views on the methodology of national security and ways to ensure under the Strategy of Sustainable Development of the country. On the basis of the conducted researches the conclusions concerning definition of national security of Ukraine and ways of its maintenance have been made. According to the authors’ approach, national security has been defined as a dynamic component of the strategic development of the state, the purpose of which is to ensure the security of the state, business and citizens, security of investment and private property, peace and border protection. The main structural elements of security are: institutional security, security of the regulatory subsystem, security of the functional-communicative subsystem and spiritual and ideological security. The interests or goals that need to be achieved on the path of development are considered as a constant value, and the threats are dynamic and change depending on the way of choosing to achieve interests. The basis of Ukraine's national security is the national interest, which is a set of internal and external needs of the state in ensuring the security and progressive development of the individual, society and the state. The bearer of the national interests of the state is the Ukrainian people. National interests are achieved through the execution of public administration in the security process.

scholarly journals Features of Establishment of the Ukrainian Local Orthodox Church in Conditions of Ongoing Russian Agression

2018 ◽  
pp. 722-732
Author(s):  
Serhii Zdioruk
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
The State ◽  
Rite Of Passage ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
Ukrainian Society ◽  
Modern Russian

The essence and need for the establishment of the Ukrainian Local Orthodox Church are revealed. It shows a direct correlation between the assertion of independence of Ukrainian Orthodoxy from the Moscow Patriarchate and the consolidation of Ukrainian society and the strengthening of national security of Ukraine. A dangerous challenge for the Ukrainian people is that we were forced to realize our ethno-religious identity not through world structures (the Vatican, the Ecumenical Patriarchate, and so on), but through Russian Orthodox fundamentalism, obscurantism, and primitive rite of passage, as a result of the inadequate policy of our guides for decades after the restoration of state independence. The article shows the threats to the national interests and national security of the state created by the activities of the Moscow Patriarchate in Ukraine. Russia now considers the use of inter-Orthodox relations as one of the effective mechanisms against the consolidation of the Ukrainian people for the approval of the Ukrainian local Orthodox Church. It is stated that as a result of the deconsolidation of the Ukrainian Orthodox community, Ukraine will lose the potential of Ukrainian citizens. It is noted that the assertion of the Ukrainian local Orthodox Church is equal to the establishment of the national Church, regardless of other foreign religious centres. The recommendations suggest measures, in particular legislative ones, for the democratic settlement of public-religious and state-Church relations in order to consolidate Ukrainian society. They should help ensure the realization of the national interests of the Ukrainian people in the conditions of modern Russian aggression. Keywords: Ukrainian Local Orthodox Church, national interests of Ukraine, Russian aggression, hybrid war, establishment, international religious relations.

scholarly journals New institutional challenges to the educational space: security as a criterion for development in the conditions of digitalization

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Sergei Vladimirovich Rabkin
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Sociocultural Processes ◽  
Institutional Challenges ◽  
The Impact

The subject of this research is the institutional transformations of educational space associated with the global processes of digitalization of social relations, as well as internal factors in cooperation between society and the state with regards to determination of the criteria of security for their development. Using the general methodology of institutional analysis, methods of analogy and summary, as well as interdisciplinary approach towards studying the educational space, the author considers the questions of implementation of digital education technologies under the conditions of current sociocultural transformations. Special attention is turned to the balance between rational and immaterial factors that affect the formation of modern educational space, and thereby, specification of the new institutional challenges to the security of social development. The conducted analysis of the problems of implementation of such technologies in the system of higher education leads to the conclusion on the need for assessing the effectiveness of implementation of digital technologies in accordance with the institutional criteria that imply not only the impact of both, rational and immaterial factors of social development. The institutional nature of these factors is insufficiently studied, however determines the possibility of application of cognitive models in solution of the tasks aimed at ensuring national security in the conditions of digitalization of sociocultural processes. Therefore, the crucial institutional criterion that defines the effectiveness of implementation of digital technologies in the educational space consists in its security in all regards. The proposed institutional-criteria approach allows the state and society to focus on ensuring security of the educational space in the context of solution of relevant tasks of ensuring national security of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Prioritising Training and People-oriented Security Education for Effective Policing in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Chibuzor Chile Nwobueze ◽  
James Okolie-Osemene ◽  
Ndu John Young
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
National Security ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Organised Crime ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
Security Education ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

Currently, Nigeria’s security sector needs effective policing considering the spate of insecurity and frustrated relationship between the citizens and the police. Consequently, some officers are seen as dishonest and agents of complicity. Unlike most parts of the world where the people love, support the police, Nigeria still records threats to police-public relations owing to the attitudes of some officers who tarnish the image of the security agency through uncivilised, inhuman and unlawful acts while on duty and beyond. With qualitative data, this paper explores how training and people-oriented security education can enhance effective policing for a more secure Nigeria. This paper argues that police effectiveness should no longer be hinged only on equipping officers for counter-terrorism or establishment of special units to eradicate organised crime, but also on training them on weekly/monthly basis to respond to rapidly emerging threats to national security and trainings on enhancing collaborative police-public relations.

Ukraine as a Society of Risk (Proof Based on the Theory of National Security)

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-52
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Smolianiuk ◽  
Mykola Balan
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
The State ◽  
Risk Society ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Security Strategy ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Military Security ◽  
Hybrid War

The purpose of the article. Identify the nature of challenges, threats, dangers and risks as destructive factors of social, man-made and natural origin; to prove the priority of the category “threat” as a kind of risk in the domestic legislation on national security; to argue the thesis about Ukraine’s belonging to “risk societies”; point to the further complication of the process of producing various threats and challenges against the state and society. Scientific novelty. Based on the use of the current legal framework of Ukraine on national security, the existence of a process of continuous accumulation of risks in key areas of the state and the transformation of Ukrainian society on this basis into a “society of risk” is proved. Emphasis is placed on accelerating this process in the context of the hybrid war launched by Russia against Ukraine in 2014. Social development dictates the need for a clear verbal designation of destructive factors against the interests of the majority (national interests). The terms describing their likely or real impact on society were “challenges”, “threats”, “dangers” and “risks”. The natural step of their substantive definition and meaningful filling was their implementation in the conceptual and categorical apparatus of national security theory. In a broad sense, national security is proposed to be considered a state of protection of national interests and values, both from challenges, threats and dangers, and risks. The most widely used term in Ukraine’s socio-political realities is the “threat” that is widely represented in national legislation on national security. The total number of threats in modern Ukraine is steadily increasing. According to Western analytical developments, the excessive spread of threats in basic social spheres (economic, political, social, spiritual, cultural, etc.) gives reason to qualify Ukraine as a “risk society”. The situation is complicated by the hybrid war being waged by the Russian Federation against Ukraine and other democratic countries. It is advisable to present the modern hostilities initiated by Russia as a process of continuous production of threats (risks), the total effect of which should be the destruction of the Ukrainian statehood. In such circumstances, Ukraine should accelerate the process of development (updating) and practical implementation of key strategic documents – the National Security Strategy, the Military Security Strategy, the Cyber Security Strategy, the Public Security and Civil Defense Strategy, the Strategy for the Development of the Defense Industrial Complex. But for the time being, such documents are either substantially outdated or missing at all. Conclusions. Society, based on its complex nature, built on unity and the struggle of opposites, feels the constant impact of challenges, threats and dangers (risks), which it generates. There are no unified and generally accepted interpretations of challenges, threats, dangers and risks. Each country offers its own formats of their interaction and mutual transformation. The most widely used of these are “threats” (Ukraine) and “risks” (Western countries). The total number of risks in which Ukraine is directly or indirectly involved is steadily progressing. Accordingly, modern Ukraine is a clearly defined “society of risks.” Under the pressure of numerous challenges, threats and dangers, Ukraine as a “society of risks” abandons the unambiguous (linear) formulation of threats to national security inherent in specific public spheres, and their legislative consolidation. The state provides for the preparation and periodic updating of a number of strategies (national security, military security, cybersecurity, other documents), which should contain a list of major threats that currently exist in state and social development. Key words: challenge, threat, danger, risk, national security, hybridization of threats, risk society.

To the Issue of Bringing Legal Definitions in the Normative Legal Regulation of National Security and Its Individual Types into a Single System: Legal and Theoretical Dimension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A. Kolotkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
National Security ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Legal Space ◽  
Industry Affiliation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The article deals with the issues related to the definition of the essence, role and meaning of legal definitions in the regulatory legal regulation of national security. The author emphasizes the uniqueness of the phenomenon of national security, which acts as a guarantor of ensuring the national interests of the state, society, and the individual and as a basis for the unhindered implementation of the strategic national priorities of the state. It is possible to ensure these interests and implement strategic priorities by creating an effective legal regulation that includes various legal means, as well as regulatory requirements. An important role in the regulatory legal regulation is played by legal definitions, which contain definitions of concepts that act as integral elements of the legal basis for ensuring national security. It is indicated that legal definitions of concepts are generally binding and contribute to the formation of a single legal space. It is stated that the current Federal Law «On Security» does not contain a legislative definition of key concepts in the field of national security. The article raises the problem of unification of the conceptual and categorical apparatus in the field of ensuring national security, through the adoption of fundamental documents of strategic planning. The author attempts to evaluate the legal definitions in the field under consideration in terms of their universality and industry affiliation, the problems of the completeness of their textual expression, as well as the state policy implemented in the field of national security. The author proposes the formulation of the concept «national security», which could become the basis for adjusting the legal definitions of certain types of national security, enshrined in legislative acts and strategic planning documents. The functions of legal definitions in the regulatory legal regulation of national security are identified and disclosed.

MIGRATION AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN MONGOLIA IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Irina V. Imideeva ◽  
◽  
Nandinceza Boldbaatar ◽  
Nikita S. Ryazantsev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Territorial Integrity ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Demographic Policy

The aim of the study is to analyze the factors of Mongolia's national security in the context of the country's security and approaches to the implementation of demographic policy. The object of the study is the demographic processes in Mongolia during the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of ensuring the country's national security. The subject of the study is the measures taken by the state authorities of Mongolia during the COVID-19 pandemic to protect national interests from internal and external threats, the patterns and principles of implementing and ensuring the national security of the state in the context of solving the country's demographic problems. The most important element of the stability of the national security of the state is demographic security, as it is responsible for the process of reproduction of the country's population, in quantitative and qualitative terms. The approach of the Mongolian state in the context of a pandemic is aimed at protecting every citizen, society and country as a whole from internal and external threats, which allows maintaining the sovereignty, sustainable socio-economic and demographic development, territorial integrity of Mongolia. The study analyzed demographic processes during the COVID-19 pandemic, including fertility, mortality, migration, nuptiality and divorce. The features of migration processes during the COVID-19 pandemic are considered, including the return of Mongolian citizens to their homeland through channels organized by the state — export flights. The links between the socio-economic situation and changes in the demographic sphere in the country are revealed. The key risks in the development of demographic processes in Mongolia during the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting the sustainability of national security, have been identified. Based on the results obtained, measures are proposed to strengthen the demographic policy in Mongolia.

Who follows whom? A coincidence analysis of military action, public opinion and threats

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Haesebrouck
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Causal Connection ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Military Action ◽  
The Public

Does public opinion act as a constraint on military action, are ordinary citizens the easily manipulated targets of the public relations efforts of their governments, or does the general public react as assertively to threats as decisionmakers? This article examines the causal connection between military action, public opinion and threats. Empirically, it focuses on the pattern of EU member state participation in two recent military operations: the 2011 intervention in Libya and the operation against the self-proclaimed Islamic State (IS). Three competing causal models on the relationship between threats, public opinion and military action were derived from the scholarly literature and tested with coincidence analysis. The results of the analysis show that public opinion acted as a constraint on executives during the Libya operation. However, there was no direct causal link between public opinion and military participation in the operation against IS, in which both military action and public support were an effect of threat. More generally, the results suggest that the context of the intervention is decisive for the relation between threat, military action and public support. More specifically, whether public opinion constitutes a constraint on military action or is an effect of threats to national interests depends on whether these threats are clear and tangible.

scholarly journals CONCEPT AND CONTENT OF MILITARY SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE LIGHT OF MODERN CHALLENGES AND THREATS

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Y. Lutsenko
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Military Security ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
State Defense ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Military

The article provides a scientific analysis of the problems that exist in the sphere of national security of Ukraine. The problems in the sphere of state security of Ukraine are investigated, the concept and content of military security of Ukraine are considered in the light of modern challenges and threats. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the presence of military security, many tasks can be solved to ensure national security and create the necessary conditions for the stable development of political, economic, social, environmental, spiritual, intellectual, demographic fundamentals of society's life. The work emphasizes that military security can not be achieved only through the organization of state defense, and is a complex category, which is closely connected with many spheres of social relations and life of the state. It is noted that military security is the foundation of national security, the basis of the country's independence. In connection with this, the military security of Ukraine as one of the priority (basic) types of national security of the state can not be considered separately from the development of political, economic, social processes both on the European continent and around the world, and some features of the geopolitical situation In many cases, the directions and tasks of Ukraine's foreign policy are determined near its borders.

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