scholarly journals The Role of Exosomal miRNAs in Glioma: Biological Function and Clinical Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yirizhati Aili ◽  
Nuersimanguli Maimaitiming ◽  
Yusufu Mahemuti ◽  
Hu Qin ◽  
Yongxin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
Exosomal Mirna ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Exosomal Microrna

Gliomas are complex and heterogeneous central nervous system tumors with poor prognosis. Despite the increasing development of aggressive combination therapies, the prognosis of glioma is generally unsatisfactory. Exosomal microRNA (miRNA) has been successfully used in other diseases as a reliable biomarker and even therapeutic target. Recent studies show that exosomal miRNA plays an important role in glioma occurrence, development, invasion, metastasis, and treatment resistance. However, the association of exosomal miRNA between glioma has not been systemically characterized. This will provide a theoretical basis for us to further explore the relationship between exosomal miRNAs and glioma and also has a positive clinical significance in the innovative diagnosis and treatment of glioma.

On Important Role of the View of Harmony between Man and Nature in Modern Art Designing - Taking Environmental Design as an Example

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Gang Lv
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Modern Art ◽  
Environmental Design ◽  
Modern Design ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
People Orientation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Art Designing

This paper mainly discusses the important role of the Chinese ancient view –“harmony between man and nature” in modern design. It focuses on the analysis of popular concepts of “environment orientation” and “people orientation” in environmental design, and holds the view that the concept of “harmony of man and nature” makes up for the deficiencies of the first two. In dealing with the relationship between man and himself or nature, the concept of “harmony between man and nature” offers a good theoretical basis which will surely become new ethics and standard in design.

scholarly journals Targeting Heat Shock Protein 27 in Cancer: A Druggable Target for Cancer Treatment ?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seul-Ki Choi ◽  
Heejin Kam ◽  
Kye-Young Kim ◽  
Suk In Park ◽  
Yun-Sil Lee
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Heat Shock Protein ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 27 ◽  
Cytoskeletal Remodeling ◽  
Protein Chaperone

Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), induced by heat shock, environmental, and pathophysiological stressors, is a multi-dimensional protein that acts as a protein chaperone and an antioxidant. HSP27 plays a major role in the inhibition of apoptosis and actin cytoskeletal remodeling. HSP27 is upregulated in many cancers and is associated with poor prognosis, as well as treatment resistance whereby cells are protected from therapeutic agents that normally induce apoptosis. This review highlights the most recent findings and role of HSP27 in cancer, as well as strategies for using HSP27 inhibitors for therapeutic purposes.

DRAXIN as a Novel Diagnostic Marker to Predict the Poor Prognosis of Glioma Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhendong Liu ◽  
Runze Liu ◽  
Xingbo Cheng ◽  
Binfeng Liu ◽  
Yongjie Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Drug Analysis ◽  
Bioinformatics Analyses ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Reverse Transcription Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Biological Target ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract An increasing number of evidences have shown that the carcinogenic effect of DRAXIN plays an important role in the malignant process of tumors, but the mechanism of its involvement in glioma has not yet been revealed. The main aim of this study is to explore the relationship between DRAXIN and the prognosis and pathogenesis of glioma through a large qualities of data analysis. Firstly, thousands of tissue samples with clinical information were collected based on various public databases. Then, a series of bioinformatics analyses were performed to mine data from information of glioma samples extracted from several reputable databases to reveal the key role of DRAXIN in glioma development and progression, with the confirmation of basic experiments. Our results showed high expression of the oncogene DRAXIN in tumor tissue and cells could be used as an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in glioma patients and was strongly associated with clinical risk features. The reverse transcription-quantitative PCR technique was then utilized to validate the DRAXIN expression results we obtained. In addition, co-expression analysis identified respectively top 10 genes that were closely associated with DRAXIN positively or negatively. Finally, four drugs that may have inhibitory effects on DRAXIN were gained by Cmap drug analysis. To sum up, this is the first report of DRAXIN being highly expressed in gliomas and leading to poor prognosis of glioma patients. DRAXIN may not only benefit to explore the pathogenesis of gliomas, but also serve as a novel biological target for the treatment of glioma.

scholarly journals How Collaborative Culture Supports for Competitive Advantage: The Mediating Role of Organizational Learning

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Lei ◽  
Phong Ba Le ◽  
Hanh Thi Hong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Collaborative Culture ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The paper aims to clarify the influences of collaborative culture and specific aspects of organizational learning on competitive advantage. Structural equations modeling (SEM) is applied to test degree of influence of each variable has on each other through using data collected from 298 participants at 150 large manufacturing and service firms. The result shows that organizational learning act as mediating roles in the relationship between collaborative culture and competitive advantage. Our results indicate that collaborative culture practices will yield significant effects to competitive advantage directly or indirectly through improving specifics aspects of organizational learning. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis, which can be used to analyze relationships between collaborative culture, specifics aspects of organizational learning and competitive advantage. From a practical perspective, the study brings more deeply understanding for CEOs/managers about the necessary factors to encourage and promote firm’s competitive advantage.

scholarly journals Development of Antibody–Oligonucleotide Complexes for Targeting Exosomal MicroRNA

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asako Yamayoshi ◽  
Shota Oyama ◽  
Yusuke Kishimoto ◽  
Ryo Konishi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
Functional Inhibition ◽  
Novel Drug Delivery System ◽  
Exosomal Mirna ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Exosomal Microrna

MicroRNAs in exosomes (exosomal miRNAs) are considered as significant targets for cancer therapy. Anti-miR oligonucleotides are often used for the functional inhibition of miRNAs; however, there are no studies regarding the regulation of exosomal miRNA functions. In this study, we attempted to develop a novel drug delivery system using anti-exosome antibody–anti-miR oligonucleotide complexes (ExomiR-Tracker) to hijack exosomes to carry anti-miR oligonucleotides inside exosome-recipient cells. We found that ExomiR-Tracker bound to the exosomes, and then the complexes were introduced into the recipient cells. We also found that anti-miR oligonucleotides introduced into the recipient cells can exhibit inhibitory effects on exosomal miRNA functions in vitro and in vivo. We believe that our strategy would be a promising one for targeting exosomal miRNAs.

scholarly journals Adipose Tissue-Derived Signatures for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Adipokines, Batokines and MicroRNAs

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Woo Lee ◽  
Mihye Lee ◽  
Kyoung-Jin Oh
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Endocrine Organ ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
Exosomal Mirna

Obesity is one of the main risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is closely related to metabolic disturbances in the adipose tissue that primarily functions as a fat reservoir. For this reason, adipose tissue is considered as the primary site for initiation and aggravation of obesity and T2DM. As a key endocrine organ, the adipose tissue communicates with other organs, such as the brain, liver, muscle, and pancreas, for the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Two different types of adipose tissues—the white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT)—secrete bioactive peptides and proteins, known as “adipokines” and “batokines,” respectively. Some of them have beneficial anti-inflammatory effects, while others have harmful inflammatory effects. Recently, “exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs)” were identified as novel adipokines, as adipose tissue-derived exosomal miRNAs can affect other organs. In the present review, we discuss the role of adipose-derived secretory factors—adipokines, batokines, and exosomal miRNA—in obesity and T2DM. It will provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in disturbances of adipose-derived factors and will support the development of adipose-derived factors as potential therapeutic targets for obesity and T2DM.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-1271-5p inhibits the tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer through targeting E2F5 and negatively regulates the mTOR signaling pathway

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Li ◽  
Junyu Shi ◽  
Xiaoli Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Mtor Signaling Pathway ◽  
Direct Target ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: MicroRNA-1271-5p (miR-1271-5p) has been reported to participate in the progression of many human cancers. However, the role of miR-1271-5p still remains unclear in ovarian cancer (OC). Therefore, we explored the effect of miR-1271-5p on the development of OC in present study. Methods: We measured the miR-1271-5p expression via the qRT-PCR assay. Then the function of miR-1271-5p was analyzed through MTT and Transwell assays. The relationship among miR-1271-5p and E2F5 was verified by dual luciferase assay. The protein expression levels were examined through western blot.Results: MiR-1271-5p was downregulated in OC tissues which predicted poor prognosis of OC patients. Moreover, E2F5 was a direct target of miR-1271-5p in OC. And miR-1271-5p suppressed cell proliferation, migration and invasion in OC through targeting E2F5. Furthermore, E2F5 was upregulated in OC tissues which predicted poor prognosis of OC patients. Besides that, miR-1271-5p suppressed EMT and mTOR pathway in OC. Conclusion: MiR-1271-5p inhibited the tumorigenesis of OC through targeting E2F5 and negatively regulated the mTOR signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Exosomal MicroRNA-151a-3p Improves the Sensitivity to Radiotherapy via the Interaction between p53 and Histone Deacetylase 5

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Min Lee ◽  
Bo Hyun yoon ◽  
Myoung-Hee Kang ◽  
Dong Ha Kim ◽  
Yong-Hee cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Tumor Suppression ◽  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Radiation Equipment ◽  
Exosomal Mirna ◽  
Exosomal Microrna

Abstract Background: Tumor-derived exosomal microRNAs are key elements of the cell-cell communications response to lots of stimuli. However, various functions of the exosome in tumor suppression by radiotherapy (RT) are not clearly understood. Our study showed a previously unknown interaction of p53 and histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5) by radiation exposure in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Using serial ultracentrifugation methods, radiation and non-radiation exosomes were purified to investigate the radioresistance of miRNA151a-3p. Radiation doses were treated in 2gy and 4gy using radiation equipment X-RAD 320 to observe the expression of HDAC5 and p53 in hepatic cancer cells. Exosomal miRNA bioinformatics analysis was conducted to find a variation in the miRNA configuration inside Exosome after radiation exposure.Results: HDAC5 and p53 interacted by exposure to radiation, which increased exosome release and altered microRNAs' composition within exosomes. Also, we have described the intercommunication occurring between irradiated and untreated cells via exosomal microRNAs that affect tumor proliferation. In particular, the expression of exosomal microR151a-3p was markedly reduced by radiation treatment. We confirmed that inhibition of exosomal microR151a-3p promotes suppression of non-irradiated cancer cells, thereby increasing RT sensitivity. Conclusion: our present findings demonstrated HDAC5 is a key component of the p53-mediated release of exosomes resulting in tumor suppression through exosomal microRNA-151a-3p in response to radiation. Finally, we highlight the important role of exosomal microRNA 151a-3p as a biomarker in enhancing RT sensitivity.

scholarly journals Tumor-Associated Microglia and Macrophages in the Glioblastoma Microenvironment and their Implications for Therapy

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4255
Author(s):  
Rikke Sick Andersen ◽  
Atul Anand ◽  
Dylan Scott Lykke Harwood ◽  
Bjarne Winther Kristensen
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Temozolomide Chemotherapy

Glioblastoma is the most frequent and malignant primary brain tumor. Standard of care includes surgery followed by radiation and temozolomide chemotherapy. Despite treatment, patients have a poor prognosis with a median survival of less than 15 months. The poor prognosis is associated with an increased abundance of tumor-associated microglia and macrophages (TAMs), which are known to play a role in creating a pro-tumorigenic environment and aiding tumor progression. Most treatment strategies are directed against glioblastoma cells; however, accumulating evidence suggests targeting of TAMs as a promising therapeutic strategy. While TAMs are typically dichotomously classified as M1 and M2 phenotypes, recent studies utilizing single cell technologies have identified expression pattern differences, which is beginning to give a deeper understanding of the heterogeneous subpopulations of TAMs in glioblastomas. In this review, we evaluate the role of TAMs in the glioblastoma microenvironment and discuss how their interactions with cancer cells have an extensive impact on glioblastoma progression and treatment resistance. Finally, we summarize the effects and challenges of therapeutic strategies, which specifically aim to target TAMs.

scholarly journals High PRMT6 expression Associated With Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Glioma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yang ◽  
Zhenshuang Wang ◽  
Shengrong Long ◽  
Jinhai Huang ◽  
Chengran Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Arginine Methyltransferase ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Immune Infiltration ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Glioma is characterised by easy invasion of surrounding tissues, high mortality and poor prognosis. Moreover, the prognosis of glioma is getting worse and worse with the increase of grade, which is not optimistic. Therefore, biological markers for glioma are needed in clinical to detect and evaluate the situation and prognosis of patients with glioma. In many studies, we have found that the protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6) expression is elevated in various tumors, which is associated with prognosis of patient. However, there has been no report or study on the role of PRMT6 in glioma. Methods In this study, we used various tumor-related databases to analyze the mechanism of PRMT6 in tumors, especially gliomas, from bioinformatics, and carried out relevant experimental verification with tumor tissues extracted from patients during surgery. Besides, we analyzed the relationship between PRMT6 expression and immune infiltration and immune-related cells, and discussed the possible mechanisms. We also discussed the role of PRMT6 expression in glioma from mutation, clinical indicators, enrichment analysis, and immunohistochemical results. Results PRMT6 is significantly differentially expressed in multiple tumors, which is associated with survival and prognosis. Especially in gliomas, the PRMT6 expression gradually increased with the grade increasing. Besides, PRMT6 can be used as an independent prognostic risk factor in the nomogram and has been verified in various databases. Conclusions Our results indicate that high PRMT6 expression is a potential biomarker for predicting prognosis and progression of glioma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document