scholarly journals STRUCTURAL-LOGICAL MODEL OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF THE REGIONAL LEVEL IN THE CONDITIONS OF LIMITED OPERATIONAL POSSIBILITIES OF EMERGENCIES OF EMERGENCIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (157) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
V. Andronov ◽  
O. Burmenko ◽  
О. Soshinskiy ◽  
R. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Logical Model ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Operational Capabilities ◽  
Control Circuits ◽  
Operational Capacity

The problem of formation of structural-logical model of emergency management of regional level in the conditions of limited operational possibilities of emergency rescue divisions is considered in the work. The analysis of the current state of the issue of forecasting the effectiveness of emergency rescue units allowed to identify the existing problem in the field of civil defense, namely the lack of adequate mathematical apparatus that would form short-term and long-term forecasts of the dynamics of operational capacity and operational capacity of rescue units based on constantly changing information on the number and quality of regional hazards. The authors believe that this issue can be solved by forming a comprehensive expert-statistical methodology, which in turn is based on the modern idea of the emergency management process in a complex natural-technogenic-social transformations. The study examines the sequence of work on management decisions in terms of limited operational capabilities and formed a range of functional limitations that allows to clearly define the information field of the structural-logical model of emergency management and parameterize direct and feedback within the latter. Structural and logical model of emergency management at the regional level in terms of limited operational capabilities of emergency rescue units, consists of two control circuits: general circuit (sufficient) and additional (limited) circuit, which operates in case of limited operational capabilities of emergency rescue units. It consists of eight blocks, namely: establishing the fact of the existence of limitations of operational capabilities of rescue units, clarification and assessment of the situation in the emergency zone, preparation of management decisions, preparation of proposals for additional forces, application of the latest methods of operational capacity funds, organization of return of additional forces and means to the cities of permanent deployment. The practical significance of the results is the ability to develop, based on the existing structural and logical model of emergency management at the regional level in terms of limited operational capabilities of rescue units, a method of calculating operational capacity and operational capacity of the territorial unit, based on existing and forecast potential levels, man-made, social and military nature and take into account their interaction. Keywords: emergency situation, operational potential, operational ability, structural-logical model, emergency management.

Natural Hazards Governance in Russia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Badina ◽  
Boris Porfiriev
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Russian Federation

A major implication of the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 involved the radical transformation of the national security system. Its fundamentally militaristic paradigm focused on civil defense to prepare and protect communities against the strikes of conventional and nuclear warheads. It called for a more comprehensive and balanced civil protection policy oriented primarily to the communities’ and facilities’ preparedness and response to natural hazards impact and disasters. This change in policy was further catalyzed by the catastrophic results of the major disasters in the late 1980s, such as the Chernobyl nuclear power plant explosion of 1986 and the Armenian earthquake of 1988. As a result, in 1989, a specialized body was organized, the State Emergency Commission at the USSR Council of Ministers. A year later in the Russian Federation (at that time a part of the Soviet Union), an analogous commission was established. In 1991, it was reorganized into the State Committee for Civil Defense, Emergency Management, and Natural Disasters Response at the request of the president of the Russian Federation (EMERCOM). In 1994, this was replaced by the much more powerful Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Management, and Natural Disasters Response (which kept the abbreviation EMERCOM). In the early 21st century, this ministry is the key government body responsible for (a) development and implementation of the policy for civil defense and the regions’ protection from natural and technological hazards and disasters, and (b) leading and coordinating activities of the federal executive bodies in disaster policy areas within the Russian Federation’s Integrated State System for Emergency Prevention and Response (EPARIS). In addition, as well as in the former Soviet Union, the scientific and research organizations’ efforts to collect relevant data, monitor events, and conduct field and in-house studies to reduce the risk of disasters is crucially important. The nature of EPARIS is mainly a function of the geographic characteristics of the Russian Federation. These include the world’s largest national territory, which is vastly extended both longitudinally and latitudinally, a relatively populous Arctic region, large mountain systems, and other characteristics that create high diversity in the natural environment and combinations of natural hazards. Meanwhile, along with the natural conditions of significant size and a multiethnic composition of the population, distinctive features of a historical development path and institutional factors also contribute to diversity of settlement patterns, a high degree of economic development, and a level and quality of human life both within and between the regions of Russia. For instance, even within one of the region’s urbanized areas with a high-quality urban environment and developed socioeconomic institutions, neighboring communities exist with a traditional lifestyle and economic relations, primitive technological tools, and so on (e.g., indigenous small ethnic groups of the Russian North, Siberia, and the Far East). The massive spatial disparity of Russia creates different conditions for exposure and vulnerability of the regions to natural hazards’ impacts on communities and facilities, which has to be considered while preparing, responding to, and recovering from disasters. For this reason, EMERCOM’s organizational structure includes a central (federal) headquarters as well as Central, Northwestern, Siberian, Southern, and Moscow regional territorial branches and control centers for emergency management in all of the 85 administrative entities (subjects) of the Russian Federation. Specific features of both the EMERCOM territorial units and ministries and EPARIS as a whole coping with disasters are considered using the 2013 catastrophic flood in the Amur River basin in the Far East of Russia as a case study.

scholarly journals Study on Evaluation Model of Emergency Rescue Capability of Chemical Accidents Based on PCA-BP

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jianghong Liu ◽  
Junfeng Wu ◽  
Weisi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Index System ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Chemical Accidents ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Model Based

The emergency management of chemical accidents plays an important role in preventing the expansion of chemical accidents. In recent years, the evaluation and research of emergency management of chemical accidents has attracted the attention of many scholars. However, as an important part of emergency management, the professional rescue team of chemicals has few evaluation models for their capabilities. In this study, an emergency rescue capability assessment model based on the PCA-BP neural network is proposed. Firstly, the construction status of 11 emergency rescue teams for chemical accidents in Shanghai is analyzed, and an index system for evaluating the capabilities of emergency rescue teams for chemicals is established. Secondly, the principal component analysis (PCA) is used to perform dimension reduction and indicators’ weight acquisition on the original index system to achieve an effective evaluation of the capabilities of 11 rescue teams. Finally, the indicators after dimensionality reduction are used as the input neurons of the backpropagation (BP) neural network, the characteristic data of eight rescue teams are used as the training set, and the comprehensive scores of three rescue teams are used for verifying the generalization ability of the evaluation model. The result shows that the proposed evaluation model based on the PCA-BP neural network can effectively evaluate the rescue capability of the emergency rescue teams for chemical accidents and provide a new idea for emergency rescue capability assessment.

Expressway Event Management Expert System Based on Ontology and Rule Reasoning

2012 ◽  
Vol 601 ◽  
pp. 361-368
Author(s):  
Zong Xiao Yang ◽  
Tian Xiao ◽  
Lei Song ◽  
Guan Qiang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Predicate Logic ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Management Expert

Response and decision-making support in expressway emergency management and rescue greatly affects some key factors like emergency rescue plan, emergency duration time, effect range, economy and time loss. Experts system is a kind of intelligent program, using knowledge and reasoning to solve the complex problem that only experts can work out, it is a popular and efficient decision-support means, has some practical features that manual way cannot compare with and offers a modem scientific measure in incident management. Expert system can provide high-efficiency, rapid, exact and powerful assistance in decision support. In order to deal with various possible emergencies promptly and efficiently and therefore ensure the safety and unblocked state of the expressway, develop the expert system has become a trend of emergency rescue and management. In expert system,The knowledge representation is the key basic issues has the important influence to construction of the knowledge base and the reasoning of the expert system. So there has the practical significance to further research on knowledge representation of expressway accident management system, According to features of different knowledge, in exsiting expert systems different knowledge representation methods were adopted such as frame, production rule, procedure, first-order predicate logic, etc. This paper focus on the ontology’s application in the field of expressway emergency rescue and propose a expressway event managemnet expert system based on ontology and rule reasoning.

Logic Analysis of Event-Based Emergency Handling

2011 ◽  
Vol 105-107 ◽  
pp. 1073-1076
Author(s):  
Jin Jun Yuan ◽  
Quan Yi Huang ◽  
Hong Yong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
On Line ◽  
Event Based

Event-based emergency handling is a high-efficiency decision process of the choice of emergency information resources, the acquisition of emergency knowledge, and the optimizing arrangement of emergency information resources through the logical relationships between emergencies and related emergency information resources. With the development of emergency rescue theory and computer science and technology, the realization of emergency management informatization and intellectualization is of far reaching importance, on the basis of the establishment of event-oriented handling logical relationships, the construction of emergency management platform, the unified management of emergency information resources and the on-line emergency handling. Centered on emergencies, this paper discusses the respective corresponding relationships of emergency and emergency information resources, emergency knowledge, emergency response plans, paradigm cases, relative laws and a series of decision actions on emergency handling, risk assessment and risk analysis etc. It also illustrates the functions and meanings of the correspondence configuration.

scholarly journals Shock digitalisation of education: The perception of participants of the educational process

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-201
Author(s):  
V. L. Nazarov ◽  
D. V. Zherdev ◽  
N. V. Averbukh
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
Russian Education

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined both by the importance of the problem of digital transformation of education in general, and by the specific conditions, which arose during the crisis caused by COVID-19. The long-termconsequences of the emergency transition of Russian education to the distance format, taking into account the ongoing pandemic, have yet to be assessed, but the reaction ofthe participants in the educational process to the first period of the total distance learning should be analysed immediately as a basis for future management decisions.Aim. The aim of the present research is a comprehensive analysis of the perception of the experience of an emergency transition to a distant education format by the main participants in the educational process.Methodology and research methods. Online survey based on Google forms was employed as the main method. The respondents to the survey included participants in the educational process, mostly permanently residing in the Sverdlovsk region (99% of the respondents). The survey was conducted in September – October 2020. The survey participation was voluntary and completely anonymous. As a result of the survey conducted, more than 24,500 original responses were received and processed. The data obtained were compared with the results of secondary studies (primarily, with the monitoring studies of the Higher School of Economics).Results. The research findings demonstrate a number of significant shortcomings in the strategy of digital transformation of education, such as the insufficient development of the digital communication infrastructure in the regions, the technological and competence-based digital inequality, the lack of well-developed methods of using digitaleducational tools, the lack of high-quality content, the lack of full-fledged integrated educational resources on the market. The shortcomings mentioned above apparently led to a decrease in the quality of education during the period of self-isolation and provoked a reaction of rejection of digital educational forms and an increase in technological pessimism among a significant part of the respondents. The results are presented in correlation with secondary studies, which confirms the reliability of the general conclusions.Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the attraction, systematisation and analytical generalisation of original material on the urgent problem of digital transformation of education, collected in one of the largest and technologically advanced regions of the Russian Federation.Practical significance. The current article makes it possible to more accurately assess the situation in regional education and provides reference points both for conducting longitudinal research and for making current and strategic management decisions in Russian education at the regional and federal level.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF PROCEDURES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONTROL ALGORITHM OF EXPERT-STATISTICAL METHODS OF EVALUATION OF OPERATIONAL POSSIBILITIES OF TERRITORIAL DYSIDES

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (156) ◽  
pp. 180-187
Author(s):  
O. Burmenko ◽  
O. Soshinskiy ◽  
R. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Effective Application ◽  
Operational Capabilities ◽  
Functional Efficiency ◽  
Natural Man ◽  
Operational Potential

The problem of formation of procedures of expert-statistical technique of estimation of operational possibili-ties of territorial divisions of the SES of Ukraine was considered in the work. Its relevance is determined by the ever-increasing level of danger of natural, man-made, social and military nature, which requires constant com-prehensive measures aimed at improving the functional efficiency of the Civil Service of Ukraine for Emergencies. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to form a set of procedures for the implementation of the control al-gorithm of expert-statistical methods for assessing the operational capabilities of emergency rescue units of terri-torial subordination. To ensure this goal, the following interrelated tasks were solved: generalized, classified and defined the se-quence and scheme of application of procedures for implementing the control algorithm of expert-statistical methodology; developed recommendations for the use of certain groups of procedures with the aim of the possibil-ity of effective application of expert-statistical methods for assessing operational potential; Preliminary calcula-tions were made to optimize the number of personnel of emergency rescue units of the territorial subordination of the SES of Ukraine. The result of the study was the solution of the problem, namely the formation of a logical sequence of appli-cation of the control algorithm of expert-statistical methods for assessing the operational potential of the territo-rial rescue units of the SES of Ukraine. The classification, the sequence and the scheme of application of the I-III group of procedures of realization of the control algorithm of the expert-statistical technique of an estimation of operational possibilities of emer-gency rescue divisions are carried out. Developed practical recommendations for the use of procedures of different groups, which in combination with previously obtained results suggests the possibility of effective application of expert-statistical methods for assessing operational capacity and optimization measures to increase the ability of rescue units to deal with emergencies of natural and man-made nature. Preliminary results of calculations on the optimization of the number of personnel of emergency rescue units allowed, justifiably, to recommend a gradual increase in the number of personnel, taking into account the region-al nature of natural and man-made hazards. Keywords: emergency situation, operational potential, operational capability, expert-statistical methodolo-gy, procedure.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF DATA DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM IN MANAGEMENT AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Eduardovna Averchenkova ◽  
Evgeniy Alekseevich Leonov ◽  
Andrej Vladimirovich Averchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Alternative Management

The article considers the process of making management decisions at the regional level involving the decision support system (DSS) “DATA”. The software package can be used in the management process at different stages. It contains a comprehensive information base, which allows the managers of a regional government to make a comprehensive analysis of the management situation. Also, using DATA DSS will allow forming alternative management decisions, as well as providing a choice of management decisions from possible alternatives based on the relevant criteria. The number of possible alternative management decisions and the criteria for their selection will be different for the lower, middle and top management of the regional government, so the automated program has the ability to change the criteria for listing recommended measures. The knowledge base of the software complex contains many relevant activities. The architecture of DATA DSS for application in the regional management structures. It contains a number of modules for intermediate calculations and user interfaces. Each module has its own software, which allows to separate the functions, provides flexibility to expand the functionality of the system and security of data access. It has been stated that the heads at different levels of the regional authorities can use DATA DSS at various stages of the management decision-making process. Automation of decision-making support allows optimizing management activities and is a high-performance alternative to decisions made on the basis of traditional methods by manager's intuition or the common sense principle.

scholarly journals Optimization of Remote Public Medical Emergency Management System with Low Delay Based on Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yan Feng ◽  
Zhongyu Pan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Management System ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Low Delay ◽  
Emergency Management System

Due to the limitation of economic geography condition, the existing health resources distribution is uneven, the emergence of remote medical disciplines perfectly solved this difficult problem, using computer and network communication network on audio video information transmissions, querying, display, storage, and backup and realizing the network of outpatient service, remote consultation, health advice, and other functions. Telemedicine enables the limited available medical resources to be shared and fully utilized and also enables many economically underdeveloped provinces to enjoy a higher level of medical sharing services. Public health emergency management system on the overall design of the low latency according to system function will be based on the Internet of things. The remote public health emergency management system is divided into three subsystems low latency modules, basic subsystems of platform, application platform, and specific application subsystems, and designs the structure of the various modules. The implementation process is given. In the realization of the system, this paper describes in detail how to realize the functions of the public medical low delay emergency management system, and, in the end, the realization process of the system is reasonably summarized. The application of Internet of things technology in regional emergency rescue can realize the identification and real-time positioning of material personnel, the collection and transmission of the wounded’s physiological information, real-time information transmission, and interaction based on mobile handheld devices, as well as the integration of emergency rescue resources, information integration, and command decision-making, so as to assist rescue operations and improve rescue efficiency.

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