scholarly journals Status of heavy metal pollution of water and fishes in Balu and Brahmaputra rivers

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
MB Khan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
River Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Brahmaputra River ◽  
Mystus Vittatus ◽  
The Comparative Study

The study was conducted to investigate the surface water quality and concentration of heavy metals in water and fish of the Balu and Brahmaputra rivers near to Demra in Dhaka city and BAU campus in Mymensingh respectively. Water samples were collected in distinct three sampling sites which were denoted as Station 1, Station 2 and Station 3. In Balu and Brahmaputra river, analysis of physicochemical parameters like temperature, transparency, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and alkalinity and the concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn) both water and three fish (Mastacembelus armatus, Channa punctatus and Mystus vittatus) species were analyzed. The comparative study reported that some physicochemical parameters like TDS (704±8.54 mg/l); EC (1043±39.15 mg/l), BOD (22±3 mg/l), and alkalinity (311±6.56 mg/l) of Balu river water were found much higher than Brahmaputra river where as transparency (10±0.25 cm), and DO (1.7±0.36 mg/l) lower than Brahmaputra river water. Temperature and PH were close to standard. The comparative study also revealed that the concentrations of heavy metals like Pb (0.032±0.003 mg/l), Cr (0.02±0.003 mg/l), Cd (0.02±0.005 mg/l), Ni (0.04±0.004 mg/l), Zn (0.08±0.005 mg/l) and Cu (0.01±0.002 mg/l) of Balu river water were higher than Brahmaputra River. In M. armatus, C. punctatus and M. vittatus, the concentration of heavy metals like Pb (0.85, 0.92 and 0.89 mg/kg), Cd (0.45, 0.48 and 0.51 mg/kg), Cr (0.72, 0.76 and 0.51 mg/kg), Cu (0.39, 0.38 and 0.35 mg/kg), Ni (0.95, 0.86 and 0.81 mg/kg) and Zn (1.17, 1.21 and 1.25 mg/kg) were noted in Balu river which were much higher than those of Brahmaputra river. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish can increase with the increase of heavy metals in water if pollutants discharge simultaneously. The results suggested that the water in the Balu river was polluted and not suitable for human consumption and aquaculture. On the other hand water in the Brahmaputra river was usable for aquaculture and irrigation but gradually degrade its quality by growing industries and untreated waste from municipalities.Progressive Agriculture 27 (4): 444-452, 2016

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND SOME HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATION ANALYSES ON THREE COMMON SPECIES OF FISH IN TUNGAN KAWO RESERVOIR KONTAGORA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jr. Kinta ◽  
A. V. Ayanwale ◽  
U. N. Keke ◽  
Y. I. Auta ◽  
B. S. Adama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Fish Samples

Developing countries like Nigeria are faced with increased in generation of domestic, industrial and agricultural wastes, with a large percentage moving. This study evaluates the physico-chemical and some heavy metals concentration in three common species of fish from Tungan Kawo reservoir Kontagora, Nigeria; using standard methods between (July 2018 – February 2019); at four different sampling stations of human activities on the water. Five heavy metals were evaluated (Lead, Copper, Manganese, Iron and Chromium) in the fish samples. Phosphate (0.4 – 2.5) mg/L, Nitrate (3.2 – 7.5) mg/L, Temperature (27 – 32.4) 0C, Dissolved Oxygen (2.4 – 5.2 mg/L), Conductivity (81 – 125 µS/cm), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (1.9 – 4.4 mg/L), Alkalinity (mg/L) and Total Dissolved Solids (117 – 198) ppm were within the standard for drinking water and survival of fish.  However, the pH (6.3 – 9.8) was above the standard for NIS and WHO drinking water but can support aquatic life. Iron (0.64 ± 0.072 mg/kg) was the most highly concentrated in Synodontis clarias while lead (0.01 ± 0.013 mg/kg) was the lowest in Oreochromis niloticus and Coptidon zillii (formerly Tilapia zillii. This current finding indicates that the water is safe for both aquatic life and domestic purpose but not suitable for direct human consumption without being properly treated. However, there is the need for regular monitoring of the heavy metals load in this water body and the aquatic organisms because of the long term effects

scholarly journals Physicochemical Analysis of Mymensingh Municipality Sewage Water and Old Brahmaputra River water

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
M Uddin ◽  
S Talukder ◽  
MS Hossen ◽  
MT Hossain
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Brahmaputra River ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
The Mean

The study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of the Old Brahmaputra River and Sewage water in Mymensingh Municipality. To perform the study fifty samples were collected from five different stations from the river and surrounding sewage discharge points. The samples were analyzed to determine pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd). The mean value of pH was 7.1 and 6.8 for river and sewage water samples, respectively. Mean EC value was 183 μS/cm and 589.18 μS/cm for river and sewage samples, respectively signifies that EC of all samples were within the acceptable range. 66.32 ppm and 260.36 ppm were the mean TDS value for river and sewage samples, respectively indicates no harm to aquatic lives and irrigation water use. Mean DO and BOD values for river water samples were 4.21 mg/L and 6.02 mg/L, respectively. 3.08 mg/L and 9.98 mg/L were the mean DO and BOD values for sewage water samples, respectively implies that river water is usable for irrigation but sewage water is unfit for it. Mean Pb concentration for river and sewage water samples was 0.428 ppm and 0.467 ppm, respectively.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 10(2): 105-108 2017

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Pollutants in Waste Water from Pharmaceutical, Textile and Local Dye Effluent in Lagos, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idowu A. Aneyo ◽  
Funmilayo V. Doherty ◽  
Olumide A. Adebesin ◽  
Mariam O. Hammed
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
World Health ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
The World

Background. Discharged effluents from industry have been responsible for the deterioration of the aquatic environment in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries. Increasing industrialization and urbanization have resulted in the discharge of large amounts of waste into the environment, resulting in high pollution loads. Utilization of microbes such as fungi and bacteria have been used for pollution degradation. Objectives. The aim of this research was to utilize microbial agents such as fungi and bacteria to reduce pollutant loads such as heavy metals in effluent samples. Methods. Three types of effluent (pharmaceutical, textile effluent, and dye) were obtained from Surulere in Lagos Metropolitan Area, Nigeria. Heavy metals analysis was carried out using a flame atomic adsorption spectrophotometer according to standard methods. Samples were cultured for microbes and identified. Bacteria samples were inoculated on nutrient agar and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Fungi counts were carried out using potato dextrose agar and incubated at 28°C for 3–5 days. The isolated organisms were identified based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics. Then 100 mL of the effluents was dispensed into 250 mL flasks, and the pH of the medium was adjusted to 7.2 by the addition of either sodium hydroxide or hydrogen chloride and autoclaved at 121°C for 15 minutes. The autoclaved flask was inoculated with 1 mL of bacteria and fungi for 21 days and pH was recorded properly every 48 hours. Results. The results of the physicochemical parameters indicated that conductivity, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand for all the three industrial effluents were higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits. Heavy metal analysis results show that the effluents had high values for cadmium, above the WHO limit of 0.003 mg/L. Concentrations of zinc ranged from 0.136–1.690 mg/L, and nickel ranged between 0.004–0.037mg/L for the three effluents, within the WHO limit. The identified bacteria were Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi and Bacillus cereus and isolated fungi were Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium chrysogenum. All the physicochemical parameters and heavy metal concentrations were reduced after the biodegradation study in the effluents. Conclusions. The responses observed in the various microbes indicated that the use of microbes for the reduction of environmental pollutants has an advantage over the use of other methods because it is environmentally friendly, low cost, and no new chemicals are introduced into the environment. This method should be encouraged for pollution reduction to bring about ecosystem sustainability advocated for Ghana.

scholarly journals Determination of Physicochemical Parameters and Levels of Heavy Metals in Food Waste Water with Environmental Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jingxi Ma ◽  
Shuqing Wu ◽  
N. V. Ravi Shekhar ◽  
Supriya Biswas ◽  
Anoop Kumar Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
World Health

Bioinorganic chemistry is found as a sizzling field in today’s era. It deals with chemistry amongst the heavy metals with natural resources, i.e., air, soil, water, plant byproducts (foods), and environmental essences. The aim of this research is to determine the concentration of heavy metals present in the food waste water sample and to study the environmental effects of metal ion concentration. To conduct the research work, the physicochemical parameters and levels of five heavy metals of food waste water samples were collected from five sampling points of renowned hotels, restaurants, canteens, and confectionaries of a state of India and assessed using the standard analytical procedure. Sampling was carried out from January 2017 up to December 2017. The physicochemical parameters were determined such as pH, temperature, turbidity, conductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, total alkalinity, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, total organic carbon, sulphate, nitrate, and phosphate. The heavy metal concentration was determined by using the UV-spectrophotometer, and the results were compared with the standards prescribed by the WHO, BIS, ICMR, and municipal authorities. The results obtained in the physicochemical analysis revealed that a few parameters were found beyond limits, and the metal ion concentration (iron and zinc) results were found above the permissible limits set by the CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board), ICMR, BIS, and World Health Organization (WHO), most especially, effluent from point P1. It was concluded that all the effluents required further treatment before releasing them into the water body or land to prevent pollution. The obtained results reveal that waste water used for irrigation and farming of nearby areas and water drained from restaurant kitchens were considerably polluted and not suitable for aquatic organisms, irrigation, and agricultural purposes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Physiochemical Parameters and Some Heavy Metals from Tannery Effluents of Sharada and Challawa Industrial Areas of Kano State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-171
Author(s):  
A.N. Shaibu ◽  
A.A. Audu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Tannery Effluents ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Treated Effluent

The evaluation of physicochemical parameters and some heavy metals was carried out from six different tannery companies at the industrial areas of Challawa and Sharada, using standard procedures. Temperature, pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids(TDS) were determined using portable digital hand logging meter. The sulphate, phosphate, nitrate, arsenic contents were determined using UV Spectrophotometer, while chloride, dissolved oxygen (DO) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) contents were determined using titrimetric method, and the heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean temperature of the water ranged from 36.00 – 39.670C, pH: 2.63 – 9.33, conductivity: 336.33 – 12351.67μS/cm, TDS: 166.73 – 6017.67mg/L, sulphate: 114.00 – 466.67mg/L, phosphate: 0.29 – 12.80mg/L, chloride: 58.66 – 1577.87mg/L, nitrate: 6.03 - 33.43mg/L, DO: 2.60 – 21.27mg/L and BOD: 0.77 – 12.33mg//L. Water samples from the tannery effluents contained higher levels for both physicochemical parameters and heavy metals in untreated than treated. Cadmium and nickel were within the WHO limit for both treated and untreated while arsenic was within the limit for only treated effluent. Chromium and lead were above the WHO limit for both treated and untreated effluent. The parameters studied showed variations within the tannery companies and this may affect the Challawariver where this effluent is discharged which can have long term health effect on the aquatic animals and humans that depend on the river water for their daily activities. Keywords: Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Dissolve Oxygen, Heavy Metals and Effluents

scholarly journals Assessment on the level of contamination of Turag river at Tongi area in Dhaka

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
KS Ahmed ◽  
AKML Rahman ◽  
M Sarkar ◽  
JB Islam ◽  
IA Jahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Assessment on the level of pollution of Turag river water was performed by measuring various physico-chemical parameters. Water samples were collected five times in a year both dry and rainy season at five different locations: Bishwa Ijtema field, Tongi Bridge, Kachare ghate, River side of Dhaka Dying and Effluent of Dhaka Dying. Most of the measured parameters exceeded the permissible limit of standard level. Values for different parameters at different points were recorded such as Temperature (T): 23.9 to 31.2°C, pH: 7.2 to 10.1, Salinity: 64 to 933 ppm, Total dissolved solid (TDS): 90 to 1244 ppm, Electrical Conductivity (EC): 135 to 1856 µs/cm, Dissolve oxygen (DO): 0.5 to 3.6 mg/L and Chemical oxygen demand (COD): 220 to 1170 mg/L. The concentration (ppm) of heavy metals were also observed such as Chromium (Cr) 0.0339 to 0.6334, Cadmium (Cd) 0.0068 to 0.0170, Nickel (Ni) 0.1282 to 0.6207, Cooper (Cu) 0.0148 to 0.1703 and Zink (Zn) 0.0366 to 0.1890 at dry season. The values of different parameters determined are above the safe limits recommended by DoE, EQS and WHO. Therefore, it can be concluded that water relieved from selected locations were not suitable for human consumption during the period of experiments.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(3), 193-202, 2016

scholarly journals Determination of the water quality index in two rural properties in the Municipality of Guatambu-SC/ Determinação do índice de qualidade da água em duas propriedades rurais no Município de Guatambu-SC

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 34480-34491
Author(s):  
Matheus Cavali ◽  
Ana Paula Fagundes ◽  
Deise Regina Lazzarotto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Protection Area ◽  
Two Parameters

Knowing the quality of water resources is fundamental to guarantee its different functions in the environment. In this sense, this study highlighted the relationship between land use and occupation with water quality, since the objective was to assess water quality in two rural properties in the municipality of Guatambu in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Five points for analysis and their geographic coordinates were demarcated in each property using the Global Positioning System (GPS) and inserted into the Quantum GIS (QGIS) software for spatial assessment. For the water quality analysis of each point, the following parameters were determined: pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, color, turbidity, alkalinity, chlorides and biochemical oxygen demand. According to these results, the Bascarán surface water quality index (SWQIB) was estimated. As demonstrated by the results, both properties presented an SWQIB ranging from “medium” to “good”. However, when comparing the points intended for human consumption with the Brazilian Decree 2,914 of December 2011, it was found that the color and turbidity parameters were in disagreement in some cases. However, these two parameters can easily vary. In addition, it was noted that points classified with SWQIB "good" have a better protection area when compared to points classified with SWQIB "medium". 

scholarly journals Health Risk and Water Quality Assessment of Surface Water in an Urban River of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6832
Author(s):  
Md. Foysal Hasan ◽  
Md. Nur-E-Alam ◽  
Mohammed Abdus Salam ◽  
Hafizur Rahman ◽  
Shujit Chandra Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Human Health ◽  
River Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Despite significant contributions to the national economy of Bangladesh, various urban developments, massive industrial and growing shipping activities are making the water of many urban rivers, including Karnaphuli River, extremely polluted. To find out the pollution sources and their possible health effects, 45 water samples were collected from 15 sampling stations. Investigation of six physicochemical parameters (pH, temperature, total dissolved solids, conductivity, salinity, and turbidity) through in-situ measurements and eight heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) status using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was carried out in this research. Both the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO)’s permeable threshold limit. The calculated hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) ingestion values indicate non-carcinogenic risk both for adults and children, but dermal exposure was within the safety limit. Carcinogenic risk analysis revealed that Cd could cause a risk of cancer in those using the river water for a long period. Spatial analysis and metal pollution index (MPI) results exhibit that downstream of the river water is more polluted than upstream of the river. Overall, the findings of this study imply that polluted water is a threat to human health and the results will also help to undertake proper management strategies and incorporate monitoring programs that study river water for the implementation of safety measures to protect human health.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND HEAVY METALS IN EFFLUENTS FROM ODOGUNYAN INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, LAGOS, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
S. O. Owalude ◽  
E. O. Odebunmi ◽  
K. O. Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Industrial Estate ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the industrial effluents from Odogunyan industrial estate on the environment was assessed by determination of some physicochemical characteristics of the effluent samples and comparison with discharged standards to ascertain the efficiency of industries’ wastewater treatment process. The physicochemical parameters were evaluated by conventional methods while heavy metals in the effluent samples were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results for all the effluents revealed that temperature was in the range of 32- 35 ; Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 43-86.7 mg/L; Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 492-888 mg/L; Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 1667-13333 mg/L; Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 350-1000 mg/L; Total Solids (TS) 3350-14333 mg/L; Electrical Conductivity 166.5-12390 μS/cm; Total Acidity (TA) 12-60 mg/L and total hardness 24-56 mg/L. The AAS analysis results showed the average metal levels in mg/L as 0.7-1.15, 0.05-0.44, 2.0-45.0, 0.01 and 0.03-0.17 for Zn, Cu, Fe, Cd and Cr respectively. Thus, there is a need for proper remedial measures of the effluents before their discharge into the water bodies

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