scholarly journals Creation of a Low-Alcohol-Production Yeast by a Mutated SPT15 Transcription Regulator Triggers Transcriptional and Metabolic Changes During Wine Fermentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Du ◽  
Yanlin Liu ◽  
Yuyang Song ◽  
Yi Qin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Metabolome Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Glycerol Formation

There is significant interest in the wine industry to develop methods to reduce the ethanol content of wine. Here the global transcription machinery engineering (gTME) technology was used to engineer a yeast strain with decreased ethanol yield, based on the mutation of the SPT15 gene. We created a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (YS59-409), which possessed ethanol yield reduced by 34.9%; this was accompanied by the increase in CO2, biomass, and glycerol formation. Five mutation sites were identified in the mutated SPT15 gene of YS59-409. RNA-Seq and metabolome analysis of YS59-409 were conducted compared with control strain, suggesting that ribosome biogenesis, nucleotide metabolism, glycolysis flux, Crabtree effect, NAD+/NADH homeostasis and energy metabolism might be regulated by the mutagenesis of SPT15 gene. Furthermore, two genes related to energy metabolism, RGI1 and RGI2, were found to be associated with the weakened ethanol production capacity, although the precise mechanisms involved need to be further elucidated. This study highlighted the importance of applying gTME technology when attempting to reduce ethanol production by yeast, possibly reprogramming yeast’s metabolism at the global level.

Construction of Yeast Strain Capable of Co-Fermenting Pentose and Hexose by Protoplast Fusion

2013 ◽  
Vol 781-784 ◽  
pp. 847-851
Author(s):  
Jin Ling Guo ◽  
Da Chun Gong ◽  
Zhi Jun Li ◽  
Zhou Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Protoplast Fusion ◽  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Parental Strain ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Pachysolen Tannophilus ◽  
Alcohol Conversion

Saccharomyces cerevisiae R40 and Pachysolen tannophilus P01 were used as the parental strain to construct an engineering strain capable of co-fermenting pentose and hexose by protoplast fusion. A fusant F202 was obtained through inactivating parental protoplasts, screening with YPX solid medium and high glucose liquid medium, ethanol production capacity detecting and identification with PCR-SSR technique. Subsequently, the fermentation performance and genetic stability of F202 was studied. The maximum ethanol production capacity from glucose was 1.47 ml/100 ml with a sugar and alcohol conversion rate 47% which was 11% higher than the parental strain P01. By fermenting xylose the ethanol concentration could achieve to 0.58 ml/100 ml with a sugar and alcohol conversion rate 12%. An ethanol concentration of 1.2 ml/100 ml was obtained by fermenting the mixture of xylose and glucose (mass ratio 1:2). Moreover, no decrease in ethanol yield after 8 generations propagation suggested fustant 202 possessed good genetic stability.

scholarly journals Fermentation of sucrose supplemented with monomeric sugars

1969 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Angel Moret Figueroa ◽  
Carlos Basilio Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Zymomonas Mobilis ◽  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Alcohol Production ◽  
Caribbean Area ◽  
Final Yield ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Fermentation Period

Zymomonas mobilis is a bacterium which presents several advantages over yeast with respect to ethanol production. It ferments monosaccarides with higher yields and tolerates higher concentrations of ethanol and sugars. However, the alcoholic fermentation of sucrose, which is the most widely used sugar for alcohol production in the Caribbean area, is poor. Therefore, it is important to find how to increase ethanol yield by using Zymomonas mobilis with sucrose as starting material. Our experimental results demonstrated that the addition of monosaccharides to a basic medium containing 6% sucrose increased ethanol yield by at least 10%. The addition of 2% fructose at the beginning of the fermentation period increased ethanol yield from 87.4% to 100%, whereas the addition of 2% glucose produced a yield of 97.5%. When 1% of both monosaccharides was added the final yield was 99.8%.

scholarly journals Enzymatic Process for Cystoseira barbata Valorization: Ethanol Production and Additional By-Products

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
Doinita-Roxana Cioroiu Tirpan ◽  
Ancaelena Eliza Sterpu ◽  
Claudia Irina Koncsag ◽  
Alina Georgiana Ciufu ◽  
Tănase Dobre
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cystoseira Barbata ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Process Factors

The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of dried Cystoseira barbata alga for ethanol production through alcoholic fermentation. The influence of the main factors affecting the fermentation are studied in the frame of a 23 factorial experimental plan. The main factors influencing the process are the fermentation temperature (t from 25 °C to 35 °C), the solid to liquid ratio (S/L from 0.040 g/g to 0.080 g/g), and the cellulase ratio (R from 8 U/g d.m to 16 U/g d.m.). The maximum volatile compounds yield of 0.2808 g/g d.m and ethanol yield of 0.0158 g/g d.m were favored by the following experimental conditions: process temperature of 35 °C, solid to liquid ratio of 0.0415, and enzyme ratio of 16 U/g d.m. A statistical model was used to correlate the product yield with the process factors. Additionally, 19 interesting bioactive compounds were found in the enzymatic hydrolysis and alcoholic fermentation broths which seem likely to maintain natural defence mechanisms against diseases and physical disorders.

scholarly journals Hemicellulosic Bioethanol Production from Fast-Growing Paulownia Biomass

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Elena Domínguez ◽  
Pablo G. del Río ◽  
Aloia Romaní ◽  
Gil Garrote ◽  
Lucília Domingues
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Xylose Reductase ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Scheffersomyces Stipitis ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Engineered Strain

In order to exploit a fast-growing Paulownia hardwood as an energy crop, a xylose-enriched hydrolysate was obtained in this work to increase the ethanol concentration using the hemicellulosic fraction, besides the already widely studied cellulosic fraction. For that, Paulownia elongata x fortunei was submitted to autohydrolysis treatment (210 °C or S0 of 4.08) for the xylan solubilization, mainly as xylooligosaccharides. Afterwards, sequential stages of acid hydrolysis, concentration, and detoxification were evaluated to obtain fermentable sugars. Thus, detoxified and non-detoxified hydrolysates (diluted or not) were fermented for ethanol production using a natural xylose-consuming yeast, Scheffersomyces stipitis CECT 1922, and an industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae MEC1133 strain, metabolic engineered strain with the xylose reductase/xylitol dehydrogenase pathway. Results from fermentation assays showed that the engineered S. cerevisiae strain produced up to 14.2 g/L of ethanol (corresponding to 0.33 g/g of ethanol yield) using the non-detoxified hydrolysate. Nevertheless, the yeast S. stipitis reached similar values of ethanol, but only in the detoxified hydrolysate. Hence, the fermentation data prove the suitability and robustness of the engineered strain to ferment non-detoxified liquor, and the appropriateness of detoxification of liquor for the use of less robust yeast. In addition, the success of hemicellulose-to-ethanol production obtained in this work shows the Paulownia biomass as a suitable renewable source for ethanol production following a suitable fractionation process within a biorefinery approach.

scholarly journals High Potential of Pichia kluyveri and Other Pichia Species in Wine Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1196
Author(s):  
Javier Vicente ◽  
Fernando Calderón ◽  
Antonio Santos ◽  
Domingo Marquina ◽  
Santiago Benito
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Wine Aroma ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Pichia Kluyveri ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fermentative Yeast

The surfaces of grapes are covered by different yeast species that are important in the first stages of the fermentation process. In recent years, non-Saccharomyces yeasts such as Torulaspora delbrueckii, Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, and Pichia kluyveri have become popular with regard to winemaking and improved wine quality. For that reason, several manufacturers started to offer commercially available strains of these non-Saccharomyces species. P. kluyveri stands out, mainly due to its contribution to wine aroma, glycerol, ethanol yield, and killer factor. The metabolism of the yeast allows it to increase volatile molecules such as esters and varietal thiols (aroma-active compounds), which increase the quality of specific varietal wines or neutral ones. It is considered a low- or non-fermentative yeast, so subsequent inoculation of a more fermentative yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae is indispensable to achieve a proper fermented alcohol. The impact of P. kluyveri is not limited to the grape wine industry; it has also been successfully employed in beer, cider, durian, and tequila fermentation, among others, acting as a promising tool in those fermentation processes. Although no Pichia species other than P. kluyveri is available in the regular market, several recent scientific studies show interesting improvements in some wine quality parameters such as aroma, polysaccharides, acid management, and color stability. This could motivate yeast manufacturers to develop products based on those species in the near future.

scholarly journals Effects of Ultrasound on Fermentation of Glucose to Ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Fermentation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Huezo ◽  
Ajay Shah ◽  
Frederick Michel
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Intraparticle Mass Transfer ◽  
Improve Mass Transfer

Previous studies have shown that pretreatment of corn slurries using ultrasound improves starch release and ethanol yield during biofuel production. However, studies on its effects on the mass transfer of substrates and products during fermentation have shown that it can have both beneficial and inhibitory effects. In this study, the effects of ultrasound on mass transfer limitations during fermentation were examined. Calculation of the external and intraparticle observable moduli under a range of conditions indicate that no external or intraparticle mass transfer limitations should exist for the mass transfer of glucose, ethanol, or carbon dioxide. Fermentations of glucose to ethanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae were conducted at different ultrasound intensities to examine its effects on glucose uptake, ethanol production, and yeast population and viability. Four treatments were compared: direct ultrasound at intensities of 23 and 32 W/L, indirect ultrasound (1.4 W/L), and no-ultrasound. Direct and indirect ultrasound had negative effects on yeast performance and viability, and reduced the rates of glucose uptake and ethanol production. These results indicate that ultrasound during fermentation, at the levels applied, is inhibitory and not expected to improve mass transfer limitations.

scholarly journals Ethanol production using vegetable peels medium and the effective role of cellulolytic bacterial (Bacillus subtilis) pre-treatment

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Salman Khan Promon ◽  
Wasif Kamal ◽  
Shafkat Shamim Rahman ◽  
M. Mahboob Hossain ◽  
Naiyyum Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Alcohol Production

Background: The requirement of an alternative clean energy source is increasing with the elevating energy demand of modern age. Bioethanol is considered as an excellent candidate to satiate this demand.Methods:Yeast isolates were used for the production of bioethanol using cellulosic vegetable wastes as substrate. Efficient bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass into ethanol was achieved by the action of cellulolytic bacteria (Bacillus subtilis).  After proper isolation, identification and characterization of stress tolerances (thermo-, ethanol-, pH-, osmo- & sugar tolerance), optimization of physiochemical parameters for ethanol production by the yeast isolates was assessed. Very inexpensive and easily available raw materials (vegetable peels) were used as fermentation media. Fermentation was optimized with respect to temperature, reducing sugar concentration and pH.Results:It was observed that temperatures of 30°C and pH 6.0 were optimum for fermentation with a maximum yield of ethanol. The results indicated an overall increase in yields upon the pretreatment ofBacillus subtilis; maximum ethanol percentages for isolate SC1 obtained after 48-hour incubation under pretreated substrate was 14.17% in contrast to untreated media which yielded 6.21% after the same period. Isolate with the highest ethanol production capability was identified as members of the ethanol-producingSaccharomycesspecies after stress tolerance studies and biochemical characterization using Analytical Profile Index (API) ® 20C AUX and nitrate broth test. Introduction ofBacillus subtilisincreased the alcohol production rate from the fermentation of cellulosic materials.Conclusions:The study suggested that the kitchen waste can serve as an excellent raw material in ethanol fermentation.

scholarly journals POTENCIAL DE CLONES EXPERIMENTAIS DE BATATA-DOCE PARA PRODUÇÃO DE ETANOL

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Adriano Mendes Lourenço ◽  
Aline Torquato Tavares ◽  
Tiago Alves Ferreira ◽  
Danilo Alves da Silva Porto Lopes ◽  
João Victor Gonçalves Carline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
Ethanol Yields ◽  
Root Starch ◽  
Breeding Selection ◽  
Starch Yield

A batata-doce (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) tem sido reportada como uma das espécies de planta com grande capacidade de converter biomassa em matéria prima para produção de etanol. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de clones de batata-doce para produção de etanol. Foram avaliados 60 clones de batata-doce para produtividade de raízes, teor de amido nas raízes, produtividade de amido, coloração da casca e da polpa e o rendimento de etanol. O clone BDTO#122,32 e as cultivares Ana Clara e Carolina Vitória com média de 46,77; 42,75 e 41,25 t ha-¹, respectivamente, foram os que mais conseguiram acumular biomassa na forma de raiz. Os clones que apresentam as maiores médias de produtividade de amido por hectare foram BDTO#144.22 e BDTO#100.23, com valores de 15,46 e 14,16% t ha-1, com rendimentos de etanol de 8,33 e 7,63 m³ ha-¹. Os clones BDTO#144.22 e BDTO#100.23 apresentaram as maiores médias de produtividade de amido por hectare e rendimento de etanol, sendo, portanto, os mais promissores para a produção de etanol.Palavras-chave: Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam, melhoramento genético, seleção, biocombustível. POTENTIAL OF EXPERIMENTAL CLONES OF SWEET POTATO FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION ABSTRACT:Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) Has been reported as one of the plant species with great ability to convert biomass into feedstock for ethanol production. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of sweet potato clones for ethanol production. Twenty-six sweet potato clones were evaluated for root productivity, root starch content, starch yield, bark and pulp color, and ethanol yield. Clone BDTO # 122.32 and cultivars Ana Clara and Carolina Vitória averaging 46.77; 42.75 and 41.25 t ha-1, respectively, were the ones that were able to accumulate biomass in the root form. The clones presenting the highest starch productivity per hectare were BDTO # 144.22 and BDTO # 100.23, with values of 15.46 and 14.16% t ha-1, with ethanol yields of 8.33 and 7.63 m³ ha-¹. The clones BDTO # 144.22 and BDTO # 100.23 showed the highest averages of starch productivity per hectare and yield of ethanol, thus being the most promising for the production of ethanol.Keywords: Ipomoea potatoes (L.) Lam, breeding, selection, biofuel.

scholarly journals HIGH-PERFORMANCE LEVEL AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT AMONG WINERY FIRMS IN THE WINE INDUSTRY CLUSTER OF BAJA CALIFORNIA: A FSQCA APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSÉ CARLOS RODRÍGUEZ ◽  
MARIO GÓMEZ ◽  
MARÍA ALINE MANZO
Keyword(s):  
Technology Management ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Industry Cluster ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
High Performance Level

ABSTRACT This paper analyzes how wineries in the wine industry cluster of Baja California in Mexico achieve a high-performance level and engage in technology management. The study uses the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis approach to inquire into the necessary and sufficient conditions for firms in this industry cluster to attain a high-performance level. Our research hypothesis suggests that the presence of some resources (conditions) in the wine industry cluster of Baja California is a necessary and sufficient condition (set-theoretic relations) to achieve a high-performance level (outcome). Accordingly, this study examines the causal complexity observed in set-theoretic relations and high-performance levels in the wine industry cluster of Baja California. An important finding in this research is that winery firms in Baja California do not need to develop interdependent innovations to achieve a high-performance level. However, research and development efforts, good supplier relations, and production capacity are necessary conditions to achieve a high performance level in this cluster.

scholarly journals Direct Ethanol Production from Lignocellulosic Sugars and Sugarcane Bagasse by a RecombinantTrichoderma reeseiStrain HJ48

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Huang ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Yutuo Wei ◽  
Qingyan Wang ◽  
Zhenchong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Trichoderma Reesei ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Consolidated Bioprocessing ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Genome Shuffling ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Mutant Population ◽  
Ethanol Resistance ◽  
Lignocellulosic Sugars

Trichoderma reeseican be considered as a candidate for consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) microorganism. However, its ethanol yield needs to be improved significantly. Here the ethanol production ofT. reeseiCICC 40360 was improved by genome shuffling while simultaneously enhancing the ethanol resistance. The initial mutant population was generated by nitrosoguanidine treatment of the spores, and an improved population producing more than fivefold ethanol than wild type was obtained by genome shuffling. The results show that the shuffled strain HJ48 can efficiently convert lignocellulosic sugars to ethanol under aerobic conditions. Furthermore, it was able to produce ethanol directly from sugarcane bagasse, demonstrating that the shuffled strain HJ48 is a suitable microorganism for consolidated bioprocessing.

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