Study on the Thicknesses and the Girths of Tendoachilles of Human Cadavers: Study in a Medical College

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Ahmad Seraji ◽  
Md Shofiur Rahman ◽  
Md Redwan Ahsanullah
Keyword(s):  
Human Cadaver ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Measurement Of Thickness

Study on the Thicknesses and the Girths of Tendoachilles of Human Cadavers. Background: Tendoachilles is the chief planter flexor of the ankle joint. It provides elastic energy storage in walking and running. The present study was planned to collect data to find out possible variations of thickness and girth between right and left leg of both male and female. Materials and methods: A cross sectional analytical type of study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2013 to June 2014. The data was collected from both right and left tendoachilles of 60 human cadaver taken from Anatomy Department of different Government and Nongovernment Medical Colleges in Dhaka city. After dissection thickness and girth of tendoachilles was measured and recorded. Results: Among 60 human cadaver, 30 are male and 30 are female. The mean thickness of tendoachilles was greater in right leg than in left leg at its junction with gastrocnemius in male, (P<0.001) at the level of 4 cm above its junction with calcaneus and at the level of its junction with calcaneus in both male and female. No significant difference was observed in the measurement of thickness of right and left tendoachilles at the level of its junction with gastrocnemius in female. Mean girth of tendoachilles was greater in right leg than in left leg at its junction with gastrocnemius, at the level of 4 cm above its junction with calcaneus and at the level of its junction with calcaneus in both male and female. Conclusions: The present study revealed that thickness and girth of tendoachilles was greater in right leg than in left leg which were statistically significant. The difference in thickness and girth can be useful during repair of rupture tendon by orthopaedic and plastic surgeon. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2019, Vol.11(2); 124-129

scholarly journals Study on the Length and the Breadths of Tendoachilles of Human Cadaver

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-394
Author(s):  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Ahmad Seraji ◽  
Soniya Fahmi ◽  
Khandaker Nadia Afreen ◽  
Mahbuba Aktar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background: Tendoachilles is the chief plantar flexor of the ankle joint. The present study was conducted to find out the possible variations of tendoachilles between the right and the left leg of both male and female.Materials and methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2013 to June 2014. The data were collected from both the right and the left tendoachilles of 60 human cadavers taken from Anatomy Departments of different Government and Nongovernment Medical Colleges in Dhaka city. Among the 60 cadavers, 30 were male and 30 were female. After dissection, the length of tendoachilles and the breadths at different levels of tendoachilles were measured and recorded.Results: The mean length of tendoachilles was significantly greater in the right than in the left leg of both male and female. The tendoachilles was longer in male than in female in both the right and the left leg (P<0.01). There was significant positive correlation between the height of cadaver and the length of tendoachilles of both the right leg and the left leg in case of male. Positive correlation was also observed between the height of cadaver and the length of tendoachilles of both the legs in case of female, but that was not statistically significant. The mean breadths of tendoachilles were significantly greater in the right leg than in the left leg at its junction with gastrocnemius and at the level of its junction with calcaneus in both male and female and also in male than in female in both legs. Significant difference was observed between the breadth of right and left tendoachilles at the level of 4 cm above its junction with calcaneus in male but not in female (P>0.05).Conclusion: Significantly greater values were observed in the length and in most of the breadths of tendoachilles in the right leg of both sexes and in male in both legs. There was significant positive correlation between the height of cadaver and the length of tendoachilles of both legs in case of male, but, not in female.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(3) 2018 p.388-394

scholarly journals Sexual Dimorphism in Alar Length and Auricular Index of Sacrum

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
AHM Mostafa Kamal ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Shahanaz Begum ◽  
Md Mesbahul Hoque ◽  
Khadeza Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Orthopedic Surgeons ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Context : It has long been customary among anatomists, anthropologists and forensic experts to judge the sex of the skeletal material by non-metric observations. Afterward the study of sexual divergence has been based upon actual measurements in different bones. The study in relation to metrical data on bone is very few in our country. The study was planned to observe the differences of sacra between male and female in respect to measurement of alar length and auricular index of sacrum. The findings of this study might be useful in providing morphometrical data that can be used by anatomists, forensic experts, anthropologists, orthopedic surgeons and neurologists for proper initiative in their respective fields. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical type of study was performed in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from January 2011 to December 2011. A total of 172 (one hundred seventy two) adult human dry sacra of unknown sex was assessed. The study samples were distributed in male and female sex groups by discriminant function analysis. All the samples were studied morphologically. Length of ala and auricular surface were measured with the help of digital slide calipers. Results: The mean length value of ala was greater in female than male (P<0.001). The difference between the mean value of alar index in male and female was significant (P >0.05). The mean value of auricular index was higher in male than female and the difference was statically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The sacrum can be used for sexual dimorphism as is usual in anthropological work. The knowledge of alar length and auricular index of sacrum is essential in medico-legal practice for sex determination of an individual. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v12i1.22613 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, January 2014, Vol. 12 No. 1 pp 17-21

scholarly journals Emotional Intelligence and Self Esteem in Male and Female School Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Syeda Razia Bukhari ◽  
Syeda Ishrat Fatima ◽  
Amenah Rashid ◽  
Farhana Saba
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

The aim of the research is to investigate that emotional intelligence and self-esteem in male and female school students. The present research design is research cross sectional design.  Sample contained 200 students (100 =male, 100= female)   (mean age = 14.16, SD = 0.740) all belonging to the upper, middle and lower Scio economic status. Whole sample was collected from different schools of Karachi, Pakistan with the help of convenient sampling technique. First, the confidentiality about the participants demographic information was assured after that about the purpose and procedure of research explained to participants. The participants who given consent of participation in research, the demographic form, Urdu version of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) (K.V. Petrides) were administered on them. Statistical Analysis (t-Test for independent) applied to assess the difference of emotional intelligence and self esteem among male and female.The results reveals there is significant difference among emotional intelligence of male and female school students (t (198) = 6.597, P< .05) and there is also significant difference in self esteem of male and female school students (t (198) = 2.837, P< .05).

scholarly journals TO STUDY THE ONSET AND PROGRESSION OF AIRWAY ABNORMALITY IN TERMS OF ALTERATION IN PFT IN ASYMPTOMATIC SMOKERS.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Hitesh Kumar Solanki ◽  
Dr. Omnath P Yadav ◽  
Dr. Anita J Gojiya
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Young Smokers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

The study was conducted in department of physiology, B J Medical College, Ahmedabad from Mar. 2012 to Feb. 2013. This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate the effect of smoking on lung   function and serum lipids in asymptomatic smokers   and comparable non   smokers. The mean of the various spirometric parameters were calculated of the subjects for both the groups. The mean FVC in group I and group II was 2.60 ± 0.62 L and 4.10 ± 0.64L respectively. The mean FEV1 in group I was 1.91 ± 0.57L and     3.19 ± 0.77L in group II Group I had mean FEF25% - 75% and PEFR of 1.98 ± 0.67L/sec and 4.50 ± 1.57L/sec respectively. Group II had mean FEF25 – 75% of 4.22 ± 1.23L/sec and a mean PEFR of 7.22 ± 1.42L/sec. In young smokers and asymptomatic, still the spirometric values were significantly deranged as compared to controls. Even smokers with history of less pack years of smoking also had significant abnormalities of lung function. All he spirometric values in the two groups had statistically highly significant difference and were higher in non-smokers as compared to smokers. The spirometric values were reduced in smokers with history of smoking for as low as two pack years. Keywords: Progression, PFT, Asymptomatic & Smokers

scholarly journals Genetic homozygosity as a marker of smoking dependency

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009-1019
Author(s):  
Slavko Brankovic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Dragoslav Marinkovic ◽  
Suzana Cvjeticanin
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual

The aim of our study was to evaluate the morphogenetic variability as a marker of smoking dependency in adult smokers versus controls and to investigate the presence and the degree of morphogenetic variability difference between male and female smokers versus same gender controls. The cross-sectional study evaluated 241 smokers and 185 nonsmoker individuals as controls. We analyzed 17 homozygous recessive characteristics (HRC). There was a significant difference in the individual variations of 17 HRCs between the controls and smokers (??2=61.400, p<0.001; for females ??2=79.440, p<0.001; for males ??2=84.972, p<0.001). The mean values of HRCs significantly differed between smokers and controls (MV?SEM(Controls) -4.79?0.13, MV?SEM(Smokers) -5.70?0.12; p<0.001). For males, presence of 6/17 (35.29% genetic homozygosity) HRCs (OR=6.12) was to the certain degree predictor for smoking dependency. Higher degree of genetic homozygosity, changed variability and male gender, might be some among potential numerous factors that could have impact on smoking development and dependence.

scholarly journals An Overview of Fingerprint Patterns among Students of Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
N Hirachan ◽  
R Shrestha ◽  
S Koju ◽  
D Limbu
Keyword(s):  
Research Finding ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Positive Identification ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Loop Pattern

Introduction: Fingerprint system of positive identification is based on the principle that the arrangement and distribution of fingerprint re­mains constant and persists throughout life and that the patterns of no two hands resemble each other. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among 250 students (125 male and 125 female students), aged 17 - 40 years of age, of Gan­daki Medical College, Pokhara, Nepal from 15 March to 13 April, 2017 A.D. The fingertip patterns of both hands were collected and identified with the aid of a magnifying glass and documented as: Loops, Whorls, Arches and Composite type. The data were enrolled in SPSS version 16 and analyzed accordingly. Results: There was a preponderance of loop pattern (52.6%) followed by whorls (39.4%), arches (7.3%) and composite (0.6%). Whorls (41.7%) were more common in males compared to females (37.1%) and females had more arches (9.6%) compared to that of the male counter­parts (5.04%). There was no significant difference in fingerprint pat­terns among male and female students. Conclusion: The predominance of loops amongst other fingerprint patterns along with no significant gender differences in fingerprint pat­terns can be considered as a valuable research finding in the field of forensic science.

scholarly journals Morphometry of sacral hiatus and its clinical relevance in caudal epidural block

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHM Mostafa Kamal ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Md Ashrafuzzaman ◽  
Khadeza Khatun ◽  
Mohammad Shaiful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Epidural Block ◽  
Sacral Vertebra ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Sacral Hiatus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Caudal Epidural

Context: The variation in anatomical features of sacral hiatus and the dorsal wall of sacral canal is related to its clinical application in caudal epidural anesthesia. Through the sacral hiatus, it is employed in operation in the anal region and on the external genital organs, as well as cystoscopic examination of male. Continuous caudal anesthesia is also used in obstetrics during parturition for better cervical dilatation and shortening the first stage of labor. Methods: The present study was performed on 172 (one hundred seventy two) adult human dry sacra of unknown sex. The study samples were distributed in male and female sex groups by discriminant function analysis. The study was cross sectional analytical type and was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from January 2011 to December 2011. The various landmarks of sacral hiatus were measured with the help of digital slide calipers. Results: The mean length of sacral hiatus in male and female was found 26.38±12.02 mm and 25.63±10.46 mm respectively. The mean anterior-posterior diameter of sacral hiatus at the apex was found 4.76±1.73 mm in male and 4.92±2.13 mm in female. Transverse width of the sacral hiatus at the base found 17.29±3.89 mm in male and 18.01±3.70 mm in female. Different in shape of sacral hiatus between male and female found statistically not significant. Location of apex of sacral hiatus was found highest in number at the level of 4th sacral vertebra (60.20%) and maximum location of base of the sacral hiatus was at the level of 5th sacral vertebra (91.20%). The sacral hiatus has anatomical variations and understanding of these variations may improve the success of caudal epidural anesthesia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v23i1.22690 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 23, No.1, April, 2014, Page 31-36

scholarly journals Dietary practices in type 2 diabetes patients at Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3423
Author(s):  
Rama Singodiya Lodha ◽  
Smriti Singh ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Pal ◽  
Manju Toppo ◽  
Shipra Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Patient ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a rapidly growing health problem in India. Diet and physical activity are important modifiable risk factors affecting the incidence, severity and management of DM. The aim of the study was to assess diet of diabetes mellitus patients. 87 adults from a cohort of diabetic patients attending the Medical Clinics at the Hamidia Hospital Bhopal were invited for the study.Methods: Information about their nutritional status & food consumption pattern was taken by 24-hour dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire. Data was analysed using Epi Info and MS Excel. Frequency counts and percentages were used to describe the demographic characteristics of the participants while the significance difference in between male and female participants. The significance level was set at P <0.05 and 0.01. Statistical analysis used:  MS Excel and Epi Info.Results: The study sample was 87 out of which 56 were females and 31 were males; mean age of DM patients was 48.21±12.98.The mean energy intake was 1386.52 kcal and 1125.79 kcal among male and female. The mean protein intake was 68.71 g and 50.50 among male and female diabetics. There was significant difference between male and female age. There were no significant difference in body mass index and waist hip ratio between male and female. 30 (34.5%) & 16 (18.4%) were overweight and obese respectively.Conclusions: Based on these findings, the dietary practices of diabetic patients are inadequate and require improvement. Education and counselling about diet of a diabetes patient is needed. 

scholarly journals Splenic Mass and its Relation to Age Sex and Height of the Individual in Bangladeshi Peoples

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Mohsin Khalil ◽  
Md Ashraful Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Habibur Rahman ◽  
Sabina Mannan ◽  
Seheli Zannat Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Height ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Normal Spleen ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this study was to establish the standard weight of the normal spleen in Bangladeshi people. One hundred and twenty human cadavers of which eighty seven male and thirty three female were dissected to remove spleen with associated structures. Collected specimens were tagged with specific identification number, and divided into five groups according to age, sex and height of the individual. Gross and fine dissections were carried out after fixing the specimen in 10% formal saline solution. Weight of the spleen was measured by analytical balance and expressed in gram and findings of the study were compared with the findings of national and global studies. This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy of Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh. In this study maximum mean weight of spleen was 86.35 gram in male and 85.33 gram in female in 31 - 45 years age group. Minimum mean weight of spleen was 47.37 gram in male and 38.83 gram in female up to 15 years age group. The weight of spleen increases with age of the individual. Mean weight of spleen in male was 73.43 gram, which was higher than the mean weight of female spleen (59.17 gram). According to height of individual the mean weight of spleen was maximum 84.32 gram in 165.01 to 180 cm height group and minimum in 54.87 gram in up to 120 cm height group which indicate that weight of the spleen increases with height of the individual. In conclusion, the weight of the spleen depends on the age, sex and body height of the individual. Key Words: Spleen, Weight, Age, Height     doi: 10.3329/jbsp.v3i0.1802 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol.2008 Dec;(3):71-78.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Kadar Malondialdehide dan Tromboksan B2 pada Remaja dengan Dismenore dan Tanpa Dismenore

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Berliana Irianti ◽  
Ermawati Ermawati ◽  
Arni Amir
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Biomedical Laboratory

Abstrak Penyebab dismenore belum semuanya diketahui, ada dugaan peningkatan proses peroksida lipid yang akan mengaktivasi mediator inflamasi pada endometrium yang menimbulkan rasa nyeri haid (dismenore). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan perbedaan kadar malondialdehide dan tromboksan B 2  pada dismenore dan tanpa dismenore. Studi observasional ini menggunakan desain potong lintang komparatif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari dua kelompok yaitu 23 remaja dismenore dan 23 remaja tanpa dismenore dengan waktu penelitian dari Juni sampai Juli 2014. Analisis sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Biomedik dan Biokimia Universitas Andalas Padang. Pemeriksaan kadartromboksan B 2  menggunakan metode ELISA dan kadar malondialdehide menggunakan metode Asam Thiobarbiturat (TBA). Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa rerata kadar malondialdehid pada remaja dengan dismenore yaitu 2,60±0,63 µmol/ml, rerata remaja tanpa dismenore 1,98±0,12 µmol/ml dengan probabilitas p<0,05 (0,000), sedangkan reratakadar Tromboksan B 2  pada remaja dengan dismenore 20,043±9,56 ng/ml, rerata remaja tanpa dismenore 19,222±10,79 ng/ml, dengan probabilitas p>0,05 (0,786). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan rerata kadar malondialdehid pada remaja dengan dismenore dan tanpa dismenore dan tidak terdapatperbedaan signifikan pada kadar tromboksan B 2 pada remaja dengan dismenore dan tanpa dismenore.Kata kunci: remaja, dismenore, malondialdehide, tromboksan B2 Abstract The precise cause of dysmenorrhea is still unclear, there may be increased lipid peroxidation process will activate the inflammatory mediators at endometrium that cause menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea). The objective of this study was to determine the difference of malondialdehyde levels and thromboxane B 2  levels in dysmenorrhea and without dysmenorrhea. It was an observational study with comparative cross-sectional design. The subjects consisted of two groups, they are 23 adolescent with dysmenorrhea and 23 adolescents without dysmenorrhea, done in Juny -July 2014. Sample analysis was conducted in Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biomedical Laboratory of Andalas University Padang. The examination of Thromboxane B 2  levels used ELISA and the examination of malondialdehyde levels used a Thiobarbituric acid method. The results showed the mean of malondialdehyde levels in adolescents withdysmenorrhea was 2.60±0.63 µmol/ml, the mean level in adolescent without dysmenorrhea was 1.98±0.12 µmol/ml with probability p<0.05 (0.000), while the mean levels of thromboxane B 2  in adolescents with dysmenorrhea was 20.043±9.56 ng/ml, the mean level in adolescent without dysmenorrhea was 19.222±10.79 ng/ml, with probabilityp>0.05 (0.786). It can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the mean of malondialdehyde levels between adolescents with dysmenorrhea and without dysmenorrhea and there is no significant differences in thromboxane B 2 level between adolescents with dysmenorrhea and without dysmenorrheaKeywords: adolescent, dysmenorrhea, malondialdehyde, thromboxane B2

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