scholarly journals Online Marketing and the Performance of Small-Scale Enterprises in Nigeria: A Study of Selected SMEs in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Oyedele Ola Olusegun ◽  
Oworu Oyefemi Olympus ◽  
Adbulganiyu Ibrahim Olakunle
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Online Marketing ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Customer Expectations ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study investigated Online Marketing and the Performance of Small and medium scale enterprises in Ikeja Local Government Area of Lagos State. Survey research design was employed for the study where 142 respondents (sample size) from the selected total estimated population of 221 SMEs for the study area and were gathered using structured questionnaire. Their responses were tested using appropriate statistical tools of SPSS package using the ANOVA, the correlation, and the regression too. Our study revealed that the Online Marketing affected the performance of SME positively which has allowed youths to be self-employed and created economic growth and regional development. Therefore, the study recommended that solving the performance of SME development can be single handedly done using Online Marketing. Hypothesis one shows correlation (r) value = 66.6% (0.666), at the P value of < 0.05, which shows that the regression model was fit. Hypothesis two shows that R2 of 0.452, and value of P > 0.05, adjusted R2 = 0.446, R2 measures the percentage of variation in the dependent variable caused by variation in the independent variable. This research provides recommendations extracted from findings that, businesses need to develop indigenous technology; new products or processes based on innovations; seek, commercialize or exploit new technology ideas to meet market needs, customer expectations/preferences and consumer demands and identify market opportunities.

scholarly journals On Whether Entrepreneurial Self Efficacy Is A Predictor Of Entrepreneurial Success

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 158-170
Author(s):  
Oyedele M. Oyeku ◽  
Oduyoye Oluseyi ◽  
Funmilayo Ajoke Karimu ◽  
F. Akinfolarin Akindoju ◽  
Falilu Oladeji Agbetokun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
National Association ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Entrepreneurial Success ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of entrepreneurial self efficacy on entrepreneurial success. 9,450 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) who are registered members of the National Association of Small and Medium Enterprises (NASME), National Association of Small Scale Industrialists (NASSI) and Association of Small Business Owners in Nigeria (ASBON) in Lagos State is the sample population. Probability sampling technique, specifically, proportionate stratified random sampling method was used to select samples from the sampling frame. The formula developed by the National Education Association (1960) was used to determine the sample size of 381 was used for this study. Primary data on the dependent variable (Entrepreneurial success) and independent variable (Entrepreneurial orientation) was collected using questionnaire as research instrument. Entrepreneurial self efficacy measures are optimism and overconfidence while measures for entrepreneurial success are profitability, market share, net asset growth, sales growth and government policies. The questionnaire was pretested by a pilot study of 50 selected SMEs. Data obtained from the pilot study was analyzed and based on the result, the questionnaire was slightly modified giving an overall Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.853. The statistics of the model summary of the correlation co-efficient reveal that: R = .232 showing that the combined influence of the two predictor variables had a moderate positive relationship with entrepreneurial success. The coefficient of determination R square is .054 or 5.4%. This suggests that the combined influence of the predictor variables (optimism and overconfidence) explains 5.4% of the variations in entrepreneurial success of SMEs. The value of F (2,207) = 5.866, p <.05, shows that the combined effect of optimism and overconfidence was statistically significant in explaining changes in entrepreneurial success of SMEs in Lagos State. This is established by a p value of 0.003 which is less than the acceptance critical value of 0.05. The findings of the study reveal that entrepreneurs’ optimism had the highest influence on entrepreneurial success because the p value was 0.040 and then entrepreneurs’ overconfidence with 0.201. These findings may be of help to the owner/managers of SMEs to be more entrepreneurial optimistic in order for them to survive the intensely competitive market environment.

HUBUNGAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR INTERNAL PERAWAT DENGAN PENGETAHUAN PERAWAT TENTANG PENERAPAN STRATEGI PELAKSANAAN PADA PASIEN DENGAN GANGGUAN HALUSINASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Widya Arisandy
Keyword(s):  
Strategy Implementation ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Knowledge Strategy ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Research Nurses

Knowledge is the result of �know� and this is happening after they made a sensing towards an object certain .Sensing towards an object occur through panca human senses the sight , hearing , of smell , taste and touched with own .Knowledge about the implementation of the nurse strategy is obliged to understandable and in understand by a nurse soul .Many things can affect knowledge a nurse soul both internally and externally.Strategy the implementation of the act of nursing is a in made as a guide by a nurse if when interacting with disorder patients hallucinations.The purpose of research to know relations factors internal a nurse with knowledge nurse in the application of the implementation of the strategy in patients with disorder hallucinations in inpatient Rooms Hospital Ernaldi Bahar The Province Of South Sumatera 2017 . The kind of research done is research quantitative by using the method survey analytic approach in cross sectional .Technique the sample collection that is using a technique the sample collection total of sampling , the number of the sample are always 33 people .To research this independent variable consists of education , length of employment and the days of while dependent variable is knowledge nurse about strategy the implementation of the hallucinations . the results of this research was obtained one variable are associated than 3 variable internal factors researched namely working time with the results of p-value 0,011. Researchers hope from the results of this research , nurses can identify any factor that could affect the knowledge nurses and also can be used to understand the science of psychiatric Keywords : Nurses Knowledge, Strategy Implementation Hallucinations

Hubungan Pengetahuan Tentang Manajemen Bencana Dengan Prevention Masyarakat Dalam Menghadapi Bencana Gunung Meletus Pada Kepala Keluarga Di Rt 06/Rw 01 Dusun Puncu Desa Puncu Kecamatan Puncu-Kediri

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
Didit Damayanti ◽  
Pria Wahyu R.G ◽  
Muhanni’ah Muhanni’ah
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Volcanic Eruption ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Correlational Research ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Negative Impacts

Introduction: Disaster management is a dynamic, continual, and integrated process as to increase the qualities of the actions which are relevant to the process of observation and analysis of disaster as well as minimalizing the negative impacts, mitigation, readiness, early warning, immediate emergency, rehabilitation and reconstruction. The aim of this research is to analyse theconnection between disaster management and the prevention of community breakdown in order to face a volcanic eruption for every head of household. Method: The design of this research is correlational research with a cross sectional approach. The demographic group that is used for this research is the head of households in Rt 06/Rw 01 dusun Puncu desa Puncu, by using the purposive sampling technique which has been collected from the sampling of the 33 heads of households. Independent variable is the knowledge of disaster management, and the dependent variable is the prevention of community breakdown in the handling of the disaster. The data has been received by using the questionnaire, and the results have been analysed by using spearman rho test. Result:  As according to the statistics test, it is found that p-value= 0,000 on the significant level (α) = 0,05 and r = 0,752. It is concluded that there is a connection between knowledge and the prevention of community breakdown in handling of the volcanic eruption in Rt 06/Rw 01. This research shows that the level of knowledge within the community about disaster management and prevention in handling volcanic eruption has been increasing. Conclution: This is shown by the capability of the community in mitigating the effects of the disaster. It is hoped that the community will further engage in training education and simulation to reduce the negative impacts of a disaster. The location where the participants resideis Kelud Volcano, and it is therefore hoped that the communities are willing to participate in better handling of any disaster by joining the education training and simulation; Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, Manajemen bencana, Prevention.

The Zoning System for Strategy Development of SMEs Go Online: A Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumitro Sarkum
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Online Marketing ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Marketing Information ◽  
Relationship Of

This study aims to figure out what the relationship of empowerment of SMEs through methods of zoning as marketing strategy of SMEs in two different markets (offline and online). The zoning strategy with information and communication system integrated brings together socialization and promotion in a market. This system can help the government in taking and formulating policies to unite SMEs in a new market by not leaving the old market. The method in this study uses qualitative descriptive. There are three propositions produced in this initial research, the first; Offline and online marketing is very relevant for SMEs in Indonesia. Second; marketing information system is access for SMEs to find out the demand or market needs both domestically and internationally. And third; The zoning system can be used as an online development strategy for SMEs to synchronize two different markets, namely offline and online. Further research is needed to validate the propositions found, to generate hypotheses and empirical evidence, we recommend using mix methods for future research.

The Prevalence of Insecticide Treated Net/malaria :cross section study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanda Chalela
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Malaria Patient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Itn Use ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

BACKGROUND ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 OBJECTIVE Prevalence of ITN in BUchi METHODS Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. RESULTS ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. Findings: household ownership of at least an ITN was 52% and individual utilization at 37.6%, with 0.825 ITN/households and 0.195ITN /individual. Malaria prevalence of 52.4% /household and a 12.4% of the population. With 47.6% malaria patient coming from households with ITN and 60% of households with ITN have insufficient coverage.61% of malaria patient were female and 31 % male. however there was no significant relation between Gender and malaria prevalence in study area (p value was >0.05). Malaria cases distribution with age groups, 0-15yrs old represented 49.5%, 16-30 yrs., was at 27.6% and the over 30 yrs. case were at 22.9% .use of other preventive measures 23% used mosquito repellent ,others methods 1% with those not using any other methods 76%. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion The study showed clearly that malaria still poses a problem .the prevalence rate of malaria was still high 12.4% of the population and 52.4% of households. With high prevalence of malaria of 49.5% for 0-15yrs.the difference between ownership 52% and Utilization 37.6% showed that even household with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient.60% of households with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient for all occupants

scholarly journals Dark energy survey internal consistency tests of the joint cosmological probes analysis with posterior predictive distributions

2021 ◽  
Vol 503 (2) ◽  
pp. 2688-2705
Author(s):  
C Doux ◽  
E Baxter ◽  
P Lemos ◽  
C Chang ◽  
A Alarcon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
P Value ◽  
Posterior Predictive Distribution ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Dark Energy Survey ◽  
Data Vector ◽  
Energy Survey

ABSTRACT Beyond ΛCDM, physics or systematic errors may cause subsets of a cosmological data set to appear inconsistent when analysed assuming ΛCDM. We present an application of internal consistency tests to measurements from the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 (DES Y1) joint probes analysis. Our analysis relies on computing the posterior predictive distribution (PPD) for these data under the assumption of ΛCDM. We find that the DES Y1 data have an acceptable goodness of fit to ΛCDM, with a probability of finding a worse fit by random chance of p = 0.046. Using numerical PPD tests, supplemented by graphical checks, we show that most of the data vector appears completely consistent with expectations, although we observe a small tension between large- and small-scale measurements. A small part (roughly 1.5 per cent) of the data vector shows an unusually large departure from expectations; excluding this part of the data has negligible impact on cosmological constraints, but does significantly improve the p-value to 0.10. The methodology developed here will be applied to test the consistency of DES Year 3 joint probes data sets.

The Economics of the Soy Kit as an Appropriate Household Technology for Food Entrepreneurs

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-115
Author(s):  
Chungmann Kim ◽  
Peter Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Feed The Future ◽  
High Level

Background: The ability for women to operate as food entrepreneurs presents opportunities to leverage at-home production technologies that not only support family nutrition but also generate income. To these ends, the Feed the Future Malawi Agriculture Diversification Activity recently launched a development project involving a new technology, the Soy Kit. The Activity, a USAID (United States Agency for International Development) funded effort, sought to improve nutrition utilizing an underutilized local and highly nutritious feedstuff, soybean, through a woman’s entrepreneurship scheme. Objective: The USAID funded effort provides the overarching research question, whether the Soy Kit is a sustainable technology for delivering nutrition and income through a women’s entrepreneurship scheme. If true, then development practitioners will have a valuable tool, and the associated evidence, to address the important crosscutting themes, of nutrition, poverty, entrepreneurship, and women’s empowerment. To answer this research question, the research team first evaluates the underlying production economics of the kit to measure profitability, return on investment, and operational performance. Second, the team qualitatively and quantitatively assesses the kit’s overall appropriateness as a technology for the developing world. Methods: The team follows the schema of Bower and Brown and utilizes descriptive statistics, and financial techniques to conduct an assessment of the economics and technical appropriateness of the Soy Kit technology. Results: The results show a high level of appropriateness across a number of metrics. For example, the payback period from cash flow is under 6 months and the annual return on capital is 163% when entrepreneurs utilize a domestically sourced kit valued at US$80. Conclusion: The technology matches well with the rhythm of household economy, in particular women’s labor availability and resource base. Businesses earn significant returns on capital thus appear to be sustainable without donor subsidy. At the same time, available capital to finance kit entrepreneurs appears to be scarce. More research needs to take place to address the credit access question, in order to make small-scale kit entrepreneur truly self-reliant; the effects on poverty reduction at the household and village level; and nutrition improvement among the consumers.

scholarly journals Patient Awareness of Cost of Treatment at a Government Sponsored Hospital in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
. Ritesh ◽  
Harsh Mohinder Singh ◽  
Bikram Jit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Box Plots ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Costs Of Treatment ◽  
Independent Variable

Introduction: To evaluate the awareness amongst the beneficiary about the costs of medical services in a hospital which provides all services at no cost and also to analyse whether education level of the beneficiary client, number of days stayed in hospital and their prior exposure of being treated on payment in other hospital has some bearing on cost estimation by the participants. Method: It was a cross sectional questionnaire based survey study. A total of 130 beneficiary clientele of a government hospital were interviewed. Two sample ‘t’ test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Multivariate regression analysis was used to study effect of more than one independent variable on cost estimation. Scatter plot and box plots were used to study standard deviation. Results: It revealed poor awareness of people in cost estimation of medical expenses. A significant ‘p’ value of < 0.05 was observed with respect to length of stay (p = 0.003), treatment modality (p = 0.000) and multivariate variable (treatment technique along with exposure to treatment in paid hospital, p = 0.008). Conclusion: The beneficiary clientele in a hospital with free treatment generally not aware about the exuberant costs of treatment born by the state.

scholarly journals Diversity minimization through part combination – a Portuguese railway infrastructure case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94
Author(s):  
Diogo Rechena ◽  
Luís Sousa ◽  
Virgínia Infante ◽  
Elsa Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Product Family ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
Sustainable Services ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Design Diversity ◽  
Requirement Changes

Abstract With increasing market needs for product and service variety, companies struggle to provide diversity in cost-effective ways. Through standardization of components with a low perceived added value, companies can take advantage of economies of scale while maintaining product diversity. Railway infrastructure managers face similar challenges of providing economically sustainable services while dealing with the costs of maintaining the system diversity. Typically, unintended design diversity stems from design practices in which existing solutions are not reused for new problems and new solutions are rarely planned considering the dynamics of requirement changes. In this paper we provide a methodology to assess how to standardize different designs to minimize design diversity and to assess design divergence in a product family. The developed methodology is able to take into account any set of standardization compatibility constraints that the user can define. The methodology was applied in the context of a small-scale railway infrastructure manager using a dataset of 223 unique designs of functionally similar components from its electrification system. Depending on the activated compatibility constraints, results indicate that over 60% of components can be reduced to a set of 86 unique designs.

Profile of Food Truck Consumers and their intent to visit Food Trucks

2021 ◽  
pp. 301-309
Author(s):  
Ajay Jamnani ◽  
Jyoti Jamnani
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Purchase Intent ◽  
P Value ◽  
Demographic Analysis ◽  
Food Trucks ◽  
Intent To Purchase ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
Customer Intent ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The purpose of this paper is to develop the content and analyze the factors that impact the intent to purchase of customers from a food truck. The study was carried out in Belagavi, Karnataka, India, the study was carried out using a structured questionnaire to collect the data, the data was checked for normality and reliability, further one sample t test was applied to check the impact of selected factors on purchase intent of customers from food trucks. Demographic analysis of the respondents was also a part of the study. The impact of selected factors/variables on customer intent to purchase from food trucks was analyzed and it was observed that prize, taste, hygiene, Variety, service quality and exteriors had significant impact on the customer’s intent to purchase as the p-value = 0.000 (is < 0.05). The factors or variables were not borrowed from a single proven model in the literature, the factors were selected on the basic understanding of the researchers. The study was the first to analyze the impact of the factors impacting the customer intent to purchase from food truck in a non-metro city, and the results can be used by professionals working in the area.

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