scholarly journals A Novel, Benchmark-Centered, Eco-Impact Rating System for Sunscreens and Sunscreen Formulation Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gernot Kunze ◽  
Alexander Schlifke ◽  
Eileen Jackson ◽  
Nicola Hefner ◽  
Katja Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Design System ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Marine Fauna ◽  
Regular Time ◽  
Time Frames

Ultraviolet (UV) filter compounds are the key constituents in sunscreens that protect human skin from detrimental solar radiation. Some of these products have attracted public attention due to claims of their potential negative impact on the environment, in particular marine fauna and flora. At present, consumers who want to make an eco-conscious decision cannot find suitable product details and need to rely on fragmented information or complex scientific literature. The same is true for sunscreen developers, typically formulation chemists, who at present can only work with black- and whitelists which recommend or omit compounds. The ecological impact evaluation system proposed in this publication makes it easier to choose UV filters. Selection is based intrinsically on specialized knowledge which is built on environmental safety data. By embedding this in an existing in-silico sunscreen design system, new products can be created during the project’s design phase without time and cost intensive investigations. In contrast to currently available methods, the proposed tool includes comparison with a virtual market benchmark so users can determine whether a newly developed product will be an improvement on the state of the art in terms of environmental compatibility. The level of improvement can be displayed as a logo which has been designed to be immediately understandable to consumers. The system can be re-adjusted in regular time frames, depending on market development, to motivate and drive the sunscreen industry towards more eco-compatible products.

An Expert Ranked List of Pro-nature Conservation Behaviours for Public Use

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Barbett ◽  
Edward Stupple ◽  
Michael Sweet ◽  
Miles Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mass Extinction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Ranked List

The planet is facing an anthropogenic mass extinction of wildlife, which will have a grave impact on the environment and humans. Widespread human action is needed to minimize the negative impact of humans on biodiversity and support the restoration of wildlife. In order to find effective ways to promote pro-nature conservation behaviours to the general population, there is a need to provide a list of behaviours which will have worthwhile ecological impact and are worth encouraging. In a novel collaboration between psychologists and ecologists, 70 experts from practical and academic conservation backgrounds were asked to review and rate 48 conservation related behaviours. According to their judgement, this short paper presents a ranked list of pro-nature conservation behaviours for the public in the UK and similar landscapes. This includes behaviours people can engage in in their homes, their gardens, on their land, and in their roles as citizens.

scholarly journals Improving the level of environmental safety in the process of the ecoenergoefficient reconstruction of the housing stock in Kiev.

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Kryvomaz ◽  
Dmytro Varavin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Process Compliance ◽  
Housing Reconstruction

As a result of research into the state of the housing stock in Kiev and the prospects for its reconstruction, the main levels of implementation of eco-energy-efficient measures have been identified, taking into account the increasing cost / effectiveness ratio, which will include problem assessment, optimizing energy costs, eco-energy efficient housing reconstruction, application of innovative technologies. Based on the national and international experience of reconstruction and overhaul, the 6E concept is proposed, which focuses on energy efficiency, environmental safety, economy, ecology, ergonomics and aesthetics of the reconstruction process. Compliance with the basic requirements of eco-energy efficiency in the process of housing reconstruction will ensure the comfort of residents and will improve the level of environmental safety of our country. Introduction of the principles of energy efficiency in the process of reconstruction of housing stock is an integral part of Ukraine's environmental and national security, as it ensures a reduction in the negative impact on the environment and people, and also significantly reduces the waste of the construction industry.

scholarly journals Innovative aspects of ensuring the environmental safety of hotel enterprises in the Rostov region

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Galina Ekinil ◽  
Valeria Provotorina ◽  
Antonina Petrenko ◽  
Lyubov Gorgadze
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Safety Recommendations

This study is aimed at analyzing hotel enterprises in the Rostov region and identifying the main approaches to ensuring environmental safety; recommendations for the implementation of environmental innovations in hotel enterprises are proposed, which can significantly reduce the negative impact on human health and the environment.

scholarly journals Asesmen Kenyamanan Taman pada Ruang Terbuka Publik di Kawasan Wisata Tepian Sungai Pangkajene

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Syarifah Fatma sari Burhanuddin
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Open Space ◽  
Negative Impacts

This research aimed to investigate the ground comfort assessment at the public open space in tourist area of Pangkajene River banks. The research methods used were the qualitative and quantitative method by filling in questionnaires, observation, interviews, and documentation. The samples were chosen using the purposive sampling technique from the users of the park. The data were analyzed using the descriptive analysis, codification, data reduction, matriculation, cross tabulation, and the evaluation system using Likert scale. The research results indicated that the park was inconvenience with the parkconvenience being 61.97%. The effect of the street vendors had caused either positive or negative impacts on the park- the positive impact was that the park had become the largest culinary center in Pangkep town so that it could attract the tourists to visit the park, while the negative impact was that the park looked less beautiful and less hygiene. Keywords: public open space, convenience, park, riverbanks

scholarly journals Legal Basis for Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Elena Zaliznyak ◽  
◽  
Sergey Zhbannikov ◽  
Nataliya Morozova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
State Level ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Industrial Safety ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
State Registration

Industrial enterprises and other business entities whose activities involve direct or indirect impact on environmental components must comply with legal requirements in the field of environmental protection. Over the past 5 years, there have been significant changes in environmental legislation. All objects that have a negative impact on the environment are subject to state registration. When registering an enterprise, it is subject to assignment to one of four categories of objects of negative impact, depending on the industry affiliation, production capacity, chemical composition of emissions, discharges, and other criteria. Currently, legislative innovations are aimed at business development and reducing the administrative burden on business entities, but this creates a threat to the safe operation of industrial facilities. There are more than 340 thousand objects of negative impact on the territory of Russia, of which one third is subject to Federal supervision. According to 2019 data, less than 4% of enterprises had their operational safety audits performed. The detection of violations of the requirements of legislation in the field of environmental protection, as well as failure to eliminate the identified violations, indicates the formation of potential threats to environmental safety. Taking into account the current economic crisis, in which solving environmental problems will not be a priority for business structures, the protection of the population and the natural environment is fully transferred to the state level.

scholarly journals Study on layout optimization of sewage outfalls: a case study of wastewater treatment plants in Xiamen

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Wang ◽  
Zhouhua Guo ◽  
Qingsheng Li ◽  
Jing Fang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Layout Optimization ◽  
Marine Environmental

AbstractIn order to protect the offshore environment and strengthen the comprehensive rectification of sewage outfalls, an evaluation method of regional sewage outfalls by combining the marine numerical simulation and comprehensive evaluation technology was constructed, considering the marine environmental capacity and the ecological impact of sewage discharge from outfalls on the marine eco-environment sensitive areas. Then the layout rationality of each outfall was evaluated and the discharge scale was optimized with a case study of existing sewage outfalls in Xiamen. The results show that, the comprehensive evaluation score of Yundang outfall was 3 points in 2025, evaluated as the outfall with irrational layout. In 2035, the comprehensive evaluation scores of Fenglin and Dalipu outfalls were 3 and 2 points respectively, evaluated as the outfall with irrational discharge scale. It is suggested to control the scale of expansion or increase the reclaimed water reuse rate in Jimei and Gaoqi Wastewater Treatment Plants. This method has enriched the evaluation system for layout optimization of sewage outfalls, providing scientific supports for comprehensive improvement of sewage outfalls and marine environmental management.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECT OF THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF OIL AND GAS WELLS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Kamchatova ◽  
A. V. Sedova
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Abandoned Wells ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Almost All

The negative impact on the environment is carried out from almost all oil and gas facilities. One of such objects are wells of any purpose. The causes of negative impacts on the environment from plugged and abandoned wells were identified in the course of the study. Existing methods and technologies of well liquidation and conservation have been analyzed in the article. Existing problems in the legal regulation of the issue of environmental safety of abandoned wells have been investigated. The result of comparison of the international and domestic legislation on this problem has been presented.

scholarly journals Tingkat Pengetahuan Petani dalam Penggunaan Pupuk Organik dan Penerapannya pada Budidaya Tanaman Padi Sawah (Kasus di Subak Penarungan, Kecamatan Mengwi, Kabupaten Badung)

2017 ◽  
pp. 505
Author(s):  
I WAYAN BUDI ARTAWAN ◽  
NI WAYAN SRI ASTITI ◽  
WAYAN SUDARTA
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Natural Farming

Farmers Knowledge Level in the Use of Organic Fertilizer and Its Applicationin Rice Cultivation (Case in Subak Penarungan, Sub-District of Mengwi,Badung Regency) Public attention to the issue of agriculture and the environment in recent years haveincreased as a result of a big negative impact on the environment, compared with itspositive impact on increasing the productivity of agricultural crops. This encouragesseveral regions to hold organic farming. Organic farming is a natural farming whichin practice trying to avoid the use of chemicals and fertilizers that are poisoning theenvironment with the aim to obtain a healthy environmental condition.This studyaims to determine (1) the level of farmers' knowledge on organic fertilizer; and (3)the application of organic fertilizers by the farmers in the cultivation of lowland rice.The research was conducted at the Subak of Penarungan, Mengwi Sub-District ofBadung Regency. The choice of research location was conducted by purposivesampling. The population of the research was the active members of Subak ofPenarungan totaling of 167 people. The sample size was determined by using theformula of Slovin, so that the number of respondents was 63 people.This researchuse method analysaize descriptive qualitative. The results showed that farmers'knowledge about organic fertilizers can be categorized in the high category withachieving a score of 3.41. However, the application of organic fertilizer by thefarmers is classified in the medium category by achieving a score of 3.05. Based onthe results of this study can be suggested farmers as actors should be more activedoing weeding and want to optimize the use of organic fertilizer as recommended bythe extension. Because the use of sustainable organic fertilizer for the future will givea big influence in soil fertility, quality and not damage the environment.

scholarly journals Influence of implementation of major regional projects on the socio-ecological-economic system (using the example of the Republic of Tatarstan)

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02043
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Makarov ◽  
Artem Nagimov ◽  
Elvira Abdullina ◽  
Tatyana Mansurova ◽  
Ekaterina Khovanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
Regional Projects ◽  
Regional Authorities

The article is devoted to the new trends of sustainable development of the Republic of Tatarstan in conditions of implementation of the large regional projects. Classification of the most significant regional projects implemented in the Republic of Tatarstan in recent years is presented in the article. On the basis of these projects, new "growth points" of the development of the regional economy are formed. Macro-economic effects of projects’ implementation caused by changes of the key indicators are observed. Activities of the regional authorities to ensure environmental safety aimed at reduction of the negative impact on the environment within the implementation of the large regional projects are described in the article.

scholarly journals Ecological and Health Effects of Lubricant Oils Emitted into the Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 3002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Nowak ◽  
Karolina Kucharska ◽  
Marian Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Lubricating Oils ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Petroleum Origin ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cutting System ◽  
Petroleum Oil

Lubricating oils used in machines with an open cutting system, such as a saw or harvester, are applied in forest areas, gardening, in the household, and in urban greenery. During the operation of the device with an open cutting system, the lubricating oil is emitted into the environment. Therefore, the use of an oil base and refining additives of petroleum origin in the content of lubricants is associated with a negative impact on health and the environment. The current legal regulations concerning lubricants applicable in the European Union (EU) assess the degree of biodegradability. Legislation permits the use of biodegradable oils at 60% for a period of 28 days. This means that, in practice, lubricating oil considered to be biodegradable can contain up to 50% of the so-called petroleum oil base. The paper aims to draw public attention to the need to reduce the toxicity and harmful effects, due to their composition, of lubricating oils emitted into the environment on health. The authors discuss the impact of petroleum oil lubricants on soils, groundwater, vegetation, and animals, and the impact of petroleum-origin oil mist on health. An overview of test methods for the biodegradability of lubricating oils is presented, including the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 301 A–F, 310, and 302 A–D tests, as well as their standard equivalents. The current legal regulations regarding the use and control of lubricating oils emitted into the environment are discussed. Legal provisions are divided according to their area of application. Key issues regarding the biodegradability and toxicity of petroleum fractions in lubricating oils are also addressed. It is concluded that lubricating oils, emitted or potentially emitted into the environment, should contain only biodegradable ingredients in order to eliminate the negative impact on both the environment and health. Total biodegradability should be confirmed by widely applied tests. Therefore, a need to develop and implement low-cost and simple control procedures for each type of lubricating oil, ensuring the possibility of an indisputable conclusion about the presence and total absence of petroleum-derived components in oil, as well as the content of natural ingredients, occurs.

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