scholarly journals Transcriptomic Responses of Cordyceps militaris to Salt Treatment During Cordycepins Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongbo Lv ◽  
Yue Zhu ◽  
Xiaojie Cheng ◽  
Yan Cao ◽  
Bin Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Industrial Strains ◽  
Preliminary Study

Cordycepin is a major bioactive compound found in Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) that exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities. Hence, it is potentially a bioactive ingredient of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. However, overexploitation and low productivity of natural C. militaris is a barrier to commercialization, which leads to insufficient supply to meet its existing market demands. In this study, a preliminary study of distinct concentrations of salt treatments toward C. militaris was conducted. Although the growth of C. militaris was inhibited by different salt treatments, the cordycepin production increased significantly accompanied by the increment of salt concentration. Among them, the content of cordycepin in the 7% salt-treated group was five-fold higher than that of the control group. Further transcriptome analysis of samples with four salt concentrations, coupled with Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found. Finally, dynamic changes of the expression patterns of four genes involved in the cordycepin biosynthesis pathway were observed by the quantitative real-time PCR. Taken together, our study provides a global transcriptome characterization of the salt treatment adaptation process in C. militaris and facilitates the construction of industrial strains with a high cordycepin production and salt tolerance.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF CURCUMIN ADMINISTRATION ON EXPRESSION PATTERNS OF VEGF AND COX-2 IN FERTILE ENDOMETRIUM: A RANDOMISED CLINICAL TRIAL

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
RAJUDDIN RAJUDDIN ◽  
BUDI WIWEKO ◽  
LUTFI NUGROHO
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Fertile Women

Objective: Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a a compound isolated from turmeric with biological activities, including antifertility. Curcumin inhibits COX-2 expression in granulosa cells of ovarian follicles and disrupts vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) derived angiogenesis in the endometrium, reducing endometrial receptivity. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of curcumin on COX-2 and VEGF expression in endometrium of fertile women. Methods: A prospective double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in a group of fertile women with regular menstrual cycles, aged between 20-30 y, married, and with children. Subjects were divided into a group receiving daily 800 mg encapsulated curcumin. Curcumin orally for ten days, starting on the third day of the first menstrual day, and a control group. Endometrial biopsy was performed using a microcuret and immunohistochemistry was used to assess VEGF and COX-2 expression. The results were analysed using an independent sample t-test. Results: In the curcumin-treated group, VEGF expression was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05), and COX-2 expression was higher but not significantly so (p>0.05). Conclusion: The curcumin causes VEGF expression in endometrium is lower and negatively affects the growth of endometrial stromal cells.

scholarly journals Oxyresveratrol Modulates Gene Expression of Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Control and DNA Repair in MCF7 Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarayut Radapong ◽  
Kelvin Chan ◽  
Satyajit D. Sarker ◽  
Kenneth J. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Cell Cycle Control ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Mcf7 Cells

Oxyresveratrol (OXY) is a small molecule of phytochemical known as hydroxystilbenoids, which have been reported significantly important biological activities. The aim of this study was to elucidate the gene expression and biological pathways altered in MCF7, breast cancer cells. The cytotoxicity to different cancer cell lines was screened using MTT assay and then whole gene expression was elucidated using microarray. The pathways selected also validated by quantitative PCR analysis, fluorometric and western blot assay. A total of 686 genes were found to have altered mRNA expression levels of two-fold or more in the 50 μM OXY-treated group, while 2,338 genes were differentially expressed in the 100 µM-treated group. The relevant visualized global expression patterns of genes and pathways were generated. Apoptosis was activated through mitochondria-lost membrane potential, caspase-3 expression and chromatin condensation without DNA damage. G0/G1 and S phases of the cell cycle control were inhibited dose-dependently by the compound. Rad51 gene (DNA repair pathway) was significantly down-regulated (p &lt; 0.0001). These results indicated that OXY moderated the key genes and pathways in MCF7 cells that could be developed as chemotherapy or chemo-sensitizing agent.

scholarly journals Improvement of in vitro-produced bovine embryo treated with coagulansin-A under heat-stressed condition

Reproduction ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 153 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Khan ◽  
Kyeong-Lim Lee ◽  
Lianguang Xu ◽  
Ayman Mesalam ◽  
M M R Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Stressed Condition ◽  
Blastocyst Development ◽  
Different Temperatures

Heat stress has large effects on reproduction including conception rate in cattle. In this study, we examined the effects of coagulansin-A (coa-A), a steroidal lactone, on acquired thermo tolerance duringin vitroproduction of bovine embryos. Oocytes were incubated inin vitromaturation (IVM) media with or without coa-A at two different temperatures, 40.5˚C and 42˚C, for 20 h. The treatment of coa-A significantly improved blastocyst development only at 40.5˚C (P < 0.05). Interestingly, immunofluorescence analysis demonstrated that coa-A induced heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), but significantly attenuated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2). To determine the expression patterns of related genes at the transcription level, qRT-PCR was performed. Expression ofHSP70andPI3Kwas elevated, whereas expression ofNF-κB,COX2and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was significantly (P < 0.05) downregulated in the coa-A-treated group compared with the control group. Moreover, pro-apoptotic genes were downregulated, and antiapoptic genes were upregulated in the coa-A group. We also counted the total cell number and apoptotic nuclei at the blastocyst and found that more cell numbers (143.1 ± 1.5) and less apoptotic damages (6.4 ± 0.5) in the coa-A treatment group comparing to control group (131.4 ± 2.0 and 10.8 ± 0.5), indicating the enhanced embryo quality. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the coa-A not only improved the blastocyst developmentin vitrobut also increased their resistance to heat stress condition through induction ofHSP70/PI3K.

scholarly journals Preliminary study of the digestive effects of Chenopodium ambrosioides Linn. (Chenopodiaceae) leaves extracts in goats

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (04) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daga Dadjo Florian ◽  
Sabbas Attindehou ◽  
Marcellin Cokou Takin ◽  
Armand Bienvenu Gbangboche ◽  
Aimé Gnancadja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽  
Voluntary Feed Intake ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Crude Aqueous Extract

The effects of the crude aqueous extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides leaves on food intake and digestibility were evaluated with twelve Sahelian goats weighing about 25 kg. Three experimental groups, each consisting of three animals, were treated respectively with the dose of 1ml, 2ml and 4ml/kg of body weight. Treatment was daily and lasted three days. One control group, receiving the same diet as the experimental groups, was involved. The experiment revealed that the herbal extract induced a highly significant variation (p 0.01) in voluntary feed intake expressed in grams of dry matter (DM) from 366.67 g ± 86 (control group) to 631.67 g ± 106.37 (4ml/kg/BW treated group). Concerning digestibility, the results indicated an increase in the absorption of ash and fibre (39.65 % ± 2.65 to 51.38 % ± 4.91). But the digestibility of protein was only slightly influenced by the herbal extract. Animals treated with 4ml/kg/BW dosage had soft and pasty faeces. The aqueous extract of C. ambrosioides leaves would own interesting digestive effects in small ruminants in the fattening stage or those suffering from indigestion due to rumen stuffing. Further specialized studies may clarify those effects.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Murine Alpha Interferon Gene Family

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (15) ◽  
pp. 8219-8228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent van Pesch ◽  
Hanane Lanaya ◽  
Jean-Christophe Renauld ◽  
Thomas Michiels
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Genome ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Alpha Interferon ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Mouse Genome Sequence ◽  
Human Genomes ◽  
Interferon Gene

ABSTRACT Mouse and human genomes carry more than a dozen genes coding for closely related alpha interferon (IFN-α) subtypes. IFN-α, as well as IFN-β, IFN-κ, IFN-ε, and limitin, are thought to bind the same receptor, raising the question of whether different IFN subtypes possess specific functions. As some confusion existed in the identity and characteristics of mouse IFN-α subtypes, the availability of data from the mouse genome sequence prompted us to characterize the murine IFN-α family. A total of 14 IFN-α genes were detected in the mouse genome, in addition to three IFN-α pseudogenes. Four IFN-α genes (IFN-α1, IFN-α7/10, IFN-α8/6, and IFN-α11) exhibited surprising allelic divergence between 129/Sv and C57BL/6 mice. All IFN-α subtypes were found to be stable at pH 2 and to exhibit antiviral activity. Interestingly, some IFN subtypes (IFN-α4, IFN-α11, IFN-α12, IFN-β, and limitin) showed higher biological activity levels than others, whereas IFN-α7/10 exhibited lower activity. Most murine IFN-α turned out to be N-glycosylated. However, no correlation was found between N-glycosylation and activity. The various IFN-α subtypes displayed a good correlation between their antiviral and antiproliferative potencies, suggesting that IFN-α subtypes did not diverge primarily to acquire specific biological activities but probably evolved to acquire specific expression patterns. In L929 cells, IFN genes activated in response to poly(I•C) transfection or to viral infection were, however, similar.

scholarly journals Development and Characterization of Biointeractive Gelatin Wound Dressing Based on Extract of Punica granatum Linn

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1204
Author(s):  
Marismar F. do Nascimento ◽  
Juliana C. Cardoso ◽  
Tarsizio S. Santos ◽  
Lívia A. Tavares ◽  
Tatiana N. Pashirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Gel Membranes

Punica granatum Linn (pomegranate) extracts have been proposed for wound healing due to their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this work, we designed biointeractive membranes that contain standard extracts of P. granatum for the purpose of wound healing. The used standard extract contained 32.24 mg/g of gallic acid and 41.67 mg/g of ellagic acid, and it showed high antioxidant activity (the concentration of the extract that produces 50% scavenging (IC50) 1.715 µg/mL). Compared to the gelatin-based membranes (GEL), membranes containing P. granatum extracts (GELPG) presented a higher maximal tension (p = 0.021) and swelling index (p = 0.033) and lower water vapor permeability (p = 0.003). However, no difference was observed in the elongation and elastic modulus of the two types of membranes (p > 0.05). Our wound-healing assay showed that a GELPG-treated group experienced a significant increase compared to that of the control group in their wound contraction rates on days 3 (p < 0.01), 7 (p < 0.001), and on day 14 (p < 0.001). The GELPG membranes promoted major histological changes in the dynamics of wound healing, such as improvements in the formation of granular tissue, better collagen deposition and arrangement, and earlier development of cutaneous appendages. Our results suggest that a biointeractive gelatin-based membrane containing P. granatum extracts has a promising potential application for dressings that are used to treat wounds.

Tryptophan-Niacin Metabolism in Rat with Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukari Egashira ◽  
Shin Nagaki ◽  
Hiroo Sanada
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Puromycin Aminonucleoside ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Key Enzyme

We investigated the change of tryptophan-niacin metabolism in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside PAN-induced nephrosis, the mechanisms responsible for their change of urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites, and the role of the kidney in tryptophan-niacin conversion. PAN-treated rats were intraperitoneally injected once with a 1.0% (w/v) solution of PAN at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The collection of 24-hour urine was conducted 8 days after PAN injection. Daily urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites, liver and blood NAD, and key enzyme activities of tryptophan-niacin metabolism were determined. In PAN-treated rats, the sum of urinary excretion of nicotinamide and its metabolites was significantly lower compared with controls. The kidneyα-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (ACMSD) activity in the PAN-treated group was significantly decreased by 50%, compared with the control group. Although kidney ACMSD activity was reduced, the conversion of tryptophan to niacin tended to be lower in the PAN-treated rats. A decrease in urinary excretion of niacin and the conversion of tryptophan to niacin in nephrotic rats may contribute to a low level of blood tryptophan. The role of kidney ACMSD activity may be minimal concerning tryptophan-niacin conversion under this experimental condition.

Haemostatic Clot Formation at Anastomosis of Synthetic Venous Graft in Defibrinogenated Dogs: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (03) ◽  
pp. 276-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ishimaru ◽  
E Berglin ◽  
H-A Hansson ◽  
A-C Teger-Nilsson ◽  
G William-Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Vena Cava ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Fibrin Network ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Graft ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Scanning Electron

SummaryA segment of the inferior vena cava was replaced by an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft in 13 dogs. Five of them served as a control group, while the other 8 were moderately or severely defibrinogenated with subcutaneous batroxobin. Plasma fibrinogen decreased to extremely low values throughout the experiment in the defibrinogenated dogs except in the moderately treated group in which it temporarily rose to 0.72-0.87 g/1 on the first postoperative day.Scanning electron microscopic observations of the haemostatic clot formed at the anastomoses of the graft revealed no significant morphological differences in platelet adhesion and/or aggregation between the three groups. These findings confirmed that platelets play a key role in primary haemostasis during defibrinogenation.The fibrin network was slightly diminished and only short fibrin filaments could be seen in the moderately and severely defibrinogenated groups respectively. These differences in composition of the clots are discussed in relation to their haemostatic capacity.

Effects of oestradiol benzoate (OeB) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) on the testes and accessory sex glands of the rat

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mridula Chowdhury ◽  
Robert Tcholakian ◽  
Emil Steinberger
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Plasma Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Intact Control ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Direct Inhibitory Effect

Abstract. It has been suggested that treatment of intact male rats with oestradiol benzoate (OeB) causes an interference with testosterone (T) production by the testes by a direct inhibitory effect on steroidogenesis. To test this hypothesis, different doses (5, 10 or 25 IU) of hCG were administered concomitantly with 50 μg of OeB to adult intact or hypophysectomized male rats. The testicular and plasma testosterone, and serum hCG levels were determined. The sex accessory weights were recorded. In the intact OeB-treated group of animals, hCG stimulated both the secondary sex organs and plasma testosterone levels above the intact control group. However, in hypophysectomized animals, although plasma testosterone levels increased above that of intact controls, their secondary sex organ weights did not. Moreover, inspite of high circulating hCG levels, the testicular testosterone content and concentration remained suppressed in OeB-treated animals. The reason for such dichotomy of hCG action on OeB-treated animals is not clear at present.

Evaluation of anti-psoriatic activity of selected phytochemicals on UV-induced psoriasis in mouse tail model

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Jada Naga Lakshmi ◽  
A. Narendra Babu ◽  
Rama Rao Nadendla
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Epidermal Thickness ◽  
Psoriasis Severity

Objectives: To evaluate anti-psoriatic activity of Phytochemicals on UV-Induced psoriasis in mouse tail model. Materials and Methods: Anti-psoriatic activity of selected phytochemicals on UV-Induced psoriasis in mouse tail model. The animals were dividing into 05 groups and each group contain 5 animals. Disease control group did not receive any treatment only exposure to UV-light, vehicle control treated with simple ointment, standard group treated with salicylic acid (1%w/w) ointment, remaining group are treated 1% and 2% selective phytochemical at two concentrations of ointment to topically on the tail skin. And the data were analysed using one way ANOVA followed by two-way ANOVA (Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test). Results: There was significant decrease in epidermal thickness (P < 0.05) as compared with control group. In 2% phytoconstituents has shown a significant reduction in the total epidermal thickness 8.4****±0.748, 7.6**±0.6781 and 8*±0.8366 in geraniol, glycyrrhizic acid and ellagic acid treated group, when compare to the disease induced animal, there was no lesion of Munro’s microabscess, capillary loop dilation along with elongation of rete ridges in the section of skin of rats. Psoriasis Severity Index was reduced in test treated groups as compared with that of disease control group. It was slowly reduced to 2nd week, totally (55-70%) reduction in PSI is observed at the time of third week of treatment period. Conclusion: The result of the study showed that the 2% of geraniol, ellagic acid, glycyrrhizicacid and hesperidin, exhibited significant activity on UV-induced psoriasis in rodents. The study implies that selected phytoconstituents are a promising research for further investigations to prove its anti-psoriatic activity.

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