The 10-Repeat 3′-UTR VNTR Polymorphism in the SLC6A3 Gene May Confer Protection Against Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-analysis

The dopamine transporter (DAT) is encoded by the SLC6A3 gene and plays an important role in the regulation of the neurotransmitter dopamine. The SLC6A3 gene contains several repetition alleles (3–11 repeats) of a 40-base pair variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR), which may affect DAT expression levels. The 10-repeat (10R) allele could play a protective role against PD. However, inconsistent findings have been reported.Methods: A comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to accurately estimate the association between the 10R allele of the 3′-UTR VNTR in SLC6A3 and PD among four different genetic models.Results: This meta-analysis included a total of 3,142 patients and 3,496 controls. We observed a significant difference between patients and controls for the allele model (10R vs. all others: OR = 0.860, 95% CI: 0.771–0.958, P = 0.006), pseudodominant model (10R/10R + 10R/9R vs. all others: OR = 0.781, 95% CI: 0.641–0.952, P = 0.014) and pseudorecessive model (10R/10R vs. all others: OR = 0.858, 95% CI: 0.760–0.969, P = 0.013) using a fixed effects model. No significant differences were observed under the pseudocodominant model (10R/9R vs. all others: OR = 1.079, 95% CI: 0.945–1.233, P = 0.262). By subgroup analysis, the 10R, 10R/10R and 10R/9R genotypes were found to be significantly different from PD in Asian populations.Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the SLC6A3 10R may be a protective factor in susceptibility to PD.

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Effectiveness and Safety Studies of Omalizumab in Children and Adolescents With Moderate-To-Severe Asthma

Journal of Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/08971900211038251 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089719002110382

Author(s):

Lu Cheng ◽

Tianrui Yang ◽

Xiang Ma ◽

Yuling Han ◽

Yongtai Wang

Keyword(s):

Children And Adolescents ◽

Allergic Asthma ◽

Severe Asthma ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Vital Capacity ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Severe Allergic Asthma

Background Omalizumab is currently approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe allergic asthma in patients 6 years and older. Objective To assess the effectiveness and safety of subcutaneous omalizumab as an add-on therapy option for moderate–severe allergic asthma in patients aged 6—20 years old. Methods The studies published from July, 1970 to May, 2021 were searched from the electronic databases which followed keywords: (“anti-IgE” OR “anti-immunoglobulin E” OR “anti-IgE antibody” OR “omalizumab” OR “rhuMAb-E25” OR “Xolair”) AND “asthma” AND (“child” OR “children” OR “adolescents” OR “youth” OR “teenager” OR “kids” OR “pediatric”). Thirteen studies were pooled to determine the effectiveness and safety of omalizumab. Efficacy endpoints were evaluated using a fixed-effects model or a random-effects model depending on heterogeneity. Safety endpoints were evaluated by odds ratio. Results Thirteen studies were included. In this meta-analysis, our results showed that fractional exhaled nitric oxide and asthma control test scores were significantly improved with omalizumab treatment. Serum immunoglobulin E was also decreased in children with moderate-to-severe asthma after treatment with omalizumab. The analysis found that there was no significant difference between pre-and post-treatment in forced expiratory volume in one second/ forced vital capacity ratio, forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of vital capacity, or FEV1. Overall, more adverse events occurred with omalizumab compared to placebo. However, the degree was mild to moderate. Conclusion This meta-analysis indicates that omalizumab is safe and effective to treat children and adolescents with moderate-to-severe asthma.

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CAG (cytarabine, aclarubicin, G-CSF) Regimen Is Effective and Well Tolerated in 367 Elderly Patients with AML in China and Japan: A Meta-Analysis

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v118.21.4290.4290 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 118 (21) ◽

pp. 4290-4290

Author(s):

Guoqing Wei ◽

Delong Liu

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Conflicts Of Interest ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Current Therapy ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Elderly Aml ◽

Significant Difference ◽

China And Japan

Abstract Abstract 4290 Background: Current therapy is still unsatisfactory in elderly patients (pts) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). CAG regimen (cytarabine, aclarubicin, G-CSF) has been commonly used in China and Japan for the treatment of elderly AML pts. The aim of this study is to summarize the data and to analyze the efficacy as well as the toxic effects of CAG regimen in elderly AML pts. Methods: The databases of PubMed, Wanfang Data, as well as American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting abstracts were searched for articles published in English, Chinese and Japanese languages from January 1995 to December 2010. Eligible studies were relevant clinical trials of elderly AML pts treated with CAG regimen. Complete remission (CR) rate, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of chemotherapy were compared through a meta-analysis using a random-effects or fixed-effects model. Results: 19 trials with a total of 367 elderly AML pts were identified and included for analysis. Among the 367 AML pts treated with CAG, 266 pts were newly diagnosed AML, 54 pts were relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML. The AML status was not specified in the rest 47 pts. The CR rate for the 367 elderly AML pts was 52.0% (95% CI 46.8%-57.2%). Interestingly, no significant difference in CR rates was noted between the newly diagnosed (54.7%, 95% CI 48.6%-60.7%) and R/R AML pts (45.7%, 95% CI 32.4%-59.6%) (Q=1.332, p=0.248). Three studies compared the CR rates of elderly AML pts according to the karyotype. The CR rate was significantly higher in pts with intermediate (72.4%, 95% CI 58.0%-83.3%) cytogenetics than those with unfavorable one (35.7%, 95% CI 18.7%-57.2%) (Q=7.803, p=0.005). These elderly AML pts tolerated CAG well with low cardiotoxicity (0.73%, 2/273) and ED (8.48%, 29/342). Conclusions: CAG regimen induced high CR rates in elderly pts with new and relapsed/ refractory AML. This regimen was well tolerated with low cardiotoxicity and early death rate. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Risk of fatigue with the targeted therapy for renal cell carcinoma.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e20611 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e20611-e20611

Author(s):

Bilal Iqbal ◽

Shenhong Wu

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Targeted Therapy ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

High Grade ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽

Significant Difference

e20611 Background: Fatigue is one of the major side effects associated with targeted therapeutic agents in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and has negatively affected the optimal use of these drugs. Currently the risk of fatigue has not been well defined. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT) to determine the risk of fatigue in RCC patients treated with targeted therapy. Methods: Databases including PUBMED, Web of Science, and abstracts presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology meetings up to October, 2012 were searched to identify relevant studies. Eligible studies included prospective RCTs in which a targeted therapy was compared to a control of non-targeted therapy (placebo or interferon) with data available. Incidences and relative risk (RR) were calculated using a random- or fixed-effects model depending on the heterogeneity of the included studies. Results: A total of 5,192 RCC patients (targeted therapy: 3023, control: 2092) from 11 RCTs were selected for analysis. The overall incidences of all-grade and high-grade (ie, grade 3 or above) fatigue were 45.4% (95% CI: 33.0-58.5%) and 7.6% (95% CI: 4.1-13.5%) respectively. The incidences varied significantly among different agents (P<0.001). In comparison with overall controls, the targeted therapy did not significantly increase the risk of all-grade (RR=1.07, 95% CI: 1.0-1.35, p=0.055) or high-grade fatigue (RR= 1.01, 95% CI: 0.68-1.50, P=0.95). However, the targeted therapy significantly increased the risk of all-grade fatigue (RR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.40-2.32; P<0.001), but not high-grade fatigue (RR 1.74, 95% CI: 0.91-3.32; P=0.095) when compared to placebo. There was no significant difference between the targeted therapy and interferon in the risk of all-grade (RR 1.02, 95% CI: 0.90-1.14; P=0.90) or high-grade fatigue (RR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.55-1.36; P=0.53). Conclusions: The targeted therapy may significantly increase the risk of fatigue in a magnitude comparable to interferon.

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Meta-Analysis of Upper Probe Measurements in Normal Subjects and Patients with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348940511400302 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 114 (3) ◽

pp. 177-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 98

Author(s):

Albert L. Merati ◽

Seckin O. Ulualp ◽

Hyun J. Lim ◽

Robert J. Toohill

Keyword(s):

Fixed Effects ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽

Ph Monitoring ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Acid Exposure ◽

P Value ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Significant Difference

We report a meta-analysis of a series of studies in which 24-hour ambulatory pH monitoring was performed in 1) normal subjects, 2) the normal control subjects in studies of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), and 3) the patients with LPR in these controlled studies. The statistical analysis utilized the fixed-effects model by Mantel-Haenszel and the random-effects mixed model. There were 16 studies from the past 12 years that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. They involved 793 subjects (264 normal and 529 with LPR). The numbers of positive pharyngeal reflux events for normal subjects and for patients with LPR differed with a p value of <.0001. There was also a significant difference in the mean percentage of acid exposure times between normal subjects and patients with LPR (p = .003). We conclude that the upper probe gives accurate and consistent information in normal subjects and patients with LPR. The numbers of reflux events and acid exposure times are most important in distinguishing normal subjects from patients with LPR. The technology and methodology of probe testing is quite reliable and is consistent on a worldwide basis.

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Effects of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis in hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1093/jjco/hyz046 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

pp. 646-655 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Su-Su Zhang ◽

Jin-Xia Liu ◽

Jing Zhu ◽

Ming-Bing Xiao ◽

Cui-Hua Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Antiviral Therapy ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hbv Reactivation ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Central Register ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background and aim The impact of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and preventive antiviral therapy on the occurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation and subsequent hepatitis remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on the risk of HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis. Meanwhile, we explored the role of HBeAg status in HBV reactivation after TACE. Methods We performed this meta-analysis with 11 included studies to assess the effect of TACE and preventive antiviral therapy on predicting clinical outcomes in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pooled odds ratios (OR) were calculated using a random or fixed effects model. PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled were searched for the included articles (from 2000 to December 2017). Results Our results showed that TACE significantly increased the risk of HBV reactivation (OR: 3.70; 95% CI 1.45–9.42; P < 0.01) and subsequent hepatitis (OR: 4.30; 95% CI 2.28–8.13; P < 0.01) in HCC patients. There was no significant difference in HBV reactivation after TACE between HBeAg positive and negative patients (OR: 1.28; 95% CI 0.31–5.34; P = 0.73). Preventive antiviral therapy could statistically reduce the rate of HBV reactivation (OR: 0.08; 95% CI 0.02–0.32; P < 0.01) and hepatitis (OR: 0.22; 95% CI 0.06–0.80; P = 0.02) in those with TACE treatment. Conclusions The present study suggested that TACE was associated with a higher possibility of HBV reactivation and subsequent hepatitis. Preventive antiviral therapy is significantly in favor of a protective effect.

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Prolonging the flush-lock interval of totally implantable venous access ports in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The Journal of Vascular Access ◽

10.1177/1129729820950998 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112972982095099

Author(s):

Xiaohong Wu ◽

Tiantian Zhang ◽

Lichan Chen ◽

Xisui Chen

Keyword(s):

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Monthly Interval ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Randomized Controlled Studies ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Recently, some studies have shown that prolonging flush interval is safe and feasible for patients who complete chemotherapy. However, there is no consensus about the optimal flush interval for those patients. Objective: The purpose of this review was to evaluate whether the flush interval could be prolonged based on monthly interval for regular maintenance and to explore the optimal flush interval. Data sources: We searched the following databases for articles published between 1 January 1982 and 21 February 2020: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Ovid. Study eligibility criteria: Randomized controlled trials, retrospective and prospective cohort studies of flush interval less than 4 weeks versus longer than 4 weeks for patients who completed chemotherapy, were included. Results: Two reviewers extracted information and assessed the quality of the articles independently. In total, 389 articles were retrieved, and 4 studies including 862 cases fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There was no statistical heterogeneity ( I2 = 0, p > 0.05) among the included studies. Hence, the fixed-effects model was used for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the total complication rate associated with longer than 4-week interval was higher than that associated with less than 4-week interval. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference between the two groups (7.2% vs 7.6%, p = 0.83). Moreover, the meta-analysis showed that the total complication and catheter occlusion rates associated with the 4-week interval were higher than those associated with the 8-week interval. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups (total complications: 11.4% vs 9.5%, p = 0.68; catheter occlusions: 4.9% vs 4.1%, p = 0.89). Limitations: Only four non-randomized controlled studies were included, and the outcomes of the included studies were reported incompletely. Conclusion: Extending the flush interval to longer than 4 weeks is safe and feasible. Based on previous studies, extending the flush interval to 8 weeks might not increase the incidence of total complications and catheter occlusions. However, there is no conclusion on whether the flush interval could be extended to 3 months or longer.

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Contribution of Interleukin-10-592 (-590, -597) C>A Polymorphisms to Periodontitis Susceptibility: An Updated Meta-Analysis Based on 18 Case-Control Studies

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2018/2645963 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yao Li ◽

Ge Feng ◽

Yuejia Deng ◽

Jinglin Song

Keyword(s):

Subgroup Analysis ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Aggressive Periodontitis ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ca Model ◽

Allele Model

Introduction. The association between interleukin-10- (IL-10-) 592 (-590, -597) C>A polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic or aggressive periodontitis (CP or AgP) is conflicting. This meta-analysis is aimed at quantitatively estimating the association. Materials and Methods. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and WANFAN were searched for studies performed prior to January 31, 2018, to collect data for our research. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 or STATA 14.0. Results. In total, 18 studies that met our criteria were included. Overall or HWE subgroup analysis of individuals with this polymorphism revealed that in terms of CP susceptibility, there was a significant difference between case groups and control groups in the A allele versus C allele model (OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.17–1.64 or OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.12–1.70), in the AA versus CC+CA model (OR = 1.49, 95% CI =1.06–2.10 or OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.13–1.78), and in the CC versus CA+AA model (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.51–0.92 or OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.49–0.93); subgroup analysis based on a nonsmoking population also displayed significance in the A allele versus C allele model (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.15–1.79) and CC versus CA+AA model (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.44–0.87). For this polymorphisms and AgP susceptibility, our analyses revealed a significant association in both the A allele versus C allele model (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.01–1.63) and the AA versus CC+CA model (OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.30–2.89); subgroup analysis based on Caucasian or nonsmoking populations showed significant differences in the AA versus CC+CA model (OR = 6.29, 95% CI = 1.78–22.21 or OR = 3.24, 95% CI = 1.59–6.61). Conclusions. IL-10-592 (-590, -597) A allele and the associated AA genotype may be risk factors for the onset of CP or AgP—particularly for the AA genotype and the increased risk of AgP in Caucasian or nonsmoking populations. Conversely, the CC genotype may act as a protective factor against the onset of CP.

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Statin and Post-Cardiac Surgery Atrial Fibrillation Prevention: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

10.22541/au.163655013.32285028/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Federico Oliveri ◽

Andrea Bongiorno ◽

Sara Compagnoni ◽

Alessandro Fasolino ◽

Francesca Gentile ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pre Treatment ◽

Study Participants

Introduction: Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is a frequently reported complication of cardiac surgery, leading to increased in-hospital and long-term mortality rates. Many studies have suggested using statins to protect against POAF. Thus, we aim to investigate if statin pre-treatment may effectively lower the incidence of POAF. Method: We performed a systematic literature search of PubMed for potential studies between January 2006 and August 2021. Principal inclusion criteria were: randomized clinical trials study design; statin-naive patients; total study participants ≥ 50 units. We used the fixed-effects model to obtain the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for each analyzed intervention. Results: Overall, statin pre-treatment reduced the incidence of POAF compared to placebo (OR 0.71; 95% CI: 0.60-0.85, p-value < 0.00001). Analyzing subclasses, atorvastatin was associated with lower incidence of POAF (OR 0.54; 95% CI: 0.41-0.70, p-value = 0.002), but rosuvastatin was not (OR 0.90; 95% CI: 0.71-1.14, p-value = 0.38). Selecting studies with ≥ 199 patients, results were divergent. There was not statistically significant difference between statin pre-treatment and placebo (OR 0.89; 95% CI: 0.74-1.09, p-value = 0.26), as well as for atorvastatin (OR 0.74; 95% CI: 0.54-1.03, p-value = 0.08) and rosuvastatin (OR 0.87; 95% CI: 0.68-1.12, p-value = 0,29). Conclusion: Statin pre-treatment before cardiac surgery is not associated with a significant reduction in POAF occurrence. Thus, based upon our results and considering possible renal complications, we discourage statin pre-treatment in preventing POAF.

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Meta-Analysis Comparing Steroids and Diuretics in the Treatment of Acute Low-Tone Sensorineural Hearing Loss

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/0145561319869610 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 014556131986961

Author(s):

Yueying Zhu ◽

Guangqi Li ◽

Huiwen Zhuang ◽

Zijun Yang ◽

JinCangjian Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Recovery Rate ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Low Tone

Objective: Our objective was to perform a meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of steroids and diuretics in the treatment of acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss (ALHL). Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Sci databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the treatment of ALHL with steroids and diuretics. The Cochrane Reviewer’s Handbook 5.0 evaluation criteria were used to evaluate the quality of the included RCTs. Meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.3 software to compare the recovery rate of low-tone hearing levels between patients treated with steroids and diuretics. Results: A total of 3 RCTs were included. There was no heterogeneity between the 3 studies (χ2 = 2.61, P = .27, I 2 = 23%); thus, a fixed-effects model of analysis was used. Meta-analysis showed there was no significant difference in the recovery rate of patients treated with steroids and those treated with diuretics (odds ratio = 1.48, 95% confidence interval: 0.64-3.40, P = .36). Conclusion: Steroids and diuretics are equally effective for the treatment of ALHL.

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Incidence and Risk of Hypertension in Cancer Patients Treated With Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.726008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Linhan Jiang ◽

Xiaoxia Tan ◽

Jun Li ◽

Yaling Li

Keyword(s):

Cancer Patients ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

High Grade ◽

Fixed Effects Model ◽

Total Risk ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Grade 3

PurposeThis study aims to inform previous clinical assessments to better understand the total risk of hypertension with atezolizumab and bevacizumab (hereafter referred to as “A-B”) in cancer patients, and reduce future incidence of hypertension-related cardiovascular complications.MethodsDatabases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant studies, which were retrieved from inception to March 6, 2021. Studies focused on cancer patients treated with A-B that provided data on hypertension were included. Statistical analyses were conducted to calculate hypertension incidence and relative risk (RR) with a random-effects or fixed-effects model, hinging on heterogeneity status.ResultsTen studies including 2106 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), ovarian cancer, anal cancer, neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), and cervical cancer were selected for this meta-analysis. For patients treated with A-B, the all-grade and high-grade (grade 3) hypertension incidence were 31.1% (95% CI: 25.5-37.3) and 14.1% (95% CI: 10.9-18.1), respectively. No significant difference was observed in all-grade hypertension incidence between RCC and a non-RCC patients (32.9% [95% CI: 25.3-42.6] v.s. 29.2% [95% CI: 19.7-39.6)]). However, the number of high-grade hypertension incidence in RCC patients (9.4% [95% CI: 4.1-21.3]) was lower than that of non-RCC patients (15.6% [95% CI: 12.8-19.1]). RCC or HCC patients who received the A-B treatment were associated with significantly increased risk of all-grade hypertension with a RR of 7.22 (95% CI: 3.3-15.7; p = 0.6) compared with patients treated with atezolizumab.ConclusionsCancer Patients treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab have a significantly increased risk of hypertension. Sufficient monitoring is highly recommended to prevent the consequences of treatment-induced hypertension and other cardiovascular complications.

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