scholarly journals Intake mercury lead and arsenic with feeds and their accumulation (bioconcentration) in cattle and sheep organism

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-186
Author(s):  
I. Epifanova ◽  
V. Epimakhov
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Trophic Chain ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

When managing livestock in technologically polluted areas to assess and prevent the negative impact of feed on farm animals, to obtain products that meet sanitary and hygienic safety requirements, it is important to monitor constantly the levels of pollution by main ecotoxicants in all parts of the trophic chain soil — feed — animal body — livestock production. If acceptance contamination levels are higher than it is required, it is necessary to take measures for contaminants decreasing in final livestock products. A review of the study of intake mercury, lead and arsenic with feeds in cattle and sheep organisms under the condition of technogenic–affected agricultural areas is presented in this paper. Estimation of the contamination levels of individual links of the food trophic chain by these ecotoxicants is given. The article describes the experience of using enterosorbents in the diet as one of the most important ways to reduce the content of heavy metals in the body of farm animals and in the final products of animal husbandry.

CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF LEAD METABOLISM IN THE ORGANISM OF FARM ANIMALS WITH MULTI-CHAMBER STOMACH UNDER INTAKE WITH A RATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-327
Author(s):  
V.G. Epimakhov ◽  
◽  
E.B. Mirzoev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Trophic Chain ◽  
Lead Metabolism ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Lead Intake

A conceptual model of lead metabolism in the organism of farm animals with a multi-chamber stomach under intake with a ration is presented. The input parameters are determined by the daily intake of lead from the diet and the factors that modify this process. The model includes three compartments: 1) transport of lead in the gastrointestinal tract (rumen, reticulum, omasum, abomasum, small and thick intestine); 2) distribution and accumulation of lead in organs and tissues (liver, kidneys, spleen, heart, lungs, blood, mammary gland, skin, muscle and bone tissue); 3) removal of lead from the body (urine, feces, wool, milk, fetal). The paper discusses the use of the model to assess the parameters of the transition on the trophic chain «ration–animal–food», forecasting and determining the acceptable level of lead intake with feed in order to ensure the production of environmentally safe products in the conduct of animal husbandry in conditions of contamination of agricultural land.

scholarly journals Detoxication agents and technologies for animal husbandry under conditions of anthropogenic pollution

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00018
Author(s):  
Lyubov L. Zakharova ◽  
Georgiy A. Zhorov ◽  
Vasiliy I. Dorozhkin ◽  
Viktor N. Obryvin ◽  
Natalya A. Brichko
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Human Economic Activity ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
The Impact

The impact of human economic activity on the environment is increasingly taking the form of combined pollution with various ecotoxicants including xenobiotics of radiation (caesium-137, strontium-90) and chemical (mercury, cadmium, lead and other toxic elements) nature. Today, this is one of the most urgent and insufficiently studied scientific problems. At current levels of systematic intake and accumulation of ecotoxicants in the body of productive animals, various anthropogenic and environmental organopathologies and diseases develop, and the risk of obtaining products that are dangerous to the consumer increases. In this regard, in the conditions of combined technogenic pollution of agroecosystems, it is necessary to solve the problem of ensuring the production of safe and biologically complete livestock products and maintaining the health and useful qualities of farm animals. The article presents the results of research on the development of compositions and technologies for the use of sorption-detoxifying complexes in the form of feed additives to reduce the accumulation and negative effects of ecotoxicants on the animal body and ensure the production of safe products.

scholarly journals Current state and development trends of livestock in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
S. M. Yessengaliyeva ◽  
M. A. Mansurova ◽  
A. D. Makhmudov ◽  
L. V. Fedorchenko
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Republic

The article is devoted to the study and analysis of the current state of the animal husbandry industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of regions. The indicators of the dynamics of the number of livestock of farm animals for the period 2015-2019 by regions, indicators of productivity in the industry, indicators of the volume of production of meat products are analyzed. The dynamics and structure of costs in the country’s livestock industry are also considered.Today, one of the most pressing problems in the development of the agro-industrial complex is the low level of labor productivity due to low automation and digitalization of technological processes. The need to meet the demand for livestock products in the domestic market of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as to increase its export resources, poses a challenge for Kazakhstani science and practice to develop, scientifically substantiate and master modern technologies for the production of low-cost, environmentally friendly, competitive products of the industry. They should be resource-saving, aimed at maximizing the use and improvement of the genetic potential of farmed farm animals, adapted to the specific natural and economic conditions of the regions of the republic. The development and mastering of such technologies will make it possible to weaken the negative impact of the industry on the environment, reduce the cost of material resources, and effectively use the available land and water resources [5].The main problems hindering the effective development of the country’s livestock industry are identified. The promising strategic directions for the development of this industry have been determined. From the point of view of experts of the financial organization, the country has good potential and opportunities to export its beef and pork to China, and the lamb of the Edilbay sheep breed to the countries of the Middle East.

AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO THE PROVISION OF SAFETY OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF TECHNOGENIC PRESSURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
L. L. Zakharova ◽  
◽  
G. A. Zhorov ◽  
V. N. Obryvin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Trophic Chain ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Vitamin Deficiencies ◽  
Livestock Breeding

In the conditions of increasing anthropogenic pressure on the environment, the issues of developing and applying effective means and methods for preventing the admission and cumulation of xenobiotics in the organism of animals and the products obtained become of high importance. At the same time, it is necessary to solve such issues as deficiencies of micro and macro elements in soils, feed and the body, the effect of oxidative stress, immune deficiency and other problems that are closely interrelated with the effect of ecotoxicants on the body. The solution of practical problems of preserving animal health and producing safe products in ecologically unfavorable regions consists in the development of an integrated livestock breeding system, which allows minimizing the migration of a particular ecotoxicant in the trophic chain soil-feed-animal-production and compensating for negative processes developing in the body of animals as a result of exposure of harmful environmental factors, mineral and vitamin deficiencies and imbalances in rations, chronic effects of stress factors, immunodeficiency, etc. The article presents a set of measures to ensure the production of safe products in the conduct of animal husbandry in regions with high anthropogenic load, the main attention is paid to the development of compositions of sorption-detoxifying agents and private technologies of their application

ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS A.Ya. ANIMAL VARIATION PULSE DROP

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. М. Naumov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fast Wave ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Functional Reserves ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Jersey Cows

The article reveals the possibilities of cardiointervalometry using the modern complex electrophysiological laboratory "CONAN - 4.5". In modern economic conditions, the intensification of animal husbandry requires deep and comprehensive knowledge of many sciences, especially biology and physiology. The body of an animal consistently undergoes interrelated morphological, biochemical and functional changes that provide functional reserves such as energy, metabolic and informational resources. The adaptation mechanisms and the duration of the economic use of cattle in modern conditions of industrial production of livestock products depend on the nature and severity of these reserves. The estimation of the slow and fast-wave components of the variability of the cardiointervals is carried out - the numerical values of A.Ya. Kaplan indicators of heart rate variability (respiratory modulation index (IDM), sympathoadrenal tone index (ISAT), slow wave arrhythmia index (IMA)) of Jersey cows, which reflect the activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. The work used the mathematical processing of HRV using the method of R.M. Baevsky. In this work, the analysis of the obtained numerical values of the indicators of A.Ya. Kaplan and considered the relationship between the initial vegetative tone of Jersey cows and the obtained values.

scholarly journals Effect of Diatomite on the Accumulation of Lead and Cadmium in the Body of White Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00144
Author(s):  
Vasily I. Dorozhkin ◽  
Natalia A. Brichko ◽  
Natalia S. Pavlova ◽  
Galina I. Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Accumulation Of Metals ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

Every year, pollution by eco-toxicants of natural and anthropogenic origin is becoming more and more acute. Some of the most toxic among them are heavy metals, especially cadmium and lead. These elements do not decompose. Once released into the environment, these elements continue to circulate in water, soil, and air for a very long time, accumulating in plants and livestock products. Therefore, there is a problem of obtaining safe agricultural products in areas contaminated with heavy metals. In animal husbandry, synthetic and natural enterosorbents are used for obtaining safe products. For example, such enterosorbents are shungites, bentonites, diatomites, clays. We tested diatomite from the Kamyshlovskoye deposit at a dose of 5.0 g/kg of feed to reduce cadmium accumulation and lead during their combined intake. We investigated the feed intake of a combination of cadmium and lead at doses of 5.0 and 50.0 mg/kg feed. The result of this experiment is the accumulation of metals in the liver, kidneys, and bones, and, in addition, in the testes. The use of diatomite to reduce the accumulation of heavy metals has not been successful. There is an increase in lead accumulation in the liver, kidneys, and testes. The content of cadmium in diatomite is 3.86 ± 0.20 mg/kg, lead – 105.0 ± 7.2 mg/kg. The results obtained indicate that diatomite as a feed additive to reduce lead and cadmium intoxication did not show protective properties.

scholarly journals The role of osteodystrophy in the pathogenesis of aseptic pododermatitis in cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (96) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
N. M. Khomyn ◽  
A. R. Mysak ◽  
S. V. Tsisinska ◽  
V. V. Pritsak ◽  
Yu. M. Lenyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volumetric Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Aseptic Inflammation ◽  
True Value ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Final Confirmation

It is well known that the value of full feeding of farm animals is an important condition for the production of livestock products. Because of the researches of many scientists was found that the value of feed is determined by the content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, as well as vitamins, minerals and so on. However, the true value of the feed is determined by the part that is digestible and can be used by the body in the metabolism process. In the event of a violation of feeding level associated with the lack of nutrients or minerals of animals or their deficiency, the development of osteodystrophic processes is observed, which directly contribute to changes in the tendon-ligamentous apparatus of the finger of animals, there is an occurrence of prolonged osteotendinitis of the finger flexors, which causes to fingers extension, partially or completely removed from the hoof wall support, and overload of crumbs. Tightening of the crumb support is accompanied by the appearance of the skin of the hoof inflammatory process, excessive horn growth and deformation of the horn capsule. The final confirmation of osteodystrophy is the results of a multivariate mass volumetric analysis of the skeleton state and determination of the magnitude of the angles of the joints of the fingers. On the side of the hoof horn, there is an increase in the moisture content and SH-groups and a decrease in g-keratosis, which affects the biophysical properties of the hoof horn, which are shown by a decrease in density and hardness. Such changes indicate a deterioration in the quality of the hoof horn, a confirmation of which is a decrease in the intensity of erasing of the sole horn, the development of deformation and the occurrence of aseptic inflammation of the base of the skin of the sole horn.

Heat stress problem in dairy farming

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Ekaterina N. Rud ◽  
◽  
Elena V. Kuzminova ◽  
Marina P. Semenenko ◽  
Andrey A. Abramov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Environment Analysis ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Prolonged Heat

In the context of the industrial survival of animal husbandry, taking into account the climatic characteristics of Krasnodar region, climate is considered as a heat stress, the result of an imbalance between the intake of heat from the environment and its release by the body. To assess the risks of occurrence and severity of heat stress in cattle, it is necessary to take into account not only the ambient temperature, but also humidity indicators. The temperature and humidity index provides for these two variables and allows us to assess the need for cooling of animals. The article provides information on the possibilities of occurrence and impact of heat stress due to the temperature-humidity state of the environment. Analysis of the reporting data of the Veterinary Department of Krasnodar region and the number of industries in Krasnodar region and cattle sampling rates from 2017 to 2019 demonstrates an increase in the number of abortions and youth losses during the third quarter when the temperature of the environment reaches its maximum. With this in mind, to increase the adaptability of animals under prolonged heat stress, it is necessary to regularly monitor the environmental parameters (use of thermometers and hygrometers to assess the temperature and humidity index), as well as plan protective measures (adapted feeding technology, specialized additives, good bulky feed), which will help to minimize the negative impact of hyperthermia on the economy of livestock production.

scholarly journals Regularities and trends of the of the livestock industry current state in the Zhytomyr region

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Valeriy Mykytyuk
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Livestock Products

An important condition for the provision of the country's food security is the production of sufficient quantities of food ensuring its proper quality. The current state of development of the livestock industry, as the main supplier of the population with meat, milk and other products both in Ukraine and at the regional level does not meet its potential capabilities. The purpose of the study was to investigate the trends and patterns of the current state of the livestock industry at the regional level and to find the main ways of its development. The study used general scientific and economic-statistical methods, namely: series of dynamics, analysis and synthesis, comparison. Analysis of the current trends in the livestock industry at the regional level as well as some of its indicators in general for Ukraine was carried out. Changes and dynamics of the average annual available number of livestock and poultry by groups of animals are revealed. It was found that the positive changes in the number of animals led to an increase in meat production, including lamb and goat, and poultry. However, this did not increase the production of beef, pork, milk and honey. The structure of meat production does not fully correspond to the natural and economic area of the animal husbandry. The influence of changes in the dynamics of the level of productivity of farm animals on the gross output of products, especially in the branches of pig breeding, sheep breeding, beekeeping, is estimated. According to the results of the research, the level of production of the main types of livestock products per capita has increased, but does not yet fully meet the physiological norms of consumption of these products. Feed evaluation in animal husbandry allowed measuring the efficiency of their use in terms of nutrients per 1 conventional head and unit of production by its types. An assessment of the economic efficiency of the industry is carried out according to the main indicators that summarise it. In the structure of production costs, the largest part is occupied by direct material costs. It was found that only the production of milk and chicken eggs was profitable. The study suggests the main approaches to the development of the livestock industry in the future

scholarly journals Status and Perspectives Livestock Production: The Case Region Polimlje-Ibar

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Rajović ◽  
Jelisavka Bulatović
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Slow Recovery ◽  
Regional Markets ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Agricultural Areas

In production structure of agriculture in the region Polimlje-Ibar, livestock production has a very important role, because without a stable and developed livestock production has neither developed agriculture. Therefore, in this paper, shows the number of livestock by type and category. Unsatisfactory number of livestock in the region, is primarily the result of economic factors, such as reduced local and regional markets, low purchasing power, transition, privatization, lack of long-term strategies for animal husbandry development, technological and technical unwillingness processing facilities, primary production disorganization, poor farmers and processors association, insufficient and slow recovery racial composition of cattle. In structure of use agricultural areas in the region, stands out the predominantly pasture type of agricultural land with higher participation of meadows (P4L2). The structure use in livestock production has characterized by the direction with prevailing participation sheep farming and greater participation bovines (O4G2). Judging by the number and categories of livestock by type, production volume, as well as other indicators, livestock production in the region generally, serves to meet the needs of the household. A smaller part is intended market. In order that problems were solved in an appropriate manner, it is necessary to adopt appropriate strategies in livestock region Polimlje-Ibar, with the development of the proposed measures, which must be long term, because only in this way can stop the decline in the number of cattle to provide the increase livestock production and improve the quality of livestock products.

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