scholarly journals The Role of Vessel Biofouling in the Translocation of Marine Pathogens: Management Considerations and Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Georgiades ◽  
Chris Scianni ◽  
Ian Davidson ◽  
Mario N. Tamburri ◽  
Matthew R. First ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Major Pathway ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
Important Pathway ◽  
Reactive Management ◽  
Regulations And Guidelines

Vessel biofouling is a major pathway for the introduction, establishment, and subsequent spread of marine non-indigenous macro-organisms. As a result, national and international regulations and guidelines have been implemented to manage the risks associated with this pathway, yet widespread enforcement and uptake are still in their infancy. By comparison, translocation of marine pathogens by vessel biofouling has received little attention despite a mounting body of evidence highlighting the potential importance of this pathway. Using molluscan pathogens as a model, this paper examines the potential for translocation of marine pathogens via the vessel biofouling pathway by reviewing: (1) examples where vessel biofouling is suspected to be the source pathway of non-indigenous pathogen introduction to new areas, and (2) the association between pathogens known to have detrimental effects on wild and farmed mollusk populations with species known to foul vessels and anthropogenic structures. The available evidence indicates that vessel biofouling is a viable and important pathway for translocating marine pathogens, presenting a risk to marine values (i.e., environmental, economic, social, and cultural). While preventive measures to minimize the translocation of macro-organisms are the most efficient way to minimize the likelihood of associated pathogen translocation, the application of reactive management measures to biofouled vessels, including post-filtration treatment, requires further and explicit consideration.

Covid-19 – rumours and facts in media

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Tarare Toshida ◽  
Chaple Jagruti
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The People ◽  
The World

The covid-19 resulted in broad range of spread throughout the world in which India has also became a prey of it and in this situation the means of media is extensively inϑluencing the mentality of the people. Media always played a role of loop between society and sources of information. In this epidemic also media is playing a vital role in shaping the reaction in ϑirst place for both good and ill by providing important facts regarding symptoms of Corona virus, preventive measures against the virus and also how to deal with any suspect of disease to overcome covid-19. On the other hand, there are endless people who spread endless rumours overs social media and are adversely affecting life of people but we always count on media because they provide us with valuable answers to our questions, facts and everything in need. Media always remains on top of the line when it comes to stop the out spread of rumours which are surely dangerous kind of information for society. So on our side we should react fairly and maturely to handle the situation to keep it in the favour of humanity and help government not only to ϑight this pandemic but also the info emic.

scholarly journals Afro-Communitarianism and the Role of Traditional African Healers in the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Cordeiro-Rodrigues ◽  
Thaddeus Metz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
The Face

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, and in Africa, given the lack of resources, they are likely to be even more acute. The usefulness of Traditional African Healers in helping to mitigate the effects of pandemic has been neglected. We argue from an ethical perspective that these healers can and should have an important role in informing and guiding local communities in Africa on how to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Particularly, we argue not only that much of the philosophy underlying Traditional African Medicine is adequate and compatible with preventive measures for COVID-19, but also that Traditional African Healers have some unique cultural capital for influencing and enforcing such preventive measures. The paper therefore suggests that not only given the cultural context of Africa where Traditional African Healers have a special role, but also because of the normative strength of the Afro-communitarian philosophy that informs it, there are good ethical reasons to endorse policies that involve Traditional Healers in the fight against COVID-19. We also maintain that concerns about Traditional African Healers objectionably violating patient confidentiality or being paternalistic are much weaker in the face of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Targeting Hedgehog Signalling through the Ubiquitylation Process: The Multiple Roles of the HECT-E3 Ligase Itch

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Infante ◽  
Ludovica Lospinoso Severini ◽  
Flavia Bernardi ◽  
Francesca Bufalieri ◽  
Lucia Di Marcotullio
Keyword(s):  
E3 Ligase ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Hedgehog Signalling ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Important Pathway ◽  
Multiple Levels

Hedgehog signalling (Hh) is a developmental conserved pathway strongly involved in cancers when deregulated. This important pathway is orchestrated by numerous regulators, transduces through distinct routes and is finely tuned at multiple levels. In this regard, ubiquitylation processes stand as essential for controlling Hh pathway output. Although this post-translational modification governs proteins turnover, it is also implicated in non-proteolytic events, thereby regulating the most important cellular functions. The HECT E3 ligase Itch, well known to control immune response, is emerging to have a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. By illustrating Itch specificities on Hh signalling key components, here we review the role of this HECT E3 ubiquitin ligase in suppressing Hh-dependent tumours and explore its potential as promising target for innovative therapeutic approaches.

Patchwork of oil and gas facilities in Saudi waters of the Arabian Gulf has the potential to enhance local fisheries production

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 2398-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotfi Rabaoui ◽  
Yu-Jia Lin ◽  
Mohammad A. Qurban ◽  
Rommel H. Maneja ◽  
Javier Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Faunal Assemblages ◽  
Fishery Resources ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Coastal Embayments ◽  
Oceanographic Variables

Abstract Because of the increasing oil industry development in the Arabian Gulf, hundreds of oil and gas facilities have been installed in both offshore and inshore areas during the last few decades. However, no studies have been conducted till now on the influence of these platforms on the structure and composition of marine faunal assemblages. The present work addresses this issue to propose environmental management measures connected to the utilization of fishery resources. Offshore and inshore surveys were carried out along the Saudi Gulf waters using trawl and beach-seine nets, respectively. Data relative to only fish (offshore) and fish and invertebrates (inshore) were collected concurrently with several factors: density of oil and gas facilities (offshore), distance to the nearest coastal platform (inshore), oceanographic variables, and habitat characteristics. Results of offshore surveys indicated higher fish density—both total and of fishery resources—in locations with a higher number of oil and gas facilities within a 5 km radius, whereas biomass density was not significantly different. Hence, oil and gas facilities seem to serve as nursery areas for small fish. For inshore communities, more species and diversity were found in stations closer to coastal oil and gas facilities. In addition, among the five coastal embayments sampled, those with more oil and gas facilities had more species. The findings of the present work support the hypothesis of a positive net ecological role of oil and gas platforms of the Saudi Arabian Gulf, with the implication that this effect could be extended to improve the sustainability of important fishery resources.

Relationship Between Geographical Indications and Trade Marks under Turkish Law

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ufuk Tekin
Keyword(s):  
Trade Mark ◽  
Geographical Indications ◽  
Geographical Indication ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Trade Marks ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
First Time

Abstract While geographical indications show geographical origin, trade marks show commercial origin. Therefore, it is possible to say that both geographical indications and trade marks have distinctive character. Indeed, when an application is filed to register a geographical indication as a trade mark, an important question is whether the sign is distinctive enough. In such cases, the distinctive character of these commercial and geographical ‘signs’ can overlap and intersect with each other. In this article, the intersection and relationship between geographical indications and trade marks will be evaluated by considering two different scenarios. In the first one, the trade mark application precedes the registration of the geographical indication, while in the second the application for the geographical indication is filed before the conflicting trade mark. The analysis is carried out by taking into account various provisions of theTurkish Industrial Property Code (IPC), the judicial practice of the Turkish Court of Cassation and international regulations. In this context, the relationship between several absolute grounds for refusal in such a situation and which of these provisions is the most applicable will be examined. In particular, an attempt will be made to explain the role of the absolute ground for refusal regulated in the new Turkish Industrial Property Code for the first time, namely that signs containing or consisting of a geographical indication cannot be registered as a trade mark (Art. 5.1(i)).

Role of SCO-792, A Novel Enteropeptidase Inhibitor, In the Prevention of Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yousif Rashid ◽  
Anupa Gnawali
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Duodenal Juice ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Pancreatic Parenchyma ◽  
New Novel ◽  
Rate Limiting

AbstractAcute pancreatitis is the most common iatrogenic dilemma of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis, and preventive measures were practiced accordingly. This study aims to refine the potential mechanisms that trigger post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis and define the role of enteropeptidase in the pathogenesis of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis. Furthermore, address the role of a new novel medication known as SCO-792, a potent enteropeptidase inhibitor, in the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis.Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis is caused by premature activation of the pancreatic enzymes within the pancreatic parenchyma. This activation is either an autoactivation due to direct provocation of intra-acinar enzymes as a result of the procedure or due to activation by enterpeptidase, a rate-limiting enzyme. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography interjects duodenal juice that is rich in enterokinase into the pancreatic-biliary tract, which in turn leads to intra-ductal activation of trypsinogen and subsequent enzymes. Given the vital role of enterokinase in initiating the pathogenesis of pancreatitis, enteropeptidase inhibition may prevent and reduce the severity of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.SCO-792, a novel enteropeptidase inhibitor, is developed by SCOHIA Pharma, and pre-clinical trials confirmed its efficacy in inhibiting enteropeptidase. Studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of enteropeptidase inhibitors in preventing post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.

ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH PERIODONTITIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Agapitov L.I. ◽  
Cherepnina I.V.
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation ◽  
Vascular Dilatation ◽  
Oral Inflammation

The presence of oral inflammation has recently been linked with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction is considered one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of a whole range of cardiovascular diseases. In the study describes links between periodontitis and endothelial dysfunction. 32 patients (16 boys and 16 girls) with periodontitis and 60 healthy children were examined. Flow-mediated vascular dilatation data were measured in all patients. Flow-mediated dilatation was 9,78±3,16% in children with periodontitis, and 12,85±3,48% in healthy children (p<0,05). Area under the dilation curve was larger in healthy children, then in children with periodontitis, 710±121%·с in comparison with 519±175%·с (p<0,05). An inverse correlation was found between flow-mediated dilatation, area under the dilation curve and periodontitis duration (r = -0,71, -0,77). A negative correlation was found between flow-mediated dilatation, area under the dilation curve and worsening of periodontitis (r = -0,70, -0,71). This study did not demonstrate association between periodontal disease in children and arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure. However, the identified endothelial dysfunction requires protective therapeutic and preventive measures. Given the insignificant symptoms of chronic periodontitis in the examined children, it is important to activate efforts aimed at early detection and treatment of this disease. Further research is needed to clarify the prognostic role of endothelial dysfunction in chronic periodontitis.

scholarly journals Androgen Receptor-Dependent and Independent Atheroprotection by Testosterone in Male Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (11) ◽  
pp. 5428-5437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Bourghardt ◽  
Anna S. K. Wilhelmson ◽  
Camilla Alexanderson ◽  
Karel De Gendt ◽  
Guido Verhoeven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesion ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Lesion Area ◽  
Major Pathway

The atheroprotective effect of testosterone is thought to require aromatization of testosterone to estradiol, but no study has adequately addressed the role of the androgen receptor (AR), the major pathway for the physiological effects of testosterone. We used AR knockout (ARKO) mice on apolipoprotein E-deficient background to study the role of the AR in testosterone atheroprotection in male mice. Because ARKO mice are testosterone deficient, we sham operated or orchiectomized (Orx) the mice before puberty, and Orx mice were supplemented with placebo or a physiological testosterone dose. From 8 to 16 wk of age, the mice consumed a high-fat diet. In the aortic root, ARKO mice showed increased atherosclerotic lesion area (+80%, P &lt; 0.05). Compared with placebo, testosterone reduced lesion area both in Orx wild-type (WT) mice (by 50%, P &lt; 0.001) and ARKO mice (by 24%, P &lt; 0.05). However, lesion area was larger in testosterone-supplemented ARKO compared with testosterone-supplemented WT mice (+57%, P &lt; 0.05). In WT mice, testosterone reduced the presence of a necrotic core in the plaque (80% among placebo-treated vs. 12% among testosterone-treated mice; P &lt; 0.05), whereas there was no significant effect in ARKO mice (P = 0.20). In conclusion, ARKO mice on apolipoprotein E-deficient background display accelerated atherosclerosis. Testosterone treatment reduced atherosclerosis in both WT and ARKO mice. However, the effect on lesion area and complexity was more pronounced in WT than in ARKO mice, and lesion area was larger in ARKO mice even after testosterone supplementation. These results are consistent with an AR-dependent as well as an AR-independent component of testosterone atheroprotection in male mice.

scholarly journals Role of Stress on Women’s Health: Causes and Prevention

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razia Saleem ◽  
Shamsul Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
General Condition ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
After Hours ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intense Research

In recent years, stress has been the focus of intense research attention. Stress is a misfit between the demands of the environment and the individual’s abilities; the imbalance may be corrected, according to the situation, either by adjusting external demands to fit the individual or by strengthening the individual’s ability to cope or both. Everyone is exposed to stress, and a great number of people have experienced the traces of stress. Women are socialized to be the caretakers of others. More women than men have both a career outside the home and continue to try to juggle traditional responsibilities after hours. It has often been shown that women are the worriers and often do not make time to manage their health and take care of themselves. Stress is on the rise for women as they struggle to find a balance between their homes and careers. The recession has caused a greater need for women to work outside of the home to support their families. Health is a general condition of the body or mind with reference to soundness and vigor; it will be reflected by good or poor health. A poor health affects our mind, as a stressed life affects our health. The struggle that women confront each days trying to achieve the standards of being a daughter, women, wife, mother, house, and/ or career keeper puts us in a vulnerable position of presenting stress effects that may affect our health. And there are some preventive measures to cope with stress such as meditation, yoga, quality time etc.

scholarly journals ON THE ROLE AND TASKS OF DOMESTIC FISHERY SCIENCE IN OCEANIC FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT

Fisheries ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sauskan ◽  
Viktor Osadchii ◽  
Aleksandr Arkhipov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
International Level ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Bilateral Agreements ◽  
Fishery Science ◽  
The World ◽  
International Regulations

A role of Russian science is increasing along with domestic fisheries development in the world Ocean. One of the main tasks of researchers is to protect the interests of Russian fisheries on the international level. Such protection is based on living resources investigation and formulation of recommendations on their sustainable development, taking into account the international regulations’ and bilateral agreements’ demands.

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