scholarly journals REVIEW PAPER ON HARVESTING ENERGY USING PIEZOELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niharika Wakchaure ◽  
Shashank Waghmare ◽  
Ruchira Rakshe ◽  
Minaxi Rai Sharma ◽  
Ashish Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Tidal Power ◽  
The Road ◽  
Global Energy Consumption

A life of human beings is dependent on the energy which they consume for their everyday purpose, it can be for illumination, running a gadget and many other purposes which contribute towards the development of mankind and also for economic growth. If global energy consumption is taken into consideration, every resource has its own quantity. As the years pass by, one can observe the depletion of naturally available conventional resources of energy. Hence, the world has been shifting to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, tidal power. Even though, there isn’t any greater transformation in the energy consumption from the conventional sources due to their higher efficiency deliveries. If an alternative energy resource has to be discovered, one has to look for the sources available in the surrounding. When the road traffic is considered for an instance, the number of vehicles travelling are enormous and due to the movement, every vehicle induces a certain number of vibrations into the pavement below which collectively turns out to be plenty if the vibrations from all the vehicles are to be taken in account. The researchers have come up with a technology to harness this energy and make it usable to the consumers. To convert one form of energy to another, a transducer can be used which is capable of transforming the entire input energy into an output voltage. This form of output is said to be called ‘piezoelectricity’ where the incident pressure is potentially converted into electricity that can be utilized for numerous purposes.

scholarly journals PERSPECTIVES OF USING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN EUROPE

10.23856/2705 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Lidiya Shergina ◽  
Alla Zhemba ◽  
Nataliia Revutska ◽  
Yulia Burma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Energy Independence ◽  
Ecological Type ◽  
Global Energy Consumption

The article is devoted to the issues of the functioning and development of energy in each country, caused mainly by the economic expediency of renewable energy and the requirements of energy independence. Also, the article examines the importance of replacing traditional fuels with alternative energy sources. The international experience of the countries in the field of efficient use of available natural resources of the fuel and energy complex and enhancement of the potential of the energy sector have been analyzed. A number of common characteristics and directions of energy efficiency improvement for European countries are highlighted. Alternative types of energy and measures necessary for their implementation have been offered. The potential resources of renewable energy sources have been analyzed. The article is devoted to the use of economical and ecological type of fuel - biofuel for Ukraine. On the basis of the analysis of the situation on the energy market, renewable energy is examine, which plays a compensatory role in global energy consumption in the conditions of growing exhaustion of non-renewable sources.

Energy Consumption Optimization in Agriculture and Development Perspectives

2021 ◽  
pp. 1505-1525
Author(s):  
Dmitry Tikhomirov ◽  
Andrey Izmailov ◽  
Yakov Lobachevsky ◽  
Anatoly Tikhomirov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Energy Consumption Optimization ◽  
Decentralized Energy ◽  
Supply Systems

In this article, indicators of energy consumption in agriculture for Russian Federation are discussed, starting from the year 1990, and their forecast values for the period up to 2030 with the analysis of the decay in the period from 1991 to 2010 and gradual growth of energy resources consumption started in 2010 and continued to the present day has been analyzed. The outlines of the strategy of rural energy base development and optimization have been considered. Demand, development, and implementation conditions of decentralized energy supply systems have been substantiated, and their features, composition, and application field have been specified. It has been shown that the major energy resource of standalone energy systems is local and renewable energy sources and of agricultural production wastes. Methods and technologies for the conversion of renewable energy sources (RES), biomass, and waste of agricultural production into heat and power have been characterized.

scholarly journals Management of the Biofuel Production Development on the Basis of Scenario Planning

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Inna Kuznetsova ◽  
Olha Balabash ◽  
Nataliia Semenyshena ◽  
Yuliya Karpenko ◽  
Oksana Dudziak
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Scenario Planning ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Scenario Tree ◽  
Production Development

The aim of the article is to substantiate the methodological approaches of scenario planning in the management of biofuel production development. The following methods were used in order to achieve the goal: cross-factor analysis, scenario planning method, expert methods, and scenario tree. The study analyzed primary energy consumption by economic sector and the total supply of primary energy by source, resulting in a declining supply of non-renewable energy sources such as oil, gas, coal and growing supply of biomass and waste, which was a source of biofuel production. The grouping of biofuel properties from the point of view of its attractiveness as an alternative energy resource was carried out. Factors that can negatively affect the pace of development of biofuel production are systematized. Dominant factors that had a critical impact on the development of biofuels have been identified: fluctuations in prices for electricity production in the traditional way, change in the popularity of greenhouse gas emission reduction programs, fluctuations in the use of electric vehicles, fluctuations in prices for fossil fuels, change in funding for programs to reduce environmental pollution and climate change. Stages of scenario planning with the use of cross-factor analysis were offered. A scenario tree model was formed. A matrix of cross-influence was constructed using expert evaluation and a scale of relations. The procedure of cross-influence and determination of dominant factors influencing the development of the activity “biofuel production” was proposed, which was characterized by the use of cross-factor analysis, which allowed assessing the probability of scenarios, establishing the interaction between them, and further calculating the expected effect from the implementation of measures. Applied research results and scenario assessments of the development potential of this area of activity can be used by entrepreneurs in the context of development and further implementation of investment projects for biofuel production.

scholarly journals BIOMASS COMPACTION POTENTIALITIES

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Ēriks Kronbergs
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Emission Mitigation ◽  
Biomass Densification ◽  
Alternative Energy Resources ◽  
Global Energy Consumption

Substantial increases in global energy consumption and depletion o f fossil energy resources demand for development o f alternative energy resources. The more significant part (74%) of renewable energy sources has been planned for biomass energy in European Union. Substitution of fossil feedstocks for energy and materials by biomass is important measure for GHG emission mitigation. Development o f biodegradable polymers, construction materials and organic fertilizers from biomass let us challenge economy to a more sustainable way.Naturally biomass is material of low density therefore new mobile equipment and technologies for biomass communition and densification have to be worked out. Compacted biomass has higher volumetric energy density and can be easier transported and stored than natural biomass.Wheat straw biomass densification experiments have been carried out. Chopped straw with moisture content less 10% has been used for densification. Fine chopping significantly influence compacting density and is more preferable as heating. Cold compacting of fine chopped wheat stalk material with addition o f molasses more than 9% and sapropel more than 18% provide density lg/cm3 without any heating. The same density (Ig/cm3) has been obtained in compacting o f straw and peat composition. These results are useful for briquetting technology design.

UNIVERSAL ENERGY-SAVING DESIGN BASED ON RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
S.V. Cheremnykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Reliable Design ◽  
Global Energy Consumption ◽  
Base Object

The aim of the research is to ensure energy and, as a result, environmental safety of regions with non-traditional energy supply by developing reliable and sustainable structures using renewable energy sources. The main objectives of the research are: to study the experience in the field of obtaining and using wind and solar energy, as well as its combination; to justify the need to use environmentally friendly methods of generating electricity; to develop a standard design and management system based on renewable energy sources; calculation of electrical circuits for obtaining, storing and transporting energy from natural sources. The method of solving the research tasks is: theoretical analysis, systematization, comparison and correction of new and previously obtained data on the possibility of using existing products; development of a modular design that takes into account the possibility of reconfiguration of the component base; object modeling using simplified models. It is worth noting that in the conditions of rapid growth in global energy consumption, a strong and reliable design consisting of standard elements allows you to compensate for energy consumption in various industries of low power production, as well as generate and store energy in areas where there is a need for it.

scholarly journals Impact of Road Geometry on Vehicle Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions: An Energy-Efficiency Rating Methodology

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Ferreira ◽  
Carlos Manuel Rodrigues ◽  
Carlos Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Geometry ◽  
Fuel Models ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Microsimulation Models ◽  
The Impact

This study presents a methodology for classifying road traffic energy efficiency. The indicators defined discriminate the impact of the road vertical and horizontal alignments upon energy consumption, disclosing the improvement potential of the road as a function of the traffic origin–destination matrix. The methodologic approach is based on basic physical principals, thus guarantying its generality, as opposed to the usual empirical mesoscale approaches. A simplified algebraic procedure is also proposed, resorting to simplified driving cycles and a constant speed assumption (CSA), thus avoiding the intricacy of microscale/microsimulation models. The simplified methodology was validated against field data acquired on the Portuguese highway A25. A microscale vehicle specific power analysis combined with detailed fuel models is compared against CSA results. The findings demonstrate its adequacy for free-flow traffic conditions and the importance of classifying road traffic energy-efficiency. For the case studied, it was found that 49.5% of the round trip propulsive energy expended by a 37-ton truck on the A25, a modern road, was degraded as heat through braking. The difference found between the microscale analysis and CSA approach is 0.8%, despite the speed unevenness, varying between 32 and 96 km/h, with a standard deviation of 24% of the average speed.

scholarly journals Wave energy resource assessment at southern coast of the Gulf of Mexico

DYNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (193) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Alejandro Gonzalez-Carrillo ◽  
Raziel Ruiz-Cabrera ◽  
Quetzalcoatl Cruz Hernandez-Escobedo ◽  
Aranzazú Fernández-García ◽  
Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Density Wave ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Southern Coast

Find alternative energy sources is one of the challenges that came with XXI century and this paper makes an analysis about wave energy, which presents several advantages over fossil based energy and even other renewable energy sources. Among them are its low environmental impact and its high energy density. Wave energy is beginning to be considered as an important and promising renewable resource in many countries. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the wave energy potential at the southern coast of the Gulf of Mexico; the sea states were observed and was obtained that the available mean wave power is 55.91 W/m. In addition, this paper shows that, in the study site, the most energetic season is fall and the less energetic season is spring. This differs from the global trend, were the most energetic season is winter, and the less energetic season is spring.

scholarly journals TO DETERMINING THE PERFORMANCE AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF VEHICLES IN THE CONTEXT OF URBAN MOBILITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (50) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Kostian N ◽  
◽  
ŚMIESZEK M ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
The Road ◽  
Set Up

Transport flows, which go through the street-road grid of the city, in combination with external factors that affect their movement, set up the system, the operation of which requires adjustment to optimal modes. The article proposes an approach to evaluate the efficiency of traffic organization in terms of urban mobility according to the criteria of their energy efficiency and productivity. The approach is based on the principles of morphological analysis of the traffic flow system, which identifies five main functional elements of the system: car, traffic flow, road, traffic controls and traffic environment. Twenty-two significant morphological features, both quantitative and qualitative, have been identified for morphological elements, for which variants of their implementation have been set. Quantitative meters have been identified for qualitative features, which will allow the synthesis of typical system structures and determine their optimal modes of operation. The total number of possible structures of the system reaches 1,7496·1014. The morphological characteristics unambiguously correspond to the parameters of the system of objective functions, the increments of which during the solution of the optimization problem are components of the integrated criterion of vehicle efficiency. Driving vehicles in optimal conditions will reduce energy consumption and increase their productivity, reduce traffic congestion, improve the environmental condition of the roadside environment and reduce the level of road hazards. The results of morphological analysis should be used in the process of statistical analysis of system parameters in order to develop adequate nonlinear mathematical models with set of output parameters to control the current and forecast future conditions of the system at different levels of detail of the road network. KEYWORDS: MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS, TRANSPORT FLOW, EFFICIENCY OF VEHICLES, ENERGY CONSUMPTION, PRODUCTIVITY.

scholarly journals PATTERNS OF ATTENTION AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION CHANGES IN TWILIGHT DURING DRIVING URBAN STREETS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (157) ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
O. Prasolenko ◽  
D. Burko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Driving Experience ◽  
The Road ◽  
Conflict Situations

The dynamic process of movement of vehicles in cities is associated with interaction with objects of the road environment. Road conditions, traffic and pedestrians require certain actions from the driver to ensure road safe-ty. Under such circumstances, the reliability and safety of road traffic in human-machine systems mainly depends on the functional state of the driver (provided that the technical component, the subsystem is “car”) and his ability to respond to changes in the traffic situation when obstacles arise (conflict situations). The development of states of tension and fatigue of the driver is associated with an increase in energy costs, which leads to a natural in-crease in the heart rate, respiration and other parameters indicating changes in the energy balance of the driver's body. Eye Tracking technology has been applied to detect attention. Energy costs were determined using a method that takes into account the frequency of the driver's external respiration when driving on the road and in the background. As a result, a model of change in the attention of drivers with driving experience and a model of en-ergy consumption when driving in the evening twilight at a certain level of illumination were obtained. To determine the influence of conflict situations during movement in the evening twilight on the indicator of attention and energy consumption of the driver, a study was carried out in real conditions on city streets. A group of drivers with experience of 3-5 years and 10-16 years performed arrivals in the evening twilight on passenger cars "C" class. Experimental studies of the indicator of drivers' attention and functional state in conditions of evening twilight were carried out on different categories of city streets. The study involved drivers between the ages of 20 and 40. The obtained dependences of the change in the driver's functional state on illumination showed that at low illumination levels in the evening twilight, a rapid increase in the driver's functional state shifts. Thus, the energy consumption of the driver while driving depends on the types of conflict situations and the level of illumination. It was found that for drivers with less than 5 years of driving experience, shifts in functional state were more im-portant than other drivers. Also, such drivers had lower attention indicators compared to experienced drivers with more than 10 years of driving experience. It was found that when the illumination changes at dusk, the energy consumption increases on average to 3.3 kcal / min for drivers with less than 5 years of experience, and for drivers with more than 10 years of experience, it increases by 2.4 kcal / min on average. Keywords: driver, conflict situations, attention, energy costs.

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