STUDY THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF DIETHYL PHTHALATE ON LIVER AND TESTES OF MALE MICE, (Mus musculus)

The current study was designed in order to evaluate the harmful effects of Diethyl Phthalate (DEP) on testes and liver of 8 weeks-old mouse Mus musculus, which were grouped as Control group and Experimental groups. Control group was given corn oil and experimental groups were given dose of DEP I 1.2 mg/g B.W and DEP II 1.60 mg/g B.W in super refined corn oil with the help of syringe for 21 days. Dose quantity was 0.1 ml. Glutathione Peroxidase 5(GPx5) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) hormones were used. Morphological examination was done on both experimental group and control group. Methods In Dose group, DEP I (1.2 mg/g B W) various deformities were observed i.e. wrinkled surface, shrinkage and reduced size of testes, while in dose group, DEP II (1.60 mg/g BW) showed abnormalities in their size, appearance , shape, their surface become wrinkled and shrinkage of cell also observed. In Morphometric analysis the control and experimental group showed significant results regarding length, width and weight. In control group there is no certain change in the weight, length and width of testes of male mice, whereas in dose group, DEP 1 (1.2 mg/g B.W) and DEP II (1.60 mg/g B.W) shows the significant effects on decreasing length, width and weight of testes in both groups. In the current experiment, the glutathione level has decreased after the intake of dose in male mice. Experimental group show decreased level of glutathione while control group show the normal level. In the recent experiment the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased after administration of certain doses. In control group, MDA level remains normal while in the experimental group, MDA level increases and the antioxidant enzyme of testicles, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and a hormone testosterone significantly decreased. Liver histological examination in control group show normal deposition of glycogen, normal and intact association of sinusoid, portal vein, with complete lobular boundary, and appear

Download Full-text

STUDY THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF SODIUM METABISULFITE ON LIVER, TESTEs, AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN MALE MICE, (MUS MUSCULUS)

International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology ◽

10.33564/ijeast.2021.v06i05.004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Irum Naureen ◽

Aisha Saleem ◽

Attique Nawaz ◽

Mahnoor Javed

Keyword(s):

Dose Group ◽

Sharp Decrease ◽

Bile Canaliculus ◽

Blood Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Sodium Metabisulfite ◽

Male Mice ◽

Key Factor ◽

Morphological Defects ◽

Length Width

The present study was designed to evaluate the toxic effect of Sodium metabisulfite (SMB) on testes and liver of 8 week- old mouse, which were grouped as control (C) and dose group, SM (500 mg/kg B.W SMB). The Experimental group was injected 0.1ml SM (500 mg/g B.W + 10 ml distilled water) for twenty-one days, while a control group was given 0.1 ml water for the same durations. Recovered testes were subjected to morphological, morphometric, and histological analysis. A Hormone evaluation was also conducted. Methods Dose group SM (500 mg/kg B.W SMB) showed morphological defects like wrinkles on the surface, shrinkage, small size, whereas the testes of control group appeared normal just like control (C). Morphometric analysis of dose group SM (500 mg/g B.W SMB) showed significant decrease in length, width and weight of testis as compared to control group. Blood analysis showed significantly levels of testosterone and glutathione reductions in dose group SM (500 mg/g B.W SMB) as compared to the control group. While the level of Melanodialdehyde (MDA) increased significantly in dose group SM (500 mg/g B.W SMB) as compare to the control group. Histological defects were observed in testes of dose group SM (500 mg/g B.W SMB) like deshaped somniferous tubule, degenerated spermatids, vacuolization, rupturing of germinal epithelium, absence of sperms in the lumen, degenerated peritubular myoid cells, hyalinization, cluster of degenerated spermatozoa in lumen and absence of leydig cells. Histology of the liver showed various defects like mitotic cells, vacuolization, degeneration of hepatic cells and cell shrinkage, broad suicidal spacing, absence of bile canaliculus cells, regenerated kuppfer cell, and interrupted sheet of hepatocytes. Conclusion - The harmful impact of sodium metabisulfite on the liver and reproductive system of male mice. A Sharp decrease in the level of testosterone was formed to be a key factor for studied deformation in morphology, morphometry, and histol

Download Full-text

Probucol Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-induced Oxidative Apoptosis, p53 and Bax Signal Expression in Rat Cardiac Tissues

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.4161/oxim.3.5.13107 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 308-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Yousif A. Asiri

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Antioxidant Genes ◽

Cardiac Tissues

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used drug in cancer chemotherapy and immunosuppression, which could cause toxicity of the normal cells due to its toxic metabolites. Probucol, a cholesterol-lowering drug, acts as potential inhibitor of DNA damage and shows to protect against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by enhancing the endogenous antioxidant system including glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase. This study examined the possible protective effects of probucol, a lipid-lowering compound with strong antioxidant properties, against CPinduced cardiotoxicity. This objective could be achieved through studying the gene expression-based on the possible protective effects of probucol against CP-induced cardiac failure in rats. Adult male Wistar albino rats were assigned into four treatment groups: Animals in the first (control) and second (probucol) groups were injected intraperitoneally with corn oil and probucol (61 mg/kg/day), respectively, for two weeks. Animals in the third (CP) and fourth (probucol plus CP) groups were injected with the same doses of corn oil and probucol (61 mg/kg/day), respectively, for one week before and one week after a single dose of CP (200 mg/kg, I.P.). The p53, Bax, Bcl2 and oxidative genes signal expression were measured by real time PCR. CP-induced cardiotoxicity was clearly observed by a significant increase in serum creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) (117%), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (64%), free (69%) and esterified cholesterol (42%) and triglyceride (69%) compared to control group. In cardiac tissues, CP significantly increases the mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes, p53 with two-fold and Bax with 1.6-fold, and decreases the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 with 0.5-fold. Moreover, CP caused downregulation of antioxidant genes, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase and increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (40%) and ATP/ADP (44%) in cardiac tissues. Probucol pretreatment not only counteracted significantly the CP-induced increase in cardiac enzymes and apoptosis but also induced a significant increase in mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes and improved ATP, ATP/ADP, glutathione (GSH) in cardiac tissues. In conclusion, data from the present study suggest that probucol prevents the development of CP-induced cardiotoxicity by a mechanism related, at least in part, to its ability to increase mRNA expression of antioxidant genes and to decrease apoptosis in cardiac tissues with the consequent improvement in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and energy production.

Download Full-text

Noise Exposure Decreases the Number of Spermatozoa in Male Mice (Mus musculus L.) Even With Grape Seed Extract (Vitis vinifera L.) Administration

WMJ (Warmadewa Medical Journal) ◽

10.22225/wmj.5.2.1785.70-75 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 70-75

Author(s):

Ghestiara Siregar

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Mus Musculus ◽

Noise Exposure ◽

Grape Seed Extract ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Not Given ◽

Male Mice

Excessive continuous noises exposure changes the male hormone system which leads to formation of oxidative stress and results in disrupt of semen quality. This condition can be reduced by the use of antioxidants. Grape seed is one of the antioxidants that contains phenol components that have Resveratrol compounds. This research aimed to observe the effect of noise exposure on the number of spermatozoa of male mice given grape seed extract. The method of the research was a post-test only control group design with research subjects of 30 male Mus musculus L. (Swiss Webster) mice divided into 5 groups: group A (treatment control) was not given noise exposure and grape seed extract, group B (negative control) was not given noise exposure and was given grape seed extract, groups C, D, E (treatment group) were given noise exposure with sequential intensities of 65 dB, 85 dB, 105 dB. The treatment was given for 33 days. The results showed that noise exposure with different intensities of 65 dB, 85 dB, 105 dB reduced the spermatozoa count of male Swiss Webster mice even with the administration of grape seed extract. One Way Anova test was used to analyze the data with p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: There were differences in spermatozoa count between the control group and the treatment group. Provision of noise exposure with a value above the threshold limit reduces the number of male Swiss Webster mice spermatozoa given with grape seed extract. Keywords: Number of Spermatozoa, Grape Seed Extract, Noise exposure

Download Full-text

Adhesion of Malassezia pachydermatis of different growth type to canine epithelial cells

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.2478/pjvs-2014-0051 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 365-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Florek ◽

J. Król ◽

Z. Staroniewicz ◽

B. Bażanów

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Control Group ◽

Growth Type ◽

Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Experimental Group

Abstract This study focuses on the effect of parenteral administration of Selenium (Se) and vitamin E on concentration of Se in plasma and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the blood of dairy cows during peripartal period and their effect on the reduction of clinical mastitis. From a 220 individuals Holstein herd in a two-four lactation-gestation cycle the control group (C), 1st (D1) and 2nd (D2) experimental group were selected. Every group consisted of 15 cows in the last phase of the pregnancy. All cows were fed with the diet containing 0.1 mg of Se per kg/DM. The blood samples from vena jugularis were collected approximately 21 days before calving (control sampling), 3 days, 12 days and 21 days after calving. On the day of control sampling and 12 days before calving in D1 group, cows were injected subcutaneously in the sprescapular region with preparation Selevit inj. a.u.v. at the doses of 48.4 mg/head of Se, and 550 IU/head of α-Tocoferol (α-Toc). In D2 group, cows were injected by the same preparation only on 21th day before calving with the same doses of Se and α-Toc. The increase in the concentration of Se in the plasma and activity GPx in blood in D1 group on the 3rd day and 12th day after calving were determined. Increase in plasmatic concentrations α-Toc on 3rd day after calving and reduction of occurrence of clinical mastitis (13.3%) as compared with control group were found

Download Full-text

Changes in the sizes of the kidney after contralateral nephrectomy in the experiment

Reports of Morphology ◽

10.31393/morphology-journal-2018-24(3)-08 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 52-57

Author(s):

V.M. Monastyrskyi

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Period ◽

Left Kidney ◽

Abdominal Cavity ◽

White Male ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Length Width ◽

Sexually Mature ◽

Experimental Group

The evaluation of renal measurements such as length, width and thickness, volume is important in the diagnosis and treatment of many renal disorders, since there is a close relationship between the sizes of the kidneys and its function. The purpose of the study was to establish and compare during the postoperative period changes in the mass and sizes of the kidney left after nephrectomy in the sexually mature male rats. An experimental study was carried out on 84 sexually mature white male rats weighing 178-194 grams. Animals were divided into two groups: control (42 rats) and experimental (42 rats). In the control group, the animals under ketamine anesthesia were followed by an abdominal cavity dilution, after which the abdominal wall was applied in a row. All animals of the experimental group performed surgical intervention – nephrectomy of the left kidney. The animals were withdrawn from the trial by intra-pleural administration of thiopental-sodium 50 mg/kg after 7, 14, 21, 30, 90 days after nephrectomy. Macroscopic evaluation and description of the kidneys of animals was performed after their removal. Their weight was determined on the laboratory scale of HLR-200 up to 0.1 mg, and the length, width and thickness of the organ were measured with the help of a caliper to an accuracy of 0.05 mm. Calculated the volume of the kidney. The statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using the program STATISTICA 5.5 using parametric methods for evaluating the results. It was established that the mass, length, width, thickness and volume of the kidney of animals in the experimental group, as compared with the control group, were statistically significantly higher in all terms of observation. The fraction of the growth of the width and thickness of the single kidney of animals in the experimental group compared with the control animals in the animals was statistically significantly greater than the proportion of kidney growth during the postoperative period. It was found that the largest increase in the mass and thickness of the kidney, as compared with the control group, was observed after 30 days of the postoperative period, and the greatest increase in the length and width of the kidney, as compared with the control group, was observed after 14 days of the postoperative period.

Download Full-text

THE EFFECT OF RED DRAGON FRUIT SKIN EXTRACT (Hylocereus polyrhizus) ON THE NUMBER OF LEYDIG CELLS, DIAMETER OF SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES, AND TESTICULAR WEIGHT OF MALE MICE (Mus musculus) EXPOSURED WITH HOT TEMPERATURES

Ovozoa Journal of Animal Reproduction ◽

10.20473/ovz.v10i1.2021.18-24 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

Kukuh Prastyaningtyas ◽

Rochmah Kurnijasanti ◽

Rahmi Sugihartuti ◽

Suherni Susilowati ◽

Tri Wahyu Suprayogi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mus Musculus ◽

Leydig Cells ◽

Heat Exposure ◽

Seminiferous Tubules ◽

Control Group ◽

Skin Extract ◽

Male Mice ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Testicular Weight ◽

Hylocereus Polyrhizus

This study aims to determine the effect of red dragon (Hylocereus polyrhizus) fruit peel extract (RDFPE) on the parameters of Leydig cells number, seminiferous tubules diameter, and testicular weight of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to heat (40°C). Twenty adult male mice were divided randomly into five groups. The control group (C) mice only received a placebo. Meanwhile, the treatment groups mice were exposed to heat for 45 minutes daily for 36 days and oral administration of placebo, RDFPE of 250, 500, and 1000mg/kg BW for T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The result showed that heat exposure on mice (T0 group) caused a lower of all of the parameters (p <0.05) than normal mice (control group, C). RDFPE administration at a dose of 250 mg/kg BW (T1 group) and 500 mg/kg BW (T2 group) resulted in a higher value of those parameters (p <0.05) compared to the T0 group. All those parameters of the T2 group (dose of 500 mg/kg BW) were not significantly different (p >0.05) than the control group (normal mice). However, the higher dose of RDFPE (1000 mg/kg BW, T3 group) resulted in the lower values of those parameters (p <0.05) than those of the T2 group. It could be concluded that 500mg/kg BW dose of RDFPE could return Leydig cells number, seminiferous tubules diameter, and testicular weight of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to heat.

Download Full-text

Efek Analgesik Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Mangrove Api-Api Putih (Avicennia alba) terhadap Mencit (Mus musculus L.) Jantan yang Diinduksi Asam Asetat 0,7%

Hang Tuah Medical journal ◽

10.30649/htmj.v18i1.247 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 68

Author(s):

ANDREW THEO WILLIAM CHRIS PURMATA ◽

LESTARI DEWI ◽

CHOESNAN EFFENDI

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Traditional Medicine ◽

Mus Musculus ◽

Analgesic Effect ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Male Mice ◽

Mangrove Species ◽

Avicennia Alba

Background : Avicennia alba or known as mangrove api-api putih is a type of mangrove species which has many benefits and often to be used by the local Indonesians as traditional medicine. The alcaloid and flavonoid substances derived from Avicennia alba leaves could inhibit pain. This study aims to determine the analgesic effect of Avicennia alba leaves extract in male mice (Mus musculus L.) induced by acetic acid 0,7%.Method :25 mice were divided into 5 groups that were given different therapies. The therapy are 10 mL/kg bw of water, 150 mg/kg bw of acetosal, 250 mg/kg bw; 500mg/kg bw; 1000 mg/kg bw of Avicennia alba leaves extract. 0,7% acetic acid with dose of 10 mL/kg bw is given to each subject intraperitoneally 30 minutes after the therapy to induce pain. The pain is manifested as writhes in mice, the writhes then are counted repeatedly each 10 minutes for 30 minutes.Result:: mean of writhes in group treated with Avicennia alba leaves extract in 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw with each value 6,20 and 9,40 are less than mean of writhes in negative control group with value 31,40. %inhibition of Avicennia alba leaves extract with dose of 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw respectively are 80,25% and 70,06%.Conclusion : Avicennia alba leaves extract in 250 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw dosage showed analgesic effect in male mice (Mus musculus L.) induced with 0,7% acetic acid.Keywords :pain, analgesic, Avicennia alba

Download Full-text

Perubahan Kualitas Sperma Mencit (Mus musculus) Yang Terpapar Asap Rokok Elektrik

BIOTROPIC The Journal of Tropical Biology ◽

10.29080/biotropic.2019.3.2.122-128 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 122-128

Author(s):

Andita Ayu Mandasari ◽

Siti Nur Asiyah ◽

Kurnia Lintang

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Cigarette Smoke ◽

Mus Musculus ◽

Group Treatment ◽

Time Lag ◽

Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽

Control Group ◽

Male Mice ◽

Suction Device ◽

Treatment Groups

Smoking is one of the habits that can affect human health. One type of cigarette that is currently the choice is electric cigarettes. The e-cigarette content includes nicotine, propylene glycol, flavorings and glycerin. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exposure to e-cigarette smoke on mice strain balb / c with the parameters of the number of spermatozoa. This study used 15 male mice which were 8-10 weeks old and weighed 25-30 grams of male mice which were divided into 3 treatment groups namely control group, treatment group one and treatment group two. In the control group no exposure to cigarette smoke was carried out while in the treatment group one was exposed to cigarette smoke in mice with a dose of 0 mg nicotine and the second treatment group was exposed to e-cigarette smoke at a dose of 18 mg nicotine. Electric cigarette smoke exposure is carried out for 30 days using a suction device from a syringe. The exposure of cigarette smoke is carried out every day with successive doses of 20 times as much as 3 times with a time lag of 10 minutes (5 minutes the chamber is closed and 5 minutes of the chamber is opened). The results showed that the average number of spermatozoa in the control group was 16.816 million / ml. The average number of spermatozoa in treatment one was 10.432 million / ml and the average number of spermatozoa in treatment two was 5.234 million / ml. This shows that exposure to cigarette smoke can reduce the number of spermatozoa from the control group to the first treatment by 42.56% and the second treatment shows a decrease from the first group by 34.65%.

Download Full-text

THE INFLUENCE OF RED FRUIT (PANDANUS CONOIDEUS LAM.) OIL ON GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE LEVEL AT MAXIMUM PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11s1.26579 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 104 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fajar Apollo Sinaga ◽

Nora Susanti

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Experimental Research ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Male Mice ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Fruit Oil

Objectives: This study aims to see the effect of red fruit oil (RFO) on glutathione peroxidase (GPx) level at maximum physical activity.Methods: This study is an experimental research using the design of randomized control group pretest-posttest. This study was using 24 male mice divided into four groups, the control group was given aquadest, the treatment groups P1, P2, and P3 were given the RFO orally of 0.15 ml/kg BW, 0.3 ml/kg BW, and 0.6 ml/kg BW, respectively, for a month. The level of GPx was checked for all groups at the beginning of study and after the maximum physical activity. The obtained data were then tested statistically using t-test and ANOVA.Results: The result shows the RFO supplementation during exercise increased the GPx level in P1, P2, and P3 groups with p<0.05, and the higher RFO dosage resulted in higher GPx level at p<0.05.Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is the RFO could increase the level of GPx at maximum physical activity.

Download Full-text

Effects of Octylphenol Biodegradation and Toxicity in Biological Systems

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.7.6401 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (7) ◽

pp. 1710-1713

Author(s):

Gabi Dumitrescu ◽

Dorel Dronca ◽

Liliana Petculescu Ciochina ◽

Mirela Ahmadi ◽

Ioan Pet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Fertility ◽

Corn Oil ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Vehicle Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Industrialized Countries ◽

Group V ◽

Morphological Alterations ◽

Adult Mice ◽

Experimental Group

In industrialized countries, many researches have highlighted a correlation between the presence of octylphenol in different plastics or detergents and its estrogenic effect. The metabolism of alkylphenols (4-n-octylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol) is depending on alkyl chain and at testicular level act as endocrine disruptions. The purpose of our work was to evaluate the octylphenol effect on the testicular morphological changes in mice. Our experiment was performed on adult mice, divided into three experimental groups of 5 individuals each, respectively: control group (C -untreated); the vehicle group (V) treated with ethanol and corn oil mixt (1:10); and experimental group (E - treated with octylphenol in concentrations of 80 mg / kg body weight). Octylphenol is a pollutant that has to be monitoring because our study showed a decrease in male fertility due to morphological alterations as a result of exposure to a series of hormone mimetic molecules. Animals exposed to octylphenol presented morphological changes at the testicular level manifested disorganization of the seminiferous epithelium, hypertrophic and hypereosinophilic spermatocytes, presence of apoptotic bodies, as well as the diffuse hyperplasia of the Leydig interstitial cells, proving that octylphenol negative influences the male fertility.

Download Full-text