scholarly journals PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN MENJADI PEKERJA MIGRAN INDONESIA PEREMPUAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-120
Author(s):  
Nurul Aeni
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Destination Country ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Desk Review ◽  
Main Factor

ENGLISHDecision of being woman migrant workers brings both positive and negative consequeces for the woman workers as well as their families live behind. This study aimed: (1) to describe the decision making of being migrant workers among the applicants of woman migrant workers from Pati District; (2) to explain the factors correlate to the migrate decision making, and (3) to explain factors correlate to destination country choosing. It used quantitave approach. The primary data were obtained by spreading questionnaires among women migrant worker applicants at four labour supply companies. Meanwhile the secondary data get through desk review. Then, the data were analysed descriptively using chi square and correspondence analysis. The study resulted: (1) economic was the main factor of decision making for being woman migrant workers; (2) the factors correlated to the decision making for being woman migrant workers were the position in household, previous income, and decision making process; (3) high salary was the main factor on choosing the destination country. The factors correlated to destination country preferences were: the reasons for choosing the destination countries, age, previous job, previous salary, and husband’s age. INDONESIAKeputusan menjadi pekerja migran perempuan dapat berkonsekuensi positif maupun negatif bagi pekerja migran maupun keluarga yang ditinggalkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menggambarkan pengambilan keputusan menjadi pekerja migran perempuan pada calon pekerja migran di Kabupaten Pati; (2) mendeskripsikan faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengambilan keputusan; dan (3) mendeskripsikan faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemilihan negara tujuan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data primer didapatkan melalui pengisian kuesioner oleh para calon pekerja migran perempuan di empat PPTKIS. Sementara data sekunder didapatkan melalui review penelitian terdahulu dan dokumen yang relevan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan chi square dan analisis korespondensi. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) ekonomi adalah faktor utama pengambilan keputusan menjadi pekerja migran perempuan; (2) faktor yang berhubungan dengan pengambilan keputusan menjadi pekerja migran adalah posisi dalam rumah tangga, pendapatan sebelumnya, dan proses pengambilan keputusan; (3) gaji yang tinggi merupakan alasan utama pemilihan negara tujuan migrasi. Adapun faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemilihan negara tujuan migrasi adalah alasan pemilihan negara, usia, pekerjaan sebelumnya, pendapatan sebelumnya, dan usia suami.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN MANTAN BURUH MIGRAN PEREMPUAN (BMP) DI DESA LIPURSARI, KECAMATAN LEKSONO, KABUPATEN WONOSOBO

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Arifiartiningsih Arifiartiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Docu Ments ◽  
Central Java

Buruh Migran Perempuan (BMP/women migrant workers) are national foerign exchange hero for Indonesia. However, after retur ning home, ex-BMPs are usually unable to face social and economic realities. Therefore, they need an organisation to develop and empower thier potential. This research aims to explain how community intervention empower ex-Buruh Migran Perempuan (BMP/women migrant worker) in Lipursari Village, Subdistrict Leksono of Wonosobo District, Central Java. By means of community, this research refers to NGO, local organisation, and government agencies. This study collected data by using observation, interview and archival documents. Primary data were from ex-BMP’s interview who actively engage in MUIWO, while secondary data were from interview with community leaders and Lipursari Villlage’s official docu ments. Data were then analysed by using Rothman’s theory of community intervention to understand patterns and categories of ex-BMP’s empowerment. This research finds community interven tion’s empowerment affect positively for ex-MBPs through three approaches, namely local society empowerment, social plan, and social action. Economic and social empowerment involves several parties, such as individual, groups/community (i.e. Migrant Care, SARI, MUIWO and ISTANA RUMBIA), and government agencies. Economic empowerment includes trainings (i.e. sewing, bridal make up, embroider, and snacks) and setting up business plan. Social empowerments includes advocacy and mentoring exBMPs for capacity building and self development.Buruh Migran Perempuan (BMP) merupakan salah satu kelompok yang disebut pahlawan devisa. Persoalannya, setelah kembali ke Indonesia mantan BMP seringkali diposisikan sebagai pihak yang terpinggirkan (marginal). Hal ini dikarenakan ketidakberdayaan mereka dalam menghadapi tantangan dan realita kehidupan, baik dari segi ekonomi maupun sosial. Oleh karena itu, mantan BMP memerlukan wadah untuk mengembangkan dan memberdayakan potensi yang mereka miliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dan menjelaskan bagaimana bentuk pemberdayaan yang diperoleh mantan BMP melalui intervensi komunitas baik dari lembaga swadaya masyarakat, organisasi lokal, ataupun pemerintah. Peneli tian yang dilakukan di Desa Lipursari, Kecamatan Leksono, Kabupaten Wonosobo ini menggunakan teknik penelitian kualitatif dengan proses pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sumber data primer yang digunakan berasal dari wawancara dengan mantan BMP yang aktif dalam organisasi MUIWO. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan tokoh masyarakat dan penelusuran dokumentasi di Desa Lipursari. Data yang diperoleh, kemudian diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan teori intervensi komunitas Rothman untuk menemukan pola dan kategori pemberdayaan yang diperuntukkan bagi mantan BMP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberdayaan melalui intervensi komunitas memberikan dampak positif bagi mantan BMP. Pemberdayaan dilakukan melalui tiga pendekatan, yaitu pengembangan masyarakat lokal, perencanaan sosial dan aksi sosial. Dari tiga pendekatan tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa pemberdayaan yang ter jadi meliputi peberdayaan ekonomi dan sosial yang melibatkan individu untuk individu, komunitas untuk individu dan komunitas untuk kelompok. Pada proses pemberdayaan, untuk mencapai tujuan dibutuhkan sinergi antara mantan BMP, komunitas/organisasi (Migrant Care, SARI, MUIWO dan Istana Rumbia) serta pemerintah yang meliputi dinas terkait dalam proses pemberdayaan. Pemberdayaan ekonomi yang diterima berupa rencana usaha dan berbagai pelatihan (kursus menjahit, tata rias pengantin, salon, bordir dan pembuatan makanan kecil). Pemberdayaan sosial diperoleh BMP berupa advokasi dan pengembangan diri mantan BMP. 

scholarly journals UPAYA MIGRAN BIMA DALAM BEKERJA (NGUPA NGAHA) UNTUK KEBERLANGSUNGAN PENDIDIKAN ANAK

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yamin ◽  
Ikra Ikra ◽  
Muhammad Salahuddin
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Literacy Rate ◽  
Children's Education ◽  
Children’S Education

Research problem, becoming a migrant worker has become the goal of the Bima community. In the last few decades, the people of Bima have now depended on themselves to become migrant workers. This includes educating their children. The purpose of this research is, how the efforts of Bima migrants in working for the continuity of children's education. The research method used in this paper is a qualitative approach. The data collection is carried out in two models, namely primary and secondary data collection. Primary data obtained by means of: in-depth interviews (in-depth, interview). Research findings Nggembe Village migrants working in Malaysia have improved their children's education. Achievements in the field of education in 2021 consist of: average length of school and literacy rate. The literacy rate in Nggembe Village continues to increase from 81.4 to 85.80 in 2020 and 94.67 in 2021 or an average increase of 2.7% annually, while the average length of schooling has increased from 7.2 years in 2019 to 7.3 years in 2021. Conclusion, Nggembe Village migrants working in Malaysia have struggled to the maximum to increase their income with one basic principle, namely wanting to improve children's education

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak-Hak Pekerja Migran : Studi Kasus Satinah Sebagai Mantan Tki Di Arab Saudi

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Rahma Kusuma Wardani ◽  
Endah Pujiastuti ◽  
Tri Mulyani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Government

<p>Berbagai kasus yang menimpa para pekerja migran Indonesia menunjukkan betapa rendahnya perlindungan hukum yang didapat oleh mereka. Padahal Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan terkait dengan perlindungan pekerja migran. Hal inilah yang mendorong penulis untuk melakukan penelitian tentang Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak-Hak Pekerja Migran : Studi  Kasus Satinah sebagai Mantan TKI di Arab Saudi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum terhadap hak-hak pekerja migran dalam kasus Satinah, kendala dan upaya Pemerintah Indonesia mengatasi hak-hak pekerja migran dalam kasus Satinah. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif, dengan tipe penelitian <em>deskriptif analitis</em>, sampel ditentukan dengan teknis <em>purposive sampling</em>, data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dan data primer yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, pustakaan, dan obsevasi yang kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap hak-hak pekerja migran dalam kasus Satinah sudah dilakukan dengan cukup baik oleh Pemerintah Indonesia meskipun awalnya sangat terlambat dalam menangani kasus ini tapi semua itu dapat terbayarkan dengan keberhasilan dapat membebaskan Satinah dari hukuman mati berupa hukuman pancung. Kendala Pemerintah dalam kasus Satinah adalah hukum yang berbeda karena beda negara dan upaya Pemerintah dalam kasus Satinah adalah pengoptimalan pemenuhan hak-hak Satinah sebagai pekerja migran.</p><p> </p><p><em>Various cases involving Indonesian migrant workers shows how low the legal protection acquired by them. Though the Government has issued a number of policies related to the protection of migrant workers. This has led the authors to conduct research on the Legal Protection of the Rights of Migrant Workers' Rights: Case Studies Satinah as a former migrant worker in Saudi Arabia. This study aims to determine the legal protection of the rights of migrant workers in the case</em><em> of</em><em> Satinah, constraints and the Indonesian Government's efforts to overcome the rights of migrant workers in Satinah.</em><em> </em><em>Met</em><em>hod of </em><em>approach used in this </em><em>research </em><em>is </em><em>juridical </em><em>normative, with the type of </em><em>research is descriptive analytical</em><em>, the sample is determined by technical purposive sampling, the data used is secondary data and primary data were collected through interviews, the library, and the observation is then analyzed qualitatively. Based on the results of research and discussion can be concluded that the legal protection of the rights of migrant workers in the case Satinah</em><em> have</em><em> done quite well by the Government of Indonesia although initially very late in dealing with this case but it can be paid off with the success can free Satinah of the death penalty as a punishment beheaded. Government constraints in the case Satinah are different laws for different countries and efforts of the Government in the case Satinah is optimization Satinah fulfillment of the rights of migrant workers.</em><em></em></p>

PERSEPSI PETERNAK PADA KEPEMIMPINAN PENDAMPING DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS USAHA TERNAK DI PAGUYUBAN AL-AWWALIYAH, PASIRWANGI, GARUT, JAWA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Dwi Indah Sulistiani ◽  
Ujang Maman ◽  
Junaidi J
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Leadership Qualities ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Objective of this research; 1) determine the perception of ranchers against the properties and behavior of the leadership of the companion in the Society of Al-Awwaliyah 2) analyze the relationship between productivity breeder with productivity of livestock in the Society of Al-Awwaliyah 3) identify the relationship perceptions of ranchers against the leadership companion with productivity of livestock in the Society of Al-Awwaliyah , The data used in this study are primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from questionnaires which stem from ranchers while secondary data sourced from literature in the form of books and articles. Data processing was performed using Chi-square analysis using SPSS software version 21. One of the factors relating to the productivity of ranchers is the perception of ranchers against the leadership of their companion. Leadership companion views of the nature and behavior of which is owned by a companion. Productivity ranchers indirectly related to the productivity of the cattle business. Characteristics breeder visits of age, years of education, experience ranchers, and businesses in addition to ranchers. The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between business other than ranchers with ranchers productivity. The relationship between the perception of the nature of the companion breeder with productivity ranchers produce Pearson Chi-Square value is 9.751 and Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) of 0.002. This is due to interest ranchers against leadership qualities possessed by a companion who produce prolific ranchers. Ranchers consider that a companion of his leadership qualities are ideal as a companion.

STRATEGI MAKSIMALISASI ANGGARAN BELANJA PADA BALAI PENELITIAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DAN KEHUTANAN MANOKWARI

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Hasan ◽  
Dedi Budiman Hakim ◽  
Irdika Mansur
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
The Third ◽  
Swot Matrix ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Using Data

This study aims to analyze causes of the low uptake of the budget and formulate a strategy of maximizing the absorption of expenditure on Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari. Respondents involved are 20 people that consist of: treasury officials and holder output of activity. The data used were secondary data in the form of reports on budget realization (LRA) quarter I, II, III and IV of the fiscal year 2011 to 2015, and the primary data were in the form of interviews with the help of a questionnaire. While the analysis of the data used was descriptive analysis using data tabulation, and the analysis of the three stages strategy of the decision making used IFE and EFE matrix, SWOT matrix and QSPM matrix.The results showed that there are 19 factors causing low of budget absorption until the end of the third quarter, and there were 10 drafts of policy as a strategy for maximizing the absorption of the budget on Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab rendahnya penyerapan anggaran belanja dan merumuskan strategi maksimalisasi penyerapan anggaran belanja pada Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari. Responden yang terlibat adalah 20 orang yaitu pejabat perbendaharaan dan pemegang output kegiatan. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan realisasi anggaran (LRA) triwulan I, II, III dan IV tahun anggaran 2011 sampai 2015, dan data primer berupa wawancara dengan bantuan kuesioner. Sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif menggunakan analisis tabulasi, dan analisis analisis strategi tiga tahap pengambilan keputusan menggunakan matriks IFE dan EFE, matriks SWOT dan matriks QSPM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 19 faktor penyebab rendahnya penyerapan anggaran belanja sampai akhir triwulan III, dan terdapat 10 rancangan kebijakan sebagai strategi maksimalisasi penyerapan anggaran belanja di Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan Manokwari.

scholarly journals The Impact of Dynamic Capabilities on Sustainable Competitive Advantage in the Pharmaceutical Sector in Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Albert Naiem Naguib ◽  
Eahab Elsaid ◽  
Abdel Moneim Elsaid
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sector ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the relationship between dynamic capabilities (experience, routine, skills, firm characteristics, knowledge and technology) and competitive advantage sustainability in the Egyptian pharmaceutical sector. The data was collected using primary and secondary data sources. Primary data was collected from questionnaires distributed to 160 top managers in 20 pharmaceutical firms. The secondary data about pharmaceutical firms like rankings, revenues and market share was collected from external sources such as Intercontinental Marketing Service (IMS). The questionnaires examine six independent variables based on a five-scale Likert scale. The methodology used in the study is non-probability sampling (judgmental sampling), Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient and Chi-square tests. The results support the notion that there is a significant relationship between four of the six dynamic capabilities (experience, skills, firm characteristics and knowledge) and the competitive advantage sustainability for pharmaceutical firms in Egypt. Designing the questionnaire and formulating the questions to target the required field was challenging, given that the topic is dynamic and the business scene in Egypt has witnessed drastic political changes since January 2011. The study should assist pharmaceutical companies in Egypt in directing their investments properly and in determining the weaknesses in their dynamic capabilities that need to be addressed.

scholarly journals The Role of Decision Making for Family Activities by Industrial Labour of Women Migrant Based on Their Migration Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Susilongtyas ◽  
Tuty Handayani ◽  
Nurul Sri Rahatiningtyas ◽  
Sigit Candra Winata Kusuma ◽  
Della Ayu Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Circular Migration ◽  
Women Migrants ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Family

The presence of women migrants in urban industrial workers proved that women's movement exists. This migration process not only indicates that women are actively involved in economic activity, but also influences the decision-making on important activities within the family and society. This study aims to determine the relationship between mobility patterns and its contribution to economic and decision-making in the family through the survey as research methods. The data were analysed by descriptive analysis, statistics approach, and correlation maps. For the independence test in the bivariate table, we used the chi square method, and to display the distribution of two variables simultaneously, a cross-tabulation was used. After that, to assess whether there is a relationship between the two variables, the table of independence was used. Our study shows that decision-making became an indicator of strengthening the role of women with a pattern of circular migration, which has a relationship on economic contribution. However, the behavior of women who perform the spatial migration in strengthening roles in families is not always relevant with the strengthening role of the economy. A strong role is only demonstrated by industrial migrant workers working on a circular migration pattern.

scholarly journals Analisis Tingkat Penerapan Manajemen Pengetahuan Dalam Membangun Organisasi Berbasis Pengetahuan (Studi Kasus PT Trubus Mitra Swadaya SE-JABODETABEK)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Raniasari Bimanti Esthi ◽  
Anggraini Sukmawati
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Calculation Analysis

<p>PT Trubus Mitra Swadaya is a company engaged in the agribusiness industry that sells a wide range of agricultural goods. The development of the agribusiness industry, particularly agricultural stores are now increasing to fiercer competition. The objectives of this research were (1) Identify the level of knowledge management at PT Trubus Mitra Swadaya, (2) Identify the level of the activities associated with knowledge management at PT Trubus Mitra Swadaya, and (3) Analyzing the perceptions of employees regarding the application of knowledge management at PT Trubus Mitra Swadaya. The data that used in this research were primary data and secondary data. Collecting the respondences was done by quota sampling technique, database examine was done by descriptive analysis, average value calculation analysis, and chi-square analysis.<br />The result of average value calculation analysis showed level implementation of knowledge management was excellent (67,01%), represented from strongly agree answered 20,75% and agree answered 46,26%. Moreover, employees said bad, represented from less agree answered 19,97% and disagree 13,02%. In this research, found at least two components which employees feel valued and still yet to be repaired, that was 1) knowledge and 2) work time. The result average value calculation showed level of activity associated with knowledge management was less good (42,78%), represented five to ten times answered 22,78% and more than ten times 20%. Moreover, employees answered never 30% and less than five times 20%. The result chi-square showed employees’ perception about knowledge management based on employee characteristics where the majority of employees agreeing with the implementation of knowledge management.</p>

Is the Perfect the Enemy of the Good?: Using the Data You Have

2019 ◽  
pp. 205-218
Author(s):  
Theresa Chapple-McGruder ◽  
Jaime Slaughter-Acey ◽  
Jennifer Kmet ◽  
Tonia Ruddock
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
Health Question

This chapter offers instructions on how to find the data needed for a particular public health improvement program. The chapter starts by defining two systems of data collection: primary and secondary. However, it is important to remember that all data has limitations. There is no such thing as perfect data. The use of primary data in practice or policy decision-making is often constrained by resources and time, as collecting robust data typically takes years. Although secondary data poses limits, such that it might be data not collected specifically for a particular health question, or not being representative of the population of interest, or perhaps there is a lag in data availability. However, the chapter concludes, things can always be improved even if perfection is never reached.

scholarly journals Analysis of Consumer’s Preference on Purchasing Fresh Fish (Case Study in Muara Baru Modern Fish Market, DKI Jakarta)

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Josua Dwi Guna Gultom ◽  
Achmad Rizal ◽  
Walim Lili ◽  
Atikah Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Attribute Importance ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fresh Fish ◽  
Fish Market ◽  
Study Results

The fisheries sector is one of the agricultural sub-sectors that has a role in providing food for the people of Indonesia. Consumers have behavior in purchasing fish in meeting their needs or desires to obtain a product. This study aims to analyze consumer preferences for the type of fish and the order of attributes. The method used in this research is a case study. The research location was carried out at the Muara Baru Modern Fish Market (PIM) DKI Jakarta. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The primary data collection technique used accidental sampling with a sample of 100 respondents while the secondary data were obtained from Perum Perikanan Indonesia as the manager of the Muara Baru Modern Fish Market, the Library, the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) DKI Jakarta, the National Statistics Agency (BPS). Consumer preference analysis used attitude measurement analysis measured by Chi-square and based on rank orders analysis to determine the order of attribute importance. Based on the study results, it was shown that all the attributes observed in this study were significantly different at the 95% confidence level. In contrast, the analysis of the level of importance of the attributes showed that the priority of consumers' interests in fish in the Muara Baru Modern Fish Market (PIM) was price, freshness, cleanliness, texture, and fish scent.

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