scholarly journals Uji Antagonis Jamur Trichoderma viride dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Patogen Alternaria porri Penyebab Penyakit Bercak Ungu pada Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Vira Ruainiah Ruswandari ◽  
Ahmad Syauqi ◽  
Tintrim Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Inhibition Mechanism ◽  
Moist Soil ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Alternaria Porri ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Inhibitory Power ◽  
Descriptive Method

  Trichoderma viride is a microorganism that is commonly found in moist soil and can be isolated from the root area of the shallot plant (Allium ascalonicum L.). The study aim was to determine the mechanism and the difference in percentage of inhibitory power by Trichoderma viride in inhibiting growth of Alternaria porri pathogen at pH 4.8 and 7. The descriptive method was used by descriptive method to isolate Alternaria porri and Trichoderma viride fungi and then purified, and the experimental method tested Trichoderma viride fungal antagonists against Alternaria porri with two PDA media treatments pH 4.8 that observed for 3 days and pH 7 observed for 4 days. The results of the percentage of inhibitory power on the day 1,2,3 were 9%, 34.2% and 35% (pH 4.8), and the results of the percentage of inhibition power of the day 1,2,3 and 4 were 1.9%, 29.9%, 35% and 39.4% (pH 7). The inhibition mechanism of Trichoderma viride in inhibiting Alternaria porri fungi through the stages of antibiosis, parasitism and lysis. Keywords: Trichoderma viride, Alternaria porri, shallot plants, pH 4,8 and pH 7. ABSTRAK Jamur Trichoderma viride merupakan mikroorganisme yang umum dijumpai dalam tanah yang lembab dan dapat diisolasi dari daerah perakaran tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme dan perbedaan persentase daya hambat oleh jamur Trichoderma viride dalam menghambat pertumbuhan patogen Alternaria porri pada pH 4,8 dan 7. Metode yamg digunakan metode deskriptif dengan mengisolasi jamur Alternaria porri dan Trichoderma viride lalu dimurnikan, dan metode eksperimen melakukan uji antagonis jamur Trichoderma viride terhadap Alternaria porri dengan dua perlakuan media PDA pH 4,8 yamg diaamati selama 3 hari dan pH 7 yang diamati selama 4 hari. Hasil persentase daya hambat pada hari ke 1,2,3 yaitu 9%, 34,2% dan 35%  (pH 4,8), dan  hasil persentase daya hambat hari ke 1,2,3 dan 4 yaitu 1,9%, 29,9%, 35% dan 39,4% (pH 7). Hal ini diketahui bahwa hasil terakhir persentase daya hambat 35% (pH 4,8) dan 39,4% (pH 7). Mekanisme Penghambatan Jamur Trichoderma viride dalam menghambat jamur Alternaria porri melalui tahap antibiosis, parasitisme dan lisis. Kata kunci: Trichoderma viride, Alternaria porri, tanaman bawang merah, pH 4,8 dan pH 7.  

Effect of particle size and delignification on the rate of digestion of hemicellulose and cellulose by cellulase in mature pangola grass stems

1983 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
CW Ford
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
Particle Size Reduction ◽  
Digitaria Decumbens ◽  
Hemicellulose Degradation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Stem cell walls of pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens) were ground to two particle sizes (c. 1 and 0.1 mm diameter), and incubated with cellulase (ex. Trichoderma viride) for varying times before and after delignification. Total cell walls finely ground (0.1 mm) with a Spex Shatterbox mill were initially degraded more rapidly (to 24 h) than delignified 1 mm particles. Thereafter the delignified material was solubilized to a greater extent. Subsequent specific determinations of cell wall polysaccharides indicated that delignification increased the rate of hemicellulose degradation to a greater extent than did particle size reduction, whereas the opposite was found for cellulose. The difference between delignified and Spex-ground residues, in terms of the amount of polysaccharide digested, was much greater for cellulose than hemicellulose. It is concluded that structural features play a more important role in limiting cellulase degradation of cellulose than does association with lignin, the reverse being so for hemicellulose.

The derivation of the rotational potential function from atom–atom potentials. III. Borohydride compounds

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Potential Function ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Potential Functions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level Degeneracy ◽  
Entropy Of Transition ◽  
Good Agreement

The rotational potential functions for the borohydride ion embedded in potassium and rubidium halides are derived from atom–atom potentials of the Buckingham (exp-6) type. The librational frequencies computed from the potential functions are in good agreement with the observed frequencies. The potential functions for rubidium and potassium borohydrides derived from the atom–atom potentials yield librational frequencies that are about 10% higher than the observed values. Since the entropy of transition for potassium and rubidium borohydrides is less than expected, there is a possibility that there is some ordering of the borohydride ions above the transition temperature. An experimental method is presented for studying the ordering of the borohydride ions based on the difference in the ground level degeneracy of a tetrahedral ion in ordered and disordered states.

ANALISIS NILAI HAMBATAN TOTAL DENGAN PERUBAHAN SARAT KAPAL KM. KENDHAGA NUSANTARA 6

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Budi Utomo ◽  
Sulaiman Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Loading Condition ◽  
Total Resistance ◽  
Ship Resistance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Resistance Value

The calculation of total resistance value is important of ship because  affects the speed of fluid flow that occurs, as well as the speed of the ship.So that in the designing new ships, sea trials are needed to find out whatever the preparedness of the ship is planned. The purpose is to obtain the value of the total resistance and the coefficient of ship resistance KM. Kendhaga Nusantara 6 uses the calculation method for each ship draught/loading condition. The Method used is experimental method with numerical value approach, Denny Mumford theory and Froude's number. The results show that the largest Total Resistance (Rt) is 5646,02 kN, it was found when speed of ship was 12 knots and draught ship 3,5 meters, with a coefficient value (Ct) of 7,757 x 10-3. The difference in value (Ct) is 0,032x10-3 or 0.41%, and it is still in the criteria because it is below 5%.

scholarly journals Difference of the size of average crown width first molar and second molar mandible of the Pawon Man with modern man

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufik Senjaya ◽  
Fahmi Oscandar ◽  
Lutfi Yondri
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Food Technology ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Descriptive Method

Introduction: Pawon Man is prehistoric human who was expected life about 9525-5660 BC and have lived in a Cave Pawon located in Mountain Masigit Village, District Cipatat, Bandung Regency. The purpose of this research to analyzed the difference size of average crown width first molar and second molar mandible Pawon Man with Modern Man. Methods: The research used a descriptive method, so that from 4 archives radiograph Pawon man, can be obtained 14 samples radiographs Cone Beam Computed Tomography first tooth molars and second molars mandible. The research conducted on Ez Implant-3D program using a digital ruler, measurement results then recorded in tabular form, then statistically analyzed using independent two-sample t test. Results: The average size of widht crown first tooth molars and second molars mandible were larger for Pawon Man teeth than Modern Man. Conclusion: The average size of widht crown first tooth molars and second molars mandible were larger for Pawon Man teeth, because Pawon Man eating hard food and rough textured with simple food processing, with transition of culture has changed the dietary and food technology, so the shape of the big teeth are no longer needed.

scholarly journals UJI DAYA HAMBAT BAWANG HUTAN Eleutherine palmifolia DENGAN METODE EKSTRAKSI BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Aeromonas hydrophila

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Safratilofa Safratilofa ◽  
Muhammad Sugihartono
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Inhibitory Power ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
Potential Test

The purpose of this research is to know the difference of inhibitory power of onion (Eleutherine palmifolia) with different extraction method to Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria growth. Extraction method that done in this research there are four that is infusion, dekoksi, maserai with 96% alcohol and maceration with 96% ethanol. The method used to look at the inhibitory power of E. palmifolia on the growth of A. hydrophila bacteria is the method of disc diffusion by looking at the inhibit zone results around the disc paper. The hypothesis proposed is the effect of inhibitory power of different methods of extracting E. palmifolia on the growth of A. hydrophila bacteria. The results showed the widest resistor zone found in the treatment of maceration with alcohol that is the amount of 3,5 mmKeywords : Inhibitory potential test,  Extraction Method,  Eleutherine palmifolia, Aeromonas hydrophila.  AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan daya hambat bawang hutan (Eleutherine palmifolia) dengan metode ekstraksi berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Metode ekstraksi yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini ada empat yaitu infusi, dekoksi, maserai dengan alkohol 96% dan maserasi dengan etanol 96%. Metode yang digunakan untuk melihat daya hambat E. palmifolia terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri A. hydrophila adalah metode disc diffusion yaitu dengan melihat hasil zona hambat disekitar kertas cakram.  Hipotesis yang diajukan yaitu adanya pengaruh daya hambat dari perbedaan metode ektraksi E. palmifolia terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri A. hydrophila. Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan zona hambat terluas terdapat pada perlakuan maserasi dengan alkohol yaitu sebesar 3,5 mmKata Kunci : Uji Daya Hambat, Metode Ekstraksi, Eleutherine palmifolia, Aeromonas hydrophila.

scholarly journals PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN DAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR ABSTRAK TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Lily Rohanita Hasibuan ◽  
. Mukhtar ◽  
Abdul Hamid K
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Inquiry Learning ◽  
Abstract Thinking ◽  
Thinking Ability ◽  
The Difference

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) perbedaan hasil belajar matematika antara siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran inkuiri dibandingkan dengan siswa yang diajar dengan  strategi pembelajaran ekspositori; (2) perbedaan hasil belajar matematika antara siswa yang memiliki kemampuan berpikir abstrak tinggi dibandingkan dengan siswa yang memiliki kemampuan berpikir abstrak rendah; dan (3) interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran dengan kemampuan berpikir abstrak dalam mempengaruhi hasil belajar matematika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar matematika siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran inkuiri (rata-rata 80,23) lebih tinggi dibandingkan hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran ekspositori (rata-rata 71,33); kemudian hasil belajar matematika siswa yang memiliki kemampuan berpikir abstrak tinggi (rata-rata 80,20) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan siswa yang memiliki kemampuan berpikir abstrak rendah (rata-rata 71,35). Selanjutnya penelitian menemukan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi antara strategi pembelajaran dan kemampuan berpikir abstrak tehadap hasil belajar matematika siswa. Sebagai tindak lanjut dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan kepada guru matematika untuk lebih inovatif dan kreatif dalam memilih strategi pembelajaran dan diharapkan untuk dapat menerapkan strategi pembelajaran inkuiri untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa. Kata Kunci:   Strategi Pembelajaran Inkuiri, Kemampuan Berpikir Abstrak, Hasil Belajar Matematika  Abstract: The objectives of this study to investigate: (1) the difference achievement of students on mathematics between the students who taught by Inquiry learning strategy and the students who taught by expository learning strategy; (2) the difference achievement of students on mathematics between students who have low and high abstract thinking ability; and (3) an interaction between learning strategy and abstract thinking ability toward the students’ mathematics achievement. The research method used is experimental method. The result of experiment show that the students’ mathematics achievement taught by inquiry learning strategy (80.22) is higher than the students taught by expository learning strategy (71.3), then the mathematics achievement of students with high abstract thinking ability (80.20) is higher than students with low abstract thinking ability (71.31). Then, the research also found that there is no interaction between learning strategy and abstract thinking ability toward the students’ mathematics achievement. So, as the next step it implies the mathematics’ teachers to be more innovative and creative in choosing the learning strategies and applies the inquiry learning strategy in increasing the students’ mathematics achievement. Keywords: Inquiry Learning Strategy, Abstract Thinking Ability, Students’ Mathematics Achievement

scholarly journals INDONESIAN TO ENGLISH SINGABLE TRANSLATIONS BY LOCAL AND FOREIGN TRANSLATORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-234
Author(s):  
Andika Wijaya ◽  
Gloria Christine Setiyowati
Keyword(s):  
Target Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Song Lyric ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Descriptive Method

Song lyric translation is important because in these recent decades people can access songs worldwide. The aim of this research is to gain an understanding of the difference between singable translations made by an Indonesian translator and a foreign translator by investigating what translation procedures and methods occur in two translated songs from Indonesian to English using qualitative descriptive method. The result of this research indicates that the singable translation made by a foreign translator is more identical to the source language (SL) compared to the one made by an Indonesian translator. However, despite the differences, the two translated songs share something in common, for instance the singability and the length of lyrics. Taking the findings into consideration, it could be said that the foreign translator is more faithful to the source text (ST), while the Indonesian translator emphasizes the target language (TL) more.

scholarly journals Implementasi Metode Eksperimen dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar IPA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Made Warsiki
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Mastery Learning ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Is Implementation ◽  
Improve Student Achievement ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research was conducted in Class IX-13 SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja in odd semester of 2016/2017, with condition of learning achievement of IPA not yet fulfill KKM. The purpose of this classroom action research is to improve students' learning achievement through experimental methods. The method of data collection through the test of learning achievement, which then analyzed by using descriptive method quantitative. The data were presented in the form of average learning achievement and learning mastery procession. The results obtained from this study is the students' learning achievement initially averaged only 73.56 with mastery learning 52.78%, then after the implementation of Cycle I student achievement increased to an average of 79.22 with learning completeness reached 83.33 %. Cycle II also happened improvement of student achievement reach 79,76 and learning comprehension 86,11%. The conclusion obtained from this research is Implementation of experimental method can improve student achievement in class IX-13 odd semester, academic year 2016/2017.

scholarly journals Analisis Perbandingan Tax Amnesty Jilid I dan Jilid II (Program Pengungkapan Sukarela) Serta Peluang Keberhasilannya

Owner ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 706-716
Author(s):  
Uswatun Hasanah ◽  
Khairun Na'im ◽  
Elyani Elyani ◽  
Khamo Waruwu
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Tax Amnesty ◽  
Data Rates ◽  
Tax Harmonization ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Descriptive Method

The government has implemented the tax amnesty volume I in July 2016 and ended in March 2017. In early 2022, the government will plan to implement the tax amnesty volume II, which was introduced as the Voluntary Disclosure Program (PPS). This program refers to the Tax Harmonization Law Number 7 of 2021. Although the results obtained during the tax amnesty volume, I did not meet the target, in 2022 the government still plans to implement the tax amnesty volume II. For this reason, it is necessary to analyze the difference between the tax amnesty volume I and the tax amnesty volume II (PPS), as well as predict its effectiveness if this tax amnesty will be implemented later. This study method focuses on a comparative qualitative descriptive method in which data collection is carried out by taking from the library, website, law and articles discussing this tax amnesty. The results obtained are that there are fundamental differences between tax amnesty I and tax amnesty II. The differences are found in the data, rates, and tax subjects. For taxpayers who have participated in the 2016 tax amnesty volume I, the tariff charged is cheaper than those who do not participate in the first volume I tax amnesty and there are restrictions on subjects who may participate in the second tax amnesty. The effectiveness of this second volume of tax amnesty is predicted to be successful with a record that socialization must be maximal, there is no perception that the tax amnesty endangers honest taxpayers, and the view of taxpayers that this tax amnesty is the last tax amnesty so that there is a fear of not paying taxes and being subject to fines.

scholarly journals Crunchy Coconut (Cocos Nucifera) Shell Activated Charcoal Powder Chocolate Cookies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Novelita J. Belmes ◽  
Kristel Jade C. Palma
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hedonic Scale ◽  
Post Hoc

The study aimed to introduce the acceptability of Crunchy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Shell Activated Charcoal Powder Chocolate Cookies. The experimental method of research using Five-Point Hedonic Scale was answered by selected respondents in terms of appearance, aroma, taste and texture. The finding showed that treatment B has the highest mean level that is scaled as “Highly Acceptable” in terms of appearance while in aroma, taste, and texture treatment A has the highest mean level that is scaled as “Highly Acceptable”. Generally, treatment A was accepted by the respondents. There was no significant difference in the level of acceptability of the “ Crunchy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Shell Activated Charcoal Powder Chocolate Cookies” in terms of appearance. In terms of aroma, taste, and texture there was a significant difference in the level of acceptability of the “Crunchy Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Shell Activated Charcoal Powder Chocolate Cookies”. ANOVA was used as statistical tool to test the difference between groups. Post Hoc Test and Scheffe were also used to confirm the differences occurred between groups in an unplanned comparison between groups. Based on the findings and conclusions, recommendations were formulated.

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