scholarly journals An epidemiological investigation of gastrointestinal parasites of small ruminants in Tangail, Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Atikur Rahman ◽  
Sharmin Shahid Labony ◽  
Anita Rani Dey ◽  
Mohammad Zahangir Alam
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Fasciola Spp

Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitism is anegregious problem in small ruminant production system due to is impact on growth and associated cost of control measures. An epidemiological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of small ruminants from different areas of Madhupur, Tangail. The stool samples were collected from a total of 426 goats and sheep from study areas. Specimens were subjected to Stoll’s ova counting technique and the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infection was found 63.4%. Overall prevalence of nematodes, cestodes, trematodes and protozoa was 52.11%, 2.11%, 36.62% and 10.33%, respectively. The prevalence of parasites were variable with Fasciola spp. (8.45%), Paramphistomum spp. (28.17%), Monieziaspp. (2.11%), Haemonchus spp. (31.22%), Trichurisspp. (1.17%), Oesophagostomum spp. (10.80%), Strongyloides spp. (4.93%), Trichostrongylus spp. (2.35%), Bunostomum spp. (1.64%), Eimeria spp. (24%) and Balantidium spp. (6.34%). Parasitic ova counts in male and female exhibited no significant variations (p>0.05) between them. The infection was significantly higher (65.11%) in adult than in young (58.09%). No significant (p>0.05) variation was observed in infection rates between goats (64.09%) and sheep (60.67%). Seasonal variation was found significant between rainy (72.44%), winter (56.72%) and summer (61.82%) seasons. Animals with poor body conditions (74.67%) were mostly affected compared to those with moderate (62.38%) and good (39.00%) body conditions. Further attempt is necessary for a structured surveillance and monitoring of GI parasites to formulate effective control measures.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(2): 255-259, December 2017

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasitic infection in Gir Cattle (Bos primigenius indicus) and Jaffrabadi Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from Junagadh, Gujarat, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatin V. Raval ◽  
Riddhi M. Sachaniya
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Toxocara Vitulorum ◽  
Balantidium Coli ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Buxtonella Sulcata ◽  
Fasciola Spp

Abstract Coprological analysis was performed to check the presence and previlance of gastrointestinal parasites. One hundred seventy six bovine faecal samples were studied. The study reported the presence of parasitic stages of Balantidium coli, Buxtonella sulcata, Trichostrongylus spp., Toxocara vitulorum, Fasciola spp., Strongyloid spp., and Paraamphistomum spp. 43.51 % (n = 108) faecal samples from Gir cattle (Bos primigenius indicus) were positive for Gastrointestinal parasitic infections. and 36.76 % (n = 68) faecal samples from Jaffrabadi Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were positive for Gastrointestinal parasitic infections. In Cattle Balantidium coli was found highest (20.37 %) and in Buffaloes Buxtonella sulcata was found highest (8.82%). the highest incidence was recorded during august for both cattle (6.48 %) and buffalo (7.35 %). Gastrointestinalparasitic infections in claves (< 12 Months) was higher than older (> 60 Months) and adult animals (12-60 Months). Season wise gastrointestinal parasitic infections in cattle were reported maximum (23.15 %) during monsoon. Maximum prevalence in buffalo was reported during Monsoon (16.18 %). similarly, females recorded higher infection rates than malesfor both cattle and buffalo.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Small Ruminants in the Central Part of Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shwe Yee Win ◽  
Myintzu Win ◽  
Ei Phyu Thwin ◽  
Lat Lat Htun ◽  
Myint Myint Hmoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasite ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
And Control

Gastrointestinal parasite infection in small ruminants remains one of the major economic losses caused by reduced productivity. A total of 380 faecal samples were taken from 280 sheeps in Magway and Pwintbyu Townships and 100 goats in Natmauk Township, Myanmar. Faecal flotation and sedimentation methods were carried out to detect the presence of parasitic infections. Faecal egg and oocyst counts were carried out using the McMaster technique. The overall occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in small ruminants was 98.4% (374/380). The occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep (99.3%) was higher than that in goats (96%). The highest occurrence was found in Eimeria spp. (96%), followed by Trichostrongyle (77.1%), Trichuris spp. (35%), and Moniezia expansa (14%). The mixed infection rate was 84.8% (317/374), while a single infection was 15.2% (57/374). The mean eggs per gram (EPG) and oocysts per gram (OPG) of faeces were ranged from 50 to 600 and 50 to 29,800, respectively. Among the 4 nucleotide sequences isolated, one sequence was 94.10-94.47% similarity with Trichostrongylus colubriformis, reported from Laos, and three sequences showed 96.64-99.46% identity with Haemonchus contortus from Laos, China, India, and Mongolia. As gastrointestinal parasite infection in small ruminants was relatively high in the study area, the development of appropriate treatment and control measures should be provided to reduce production losses.

scholarly journals Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasite in small ruminants of District Dir Upper Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruhoollah ◽  
W. Khan ◽  
O. A. Al-Jabr ◽  
T. Khan ◽  
A. Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province ◽  
Fasciola Spp

Abstract The present research was planned to assess the occurrence of intestinal parasites in small ruminants of Upper Dir of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. For this purpose, the faecal material was collected randomly with gloved fingers directly from the rectum region of sheep and goats and the faecal materials were then put in hygienic plastic bottles with 10% formalin. The overall 315 (n=184 sheep and n= 131 goats) faecal samples were collected out of 315 samples, 281 were found positive for different parasites. Patterns-wise prevalence of GI parasites of the study area was found. Overall Single parasitism 89.20% (281/315) with 94.0% (173/184) in sheep and 82.43% (108/131) in goats. Double parasitic infection in small ruminant recorded in which Fasciola+ Haemonchus. contortus in sheep were found their prevalence was 25.54% (47/184). While in goats, the double parasitic infection in which Haemonchus contortus+Trichuris spp were found and their prevalence were 23.43% (30/131). The species found in the sample of sheep were includes, i.e., Strongyloides papillosus (41.30%), Heamonchus controtus (21.73%), Trichuris ovis (17.39%), and Fasciola hepatica (13.58%), the corresponding value for goat were Strongyloides spp 33.33% (36/108), Haemonchus spp 28.70%, (27/108), Trichuris spp 25.20% (27/184) and Fasciola spp 10.68% (14/184). The sheep of the study area are more infected as compared to goats. This study suggested that gastrointestinal parasites are major health problems of small ruminants in the study area. Therefore, a comprehensive study on species of gastrointestinal parasites circulating in the area, control options, cost-effective strategies and awareness about gastrointestinal parasites among the farmers in the study area should be instituted.

scholarly journals Taenia multiceps coenurosis in Tanzania: a major and under-recognised livestock disease problem in pastoral communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (6) ◽  
pp. 191-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen C Hughes ◽  
Tito K Kibona ◽  
William A de Glanville ◽  
Felix Lankester ◽  
Alicia Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Taenia Multiceps ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Pastoral Communities ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Spinal Cord Cysts

AbstractA neurological syndrome of small ruminants, known locally as ‘ormilo’, has been reported among pastoralist livestock keepers in Tanzania. This study was carried out in four affected pastoral communities to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors, characterise the clinical signs and investigate the aetiology of the syndrome. Questionnaires were administered at all households (n=480) within four study villages. Overall, 94 per cent of households reported at least one case in the previous 12 months. By village, the individual-level 12-month period prevalence ranged from 11 per cent to 34 per cent, equivalent to about 10,000 small ruminants across the four villages. Thirty-eight households were randomly selected for further investigation. Proprioceptive deficits and weakness were the most commonly observed clinical signs in affected animals. Brain and spinal cord cysts consistent with Taenia multiceps infection were detected in 32 (82 per cent) of 39 affected animals selected for postmortem examination. Feeding small ruminant brains to dogs was identified as an important risk factor for the syndrome, even in households that did not own dogs. This study confirms cerebral coenurosis as a major cause of small ruminant neurological disease in northern Tanzania and highlights the urgent need for further investigation to quantify the disease burden and to identify and implement control measures.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites on Beef Cattle in Jombang District

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Melda Mufidatul Ifqiyyah ◽  
Boedi Setiawan ◽  
Agus Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Toxocara Vitulorum ◽  
Cattle Feces ◽  
Feces Sample ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Blastocystis Spp ◽  
Protozoan Infections

The disease that is quite detrimental to cattle is gastrointestinal parasitic infection. Gastrointestinal parasites infect the cattle by taking host nutrients that would caused emaciation, lethargy, and decreased productivity. This study aims to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle in Jombang District. This research was conducted in July to August 2019 with 100 samples of cattle feces. Sample examinations were carried out in the laboratory of the Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Universitas Airlangga using the sedimentation and floating methods. Detection of parasites in all samples using microscope with magnification of 100x and 400x. On examination, several types of parasites were found included Strongyloides papillosus, Toxocara vitulorum, Oesophagostomum spp., Moniezia expansa, Blastocystis spp. and Eimeria spp. The results of this study were found the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites on beef cattle in Jombang district was 35% with a worm infection prevalence of 15% and protozoan infections of 20%.

scholarly journals Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle in Kalasin Province, Thailand

2021 ◽  
pp. 2091-2096
Author(s):  
Sirikanda Thanasuwan ◽  
Supawadee Piratae ◽  
Anupong Tankrathok
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Double Infection ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Acetate Concentration ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Fasciola Spp ◽  
And Control ◽  
Concentration Methods

Background and Aim: Parasitic infections are one of the major problems to the production of cattle in Thailand. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites of cattle in Kalasin Province, Thailand. Materials and Methods: A total of 333 fecal samples of cattle were collected directly from the rectum. The fecal samples were subjected to formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for examination. The eggs or oocysts were identified based on the morphology and size of the eggs or oocysts. Results: Out of 333 fecal samples examined, 320 were found positive for GI parasitic infections with a prevalence of 96.09%. Overall, among the prevalence of nematodes, trematodes, and protozoa, the most prevalent parasites were Strongyle-type 278 (84.24%), followed by Strongyloides spp. 54 (16.36%) and Trichuris spp. 75 (22.73%), while Protozoan oocyst recorded Eimeria spp. amounted to 131 (39.7%). Fasciola spp. and Paramphistomum spp. were 67 (20.30%) and 81 (24.55%), respectively. Most of the positive fecal samples were infected with the double infection which has the highest prevalence rate of about 40.24%, followed by single, three, and 4-5 types of parasites 30.63, 16.82, and 7.21%, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that Kalasin Province is highly endemic for GI parasites and this area may be an important source for an outbreak. Therefore, every household should deworm its cattle and eliminate and control snails as intermediate hosts. Findings from this study provide information that will assist in improving the cattle in Kalasin Province for better production and higher profitability.

scholarly journals Short-Term Economic Impact of COVID-19 on Spanish Small Ruminant Flocks

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Vidaurreta ◽  
Christian de la Fe ◽  
Juan Orengo ◽  
Ángel Gómez-Martín ◽  
Bernardino Benito
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Small Ruminant ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Meat Market

The human pandemic COVID-19 caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) started in China in 2019 and has rapidly spread around the world, leading to extreme control measures such as population confinement and industry activity closure. Although small ruminants are not sanitary affected by this virus, the short-term economic impact derived by COVID-19 on Spanish flocks is estimated in this study, using data provided by producers and two major slaughterhouses. Milk prices of dairy goat flocks suffered a substantial drop in April 2020, close to 4.5 cts EUR/liter compared to the previous month. In contrast, the monthly milk prices in sheep remained almost stable during this period, and even increases of more than EUR 6 cts were reported in comparison with the previous year. Nevertheless, economical differences are reported by areas where producers could receive a higher income, close to EUR 0.3 per liter of milk. Global data provided by feedlots affecting 2750 Spanish flocks evidenced a lamb price drop ranging from 16.8% to 26.9% after the pandemic arrival; in line with the data directly reported by a limited sample of producers (ranging from 11.0% to 23.7%). The goat kid meat market also suffered a reduction in prices per kg, near 12.5%; although, for some flocks, losses reached up to 40%. In the same line, 2 slaughterhouses reported a sudden sacrifice drop around 27% for lambs and goat kids sacrifices in April, in contrast with the usual sacrifice figures from the beginning of 2020. Moreover, our study showed a temporary and unexpected retention of lambs and goat kids at farms due to a reduction in animals slaughtered during this period. In conclusion, data evidenced a considerable negative economic impact on Spanish small ruminant flocks, throughout the first 60 days after COVID-19’s pandemic declaration. Further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term economic consequences, in order to establish contingency plans and avoid the collapse of small ruminant industries when a crisis of these characteristics occurs.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Paramphistomum epiclitum of small ruminants

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 586-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehul M. Jadav ◽  
Niranjan Kumar ◽  
Bhupamani Das ◽  
Jaesh B. Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Immature Stage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Paramphistomum Epiclitum

Abstract Morphological and molecular identification can pave the way to design the most effective control measures against the Paramphistomum epiclitum in small ruminants. Morphology of the flukes had described the features of Paramphistomum genus. Body was conical with concave ventral and convex dorsal surface, tegumental spines all around the body in the immature stage, terminal funnel shape oral sucker, sub-terminal acetabulum, blind caeca with a serpentine course touching the anterior level of the acetabulum. Vitelline glands were at the lateral margins of the body extended from the pharynx to the posterior sucker. Testes were lobed and tandem, wavy post-testicular uterus and genital pore behind intestinal bifurcation. Sequence analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-2+ (PCR products of approximately 500 bp) of 10 flukes yielded 2 genotypes, Navsari isolate 1 and 2. In BLAST analysis, ITS-2+ genotypes were 97.3–99% similar with published sequences (KF564870, JF834888, KF642983 and JX678254) of P. epiclitum of Paramphistomatidae. Two genotypes depicted 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (NPs) in the form of transitions (C-T at 10 and 18; G-A at 255; A-G at 367 locus), 1 triple NPs (CGT-GAA between 21–23 loci) and missing A base at codon 40 in the genotype 1. Average AT and GC content was 49.61% and 50.38%, respectively. Trees topology inferred by Neighbor Joining and Maximum Likelihood methods of ITS2+ of trematodes were similar, with small difference of bootstrap values. Navsari genotypes formed a tight cluster with the P. epiclitum, originated from different location with high bootstrap value and 0.004–0.011 estimated evolutionary divergence.

scholarly journals Parasitic Zoonoses in Humans and Their Dogs from a Rural Community of Tropical Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Ortega-Pacheco ◽  
Juan F. J. Torres-Acosta ◽  
Alejandro Alzina-López ◽  
Eduardo Gutiérrez-Blanco ◽  
Manuel E. Bolio-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Community ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Parasitic Zoonoses

A cross-sectional study was made on 89 inhabitants and their dogs from a rural community of Yucatan, Mexico, to determine the serological prevalence of some zoonotic parasitic agents. Samples were taken to monitor the presence and intensity of infection with gastrointestinal parasites in dogs. In humans, the serological prevalence ofT. canis,T. gondii, andT. spiraliswas 29.2%, 91.0%, and 6.7%, respectively. No associations were found between positive cases and studied variables. From the total of blood samples taken from dogs, 87 (97.6%) were seropositive toT. gondii; only 52 viable fecal samples were collected from dogs of which 46.2% had the presence of gastrointestinal parasites with low to moderate intensity; from those, 12% had the presence ofT. canis. This study demonstrates the presence of the studied zoonotic agents in the area particularlyT. gondiiwhich suggest a common source of infection in dogs and humans and a high number of oocyts present in the environment. Preventive measures must be designed towards good prophylactic practices in domestic and backyard animals (T. canisandT. spiralis). Contaminated sources withT. gondii(food and water) should be further investigated in order to design effective control measures.

scholarly journals Diarrhoea in neonatal small ruminants: Updated review and proposed measures for its control in Greece.

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
S. K. KRITAS (Σ.Κ. ΚΡΗΤΑΣ) ◽  
H. KARATZIAS (Χ. ΚΑΡΑΤΖΙΑΣ) ◽  
C. ALEXOPOULOS (Κ. ΑΛΕΞΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ) ◽  
S. C. KYRIAKIS (Σ.Κ. ΚΥΡΙΑΚΗΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Type B ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Neonatal Lambs ◽  
Financial Losses

Diarrhoea in neonatal small ruminants appears to be responsible for substantial financial losses in sheep and goat enterprises worldwide, including Greece. Enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens type B, rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp, and Eimeria spp. are the main causes of scour problems in neonatal lambs and kids up to the age of 3-4 weeks. In this study, a review of the causative agents, their pathogenesis, and clinical and autopsy findings possibly helpful for diagnosis is attempted. Moreover, appropriate therapeutic and preventive measures for effective control of diarhoea, and measures for controlling the speading of the causative agents among sheep and goat farms, are suggested.

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