scholarly journals CONTENT SPECIFICATION OF THE CONCEPT "SPORTS AND LEISURE COMPLEX" FOR RESEARCHING URBAN ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (161) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
І. Dreval ◽  
D. Baibak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Content Specification

Background: The expediency of the study lies in the need of the society to address the issue of improving the level of physical activity and health of the Ukrainians. To do this, it is necessary to rely on scientifically grounded ideas about the essence of sports and leisure complexes that meet the needs of the population. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to specify the meaning of the concept of "sports and leisure complex". Methods: To achieve the goal of the study, the following tasks are consistently solved: analysis of scientific works that cover various aspects of the formation and development of sports and leisure objects; exposure of the essence of the life processes that are localized in the structure of the studied objects; analysis of the conceptual and terminological apparatus used in the research of modern sports and leisure activities in related scientific domains; specification of the concept of "sports and leisure complex" in the architectural and town-planning sphere. Results: Analysis of the scientific literature and practical experience on the research topic proves that current trends in the society and sports development, as well as prospects for convergence of amateur and professional approach to sport necessitate the development of new approaches to architectural and urban organization of sports and leisure complexes. Conclusions: Sports and leisure complex is a special material and spatial formation of the urban environment, which meets the needs of citizens in realization of the creative potential and self-actualization of a person at leisure in the form of physical loading as well as recovery of physical, spiritual and intellectual, energy, psycho-emotional resources. Different forms of functional and spatial organization of sports and leisure complexes are determined by the dominant type of physical activity, the needs of users, town-planning conditions, the author's idea. These objects provide not only sports and recreation activities, but also informal social communication, which contributes to strengthening of urban communities.

scholarly journals Participation to Leisure Activities and Well-Being in a Group of Residents of Naples-Italy: The Role of Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Cocozza ◽  
Pier Luigi Sacco ◽  
Giuseppe Matarese ◽  
Gayle D. Maffulli ◽  
Nicola Maffulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

We explored the relationship between cultural and social participation, physical activity, and well-being in a group of residents of the metropolitan area of Naples, Italy and the role that resilience plays in this relationship. Naples offers a remarkable urban environment with the potentially beneficial psychological effects of outstanding natural beauty, and one of the world’s most impressive repositories of tangible and intangible cultural heritage. However, Naples was also, and still is, heavily affected by the 2008 economic crisis, in addition to preexisting social and economic issues. The major finding of this study is that, despite this highly contrasting urban environment, the combination of physical activity and engagement in social and cultural activities has a positive effect on subjective (self-reported) psychological well-being (SPWB) in a group of residents, and that resilience mediates this relationship.

Barriers to Physical Activity in Adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Langguth ◽  
Tanja Könen ◽  
Simone Matulis ◽  
Regina Steil ◽  
Caterina Gawrilow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Outcome Expectations ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Tailored Interventions ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Age Range

During adolescence, physical activity (PA) decreases with potentially serious, long-term consequences for physical and mental health. Although barriers have been identified as an important PA correlate in adults, research on adolescents’ PA barriers is lacking. Thus reliable, valid scales to measure adolescents’ PA barriers are needed. We present two studies describing a broad range of PA barriers relevant to adolescents with a multidimensional approach. In Study 1, 124 adolescents (age range = 12 – 24 years) reported their most important PA barriers. Two independent coders categorized those barriers. The most frequent PA barriers were incorporated in a multidimensional questionnaire. In Study 2, 598 adolescents (age range = 13 – 21 years) completed this questionnaire and reported their current PA, intention, self-efficacy, and negative outcome expectations. Seven PA barrier dimensions (leisure activities, lack of motivation, screen-based sedentary behavior, depressed mood, physical health, school workload, and preconditions) were confirmed in factor analyses. A multidimensional approach to measuring PA barriers in adolescents is reliable and valid. The current studies provide the basis for developing individually tailored interventions to increase PA in adolescents.

Urban Environment Design: New Methodological Approaches Based on the Biosphere Compatibility Paradigm (Part 1)

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
В. А. Ильичев ◽  
В. И. Колчунов ◽  
Г. А. Птичникова ◽  
А. А. Кормина
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Architectural Organization

Постановка задачи. Ставится вопрос о необходимости развития методологических подходов градостроительного проектирования на микротерриториальном уровне, направленных на создание комфортной и безопасной среды жизнедеятельности в городах и поселениях. Результаты. Получила развитие методология разработки проектов планировки территории - градостроительной документации элементов планировочной структуры (кварталов, микрорайонов, жилых районов) - на основе разрабатываемой в РААСН парадигмы биосферной совместимости городов и поселений, развивающих человека. Предлагается методика оценки вариантов проектов планировки на основе сравнения четырех блоков индикаторов: экологической безопасности жилых территорий, пространственно-территориальных ресурсов, структурно-планировочной и архитектурной организации территории и обеспеченности городскими функциями. По каждому из этих блоков определен необходимый и достаточный состав индикаторов оценки проектных решений. Показаны перспективы развития количественной оценки проектных решений с использованием принципов парадигмы биосферной совместимости на микротерриториальном уровне. Выводы. Выполненная численная оценка проектных решений жилых кварталов показывает прежде всего социальное с точки зрения предоставления необходимых условий жизнедеятельности и развития человека содержание проектов планировки территории, а также их экологический императив. Statement of the problem. The question is raised about the need to develop methodological approaches to urban planning at the microterritorial level aimed at creating a comfortable and safe environment for life in cities and settlements. Results. The authors propose a methodology development project plan for the area - planning documentation of the town-planning elements of the planning structure (blocks, neighborhoods, residential areas) based on the paradigm developed in RAACS of biosphere compatibility of man-made cities and settlements. The method of evaluating variants of planning projects based on a comparison of four blocks of indicators: environmental safety of residential areas, spatial and territorial resources, structural planning and architectural organization of the territory and provision of urban functions. For each of these blocks, the necessary and sufficient composition of indicators is determined, which are calculated based on the design solutions. The prospects for the development of quantitative evaluation of design solutions using the principles of the biosphere compatibility paradigm at the microterritorial level are shown. Conclusion. The numerical evaluation of the design solutions shows the social content of the territory planning projects and reflects the decisions on the urban environment of the city.

scholarly journals Physical Activity of Serbian Children in Daycare

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Milenko Janković ◽  
Maja Batez ◽  
Dušan Stupar ◽  
Jelena Obradović ◽  
Nebojša Trajković
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Variance Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Novi Sad

Background: Monitoring of physical activity within the educational institution is of great importance, primarily because of the orientation and content implemented in the daycare. This research aimed to examine the number of steps children took during their stay in daycare with regards to age, gender and the frequency of going out. Methods: The research was conducted in four daycares in the urban environment of Novi Sad (Republic of Serbia), where 231 children, aged 5 to 7, were monitored (129 boys and 102 girls). Data on the number of steps were obtained using the pedometers. Results: The result of the univariate analysis of the variance test confirmed a statistically significant difference in the number of steps in relation to the age of children (p = 0.04). Boys were more active than girls in both age groups (p = 0.001). Children who were going to the daycare yard three to five times a week took drastically more steps than children who went up to twice a week (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results of the current study show that age, gender, and time spent outdoors are significant determinants of physical activity in preschool age. Therefore, interventions regarding physical activity should be made during early childhood in order to promote health and prevent disease.

scholarly journals The types and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of Senior Phase learners in Potchefstroom

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 372-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna C.W. De Vos ◽  
Dorita Du Toit ◽  
Dané Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Activities

Background: Worldwide, the health risks of decreasing physical activity levels and increasing sedentary behaviour among adolescents are a raising concern.Objective: To determine the types and levels of physical activity as well as that of sedentary behaviour of a group Senior Phase learners in South Africa.Methods: The adapted Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey (CLASS) questionnaire was used for determining the types and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of 230 Grade 7 learners, from three schools in Potchefstroom. Data were analysed by means of the SAS statistics programme, and descriptive statistics, as well as independent t-tests andeffect sizes (ES) were used.Results: Moderate to high-intensity physical activity levels of between 334 and 361 min per week were found, and sedentary behaviour of between 3077 and 3410 min per week, which implies that between 70.7% and 71.9% of the participants, did not meet the recommended health-based guidelines. Higher activity levels were shown during weekends, where the boys were significantly more active than girls (p < 0.001; ES between 0.21 and 0.56), and girls showed more sedentary behaviours than the boys (ES between 0.18 and 0.20). The leisure time physical activities with the highest participation were soccer, recreational swimming, jogging and dancing, while the sedentary activities were listening to music, riding a vehicle and being busy on the phone.Conclusion: Strategies need to be implemented to raise the physical activity levels of Senior Phase learners, especially during weekdays, and to decrease sedentary behaviour. With this view in mind, recommendations are made for Physical Education teachers.

scholarly journals Shanghai Alleys, Theatrical Practice, and Cinematic Spectatorship: FromStreet Angel(1937) to Fifth Generation Film

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Des Forges
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Specific Mode ◽  
Republican Period ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Theatrical Practice ◽  
The City

This article argues that a certain type of Shanghai film of the Republican period, exemplified by 1937's Street Angel ([Formula: see text], Malu tianshi), makes use of a specific mode of spatial organization, modelled on the theatre, to represent the urban environment. In the case of Street Angel, and later on in 1964's Stage Sisters ([Formula: see text], Wutai jiemei), the interaction between performers and audiences characteristic of the Shanghai theatre experience serves as a crucial ground on which to base calls to political action. For a variety of related reasons, both the city of Shanghai and this mode of spatial organization so closely associated with it vanish from the big screen in the 1980s and 1990s, and begin to make a return only at the turn of the new century.

scholarly journals Leisure physical activity of people with and without chronic non-communicable diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thainá Ferreira de Toledo Piza ◽  
Paula Parisi Hodniki ◽  
Sinval Avelino dos Santos ◽  
Maria Teresa da Costa Gonçalves Torquato ◽  
Adrielen Aparecida Silva Calixto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
The City ◽  
Leisure Physical Activity

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the leisure physical activity of people with and without chronic non-communicable diseases by the single health system of the city of Ribeirão Preto – São Paulo. Methods: observational cross-sectional study, data were collected by means of interviews in a sample for convenience and random of adults. Results: there were 719 people, where 70.1% had chronic non-communicable diseases, being 68.1% inactive. Physical inactivity presents a similar distribution between the groups with and without disease and a national average in leisure physical activity. Conclusions: these data are aimed at health services that do not encourage physical and auditory leisure activities, such as multiprofessional activities in the health area.

scholarly journals Medieval town - fortress of Zvecan

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-153
Author(s):  
Ruzica Bozovic
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
The Town ◽  
Design And Construction

This paper is concerned with phenomenon of medieval town- fortress of Zvecan through examining (1) the town planning and spatial organization within the town, (2) its physical structure, (3) conception of medieval design and construction of Zvecan, (4) medieval instinct for correlation of shapes within the town and correlation of Zvecan and its surrounding, (5) comparison of Zvecan with medieval towns in the region and beyond. This medieval town as a whole was the expression of medieval characteristics with its spatial organization and with its own individuality. Zvecan emerged from the then contemporary circumstances and necessities. This research is focused toward finding construction principles of medieval town Zvecan which are timeless and unique to all town constructions.

scholarly journals Recovery of urban development stages of town Rashkiv

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Illia Lytvynchuk ◽  
Mykola Bevz ◽  
Bogusław Szmygin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Defense Strategies ◽  
Cultural Legacy ◽  
Country Houses

In this article, the authors considered the development of Rashkiv (Raszków in Polish and Raşcov in Rumunian), the fortified settlement which is situated on the Middle part of the Lower Dnister Region. An attempt of reconstruction of the most important stages of its town-planning biography of the 15th-18th centuries was made. The authors based their research on newly identified sources. The systematization of the historical chronology of the most important events which have influenced the formation of the defensive structures and the urban environment of Rashkiv has been carried out. In the course of the 15th-18th centuries, four major urban planning periods were identified: the Lithuanian – fort Karaul in the form of a defensive roundel type castle, further – Zamoyski’s town fortress with a fortified downtown, then – the fortifying of the suburbs and, finally, – trade and handicraft town without any defense function. At each stage, an attempt was made to hypothetically localize separate elements of the city – fortifications, historical roads, street planning system, civil and sacral dominant elements. The authors all available source data – archival sources, historical and contemporary cartography, toponymics, field surveys, surveys, and iconographic materials for analysis. Remains of the 1st period represent today ruins of earth shafts under the fortress. This hillfort is monument of archeological heritage and it is protected by state. Ukrainian historian M. Hrushevskyi connects appearance of the fort here with necessity todefend the river crossing and the trading way. From the 2nd period we have today just two preserved bastions of the early of 17th century and some relicts of urban planning system, for example, part of the historical market square. The article also substantiates the value and necessity of preserving the historical plan of Rashkiv which was, in particular, developed under the influence of the development of defense strategies of its time. 3rd period was graphically hypothetically reconstructed in many ways. To a greater extent it is because we have not enough materials to create a definite model of the urban development of this period. Research is based on historical topographic works of 17th and 18th centuries and onlysince the early 19th century we have more detailed historical plans to make more far reaching hypotheses. Using historical photos of early 20th century, authors succeeded in discovering historically determined rhythm of urban environment in Rashkiv. Unfortunately, it is disappearing now due the physical ruining of historical substance of old town and reconstruction according present-day inhabitants’ ideas about country houses or summer cottages. The present results are significant in elaborating historical and reference architectural plan of the settlement, registration of the newly discovered objects of cultural heritage as monuments of architecture and urban planning, archeology, history and nature. New master plan of Rashkiv urban development should be based on our complex architectural and urban planning research to preserve cultural legacy of Rashkiv and to use it for modern economical and tourist revival.

scholarly journals Development of territories through the construction of sports facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 08008
Author(s):  
Lidya Shershova ◽  
Elena Golovina ◽  
Yulia Gurenko ◽  
Olga Tomashevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
The City

The approach to the development of territories through the construction of sports facilities on the example of the city of Kaliningrad (Northwestern Federal District, Russia) is considered. The results of the implementation of state target programs for the formation of the urban environment are analysed. These programs provide the opportunity to engage in physical education and sports on equipped sports grounds. The results of monitoring the use of sports facilities for physical culture and sports in the city of Kaliningrad are presented. The conditions for increasing the volume of physical activity of young people through the system of attracting them to systematic physical culture and sports on doorstep sports grounds have been determined.

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