scholarly journals Teaching remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic: perceptions from and psychological impact on health science professors in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. e151101724451
Author(s):  
Andrezza Lauria ◽  
Gabriela Mayrink ◽  
Fernanda Mayrink Gonçalves Liberato ◽  
Clarice Maia Soares de Alcântara Pinto ◽  
Patrick Filgueiras da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Professors ◽  
University Funding ◽  
Geopolitical Region

With the social distancing required by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the creation of a new pedagogical model became a sudden challenge for educational institutions. This study sought to assess health science professors’ experiences and perceptions during the COVID-19 pandemic. An epidemiological, descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, and quantitative approach was applied and included the application of a structured and self-administered virtual questionnaire containing objective and multiple-choice questions on demographic data, online teaching activities, continuing education, learning environments, and difficulties faced. Seven questions from the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screening Tool (GAD-7) were added to assess anxiety. One hundred and thirty-eight university professors in Brazil completed the questionnaire. Of these, 87 were employed by public institutions and 51 worked at private institutions. Geopolitical region in the country and university funding type were associated with universities’ ability or decision to offer courses online. Among the professors, being of female gender and a decrease in household income were the factors most closely associated with increased anxiety. Professors also reported difficulties in interacting with students online, the need to assume more childcare, and difficulty in concentrating at home to be the main barriers to successful online teaching.

scholarly journals Psychological Impact of COVID-19 and Lockdown among University Students in Malaysia: Implications and Policy Recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheela Sundarasen ◽  
Karuthan Chinna ◽  
Kamilah Kamaludin ◽  
Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Gul Mohammad Baloch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Level ◽  
Anxiety Questionnaire

The COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown has taken the world by storm. This study examines its impact on the anxiety level of university students in Malaysia during the peak of the crisis and the pertinent characteristics affecting their anxiety. A cross-sectional online survey, using Zung’s self-rating anxiety questionnaire was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. Out of the 983 respondents, 20.4%, 6.6%, and 2.8% experienced minimal to moderate, marked to severe, and most extreme levels of anxiety. Female gender (OR = 21.456, 95% CI = 1.061, 1.998, p = 0.020), age below 18 years (OR = 4.147, 95% CI = 1.331, 12.918, p = 0.014), age 19 to 25 (OR = 3.398, 95% CI = 1.431, 8.066, p = 0.006), pre-university level of education (OR = 2.882, 95% CI = 1.212, 6.854, p = 0.017), management studies (OR = 2.278, 95% CI = 1.526, 3.399, p < 0.001), and staying alone (OR = 2.208, 95% CI = 1.127, 4.325, p = 0.021) were significantly associated with higher levels of anxiety. The main stressors include financial constraints, remote online teaching and uncertainty about the future with regard to academics and career. Stressors are predominantly financial constraints, remote online learning, and uncertainty related to their academic performance, and future career prospects.

scholarly journals Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Emergency Medicine Trainee Residents in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Quantitative Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Khobrani ◽  
Osama Kentab ◽  
Ahmad AAl Ibrahim ◽  
Gamil Abdellatif ◽  
Ahmed Mosad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
P Value ◽  
Training Level ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Psychological stress has been high among healthcare workers on the frontlines fighting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Emergency medicine (EM) residents are members of the frontline care teams in the fight against COVID-19, which puts them at a higher risk of psychological stress compared to other medical trainees. This study examined the psychological impact of this pandemic on EM trainee residents in Saudi Arabia.Methods: This cross-sectional quantitative study used a survey sent to EM trainee residents throughout Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire collected demographic data and included questions evaluating stress, anxiety, depression, and burnout experienced while working during the pandemic.Results: Of the 100 respondents eligible for inclusion, 85% were aged between 25 and 30, 32% were in the R1 training level, 52% were training in the Central region of Saudi Arabia, 92% were directly managing patients with COVID-19, 19% had been infected with COVID-19, 54% were satisfied with the personal protective equipment available, 52% were satisfied with the psychological support provided, and only 8% were aware of the psychological support program. Smokers (p-value = 0.025) and those training in the Southern region (p-value = 0.047) experienced the highest levels of anxiety. Those aged 31 to 35 (p-value = 0.014), smokers (p-value = 0.015), those in the R3 training level (p-value = 0.036), and those with relatives who had contracted COVID-19 (p-value = 0.02) reported the highest levels of depression. Those aged 36 to 40 (p-value = 0.015), who were married (p-value = 0.038), and those training in the Northern and Central regions (p-value = 0.002) experienced the highest levels of stress. Those aged 31 to 35 (p-value = 0.041), smokers (p-value = 0.044), and those with relatives who had contracted COVID-19 (p-value = 0.043) showed the highest levels of burnout.Conclusions: EM trainee residents have been exposed to significantly high psychological affectation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological support was underutilized if trainee residents were aware of it at all. Awareness workshops or on-the-job orientation for EM residents regarding psychological support is required.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Pediculosis and Its Predictors among Urban Primary School Children in Kuantan, Pahang

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rusyaidi Azali ◽  
Nor Faiza Mohd Tohit ◽  
Razman Mohd Rus
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Head Lice ◽  
Pediculosis Capitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Introduction: Pediculosis capitis among primary school children is always known as the problem of the lower socio-economic class and rural communities. It carries significant consequences to the school children and caregivers. Limited studies have been conducted among the urban populations. Thus, this study aims to investigate the prevalence and predictors of Pediculosis capitis among Urban primary school children in Kuantan. Materials and method: An analytical cross-sectional study using cluster random sampling was carried out in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. A selfadministered validated questionnaire was issued to the participants with purpose to collect socio-demographic data related to age, gender and factors that associated with head lice infestations among primary school children from standard one to six. It was then followed by hair and scalp examination by a well-trained examiners to check the infestation status. The results were analyzed using the chi-squared test and logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 1347 students from 5 schools  were included in this study. Majority of them were males (53.6%), Malays (61.0%), household income between RM1000-RM2999 (32.1%). The overall prevalence was 9.1% (n=122). Multivariate analysis showed that predictors for pediculosis capitis were female gender (OR= 6.02, 95% CI= 2.97-12.21), Indian ethnicity (OR= 5.55 , 95% CI=3.26-9.45), sibling of more than 5 (OR= 2.72 , 95% CI=1.04-7.12) and contact with infested person (OR=2.42, 95% CI=1.58-3.71). Conclusion: The prevalence of Pediculosis capitis among urban primary school children in Kuantan, Pahang is endemic (9.1%) and predictors are female genders, Indian ethnicity, having siblings of more than 5 and contact with infested person. Hence, preventive measures are necessary to reduce the transmission of head lice among school children.

scholarly journals Competency framework as an instrument of support to the continued professional development of pharmacists

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Svetlana Stojkov ◽  
Dušanka Krajnović
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Competency Framework ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Respective Field ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
The Impact

Objective. Continued Professional Development (CPD) is one of the most significant precursors to increased competency. Appropriate instruments and support are required for its implementation. This paper demonstrates the attitudes held by pharmacists on the impact of the competency framework on CPD, its acceptance among Serbian pharmacists and potential future application. Furthermore, the motivational impact of the competency framework on CPD as well as the relationship between certain demographic indicators and motivators of CPD are provided. Method. Research on the cross-sectional method throughout 2015-16 included pharmacists working in publicly-owned pharmacies. The survey was anonymous and voluntary. The questionnaires generated for this research contain demographic data on those surveyed and open-ended questions with multiple choice answers and applied a Likert-type scale. Statistical analysis was conducted by applying Microsoft Office 2003 and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Results. Among the respondents, the female gender dominated, respondents who had not completed a speciality within their respective field, with an average age of 42 years, and an average of approx. 15 years of service. 26.12% of the respondents had prior experience with the competency framework. Most respondents were of the opinion that these instruments motivated them to actively manage their own PD, to set concrete PD objectives and to review their own competency. Over half intend to apply competency frameworks in future. The statistical Chi-square test indicates it is not possible to determine with certainty that there are differences in terms of motivation in managing PD and in PD goal setting between the groups of variables. Conclusion. The research indicates a positive attitude/opinion of pharmacists towards the competency framework and in recognising these instruments as supportive to CPD.

scholarly journals PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS EXPERIENCES OF INDIAN POPULATION DURING CORONAVIRUS DISEASE PANDEMIC SOCIAL ISOLATION AND LONELINESS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-34
Author(s):  
DIVYA GOEL ◽  
MAJID FAROOQ
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mental Health Programs

Objective: The sudden emergence of wide spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to adoption of physical distancing or lockdown all over the globe to curtail the viral transmission. Although lockdown plays an important role, at the same time, it can adversely affect the psychological health of the population. In addition, because of stay at home order, people are more inclined to use the media which can further aggravate the mental health issues in population. This study was planned to study the perceived psychological issues associated with the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Methods: An online social survey was conducted using semi-structured questionnaire, participants were added through snowball sampling technique. Results: A total of 455 people (264 females and 191 males) participated in the study. Majority of participants 228 (50.1%) felt stressed out during coronavirus lockdown period. Female gender was associated with greater negative psychological impact of lockdown. Most participants 263 (57.8%) were worried about the health of the loved ones. Most of the participants tried to seek information from different media. The difference between the stress level was highly significant (p=0.04639∗) between the participants depending on the duration for which they explore the information on different media. Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic was associated with stress in the majority of people in our sample, and media has a role to modulate the psychological impact of this lockdown. As COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing, we need to verify these findings on larger population and policy-makers need to strengthen our mental health programs to mitigate the psychological impact of this pandemic.

scholarly journals Assessment of Community Psycho-behavioral Responses during the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A cross sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doaa Mohamed Magdy ◽  
Ahmed Metwally ◽  
Omar Magdy
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: The novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) is a public health emergency of international concern resulting in adverse psychological impacts during the epidemic.The aim of this study: To examine the public’s knowledge and psychological impact during the outbreak of (2019-nCoV) and the extent to which various precautionary measures have been adopted.Materials & Methods: From 1 to 10 April 2020, we conducted an online survey. The online survey collected information on demographic data, precautionary measures against (2019-nCoV), self-health evaluation, knowledge and concerns about (2019-nCoV) and appraisal of crisis management. Psychological impact was assessed by General Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale. The designed questionnaire was answered by participants, and the collected data were statistically analyzed.Results: This study included 1200 respondents. In total, 80% of respondents rated the psychological impact; 18% reported minimal anxiety; 34% reported mild anxiety and (48%) with moderate anxiety symptoms. A large proportion (74%) believed that they were very or somewhat likely to contract (2019-nCoV) while only 35% believed they were unlikely to survive if they contracted the disease. (58%) of the respondents, practiced the precautionary measures directed against person to person droplet spread.Respondents with moderate level of anxiety were most likely to take comprehensive precautionary measures against the infection. In addition, older, female, more educated people as well as those who are more likely to contract infection.Conclusions: During the outbreak, more than half of the respondents rated the psychological impact as moderate anxiety. Thus, the psychological needs during the outbreak should be addressed appropriately. Our results highlight the need to promote protective personal health practices to interrupt the transmission of the (2019-nCoV) in the community must take into account. Therefore, educational public programs about preventive measures should be targeted at the identified groups with low current uptake of precautions.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Significance of Clinicopathological Concordance in Various Spectrums of Skin Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 955-959
Author(s):  
Santosh Upadhyaya Kafle ◽  
Dilip Chaudhary ◽  
Sabrina Yamu Sabrina Yamu ◽  
Krishna Jha
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Disease Category ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skin Biopsies

Introduction: Wide spectrums of skin disorders exist in the world. Skin biopsy is a proven method for allying the dermatologist in overcoming the diagnostic dilemmas that occur in consultations. The different level of clinicopathological concordance, either full or partial and discordant study may reflect the agreement between the clinicians and pathologists for diagnosing spectrum of skin disorders. Objectives: To analyze the histopathological spectrum of skin diseases emphasizing on the diagnostic significance of its clinicopathological concordance. Methodology: This is a prospective cross sectional hospital based study of skin biopsies obtained in the Department of Pathology, at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital from Dec 2016 to Jan 2020. Demographic data, nature of lesions, correlation between clinicopathological concordance and histopathological diagnosis were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Result: Among 111 skin biopsies, female gender of 19-39 years age groups was predominant. The commonest histopathological diagnosis of skin biopsies was under infectious and bacterial origin category (24.3%) reflecting non-neoplastic nature mostly. The overall clinicopathological concordant was 78.38% (fully concordant 27.93% and partially concordant 50.45%) and discordant 21.62%. Nature of lesions was strongly correlated (p<0.05) with age group, while it was weak with gender. However, the relationship was very strong between histopathological diagnosis and clinicopathological concordance (p<0.05%). Conclusion: Findings suggest that the clinicopathological concordance correlated well in histopathologically diagnosed disease category of skin disorders. This reflects the high diagnostic value of histopathological examinations for diagnosing different spectrum of skin disorders.

scholarly journals Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Palestinian Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu-El-Noor NI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
The Gaza Strip

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic became a global pandemic in early 2020. The pandemic has many impacts on people’s live posing a threat to their physical and mental health. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Palestinian nursing students residing in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. Materials and Methods: A convenience sample of 345 nursing students from the Islamic University of Gaza completed on line questionnaire packet that included demographic data and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). Results: Results from this study revealed that most of our participants were females (79.1%), single (82.3%), not working (90.4%) and having no chronic disease (94.8%). Variant levels of anxiety were reported by participants with 34.5% of them having mild, 31% moderate and 19.1% severe levels of anxiety. Levels of anxiety reported in this study were not impact by any study variables such as age, sex, study year, etc. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: The results of this study revealed high levels of anxiety among nursing students. The closure of the universities, the new experience of e-learning along with the multi-stressors already prevailing in the Gaza Strip have contributed to this high level of anxiety. Universities and the health care system in the Gaza Strip should pay attention to reduce anxiety levels among students. This could be approached by providing online training courses or setting channels of one-to-one online or phone counseling for students to alleviate negative psychological effects and to enhance mental health of students.

scholarly journals Investigation of Awareness and Anxiety Levels of Pregnant Women During Pandemic Process. A Multi-Centric Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey Study in Istanbul, Turkey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Merve Palalioglu ◽  
Ozan Karadeniz ◽  
Gokce Ipek Aytok ◽  
Batuhan Palalioglu ◽  
Gizem Nur Koyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background:COVID-19 pandemic is an important and urgent public health problem. It is currently unknown that how pregnant women deal with the Coronavirus disease and its results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychological impact of the coronavirus pandemic on pregnant women and to determine whether pregnant women have sufficient knowledge and awareness for a healthy antenatal process.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at two centers. Regardless of the gestational age, a questionnaire was distributed to 1003 pregnant women in total, from 51 original questions that investigate the pregnant women’s demographic data, history of contact with COVID-19-positive patients, knowledge and concerns about COVID-19, precautions. 526 participants were included in the study. The questionnaire was delivered using the QR code method. The questionnaires were answered online by participants via SurveyMonkey in order to minimize contamination due to the pandemic.Results: The period when anxiety was highest was the 2nd trimester, whereas women in the 1st trimester had the lowest level of anxiety. High levels of awareness were observed in patients with heart disease, but patients with diabetes mellitus had a high level of anxiety. There was a statistically significant correlation between anxiety and awareness scores of the coronavirus disease.Conclusion:It is important to maintain the mental and physical health of pregnant women, who are in a more delicate condition than other individuals in the society. In this regard, healthcare professionals have important duties such as taking necessary precautions and explaining the seriousness of the situation to pregnant women.

scholarly journals The Norwegian public’s ability to assess treatment claims: results of a cross-sectional study of critical health literacy

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Dahlgren ◽  
Kjetil Furuseth-Olsen ◽  
Christopher James Rose ◽  
Andrew David Oxman
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Critical Health Literacy ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Treatment Claims

Background: Few studies have evaluated the ability of the general public to assess the trustworthiness of claims about the effects of healthcare. For the most part, those studies have used self-reported measures of critical health literacy. Methods: We mailed 4500 invitations to Norwegian adults. Respondents were randomly assigned to one of four online tests that included multiple-choice questions that test understanding of Key Concepts people need to understand to assess healthcare claims. They also included questions about intended behaviours and self-efficacy. One of the four tests was identical to one previously used in two randomised trials of educational interventions in Uganda, facilitating comparisons to Ugandan children, parents, and teachers. We adjusted the results using demographic data to reflect the population. Results: A total of 771 people responded. We estimate that at least half of Norwegian adults understand 18 of the 30 Key Concepts (i.e. the adjusted proportion of correct answers was > 50%). On the other hand, less than half understood 13 of the concepts. The results for Norwegian adults were better than the results for Ugandan children in the intervention arm of the trial and parents, and similar to those of Ugandan teachers in the intervention arm of the trial. Based on self-report, most Norwegians are likely to find out the basis of treatment claims, but few consider it easy to assess whether claims are based on research and to assess the trustworthiness of research. Conclusions: Norwegian adults do not understand many concepts that are essential for assessing healthcare claims and making informed choices. This can result in poorly informed decisions, underuse of effective interventions, and overuse of ineffective or harmful interventions.

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