scholarly journals Features of blood selection in kurchat broilers of different age

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
V. Sakara ◽  
A. Melnik ◽  
P. Moskalenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Occipital Sinus ◽  
Exotic Birds ◽  
Selection Of

Depending on age and live weight in the bird, blood can be taken in different places: by performing a puncture of the shoulder (subclavian), jugular, medial tibial veins, of the occipital sinus, of the heart, and through decapitation in the day-old young. But not all of these methods are practical and suitable for all types and periods of time in the poultry. The article describes two practical methods of life-time selection of blood in chickens-broilers of the cross-breed COBB-500 of different ages. Blood in day-old chicks is taken for the purpose of early diagnosis of deficiency of micro-and macro elements. In chickens that were hatched after 12 hours at a mass of at least 30 grams of blood, they were taken from a right jugular vein with an insulin syringe of 1 ml and then received 0,5-0,6 ml of whey individually from each chicken. Thanks to this, the chick remains alive and after 7 days it allows you to take blood again for further research. A subcutaneous vein subunit for taking blood in broiler chickens after 7 days and up to 17 days is better to use a syringe of 2 ml, as this is less injurious to the vein, but it is better to carry out this procedure with the assistant. It is more practical to make blood collection in chickens from 18 to 42 days using an injection needle with a pink cannula (18 G) and a polypropylene tube with a tufted lid that will allow it to remove up to 5 ml of blood from one bird and get enough serum for it biochemical studies. An important stage in the diagnosis of internal bird diseases, in particular metabolic etiology, is blood research. This allows us to diagnose the subclinical stages of illness associated with an imbalance of metabolic processes in an organism of productive and exotic birds. Therefore, one of the important measures in the establishment and confirmation of the diagnosis, as well as the study of the effectiveness of therapeutic treatments – is the selection of blood. Anatomical features of the body structure of various types of agricultural and exotic birds require the modification and modernization of blood selection technologies and make adjustments to the selection of the appropriate sites for manipulation. Blood in the bird collapses fast enough – 20-30 seconds, which makes it impossible to remove enough of it in young birds. In order to obtain the required volume of quality blood and its serum, it is necessary to take into account the age, physiological and productive qualities of birds. The most recent features were the development of new and improved existing methods of blood sampling in poultry. In the bird, blood can be taken by performing a puncture of the shoulder (subclavian), jugular, medial tibial veins, of the occipital sinus, of the puncture of the heart, and of the decapitation in a day-old youngster. The bird has a relatively small percentage of blood volume by weight, approximately 6-7,5%. The amount of blood that can be taken will depend on the weight of the bird, the skill of the researcher and the rate of blood coagulation. It is not necessary to take more than 1% of the blood from the body weight or 10% of the total blood volume, and the next selection is desirable to do not earlier than 14 days. Also, after the selection, hematoma may develop, which may lead to vascular collapse, so it is advisable to introduce warm isotonic solutions. Blood was taken with a 1 ml insulin syringe with a removable needle (29 g) from the right jaw vein. The jugular vein is the largest peripheral vein in the bird, in smaller species and chickens, this may be the only large enough place to select a significant amount of blood for diagnostic testing. The puncture was carried out in day-old chicks, 12 hours after hatching. Before the blood was taken, a clinical examination was performed, and weighing chickens. In those whose body weight was less than 30 grams blood was not taken. Fixed the chick in the left hand a little while turning to the left side, holding his neck between the index and the without limbs, pressing the chicken body with his thumb to the palm, thus best visualizing the jugular vein. At the site of the puncture, a fluff was pulled out and rubbed with 70% ethyl alcohol. Then gently at an angle of 10-20 ° the needle was injected into the vein and the blood was drawn slowly. As a rule, when a needle is correctly placed in the vein, the blood begins to fill the syringe reservoir. When selecting a syringe, use the thumb and forefinger, and slowly pull the syringe piston gently without tilting the needle. If the blood does not enter the syringe, the beveled edge may be against the vein or the needle may get stuck. Gently release the pressure on the piston and slightly bend the tip. Injecting needles, needleless needles or syringes of 2-10 ml may be used for venous puncture. To prevent blood coagulation, the lumen of the needle can be pre-moistened with a 5% solution of heparin. Blood can be taken from glass, polypropylene or fluoroplastic test tubes. Key words: broilers chickens, blood selection, jugular vein, subcrine vein.

Puberty in the buffalo-cow

1955 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. E. Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Mammary Gland Development ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Homosexuality ◽  
Rectal Palpation ◽  
Gland Development ◽  
Buffalo Cow

Thirty-five buffalo heifers were tested daily with fertile males to ascertain the age and live weight at first possible oestrus and conception. Patterns of sexual behaviour were recorded while rectal palpation was carried out to define the conditions of the ovaries and to diagnose pregnancies. The mammary gland development, as well as the intensity of lactation, were noted post partum.1. Pubertal matings were allowed with less certainty than adult matings. The signs of oestrus were intensified by the recurrence of heat and association with the male. Homosexuality was only observed in the first and second oestrus.2. The average age of first oestrus, first conception and first calving were 406, 647 and 963 days respectively. The body weight at first oestrus and first conception were 198 and 319 kg. respectively.3. The number of services/conception ranged from 1 to 7 with an average of 4·25. The number of silent heats/female ranged from 1 to 4 with an average of 1·65. The period elapsing from first oestrus to first conception ranged from 52 to 438 days. Before conception, there was a period of anoestrus which ranged from 115 to 314 days, this was probably due to weak oestrus symptoms.4. The live weights at 28, 84, 140, 196, 252 and 308 days were correlated with the age and live weight at first oestrus as well as the live weight at first conception.5. All the buffalo-cows except two which showed oestrus conceived. Fourteen animals calved normally while fourteen aborted after 131–318 days. The gestation period ranged from 312 to 321 days with an average of 316 days. The birth weight of young ranged from 33 to 40 kg. Seven animals were not lactating while seven gave 1–2 kg. of milk.6. Puberty phenomenon is a gradual phenomenon and is attained in steps: sexual desire, ovulation, oestrus, conception, pregnancy then lactation.

The development of the lamb with particular reference to the alimentary tract

1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Large
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Root Transformation ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Gut Fill ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

1. Thirty Suffolk × Half bred lambs were slaughtered at the following ages: two twin lambs at birth and two singles and two twins at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 16 weeks of age.2. The following weights were recorded: live-weight immediately before slaughter; and carcass, head, skin, feet, alimentary tract, heart, liver, kidneys, lungs and trachea, and blood immediately afterwards.3. The alimentary tract was emptied and weighed in four separate parts; reticulo-rumen, omasum-abomasum, small intestine, large intestine.4. The volumes of the reticulo-rumen and the omasum-abomasum were measured by immersing in water and filling the organs with water to 2 cm. pressure.5. The in vitro digestive efficiency of rumen liquor from lambs of 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of age was assessed.6. Empty body weight was considered to be valuable in comparing animals of different ages or from different feeding regimes or at different times of the year because variations in gut ‘fill’ were eliminated.7. There were no differences between singles and twins in the relationship of the fresh weights of the parts of the body to empty body weight, except that development of the liver and the blood was rather slower for singles.8. Little evidence was found of a difference in rate of development of the alimentary tract between singles an d twins, although the log an d square root transformation suggested a possible difference in reticulo-rumen size in favour of twins, significant at the 5% level.

A note on annual reproductive rhythm in Marwari sheep of the Rajasthan Desert in India

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Mittal ◽  
P. K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Western India ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
North Western

ABSTRACTSeasonal fluctuations in oestrous activity and live weight were studied in ewes of the Marwari breed indigenous to the Rajasthan Desert in north-western India. Of the ewes examined 80 to 100% were in oestrus every month of the year, indicating thereby the non-seasonality of female reproductive activity in this breed. On average, each ewe exhibited heat 18 times a year. The incidence of silent heats was low (4·2 %). The average length of an oestrous cycle was 17 days, while the actual period of oestrus varied from 24 to 48 h with an average of 36 h. No seasonal effect on these activities could be observed. The maximum and minimum body weights of the animals were recorded during the autumn (October) and summer (June) months respectively. The body weights differed significantly (P<0·05) between months. Sexual activity in these animals is, therefore, apparently not affected by changes in body weight. The continuous nature of oestrous activity in Marwari sheep may be economically exploited by regulating the lambing season according o t the prevailing ecological conditions and market demands, without the use of hormones.

scholarly journals THE USE OF BIOSTIMULANT FOR INCREASING THE BODY WEIGHT GAIN OF CHICKENS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 800-812
Author(s):  
Ilgiz DOLININ ◽  
George BAZEKIN ◽  
Evgeny SKOVORODIN ◽  
Almaz SHARIPOV ◽  
Ivan CHUDOV
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immunological Parameters

Poultry farming holds a special place in ensuring the products that the consumers demand, it provides the population with essential food products,such as eggs and meat,that contain vital micro and macronutrients, proteins, lipids, and vitamins. Therefore, the issues of rational, economically feasible feeding of meat poultry, namely broiler chickens, are an urgent task. It is also essential to find effective methods of their application in order to correct the natural resistance and immune and biological reactivity of birds. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of the biological stimulant-Nucleostim on the growth and development of chickens, hematological, and immunological parameters of the blood of birds.This Biostimulant is a purified bovine spleen extract containing at least 1 mg / ml of low molecular weight peptides (nucleotides and nucleosides) formed as a result of autolysis, using dry whey and diatomite as fillers. Onthe application ofNucleostim, the gain in live weight of chickens was increased by 9.7%. At the end of the experiment, the livability of the chicks of the experimental group treated with Nucleostimcame up to 88%, compared with the 72% of the control group. The use of biostimulant had a stimulating effect on the liver of chickens confirmed by the research results presented in the article, as well as contributed to the development of the thymus in the setting of general dystrophy. Thus, it improved chicklivability and increased body weight gain. The biological stimulant-Nucleostim as an adaptogenic, anabolic, and immunostimulatory agent is promising for finding new drugs that improve the health and productivity of poultry.

scholarly journals The relationship between body weight and exterior measurements in domestic ostriches during the first four months after hatching

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Andrey Kurtenkov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

It is related leg problems to the realization of the necessity of doing a detailed analysis of the phenotype correlations between body weight and exterior measurements. As a result of the study, lower coefficients have been obtained of the correlation between the girth of the tarso metatarsus on one hand, and the body weight and the girth behind the wings, on the other hand (respectively 0.563 and 0.608), compared with the one between the body weight and the girth behind the wings (0.898). It is advisable in the selection of ostriches to take into consideration the necessity of a higher phenotypic correlation between the girth of the tarso metatarsus on the one hand, and the body weight and the girth behind the wings on the other hand, with a view to preventing leg problems.

scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Body Weight and Some Colour Traits in the Seventh-generation Index Selected Nigeria Heavy Local Chicken Ecotype

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.J. Ohagenyi ◽  
F.C. Iregbu ◽  
V.C. Udeh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pedigree Selection ◽  
Egg Colour ◽  
Local Chicken ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters ◽  
Selection Of

Background: This study was conducted to estimate the genetic parameters of body weight and some colour traits in seventh generation (G7) index selected Nigerian Heavy Local Chicken Ecotype (NHLCE) progenies at point of lay to 12 weeks. Methods: 5 sires and 12 hens were used to generate the progenies used for the experiment. Traits measured included weekly body weight, egg colour, beak colour and feather colour. Data collected were subjected to one way analysis of variance in a Paternal half sib analysis using Animal model of SAS (2003). Four weeks body weight measurements, egg colour, beak colour and feather colour for 5 sires ranged from 1.29±0.05 1.54±0.07; 2.55±0.02 to 4.00±0.02; 2.45±0.02 to 4.83±0.02 and 1.73±0.02 to 4.58±0.04 respectively. Result: The new Duncan’s multiple range test shows that sire families are similar (p greater than 0.05) in the body weight and beak colour, but significantly differed (p greater than 0.05) in the egg colour and feather colour. The heritability estimates of mature body weight for week 3 was medium, while estimates of heritability for weekly mature body weight for weeks 1, 2 and 4, egg colour, beak colour and feather colour of NHLCE were low heritability. Low h2 of traits suggest that progeny and pedigree selection could be employed for improvement of the egg colour, beak colour and feather colour of NHLCE. The study showed positive genetic correlations between beak colour and egg colour, negative genetic correlations between beak and feather colour. This means that no decision can be taken in isolation as the selection of one trait will have consequences on other traits.

scholarly journals ФІЗІОЛОГІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ КУРЧАТ-БРОЙЛЕРІВ ПІСЛЯ ВНУТРІШНЬОГО ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МІНЕРАЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ MG++ В УМОВАХ ГОСПОДАРСТВА

2017 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
В. П. Бердник ◽  
О. О. Бублик ◽  
Т. М. Марченко ◽  
В. І. Щербак ◽  
О. Г. Трирог
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

Наведені результати випробування на 537 курчатах-бройлерах (635 контрольних) в умовах господарства препарату, виготовленого на основі розчину  полтавського бішофіту. У  курчат, яким давали препарат внутрішньо з водою,  порівняно з контролем, була більшою середня жива масса тіла у  43-добовому віці на 50 г, 73-добовому  – на 128 г і 111-добовому – на  103 г. До 43-добового віку загинуло із розрахунку від  початкової загальної кількості 16 (2,9 %) курчат-бройлерів  у дослідній групі і 30 (4,72 %) у контрольній. На контрольних  курчатах-бройлерах, порівняно із дослідними, мали економію на препараті, який не застосовували, і меншій кількості  використаних  кормів, але одержано значно більше збитків   через нижчі прирости живої маси тіла та більшу кількість загиблих. Економічна  вигода  від застосування препарату лише  до 43-добового віку курчат становить 5,8 гривень на  вкладену 1 гривню. Given results of test on 537 chickens-broilers (635 of control) in terms of economy drug produced on the basis of the solution of Poltava bishofit (SPB). Drug was given chickens-broilers of 5-day age group method internally with water in 3 cycles of 24-hour intervals over 7 times in each cycle and 7-day interval between cycles. The chicks, which were given the drug, compared with the control, had a greater average live weight of the body in 43-day age of 50 g, 73-day – 128 g and 111-day – 103 g it shows its positive effect on organisms of chicks up to 2,5 months (time of observations) after the last application in 38-th days of their lives. The drugs based on the SPB will have greater efficiency in the application of the repair chicks and adult hens, i.e. those who live more than 2,5 months. The 43-day age 16 broiler died of the calculation of the initial total number (2,9 %) in experimental group and 30 (4,72 %) in the control. On control broilers, compared with research, savings on the drug, which is not used, and smaller amounts of used feed, but we received much more losses due to lower increases in live body weight and more fatalities. The total value of the economic benefits of the drug only to 43-day age of chicks is 5,8 UAH on each invested 1 UAH.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Activities of Ethanolic Extract Root of Ageratum conyzoides on Alloxan-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abdulfatai Ojewale ◽  
Sanusi Mada ◽  
Samson Oyebadejo ◽  
Adam Afodun ◽  
Okikioluwa Aladeyelu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Cardiac Tissues

Diabetes mellitus has developed into one of the debilitating diseases disturbing the health of many people living with cardiovascular diseases in modern times. The root of Ageratum conyzoides was investigated for its effects on alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats’ cardiac tissues. Thirty-two (32) Wistar rats weighing between 180 and 190 g were randomly divided into four groups. The animals in groups B-D were induced with a single dose of 150 mg/kg body weight of alloxan (ALX) intraperitoneally. They were confirmed hyperglycemic after 72 hours of induction and then sustained in hyperglycemic condition for 2 weeks. Animals in groups C and D received AC intervention, as stated above, for four weeks. The body weight of the experimental animals and blood collection for glucose estimation were taken weekly for six weeks using appropriate instruments. Biochemical assays for lipid profile, antioxidant enzymatic, and nonenzymatic markers were carried out. Histopathological changes in the cardiac tissues were also studied. Administration of 150 mg/kg of ALX to experimental rats induced diabetes and significantly reduced the body weights, significantly ( p < 0.05 ) increased the glucose level, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and decreased the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and antioxidant enzymatic markers such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) while the antioxidant nonenzymatic marker such as malondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly increased. By contrast, rats given the ethanolic extract root of A. conyzoides had significantly ( p < 0.05 ) increased the body weight gain, whereas the glucose levels significantly ( p < 0.05 ) improved in treated diabetic rats. This extract also improved the cardiovascular system of the diabetic rats by significantly decreasing TG and LDL levels, significantly ( p < 0.05 ) increasing the HDL level, significantly reducing the cardiac contents of CAT, SOD, and GPx, and significantly ( p < 0.05 ) decreasing MDA. Ethanolic extract root of A. conyzoides exhibited antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities and mitigates damage to the heart from the ALX-induced myocardial toxicity associated with type-1 diabetes.

Comparative evaluation of the seasonal dynamics of live weight of mares of different genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
T F Lefler ◽  
A D Volkov ◽  
Y Y Kolomeets
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Adaptive Dynamics ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Horse Breeding ◽  
Feed Temperature

The article presents the results of a study of the adaptive dynamics of a live weight of native mares Khakass groups Orlov trotter, Russian trotter breed and Russian Heavy Draft. In horse breeding at the year-round grazing horses, the main problem associated with adverse to the body of animals and the longest winter tebenevochnym period. Quality wintering herd horses depends largely on the ability to retain fatness (conditionally resistance) during this difficult period. Applied today assessment of the herd of horses that are on tebenevke by visual inspection, does not allow to identify the start of a sharp loss of body weight, as a result of animals are depleted, which leads to an increase in the number of abortions in mares and waste both young and adult population. Investigations were carried out to study the adaptive dynamics of a live weight of mares in a year-round grazing for timely identification of the onset of critical changes. Degree horses adapt to seasonal rhythms in a year-round grazing animals reflects their annual dynamics of live weight. This indicator is one of the criteria for adaptation to breeding conditions. Comparative seasonal dynamics of the live weight of the mares of different genotypes studied by seasons by the formula AA Motorina [1]. During the year, the mares of different genotypes reacted differently to the drastically changing feed, temperature, physiological, and others. Factors. Hardier mare were Khakass groups. They are less than animals of other genotypes, react to the current level of feeding and management, sharp temperature changes. What does the change of body weight in the autumn-winter period (1.0-1.9 vs. 2.5-3.8%), autumn-spring (against 15,9-17,4 17,0-20,9) and autumn-summer (against 10,4-11,3 10,8-13,0%), indicating that a good adaptation mares Khakass groups to environmental factors.

The effect of plane of nutrition on the body composition of two breeds of wearier sheep fed a high protein diet

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Searle ◽  
N. McC. Graham ◽  
J. B. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Protein ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Castrate Male ◽  
Body Component ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYCorriedale and Dorset Horn castrate male (wether) lambs reared at pasture were weaned at 19 kg live weight (LW), brought indoors and fed a high protein diet such that half of each group grew at ca. 200 g/day and the other half at ca. 100 g/day. Animals were slaughtered at 25 and 30 kg LW and chemical composition (protein, fat, energy, water and ash) of the body determined. The relationship between each body component and shorn empty-body weight was examined by regression analysis.Within levels of feeding the results were similar in the two breeds. When comparisons were made between feeding levels, the slower-growing animals contained more fat, energy and ash than the faster-growing group, less water, but similar amounts of protein at any given empty-body weight.

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