scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effect for Cerebral Ischemia by Natural Products: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Xie ◽  
Hongyan Li ◽  
Danni Lu ◽  
Jianmei Yuan ◽  
Rong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cerebral Ischemic ◽  
Relationship Of

Natural products have a significant role in the prevention of disease and boosting of health in humans and animals. Stroke is a disease with high prevalence and incidence, the pathogenesis is a complex cascade reaction. In recent years, it’s reported that a vast number of natural products have demonstrated beneficial effects on stroke worldwide. Natural products have been discovered to modulate activities with multiple targets and signaling pathways to exert neuroprotection via direct or indirect effects on enzymes, such as kinases, regulatory receptors, and proteins. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the established pharmacological effects and multiple target mechanisms of natural products for cerebral ischemic injury in vitro and in vivo preclinical models, and their potential neuro-therapeutic applications. In addition, the biological activity of natural products is closely related to their structure, and the structure-activity relationship of most natural products in neuroprotection is lacking, which should be further explored in future. Overall, we stress on natural products for their role in neuroprotection, and this wide band of pharmacological or biological activities has made them suitable candidates for the treatment of stroke.

Hemoglobin F (HbF) inducers; History, Structure and Efficacies

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Hashemi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Hemoglobin F ◽  
Chemical Structures

Abstract: Inherited beta-thalassemia is a major disease caused by irregular production of hemoglobin through reducing beta-globin chains. It has been observed that increasing fetal hemoglobin (HbF) production improves symptoms in the patients. Therefore, an increase in the level of HbF has been an operative approach for treating patients with beta-thalassemia. This review represents compounds with biological activities and pharmacological properties that can promote the HBF level and therefore used in the β-thalassemia patients' therapy. Various natural products with different mechanisms of action can be helpful in this medication cure. Clinical trials were efficient in improving the signs of patients. Association of in vivo, and in vitro studies of HbF induction and γ-globin mRNA growth displays that in vitro experiments could be an indicator of the in vivo response. The current study shows that; (a) HbF inducers can be grouped in several classes based on their chemical structures and mechanism of actions; b) According to several clinical trials, well-known drugs such as hydroxyurea and decitabine are useful HbF inducers; (c) The cellular biosensor K562 carrying genes under the control of the human γ-globin and β-globin gene promoters were applied during the researches; d) New natural products and lead compounds were found based on various studies as HbF inducers.

scholarly journals Baru Pulp (Dipteryx alata Vogel): Fruit from the Brazilian Savanna Protects against Oxidative Stress and Increases the Life Expectancy of Caenorhabditis elegans via SOD-3 and DAF-16

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1106
Author(s):  
Natasha Rios Leite ◽  
Laura Costa Alves de Araújo ◽  
Paola dos Santos da Rocha ◽  
Danielle Araujo Agarrayua ◽  
Daiana Silva Ávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Brazilian Savanna ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

Fruits are sources of bioactive compounds that are responsible for several biological activities. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the chemical composition of the pulp of the Brazilian Savanna fruit Dipteryx alata; evaluate its toxic effects, influence on the life expectancy of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and its antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo; and describe the mechanisms involved. The chemical compounds identified include phenols, terpenes, fatty acid derivatives, vitamins, and a carboxylic acid. The in vitro antioxidant activity was demonstrated by radical scavenging methods. in vivo, the D. alata fruit pulp was not toxic and promoted resistance to oxidative stress in nematodes exposed to a chemical oxidizing agent. Furthermore, it promoted an increased life expectancy in wild-type nematodes and increased the expression of superoxide dismutase and the nuclear translocation of DAF-16. These results suggest that the beneficial effects identified are related to these two genes, which are involved in the regulation of metabolic activities, the control of oxidative stress, and the lifespan of C. elegans. These beneficial effects, which may be related to its chemical constituents, demonstrate its potential use as a functional and/or nutraceutical food.

scholarly journals Evidences of Herbal Medicine-Derived Natural Products Effects in Inflammatory Lung Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Paula R. Santana ◽  
Nathalia M. Pinheiro ◽  
Márcia Isabel B. Mernak ◽  
Renato F. Righetti ◽  
Mílton A. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Pulmonary inflammation is a hallmark of many respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and acute respiratory syndrome distress (ARDS). Most of these diseases are treated with anti-inflammatory therapy in order to prevent or to reduce the pulmonary inflammation. Herbal medicine-derived natural products have been used in folk medicine and scientific studies to evaluate the value of these compounds have grown in recent years. Many substances derived from plants have the biological effectsin vitroandin vivo, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids. Among the biological activities of natural products derived from plants can be pointed out the anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antiplatelet, antitumor anti-allergic activities, and antioxidant. Although many reports have evaluated the effects of these compounds in experimental models, studies evaluating clinical trials are scarce in the literature. This review aims to emphasize the effects of these different natural products in pulmonary diseases in experimental models and in humans and pointing out some possible mechanisms of action.

Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation of Resveratrol-Loaded Bovine Serum Album Nanoparticles

2011 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Lei Li ◽  
Yuan Gang Zu ◽  
Xiu Hua Zhao ◽  
Dong Mei Zhao ◽  
Xiao Qiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Nano Technology ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range

Resveratrol (RES) is a naturally occurring triphenolic phytoalexin compound exerting numerous beneficial effects in the organism. It has a wide range of biological activities in vitro as well as in vivo, such as anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and beneficial cardiovascular effects. But, its low solubility in water led to its poor absorption in vivo and low bioavailability. Bovine serum album (BSA) nanoparticles have emerged as versatile desired carrier systems due to its ready availability, biodegradability, lack of toxicity and immunogenicity with fast development of nano technology. In this study, RES-BSANPS were prepared by a desolvation method and chemical cross-linking with glutaraldehyde successfully. Results controlled conditions (concentration of BSA, 10 mg/ml; pH = 9.0; volume of ethanol, 6 ml; volume of 0.25 % glutaraldehyde, 100 µl; amount of RES, 6.7 mg; cross-linking time, 24 h at room temperature (1 ml/min)) for entrapment efficiency, loading efficiency, mean particle size and zeta potential, were found to be 88.7 %, 39.4 %, 175.4 ± 0.5 nm, -35.93 ± 0.79 mV, respectively.

scholarly journals Scrophulariae Radix: An Overview of Its Biological Activities and Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5250
Author(s):  
Hae-Jin Lee ◽  
Hae-Lim Kim ◽  
Dong-Ryung Lee ◽  
Bong-Keun Choi ◽  
Seung-Hwan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Amnesic Effect ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Apoptotic Effect ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Scrophulariae Radix (SR) has an important role as a medicinal plant, the roots of which are recorded used to cure fever, swelling, constipation, pharyngitis, laryngitis, neuritis, sore throat, rheumatism, and arthritis in Asia for more than two thousand years. In this paper, the studies published on Scrophularia buergeriana (SB) and Scrophularia ningpoensis (SN) in the latest 20 years were reviewed, and the biological activities of SB and SN were evaluated based on in vitro and in vivo studies. SB presented anti-inflammatory activities, immune-enhancing effects, bone disorder prevention activity, neuroprotective effect, anti-amnesic effect, and anti-allergic effect; SN showed a neuroprotective effect, anti-apoptotic effect, anti-amnesic effect, and anti-depressant effect; and SR exhibited an immune-enhancing effect and cardioprotective effects through in vitro and in vivo experiments. SB and SN are both known to exert neuroprotective and anti-amensice effects. This review investigated their applicability in the nutraceutical, functional foods, and pharmaceutical industries. Further studies, such as toxicological studies and clinical trials, on the efficacy and safety of SR, including SB and SN, need to be conducted.

scholarly journals Phytosterols: Potential Metabolic Modulators in Neurodegenerative Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12255
Author(s):  
Niti Sharma ◽  
Mario A. Tan ◽  
Seong Soo A. An
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Isolated Structures ◽  
Biological And Pharmacological Activities

Phytosterols constitute a class of natural products that are an important component of diet and have vast applications in foods, cosmetics, and herbal medicines. With many and diverse isolated structures in nature, they exhibit a broad range of biological and pharmacological activities. Among over 200 types of phytosterols, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol were ubiquitous in many plant species, exhibiting important aspects of activities related to neurodegenerative diseases. Hence, this mini-review presented an overview of the reported studies on selected phytosterols related to neurodegenerative diseases. It covered the major phytosterols based on biosynthetic considerations, including other phytosterols with significant in vitro and in vivo biological activities.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Constituents, Biological Activities, and Health-Promoting Effects of the Melissa officinalis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Javad Sharifi-Rad ◽  
Cristina Quispe ◽  
Jesús Herrera-Bravo ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Wafa Abbaass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Health Promoting

Medicinal plants are being used worldwide for centuries for their beneficial properties. Some of the most popular medicinal plants belong to the Melissa genus, and different health beneficial effects have already been identified for this genus. Among these species, in particular, the Melissa officinalis L. has been reported as having many biological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumour, antiviral, antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, and also flatulence inhibiting effects. The beneficial properties of the Melissa officinalis, also known as “lemon balm herb”, can be related to the bioactive compounds such as terpenoids, alcohols, rosmarinic acid, and phenolic antioxidants which are present in the plant. In this updated review, the botanical, geographical, nutritional, phytochemical, and traditional medical aspects of M. officinalis have been considered as well as in vitro and in vivo and clinically proven therapeutic properties have been reviewed with a special focus on health-promoting effects and possible perspective nutraceutical applications. To evidence the relevance of this plant in the research and completely assess the context, a literature quantitative research analysis has been performed indicating the great interest towards this plant for its beneficial properties.

Emerging Potential of Naturally Occurring Autophagy Modulators Against Neurodegeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 772-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ataur Rahman ◽  
Md Rezanur Rahman ◽  
Toyfiquz Zaman ◽  
Md. Sahab Uddin ◽  
Rokibul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Therapeutic Assistance ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Made In

Background: Naturally-occurring products derived from living organisms have been shown to modulate various pharmacological and biological activities. Natural products protect against various diseases, which could be used for therapeutic assistance. Autophagy, a lysosome-mediated self-digestion pathway, has been implicated in a range of pathophysiological conditions and has recently gained attention for its role in several neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: In this current review, we emphasized the recent progress made in our understanding of the molecular mechanism of autophagy in different cellular and mouse models using naturally-occurring autophagy modulators for the management of several neurodegenerative diseases. Results: Accumulating evidence has revealed that a wide variety of natural compounds such as alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, xanthonoids, flavonoids, lignans, disaccharides, glycolipoproteins, and saponins are involved in the modulation of the autophagy signaling pathway. These natural products have been used to treat various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinocerebellar ataxia, neuroblastoma, and glioblastoma. Although a number of synthetic autophagy regulators have been recognized as encouraging neurodegenerative therapeutic candidates, natural autophagy- regulating compounds have been of further interest as potential disease therapeutics, as they cause insignificant side effects. Conclusion: Existing in vitro and in vivo data are promising and highlight that naturally-occurring autophagyregulating compounds play an important role in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

scholarly journals Current Methods for the Discovery of New Active Ingredients from Natural Products for Cosmeceutical Applications

Planta Medica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (07) ◽  
pp. 535-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Espinosa-Leal ◽  
Silverio Garcia-Lara
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Skin Whitening ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
In Vivo Tests

AbstractCosmeceuticals are designed to serve a dual purpose: to provide desired esthetical effects and to treat dermatological conditions. Natural products derived from plants and marine organisms are a novel source of potential cosmeceutical active ingredients for incorporation into new formulations due to consumer demands. Contrary to common perceptions, most regulatory agencies do not view cosmeceuticals as being a separate category from cosmetics; thus, these products are not regulated accordingly, thereby forcing the consumer to rely on the self-regulatory policies of the cosmetics industry. Cosmeceuticals are advertised as having capabilities that include anti-aging, anti-acne, solar-protective, wound healing, and skin whitening. Such traits normally comprise several biological activities. In order to ensure the safety and efficacy of these products, active ingredients employed in the formulations must undergo a series of tests. In this review, in vitro (enzymatic and cellular) and in vivo tests employed to evaluate the potential of new cosmeceutical active ingredients are discussed, and new trends that are being explored by the cosmeceutical industry are described.

Drug Leads Derived from Japanese Marine Organisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Uemura ◽  
Yoshinori Kawazoe ◽  
Toshiyasu Inuzuka ◽  
Yuki Itakura ◽  
Chiari Kawamata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Halichondrin B ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Biological Phenomena

: Many natural products with extraordinary chemical structures and brilliant biological activities have been obtained from marine organisms. We have investigated such fascinating bioactive molecules, exemplified by the potent marine toxin palytoxin and the antitumor molecule halichondrin B, which has been developed as the anticancer drug Halaven®, to explore novel frontiers in organic chemistry and bioscience. Working within the traditional discipline, we have sought to acquire a deeper understanding of biological phenomena. We introduce here our major work along with up-todate topics. We isolated yoshinone A from marine cyanobacteria and completed a gram-scale synthesis. Yoshinone A is a novel polyketide that inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocytes without significant cytotoxicity. The detailed mechanisms of action will be elucidated via further experiments in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we explore the true producers of okadaic acid and halichondrin B by immunostaining of Halichondria okadai with an antibody that was prepared using these natural products as an antigen. We will analyze isolated symbionts and reveal biosynthetic pathways.

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