scholarly journals Glucose level detection system in glucose solution using TCS3200 sensor with If-Else method

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Kemal Thoriq Al-Azis ◽  
Alfian Ma'arif ◽  
Sunardi Sunardi ◽  
Fatma Nuraisyah ◽  
Apik Rusdiarna Indrapraja
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Detection System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Sugar Levels

Early and routine examination of glucose levels plays an important role in preventing and controlling diabetes mellitus and maintaining the quality of life. Checking blood sugar levels by hurting the body (invasive) can lead to infections caused by needles. As an alternative, the examination is carried out in a non-invasive way using excretory fluid in the form of urine, which is reacted with Benedict's solution that create a color change. Experts in the laboratory only carry out an examination using non-invasive methods because in determining glucose levels, it requires accuracy and eye health factors. Therefore, a glucose level detection system was created using a sample of glucose solution to determine the system's parameters using the if-else method. The glucose level detection system is conducted by mixing the glucose solution with Benedict's solution to produce a color change. Then the reaction results are read by the TCS3200 sensor and processed by Arduino to be classified, according to predetermined parameters. The decision results based on the classification of the glucose level parameters that have been determined are displayed on a 16x2 LCD. The results achieved in this study on 10 samples of glucose solution that were tested and processed by the if-else method were successfully read and classified based on predetermined parameters.

scholarly journals Development of Measuring Device for Non-Invasive Blood Sugar Levels Using Photodiode Sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Frendi Agung Dwi Saputra ◽  
Bedjo Utomo ◽  
Sumber Sumber ◽  
Mohammed Shahriar Arefin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Voltage Measurement ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Measuring Tool

Diabetes mellitus is one of the deadliest diseases faced by Indonesian people. The number of sufferers of this disease in Indonesia is 10 million according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Indonesia is included in five countries with the number of people with diabetes mellitus. This disease is caused by high levels of glucose in the blood. Patients are usually not controlled for sugar consumption in everyday life. For measuring blood sugar levels so far, the most widely used device is invasive, namely by injuring the patient's body. Techniques like this make people reluctant to take measurements of glucose levels in their blood routinely. Though it is recommended to take measurements regularly to be able to control the intake of nutrients in the body. The method used in this experiment is to design and build a blood sugar measuring device using a photodiode sensor. As well as collecting data on several patients related to blood to obtain patient data. Based on the results of the identification of the problems mentioned above, the authors make a non-invasive measuring tool entitled "Design of a Non-invasive Blood Sugar Measuring Instrument (TFT Display)". Results that have been obtained from this study are there are error values in the voltage measurement circuit voltage distribution with the calculation of the resistance value to get the voltage value. The error value obtained is 5%. The results of the linear regression value of 0.996.

scholarly journals Blood Glucose Levels in Trimester I And II Trimester PROLANIS Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Mahardika Putri Sintya Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Research Criteria

Blood glucose level checks are generally carried out for people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) to establish the diagnosis and monitor therapy and the emergence of complications, thus the progress of the disease can be monitored. Examination of blood glucose levels during or ad random can measure blood glucose levels without measuring the time of the last meal. The puskesmas has a Chronic Disease Control Program (PROLANIS) which aims to encourage participants with chronic illness to achieve optimal quality of life. PROLANIS is held every month by giving drugs and blood glucose checks when, in trimester I prolanis patients high sugar levels should be decreased in trimester II. Objective to find out the description of blood glucose levels when in trimester I and trimester prolanis patients in Banyumas Wangon II Health Center in 2019. Research Methods this study was an observational study with descriptive research criteria with a sample of all PROLANIS patients who examined blood glucose levels. Results the study subjects were 45 PROLANIS patients who were examined for blood glucose levels at the time. The results showed that 6 patients were male (41.31%) and 39 patients were female (58.69%) Conclusion this study shows the results of glucose levels in PROLANIS patients the highest male sex in trimester I was 901 and trimester II was 657, the highest blood glucose level in I trimester I was 1372 and trimester II 841. Compliance with this treatment remained a decline main measure in the process of changing blood glucose levels.

scholarly journals Sensors for the detection of ammonia as a potential biomarker for health screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Ricci ◽  
Otto J. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Screening Protocol ◽  
H Pylori

AbstractThe presence of ammonia within the body has long been linked to complications stemming from the liver, kidneys, and stomach. These complications can be the result of serious conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), peptic ulcers, and recently COVID-19. Limited liver and kidney function leads to increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) within the body resulting in elevated levels of ammonia in the mouth, nose, and skin. Similarly, peptic ulcers, commonly from H. pylori, result in ammonia production from urea within the stomach. The presence of these biomarkers enables a potential screening protocol to be considered for frequent, non-invasive monitoring of these conditions. Unfortunately, detection of ammonia in these mediums is rather challenging due to relatively small concentrations and an abundance of interferents. Currently, there are no options available for non-invasive screening of these conditions continuously and in real-time. Here we demonstrate the selective detection of ammonia using a vapor phase thermodynamic sensing platform capable of being employed as part of a health screening protocol. The results show that our detection system has the remarkable ability to selectively detect trace levels of ammonia in the vapor phase using a single catalyst. Additionally, detection was demonstrated in the presence of interferents such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and acetone common in human breath. These results show that our thermodynamic sensors are well suited to selectively detect ammonia at levels that could potentially be useful for health screening applications.

scholarly journals Comparison of Functional Regression and Functional Principal Component Regression for Estimating Non-Invasive Blood Glucose Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Nurul Fadhilah ◽  
Erfiani Erfiani ◽  
Indahwati Indahwati
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Principal Component Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Functional Regression ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Functional Principal Component

The calibration method is an alternative method that can be used to analyze the relationship between invasive and non-invasive blood glucose levels. Calibration modeling generally has a large dimension and contains multicolinearities because usually in functional data the number of independent variables (p) is greater than the number of observations (p>n). Both problems can be overcome using Functional Regression (FR) and Functional Principal Component Regression (FPCR). FPCR is based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA). In FPCR, the data is transformed using a polynomial basis before data reduction. This research tried to model the equations of spectral calibration of voltage value excreted by non-invasive blood glucose level monitoring devices to predict blood glucose using FR and FPCR. This study aimed to determine the best calibration model for measuring non-invasive blood glucose levels with the FR and FPCR. The results of this research showed that the FR model had a bigger coefficient determination (R2) value and lower Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Root Mean Square Error Prediction (RMSEP) value than the FPCR model, which was 12.9%, 5.417, and 5.727 respectively. Overall, the calibration modeling with the FR model is the best model for estimate blood glucose level compared to the FPCR model.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Determination of Blood Glucose Levels by Optical Waveguide

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Askarbioki ◽  
Mojtaba Mortazavi ◽  
Abdolhamid Amooee ◽  
Saeid Kargar ◽  
Mohammad Afkhami-Ardekani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Optical Waveguide ◽  
Interstitial Fluid ◽  
Evanescent Waves ◽  
The Body ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Objective: Today, there are various non-invasive techniques available for the determination of blood glucose levels. In this study, the level of blood glucose was determined by developing a new device using near-infrared (NIR) wavelength, glass optical waveguide, and the phenomenon of evanescent waves. Materials and Methods: The body's interstitial fluid has made possible the development of new technology to measure the blood glucose. As a result of contacting the fingertip with the body of the borehole rod, where electromagnetic waves are reflected inside, evanescent waves penetrate from the borehole into the skin and are absorbed by the interstitial fluid. The electromagnetic wave rate absorption at the end of the borehole rod is investigated using a detection photodetector, and its relationship to the people's actual blood glucose level. Following precise optimization and design of the glucose monitoring device, a statistical population of 100 participants with a maximum blood glucose concentration of 200 mg/dL was chosen. Before measurements, participants put their index finger for 30 seconds on the device. Results: According to this experimental study, the values measured by the innovative device with Clark grid analysis were clinically acceptable in scales A and B. The Adjusted Coefficient of Determination of the data was estimated to be 0.9064. Conclusion: For future investigations, researchers are recommended to work with a larger statistical population and use error reduction trends to improve the accuracy and expand the range of measurements.

scholarly journals Derivatised liquid chroamtographic method for statistical estimation of saliva samples by non-invasive technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 1240-1243
Author(s):  
Vasundhara S ◽  
Madhusudan Rao Bandlamudi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
P Value ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Short Period

A method was developed and validated for low-level detection of glucose. The method involves quantitation of glucose though derivitisation with PABA and HPLC-DAD analysis. A selective and novel method has been optimised for evaluation of blood glucose levels in blood Serum and saliva biological matrices by R.P-H.P.L.C. The principle analyte was eluted with the conditions of mobile phase having the 50m.M Sodium acetate: Acetonitrile (60:40%, v./v.) using the Phenomax-C.18  (250 x 4.6 mm, 3.5m.) analytical column with the 1.0 ml/min flow rate and 10µl sample volume at 254 nm in a photodiode array detector. The retention times of was 3.4 min within the total run time of 05 min. The curve indicates the correlation coefficient (r2) was superior by having the value 0.998 with a linear range of 40 µg/ml- 600.0 µg/ml. Based on the results obtained in the validation, the developed method was susceptible, accurate, linear and economical. Due to the short time of the chromatographic program, more samples can be analysed within a short period.  Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using t-test. Highly significant P-value (P<0.05) was obtained between the serum blood glucose and salivary glucose level. A distinct difference was observed in the salivary glucose between the control and diabetic group. The method was met all the predefined acceptance criteria.  Diabetes mellitus is a globally widespread disease. As the salivary collection is painless and non-invasive, in this study, an attempt has been made to diagnose diabetes mellitus by estimating the salivary glucose level in comparison with serum blood glucose level. Hence the developed method can be used as an index of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals PENGARUH ZUMBA TERHADAP KADAR GULA DARAH

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novia P. I. Benaino ◽  
S. H. R. Ticoalu ◽  
Djon Wongkar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Hands And Feet

Abstract: Glucose is the result of carbohydrate metabolism that is converted and absorbed by bloodstream and placed to several organs and body tissues that functions as the main source of energy for muscles, physical activities of the body, central nervous system and brain work. A normal glucose level value is maintained by the body in a narrow range which is about 70-120 mg/dl. Glucose that has formed in its use as an energy source requires physical activities and insulin to stimulate permeability of the fiber muscle. This research aims at finding the effect of zumba to the blood glucose levels. Method: This research is an experiment with a one group pre and post test design that fulfill the criteria such as normal body mass index (18,5-22,9), people with no exercise routine, no diabetes mellitus, no asthma, no heart disease, no broken bones on hands and feet, and not being injured in muscle joints. The research samples are twenty students of nursing program study batch 2013, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University. the blood glucose level is measured before and after zumba exercise. The data are analyzed by Paired Sample-T test using SPSS. Conclusion: Based on the research done on the twenty research subjects, the result shows that there is no significant change of blood glucose levels after the two-week zumba exercise. Keywords: zumba, blood glucose.     Abstrak: Gula darah adalah hasil metabolisme karbohidrat yang terkonversi kemudian terabsorbsi oleh aliran darah dan ditempatkan ke berbagai organ dan jaringan tubuh dengan fungsi sebagai sumber energi utama bagi otot, aktivitas fisik tubuh, sistem saraf pusat dan kerja otak. Nilai kadar glukosa normal dipertahankan oleh tubuh dalam suatu rentangan nilai yang sempit yaitu sekitar 70-120 mg/dl. Glukosa yang telah terbentuk dalam penggunaannya sebagai sumber energi memerlukan aktivitas fisik dan kerja insulin untuk merangsang permebealitas dari serabut otot.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh zumba terhadap kadar gula darah. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pre and post test yang memenuhi kriteria-kriteria yaitu tidak rutin berolahraga, IMT normal (18,5-22,9), bukan penderita penyakit diabetes melitus, bukan penderita penyakit asma, bukan penderita penyakit jantung, bukan penderita patah tulang pada kaki dan tangan, tidak sedang mengalami cedera otot dan sendi. Sampel penelitian yaitu mahasiswi Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran angkatan 2013 Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado yang berjumlah 20 orang. Kadar gula darah diperiksa sebelum dan sesudah zumba. Data dianalisis dengan Paired Sample T-test menggunakan SPSS. Simpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada subjek penelitian diperoleh hasil yaitu tidak terjadi perubahan kadar gula darah yang bermakna setelah melakukan zumba selama dua minggu. Kata kunci: zumba, gula darah.

Perbedaan Kadar Glukosa Darah 2 Jam Post Prandial

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Linda Triana ◽  
Maulidiyah Salim
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Simple Carbohydrates

Abstract: One of the simple carbohydrates is glucose that acts as the main energy producer. The function of the body will be felicitous when blood glucose levels are within normal limits. Glucose removal levels are considered normal if glucose levels return to normal within 2 hours after it rises in the first hour. If the blood glucose level within 2 hours after given fed is abnormal, it can be done by Oral Glucose Tolerance Test to get additional information about the presence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. This study was aimed to determine the difference of blood glucose levels within 2 hours postprandial between samples who given fed with loads of 75 grams glucose. The type of research used in this research was analytic observational with comparative study approach. Samples obtained 33 samples with treatment 4 times in each sample. The method used in this research was an enzymatic method. The results of this study showed the average blood glucose level within 2 hours postprandial which given fed with loads was 10.10% while the average measurement of blood glucose level within 2 hours postprandial loaded with 75 grams glucose was 7.61%. T-test obtained t value of 1.092 with a significant level at p = 0.284 (p> 0.05) so the conclusion there was no difference of blood glucose level within 2 hours postprandial between who given fed with loads of 75-gram glucose.Abstrak: Salah satu karbohidrat sederhana adalah glukosa yang berperan sebagai penghasil energi utama. Fungsi dari tubuh akan menjadi sangat baik apabila kadar glukosa darah berada pada batas yang normal. Kadar pembuangan glukosa dianggap normal jika kadar glukosa kembali normal dalam waktu 2 jam setelah kenaikan pada 1 jam pertama. Apabila kadar glukosa darah dalam waktu 2 jam setelah makan abnormal, maka dapat dilakukan Tes Toleransi Glukosa Oral untuk mendapatkan keterangan tambahan tentang adanya gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar glukosa darah 2 jam post prandial antara yang diberi beban makanan dengan beban glukosa 75 gram. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan comparative study. Sampel didapatkan 33 sampel dengan perlakuan 4 kali pada setiap sampelnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode enzimatik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan rata-rata kadar glukosa darah 2 jam post prandial yang diberi beban makanan yaitu 10,10% sedangkan hasil pengukuran rata-rata kadar glukosa darah 2 jam post prandial yang diberi beban glukosa 75 gram yaitu 7,61%. Uji T-test didapatkan nilai t hitung sebesar 1,092 dengan tingkat signifkan pada p = 0,284 (p>0,05) sehingga Ha ditolak dengan kesimpulan tidak ada perbedaan kadar glukosa darah 2 jam post prandial antara yang diberi beban makanan dengan beban glukosa 75 gram.

Jew's Mellow Leaves (Corchorus olitorius) Suppress Elevation of Postprandial Blood Glucose Levels in Rats and Humans

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Innami ◽  
Hiroshi Ishida ◽  
Kahoru Nakamura ◽  
Mika Kondo ◽  
Kimiko Tabata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Intestinal Membrane ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose Level

The study was performed to explore the suppressive effect of Jew's mellow leaves (JML) on postprandial blood glucose levels in rats and humans. A soluble dietary fiber (SDF) was extracted from the freeze-dried JML powder. An elevation of the postprandial blood glucose level in rats given 1% or 2% JML-SDF solution orally together with 20% glucose solution was significantly suppressed as compared with that observed in the control rats given only glucose solution. When seven healthy young male adults ingested 225 mL of JML mixed juice containing 15 g of freeze-dried powder with 75 g of glucose in the fasting state in the morning, the elevation of the postprandial blood glucose level was significantly suppressed as compared with the control subjects. The diffusion rate of glucose and the permeation rate of glucose in the cultured Caco-2 cells were both significantly reduced by the addition of appropriate amounts of JML-SDF when compared to the controls. These results indicate that the effective substance in JML for suppressing blood glucose elevation is a kind of mucilaginous SDF. The mechanism by which this suppression occurs may be largely attributable to the delayed absorption of glucose from the intestinal membrane in the upper digestive tract by viscous SDF.

scholarly journals Using Absorption Models for Insulin and Carbohydrates and Deep Leaning to Improve Glucose Level Predictions

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5273
Author(s):  
Laura Martínez-Delgado ◽  
Mario Munoz-Organero ◽  
Paula Queipo-Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Health Organization

Diabetes is a chronic disease caused by the inability of the pancreas to produce insulin or problems in the body to use it efficiently. It is one of the fastest growing health challenges affecting more than 400 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. Intensive research is being carried out on artificial intelligence methods to help people with diabetes to optimize the way in which they use insulin, carbohydrate intakes, or physical activity. By predicting upcoming levels of blood glucose concentrations, preventive actions can be taken. Previous research studies using machine learning methods for blood glucose level predictions have mainly focused on the machine learning model used. Little attention has been given to the pre-processing of insulin and carbohydrate signals in order to mimic the human absorption processes. In this manuscript, a recurrent neural network (RNN) based model for predicting upcoming blood glucose levels in people with type 1 diabetes is combined with several carbohydrate and insulin absorption curves in order to optimize the prediction results. The proposed method is applied to data from real patients suffering type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The achieved results are encouraging, obtaining accuracy levels around 0.510 mmol/L (9.2 mg/dl) in the best scenario.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document