scholarly journals MODERN CONDITION AND DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES OF THE TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Komchatnykh ◽  
Svitlana Petrovska ◽  
Nataliia Redko
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
Modern Condition

The article considers modern condition and development perspectives of transport at whole and the transport infrastructure of Ukraine. The basis of the country transport complex makes up its infrastructure, it joins manufacturing, users, suppliers and partners. Developed infrastructure affects not only effective and timely delivery of the products, but provides for decreased transport expenses. The beneficial geographical position of Ukraine, crossing the main transit ways between Europe and Asia, presence of active Black Sea ports, developed network of railroads, car roads and pipelines throughout the latitudinal and meridian directions create all predispositions for the transport branch development. The studies of the Ukrainian transport infrastructure and transport condition during last years evidence about non-stable dynamics, which is mainly related to economical and geopolitical crisis in the country as well as the COVID 19 consequences. Analysis of the freight transport by transport kinds shows increased volumes of car transport with decreased railway transport. The rise of the car transport share is connected to its advantages: mobility, possibility of delivery exactly to the destination, high speed of delivery, flexibility of the route choice, wide range of the shipment as well as provision of logistic services by cars. Exacerbation in the East has considerably decreased number of contracts between Ukrainian shipping companies and international partners related to the international transportation. First of all, the situation provides for decreased transportation volumes on the territory of Ukraine. The level of transport services to economic system and population of Ukraine is significantly lower than that one in the developed countries of the world. According to the car road characteristics, Ukraine has long been behind not only the countries of Western Europe, but many post-Soviet countries. A necessary condition of the effective development and managing crisis in the transport branch, particularly that caused by the COVID 19 pandemics, is development and modernizing transport infrastructure of Ukraine according to the modern technological requirements. This will provide for uniform development of all regions of Ukraine, improved population life quality, development of trade and tourism as well as creation of new economic opportunities by attracting foreign investment.

scholarly journals Modern high-speed transportation trends in the context of Ukraine’s european integration policy: problem definition

2019 ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Studinski ◽  
Iryna Dovgopol
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The World

The article reveals the problem issues of development of transport communication links in the system of European integration policy of Ukraine.  In today's conditions of integration development, the role of transport is constantly growing not only as a means of transportation but also as a necessary condition for the development of social, in particular, economic, relations. Ukraine is in the system of transport networks connecting Western, Central Europe with the Eastern part of it, and also historically important in the conjunctions of the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea basin. Therefore, considering Ukraine in the system of European integration policy, it becomes clear that one of the important directions of development is the transport sphere itself. It is worth agreeing with the opinion of domestic experts that the sphere of transport itself plays a significant role in the economy of the country, mediating the process of exchange of goods both on the domestic and foreign markets. Modern trends in the development of vehicles, transport technologies, transport management provide an opportunity to significantly expand the geography of transportation, increase the volume of transport services and innovate approach to the development of own transport infrastructure. Innovative technologies in the field of transport contribute to radical changes not only in the views of trends in the development of advanced technologies, but also the real creation of new vehicles, or the embodiment of the ancient dreams of humanity to move on land for long distances at high speeds. One of these trends is Hyperloop - a draft of a kind of vacuum traction that was proposed by American engineers at the beginning of the 21st century. The project has already gained its commitment in many countries around the world: the USA, China, India, OAU, France, Germany, South Korea, Ukraine and other countries. On the one hand, such a project seems utopian, and on the other - its implementation will encourage new approaches in the transport system and the links between different regions and cities of the European continent in particular. It will also contribute to further deepening integration ties in Europe and the world by means of transport.

scholarly journals Comparing Trains Operated in Western Europe from Passenger Viewpoint

2018 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 00008
Author(s):  
Jan Lizbetin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Satisfaction Survey ◽  
Transport Service ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Passenger Satisfaction

This paper provides a comparative analysis of trains used on high-speed railways in Western Europe. The analysis is based on a passenger satisfaction survey of transport service quality on said trains. The survey was carried out en route by interviews with passengers. The second part of the survey consisted in questionnaire where passengers expressed levels of satisfaction with different quality factors in rail transport and in their own opinion, they assessed the importance of the specific quality factors having an influence on user satisfaction with transport services. The survey was carried out in Germany, France, Belgium, Netherlands and Switzerland.

scholarly journals International transport corridors and transborder movement of fictitious capital

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 03013
Author(s):  
Daria Dinets ◽  
Albert Dzhavrshian
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Fictitious Capital ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
National Capital ◽  
International Transport ◽  
Negative Role

The paper is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of international transport corridors as a provider of ideas and instruments of liberalization aimed at assigning transport infrastructure to transnational corporations under the auspices of the development of integration processes and their transport service. To achieve the goal of the study, the authors analyzed a wide range of theoretical and empirical data illustrating the claims of Western and, most recently, Eastern multinational corporations on the sovereignty of Russian infrastructure industries. If international transport corridors include transit through Russia, then participation in them takes the form of export of transport services. At the same time, if investments in infrastructure development are foreign, then the type of income for such operations can be considered as a land rent, since the benefits depend only on the ownership of large or small land plots. The article shows the logical transition from this conclusion to the conclusion about the formation of fictitious capital of Russian infrastructure industries as a result of their inclusion in the activities of international transport corridors. The second hypothesis, which is need to be proved or disproved, is the negative role of UTLC (United Transport and Logistics Company) in achieving rational and fair management of container transportations within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Summarizing the two lines of the study, the authors concluded that there are risks for national capital and qualitative indicators of the development of infrastructure industries as a result of the active development of international transport corridors.

Nonlinear evolution of subsonic and supersonic disturbances on a compressible free shear layer

1991 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 551-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Leib
Keyword(s):  
Shear Layer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Equilibrium Solution ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Instability Wave ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Free Shear Layer ◽  
Equilibrium Solutions ◽  
Instability Modes ◽  
Wide Range

We consider the effects of a nonlinear–non-equilibrium–viscous critical layer on the spatial evolution of subsonic and supersonic instability modes on a compressible free shear layer. It is shown that the instability wave amplitude is governed by an integro-differential equation with cubic-type nonlinearity. Numerical and asymptotic solutions to this equation show that the amplitude either ends in a singularity at a finite downstream distance or reaches an equilibrium value, depending on the Prandtl number, viscosity law, viscous parameter and a real parameter which is determined by the linear in viscid stability theory. A necessary condition for the existence of the equilibrium solution is derived, and whether or not this condition is met is determined numerically for a wide range of physical parameters including both subsonic and supersonic disturbances. It is found that no equilibrium solution exists for the subsonic modes unless the temperature ratio of the low-to high-speed streams exceeds a critical value, while equilibrium solutions for the most rapidly growing supersonic mode exist over most of the parameter range examined.

scholarly journals Engaging Multiple Actors in Large-Scale Transport Infrastructure Project Appraisal: An Application of MAMCA to the Case of HS2 High-Speed Rail

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Cornet ◽  
Merrill Jones Barradale ◽  
Henrik Gudmundsson ◽  
Michael Bruhn Barfod
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Appraisal Process ◽  
Project Appraisal ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multiple Actors

The most widespread approach to transport appraisal is to combine cost-benefit analysis (CBA) with environmental assessments and public consultations. However, large-scale transport projects such as the HS2 high-speed rail system in the UK seem to have pushed this approach beyond its limits, leading to broad discontent with the appraisal process. There is a need both to develop new methods capable of integrating a wide range of perspectives in a systematic manner and to test these for large-scale projects. Multicriteria analysis (MCA) has proven useful in supporting transport decision-making by including a broader set of criteria in the appraisal process. Multiactor multicriteria analysis (MAMCA) has extended this approach to include multiple actors and stakeholders in the judgment and decision-making process. This paper builds on the MAMCA method and demonstrates its practicability and usability by applying it to the case of HS2. The purpose of this paper is not to reach a definitive conclusion on the desirability of various project options, but to complement existing transport appraisal methods by making different perspectives explicit. For example, the results for this case show contrasting views for different groups of transport professionals: a favorable assessment of HS2 among transport planners employed in government, but an unfavorable assessment among transport researchers with a background in sustainability. In terms of contribution to the development of data collection methods, this research demonstrates the usefulness of conducting semistructured interviews in conjunction with an online questionnaire for the assessment and weighting process within MCA. Because MCA results are expressed in terms of relative desirability of projects, the approach also effectively systematizes the inclusion and assessment of multiple options. Overall, the proposed method enhances the capacity to analyze conflicting views in large-scale transport project appraisal processes.

scholarly journals Perspectives for the development of high-speed transport

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Liana M. Chechenova ◽  
Yuriy V. Egorov ◽  
Natalia V. Volykhina
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Effective Development ◽  
High Level

Global socio-economic trends require a dramatic acceleration of transport links. The creation of new high-speed transport systems is an urgent task, the success of the solution of which largely determines the improvement of the quality of life and the trade and economic development of states, regions, cities. The main strategic goal of the development of the transport system is to meet the needs of society, taking into account the value of time and using innovative factors focused on the effective development of a competitive environment, offering quality transport services based on developed infrastructure, and a high level of application of innovative techniques and technologies. The Russian railways as a transport system need a good restructuring due to the fact that its qualitative characteristics, especially infrastructure, are not able to efficiently solve the existing problems of the global economy. The aim of this article is to study perspective trends for the development of the railway sector in the context of digitalization of the economy.

scholarly journals Investigation of the sintering kinetic and development of ceramic masses for obtaining large-format porcelain stoneware in the conditions of high-speed firing

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 160-174
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Fedorenko ◽  
M. I. Ryshchenko ◽  
S. V. Kartyshev ◽  
L. O. Yashchenko ◽  
O. Ya. Pitak
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Large Format ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acicular Mullite

The paper considers the resource and energy saving reserves in the production of large-format stoneware slabs. The possibility of replacing high-quality feldspars with materials of technogenic origin, such as the extraction and processing waste of various feldspar-bearing rocks of domestic deposits has been investigated. The possibility of sintering process intensification has been investigated, as a condition for the use of high-speed firing modes in the stoneware production. As a result of the carried out studies, the kinetic features of ceramic masses sintering with alkaline syenites, granites and pegmatite enrichment wastes as fluxing component were determined. The formation conditions of densely sintered materials with a complex of high operational properties have been determined. The expediency of replacing Turkish feldspars with waste products of alkaline syenites has been established, while the level of physical, mechanical and operational properties of stoneware slabs meets the requirements of international standards. It is shown that, the use of complex flux, including feldspar-bearing rocks waste and dolomite, provides a significant decrease in the firing temperature of products (up to 1150 °C) while maintaining a high level of properties of stoneware slabs of class BІa. The obtained data indicate the possibility of optimizing the heat treatment parameters from the view point of energy saving with the further use of alternative fluxes in the large-format stoneware production. On the example of using the alkaline syenites wastes, the optimal ratios of the clay and fluxing components of ceramic masses have been established to obtain products with a complex of high performance characteristics when burning white clays of different chemical and mineral composition, which is a necessary condition for using a wide range of decorating techniques stoneware slabs. The structural-phase features of materials obtained under the conditions of high-speed firing are established: the formation of finely dispersed acicular mullite, which plays the role of a reinforcing component, as well as high structural homogeneity and maximum compaction, as evidenced by a few individual small pores presence. The combination of excellent technical qualities and large dimensions opens up new possibilities for the use of stoneware slabs as structural elements (countertops, ventilated facades, insulating panels for the installation of electrical systems, etc.).

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT OF THE RUSSIAN CITIES’ TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 698-707
Author(s):  
E. A. Safronov ◽  
K. E. Safronov
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Route Network ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Passenger Flows ◽  
Foreign Science

Introduction.The problems of congestion, ecology, and road safety in most of Russia’s major cities have been accumulated in the paper. Strategic planning documents aimed at updating the gene plan, improving the transport and route network, improving traffic safety, improving environmental performance and accessibility for people with disabilities are sent for such important problems solution. The paper presents the results of the scientific research conducted in large cities of Russia. Moreover, the review of the literature is presented, and the achievements of foreign science are taken into account.Materials and methods. Modern approaches to improving the system of public transport are given, the efficiency of high-speed transport modes, the organization of transport services for the disabled and low-mobility groups, traffic safety, ecology, and the implementation of the “Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation until 2030” are approved. As a criterion for the efficiency of improving the transport infrastructure, the level of its loading by various modes of transport is used.Results.The problems of influence of the city form on the formation of the transport frame, of the density of settlement and of the efficiency of urban development are considered. New methods of predicting the transport demand of the population, the level of the transport systems’ development and assessing accessibility are proposed. Therefore, the developed algorithms and recommendations for reducing the volume of transport infrastructure helps to improve its performance and availability. Such effect is achieved through the redistribution of transport and passenger flows between different modes of transport.Discussion and conclusion.The authors comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to improve the regulatory and methodological base of the transport industry constantly, improving the performance of the transport infrastructure of modern cities.

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

Reducing the Risks of the Financial Sector to Ensure Sustainable Growth of the Russian Еconomy

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
T. I. Minina ◽  
V. V. Skalkin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Impact

Russia’s entry into the top five economies of the world depends, among other things, on the development of the financial sector, being a necessary condition for the economic growth of a developed macroeconomic and macro-financial system. The financial sector represents a system of relationships for the effective collection and distribution of economic resources, their deployment according to public demand, reducing the risk of overproduction and overheating of the economy.Therefore, the subject of the research is the financial sector of the Russian economy.The purpose of the research was to formulate an approach to alleviating the risks of increasing financial costs in the real sector of the economy by reducing the impact of endogenous risks expressed as financial asset “bubbles” using the experience of developed countries in the monetary policy.The paper analyzes a macroeconomic model applied to the financial sector. It is established that the economic growth is determined by the growth and, more important, the qualitative development of the financial sector, which leads to two phenomena: overproduction in the real sector and an increase in asset prices in the financial sector, with a debt load in both the real and financial sectors. This results in decreasing the interest rate of the mega-regulator to near-zero values. In this case, since the mechanisms of the conventional monetary policy do not work, the unconventional monetary policy is used when the mega-regulator buys out derivative financial instruments from systemically important institutions. As a conclusion, given deflationally low rates, it is proposed that the megaregulator should issue its own derivative financial instruments and place them in the financial market.

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