scholarly journals Regulation of Growth and Main Health-Promoting Compounds of Chinese Kale Baby-Leaf by UV-A and FR Light

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui He ◽  
Yamin Li ◽  
Shuying Ou ◽  
Meifang Gao ◽  
Yiting Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
White Leds ◽  
Chinese Kale ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
New Perspective

Chinese kale baby leaves were hydroponically cultured under the basal light (Red: white LEDs = 2:3 at PPFD of 250 μmol·m−2·s−1) with different supplemental lighting, including individual ultraviolet-A (UV-A, 380 ± 10 nm, 20 μmol·m−2·s−1), far-red (FR, 735 ± 10 nm, 30 μmol·m−2·s−1) light, and their combination (UF) radiation in an artificial light plant factory. Effects of supplemental light qualities on morphology and physiology as well as health-promoting compounds of Chinese kale baby leaves were investigated. Application of UV-A and FR presented a positive effect on biomass, with a pronounced increase in petiole length, stem diameter, main stem length, and leaf area. Notably, plants under UF grew more vigorously than under other treatments. Higher levels of FRAP, vitamin C, total phenolic, and flavonoid were observed in plants under UV-A, while no striking changes or a decreasing trend recorded under FR and UF. Moreover, UV-A enhanced the glucosinolates (GLs) accumulation in Chinese kale baby leaves by increasing the predominant GLs (glucoraphanin and glucobrassicin) contents. RT-qPCR results indicated that UV-A upregulated the gene expressions of transcription factors and core structure genes related to GLs biosynthesis. However, downregulated or unchanged gene expressions of GLs biosynthesis-related genes in Chinese kale baby leaves were observed in FR and UF. Therefore, UV-A was benefited for the production of functional substances, while FR was conducive to a significant increase in crop yield. The combination of UV-A and FR, as a balance between yield and production of secondary metabolite, provided a new perspective for the application of artificial light in horticultural crop production.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation of Health-Promoting Bioactives in Broccoli and Methyl-Jasmonate Pre-Harvest Treatments to Enhance Their Contents

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Nuñez-Gómez ◽  
Nieves Baenas ◽  
Inma Navarro-González ◽  
Javier García-Alonso ◽  
Diego A. Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Diode Array ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Health Promoting

Broccoli is a source of bioactive compounds that provide an important nutritional value. The content of these compounds can vary depending on agronomic and environmental conditions, as well as on elicitation. In this study, three crop trials were carried out to evaluate the effects of the cultivation season, the application of different dosages of methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) on the overall quality and on the total content of bioactive compounds of ‘Parthenon’ broccoli cultivated under the field conditions of southeastern Spain. Color parameters, chlorophyll content, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity were measured to evaluate the overall quality. Moreover, individual carotenoids, phenolic compounds and glucosinolates were evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and high performance liquid chromatography equipped with diode array detector coupled to mass spectrometer using electro spray ionization (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MSn). The content of total carotenoids, phenolic compounds and glucosinolates were higher in autumn compared with spring, showing increases of 2.8-fold, 2-fold and 1.2-fold, respectively. Moreover, a double application of MeJA increased the contents of total carotenoids, phenolic compounds and glucosinolates by 22%, 32% and 39%, respectively, relative to the untreated samples. Considering our results, the controlled and timely application of 250 µM MeJA to the aerial parts of the plants four days before harvest, on two consecutive days, seems to be a valid agronomic strategy to improve the health-promoting capacity of Parthenon broccoli, without compromising its overall quality.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Adansonia digitata L. (Baobab) from Mali, as a Source of Health-Promoting Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Braca ◽  
Chiara Sinisgalli ◽  
Marinella De Leo ◽  
Beatrice Muscatello ◽  
Pier Luigi Cioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fruit Pulp ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Promising Source

Background: Adansonia digitata L. (Malvaceae), also known as baobab, is a tree attracting recent interest especially due to the high nutritional value of the fruit pulp. However, few studies are reported on the secondary metabolite content, showing high variability depending on the geographic region. Methods: In this study, the chemical profiles of Malian commercial baobab fruits and leaves, focused on phenolic content, were investigated by HPLC coupled with a photodiode array (PDA)/UV and an electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometer (MS) and gas chromatography (GC)/MS. In addition, the extracts of fruit pulps obtained from three different markets (Fruits 1, 2, and 3) were evaluated for their total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibition. Results: Baobab fruit pulps were found to be rich in procyanidins and flavonol glycosides, with tiliroside as the major constituent. The baobab leaves showed a similar profile respect to the fruits, but with more detected phenolics. All fruit pulp extracts exerted antioxidant activity (highest for Fruit 3) and higher α-glucosidase inhibition than acarbose used as standard. Conclusions: This study confirmed the variability of baobab with different origins and indicated Malian species baobab as a promising source of health-promoting substances.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Cauliflower According to Heat Treatment Method (P06-074-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Sun Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Health Promoting

Abstract Objectives Cauliflower is one of the cruciferous vegetables and contains various physiologically active substances such as glucosinolates, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Unlike ordinary vegetables, cruciferous vegetables are often consumed by cooking through heat treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different heating procedures, in particular steaming and boiling, on glucosinolate, total polyphenol, and total flavonoid concentrations in cauliflower. In addition, antioxidant activity was compared between fresh uncooked, steamed, and boiled cauliflower, which are the main methods of preparing cauliflower before consumption. Methods Glucosinolates in uncooked, steamed, and boiled cauliflower were subjected to high-pressure liquid chromatography. Total phenolic and total flavonoid content and antioxidant activities in cauliflower extracted in both water and 80% ethanol were determined. Results Eight glucosinolate peaks were detected in cauliflower representing glucoiberin, progoitrin, glucoraphanin, sinigrin, gluconapin, glucoiberverin, glucobrassicin, and gluconasturtiin. Boiling cauliflower significantly decreased the glucosinolate, total polyphenol, and total flavonoid concentrations compared to those of uncooked or steamed cauliflower. The results clearly indicated that health-promoting compounds in cauliflower are significantly affected by different cooking methods, showing that uncooked > steamed > boiled. The amounts of total polyphenols and total flavonoids contained within uncooked cauliflower extracted by 80% ethanol were higher than those in the steamed and boiled extracts. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in uncooked cauliflower extracted in 80% ethanol compared to that of water extracts at the same concentration. Steamed and boiled cauliflower extracts showed lower antioxidant activity. Conclusions Based on these results, fresh uncooked cauliflower is optimal in terms of the content of health-promoting compounds and antioxidant activity. It may be desirable to use steaming rather than boiling to minimize the loss of glucosinolates when storing, pretreating, processing, and cooking cruciferous vegetables. Funding Sources This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea.

scholarly journals Quality Evaluation and Functional Properties of Reduced Sugar Jellies Formulated from Citrus Fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ines Ben Rejeb ◽  
Nahla Dhen ◽  
Salma Kassebi ◽  
Mohamed Gargouri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Citrus Varieties ◽  
Hedonic Scale ◽  
Blood Orange

In Tunisia, despite the large annual production and the numerous citrus varieties under cultivation, citrus processing industries lack product diversity. Products based on dietary properties are a new trend aiming to develop innovative foods and to meet the requirements of the new customer class. In the present study, formulations of reduced sugar jelly products using antioxidant rich-fruit, citrus, were carried out. The effects of citrus juices on the jelly’s antioxidant properties, colour, consistency, and sensory evaluation were also investigated. Results showed that all citrus jellies maintain their antioxidant activity, correlated with phenolic content presence. In fact, total phenolic contents ranged between 123.16 and 192.76 mg GAE/100 g, while flavonoid content varied between 1.54 and 9.06 mg QE/100 g for grapefruit jelly and blood orange jelly, respectively. Results illustrated that antioxidant activity varies according to the variety. A sensory evaluation employing hedonic scale technique exhibited satisfactory acceptance of the reduced sugar blood orange and blond maltase jellies. These results highlight and promote the potential use of these citrus varieties in jelly industry as they present a rich source of phenolic compounds and may generate numerous phytochemicals with potential health promoting properties.

scholarly journals Time-Course of Changes in Photosynthesis and Secondary Metabolites in Canola (Brassica napus) Under Different UV-B Irradiation Levels in a Plant Factory With Artificial Light

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hui Lee ◽  
Seina Shibata ◽  
Eiji Goto
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gene Location ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Plant Factory

This study aimed to evaluate short-duration (24 h) UV-B irradiation as a preharvest abiotic stressor in canola plants. Moreover, we quantified the expression levels of genes related to bioactive compounds synthesis in response to UV-B radiation. Canola seedlings were cultivated in a plant factory under artificial light (200 μmol m–2 s–1 photosynthetic photon flux density; white LED lamps; 16 h on/8 h off), 25°C/20°C daytime/nighttime air temperature, and 70% relative humidity. Eighteen days after sowing, the seedlings were subjected to supplemental UV-B treatment. The control plants received no UV-B irradiation. The plants were exposed to 3, 5, or 7 W m–2 UV-B irradiation. There were no significant differences in shoot fresh weight between the UV-B-irradiated and control plants. With increasing UV-B irradiation intensity and exposure time, the H2O2 content gradually increased, the expression levels of genes related to photosynthesis downregulated, and phenylpropanoid and flavonoid production, and also total phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant, and anthocyanin concentrations were significantly enhanced. The genes related to secondary metabolite biosynthesis were immediately upregulated after UV-B irradiation. The relative gene expression patterns identified using qRT-PCR corroborated the variations in gene expression that were revealed using microarray analysis. The time point at which the genes were induced varied with the gene location along the biosynthetic pathway. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a temporal difference between the accumulation of antioxidants and the induction of genes related to the synthesis of this compound in UV-B-treated canola plants. Our results demonstrated that short-term UV-B irradiation could augment antioxidant biosynthesis in canola without sacrificing crop yield or quality.

scholarly journals Enhancement of antioxidant properties of Triticum durum obtained by traditional spontaneous fermentation in underground silos

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e57080
Author(s):  
Nabila Benhamada ◽  
Tayeb Idoui
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Spontaneous Fermentation ◽  
Natural Fermentation ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Impact

Fermented foods have made important contributions to human diets for thousands of years and continue to do so. Their health-promoting benefits are attracting increasingly attention. The present study was conducted to evaluate the impact of natural fermentation on antioxidant properties of traditionally fermented wheat (Triticum durum) compared to unfermented samples. Initially, the samples were submitted to traditional spontaneous fermentation. Subsequently, an aqueous extract was obtained and used to determine polyphenolic and flavonoid contents. Moreover, the antioxidant potential was also measured through the determination of the scavenging ability against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, reducing power and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. The results showed that the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were significantly increased in fermented wheat. Moreover, the antioxidant activity was more effective in fermented than in unfermented wheat. Thus, natural fermentation can enhance natural antioxidants in wheat and transform it into a healthy food or ingredient with multi-functional properties which can be used in the food industry.

scholarly journals A comprehensive overview of miRNA targeting drought stress resistance in plants

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. S. Shah ◽  
F. Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
The Given

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential nonprotein-coding genes. In a range of organisms, miRNAs has been reported to play an essential role in regulating gene expressions at post-transcriptional level. They participate in most of the stress responsive processes in plants. Drought is an ultimate abiotic stress that affects the crop production. Therefore understanding drought stress responses are essential to improve the production of agricultural crops. Throughout evolution, plants have developed their own defense systems to cope with the adversities of environmental stresses. Among defensive mechanisms include the regulations of gene expression by miRNAs. Drought stress regulates the expression of some of the functionally conserved miRNAs in different plants. The given properties of miRNAs provide an insight to genetic alterations and enhancing drought resistance in cereal crops. The current review gives a summary to regulatory mechanisms in plants as well as miRNAs response to drought stresses in cereal crops. Some possible approaches and guidelines for the exploitation of drought stress miRNA responses to improve cereal crops are also described.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Using Bitterness and Foaming Properties as Surrogate Instrument in Assessing Antioxidant Potentials of Selected Eggplant Cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice M Ogunbusola ◽  
Bode Daramola
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Foaming Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Markers ◽  
Insight Into

This study attempt to circumvent the hurdle associated with the utilization of laborious and expensive procedure to assess some health promoting properties of eggplant fruits. The feasibility of using simple and cheap procedure as a surrogate tool to gain insight into the antioxidant potentials of eggplant cultivars was evaluated. Some eggplants cultivars obtained fresh were used for the work. Extracts from the garden eggs were analysed for relative reducing power, total phenolic content and radical scavenging activity using DPPH. Physical and Sensory attributes such as foaming ability and stability, and level of bitterness were also carried out. Results showed that assessment of some antioxidant markers notably total phenolic content (2.266 – 6.406), radical scavenging activity (35.00 – 82.50) and relative reducing power (0.139 – 1.145), showed positive correlation (r = 0.60281 - 0.803348; r = 0.861877 -0.905333; and r = 0.851459 - 0.958941) with bitterness, foaming capacity and foaming stability respectively. Simple and cheap quality control protocol could be used as surrogate tool to gain insight into the antioxidant markers, a health promoting endowment of some eggplants. Keywords - Eggplants, bitterness, foaming capacity, surrogate tool, antioxidant potentials.

scholarly journals A One-Pot Ultrasound-Assisted Almond Skin Separation/Polyphenols Extraction and its Effects on Structure, Polyphenols, Lipids, and Proteins Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malak Tabib ◽  
Yang Tao ◽  
Christian Ginies ◽  
Isabelle Bornard ◽  
Njara Rakotomanomana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Temperature Optimization ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Intensity

Almond skin is an important by-product in the almond processing industry, rich in potentially health-promoting phenolic compounds. The objective of this present study is to separate the skin from the almond and extract its polyphenol contents using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) at room temperature. Optimization was performed according to a two-variable central composite design (CCD), and the optimum combination of ultrasonic intensity and extraction temperature was obtained through multi-response optimization: ultrasonic intensity (UI), 9.47 W.cm−2; and temperature, 20 °C for an extraction time of 20 min. Under the above-mentioned conditions, total phenolic content was 258% higher with UAE than silent experiment. Mathematic modelling and microscopic investigations were achieved to enable understanding physical and structural effects of ultrasound on almond skins and comprehension of the mechanism behind the enhancement of mass transfer phenomena. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed different acoustic cavitation impacts including fragmentation, sonoporation, and erosion. Extracts were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), identifying a combination of flavanols, flavanones and non-flavonoids. UAE shows no negative effect on almond proteins and lipids when compared to natural almonds (NS).

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