scholarly journals Soil Bacterial Community in the Multiple Cropping System Increased Grain Yield Within 40 Cultivation Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Ruiwen Hu ◽  
Zhongyi Zheng ◽  
Jiayi Yang ◽  
Huan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cropping Rotation

The shortage of land resources restricts the sustainable development of agricultural production. Multiple cropping has been widely used in Southern China, but whether the continuous planting will cause a decline in soil quality and crop yield is unclear. To test whether multiple cropping could increase grain yield, we investigated the farmlands with different cultivation years (10–20 years, 20–40 years, and >40 years). Results showed that tobacco-rice multiple cropping rotation significantly increased soil pH, nitrogen nutrient content, and grain yield, and it increased the richness of the bacterial community. The farmland with 20–40 years of cultivation has the highest soil organic carbon (SOC), ammonium nitrogen, and grain yield, but there is no significant difference in the diversity and structure of the bacterial community in farmlands with different cultivation years. The molecular ecological network indicated that the stability of the bacterial community decreased across the cultivation years, which may result in a decline of farmland yields in multiple cropping system> 40 years. The Acidobacteria members as the keystone taxa (Zi ≥ 2.5 or Pi ≥ 0.62) appeared in the tobacco-rice multiple cropping rotation farmlands, and the highest abundance of Acidobacteria was found in the farmland with the highest SOC and ammonium nitrogen content, suggesting Acidobacteria Gp4, GP7, GP12, and GP17 are important taxa involved in the soil carbon and nitrogen cycle. Therefore, in this study, the multiple cropping systems for 20 years will not reduce the crop production potential, but they cannot last for more than 40 years. This study provides insights for ensuring soil quality and enhancing sustainable agricultural production capacity.

scholarly journals The content of Fusarium mycotoxins, grain yield and quality of winter wheat cultivars under organic and conventional cropping systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Váňová ◽  
K. Klem ◽  
P. Míša ◽  
P. Matušinsky ◽  
J. Hajšlová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Nine cultivars of winter wheat were compared in organic and conventional crop rotation systems. Bread-making quality was evaluated using three parameters [thousand-kernel weight (TKW) in g, volume weight in g/l, protein content in %]. Grain yield, TKW and protein content of winter wheat in organic cropping system were significantly lower as compared to any intensity in conventional cropping system. However, clover as a preceding crop to winter wheat in organic crop rotation ensured a sufficient amount of nitrogen for grain yield, which was 6.72 t/ha on average of the three years. The requirement of the Czech national standard for bread wheat minimum value of protein content (11.5%) was met in conventional crop rotation in all cases. Average value of protein content in organic crop rotation met this limit too, but it was below the required value in two cases. The required value (760 g/l) of volume weight was met in majority of cases in organic crop rotation. The following species of the genus <I>Fusarium were</I> found: <I>F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. poae</I> and <I>F. avenaceum</I>. All samples were screened for the content of deoxynivalenol (DON). There was no significant difference in the DON content between winter wheat grain from organic crop rotation and conventional crop rotation at high intensity.

scholarly journals Recycling of rural abandoned constructed wetlands: mariculture wastewater treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Xin ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Lili Wei ◽  
Xu Huang ◽  
Chaoxiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Marine Aquaculture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Family ◽  
Dominant Bacteria

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the behavioral shifts of constructed wetland (CW) when the treated water was changed from domestic wastewater to mariculture wastewater. The results showed that the average removal efficiencies of ammonium nitrogen (), total nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 29.54, 46.07 and 57.15% in mariculture wastewater, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in domestic wastewater (71.35, 66.34 and 74.98%, respectively). While there was no significant difference in the removal efficiency of nitrate and phosphate (P &gt; 0.05) between the two systems. Based on the analysis of bacterial community and adsorption properties, the results further indicated that the removal mechanism of between both systems was mainly due to substrate adsorption: the maximum adsorption capacity of on the substrate in mariculture wastewater was 5,432 mg kg−1, whereas that in domestic wastewater was 18,033 mg kg−1. In terms of bacterial communities, the dominant bacteria at the family level were Victivallaceae (18.63%) in domestic wastewater and Porphyromonadaceae (18.37%) in mariculture wastewater, which showed the significant alteration to the bacterial community. In conclusion, this study showed that conventional CW could be used for treating wastewater from land-based marine aquaculture, while the operating conditions needed to be optimized in the process of application.

scholarly journals Continuous Cropping Changes the Composition and Diversity of Bacterial Communities: A Meta-Analysis in Nine Different Fields with Different Plant Cultivation

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1224
Author(s):  
Mohammad Murtaza Alami ◽  
Qiuling Pang ◽  
Zedan Gong ◽  
Tewu Yang ◽  
Daiqun Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fallow Field ◽  
Continuous Cropping System

Chinese goldthread (Coptis chinensis Franch.) represents one of the most important medicinal plants with diverse medicinal applications, but it easily suffers from continuous cropping obstacles in the plantation. In this study, we have selected eight different continuously cropped fields with C. chinensis and fallow field, providing detailed information regarding the diversity and composition of the rhizospheric bacterial communities. We have found a significant difference between fallow field (LH) and other continuously cropped fields in soil pH; the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; and soil enzyme activities. The results indicate that continuous cropping had a significant effect on soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities under different plant cultivations. The relative abundance of bacterial phyla was significantly altered among the fields; for example, proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were observed to be higher in continuous cropping of maize (HY6) and lower in sweet potato continuous cropping (HH). Alpha diversity analysis showed that different plants with different years of continuous cropping could change the diversity of bacterial communities, among which the effect of maize and Polygonum multiflorum continuous cropping were most significant. Principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that continuously cropped C. chinensis (LZ) and cabbage continuously cropped for 2 years (HS) were slightly clustered together and separated from LH and others. The results showed that the similarity of the bacterial community in the same crop rotation was higher, which further indicated that the bacterial community structure was significantly altered by the continuous cropping system and plant species. Our study provides a foundation for future agricultural research to improve microbial activity and increase crops/cash-crops productivity under a continuous cropping system and mitigate continuous cropping obstacles.

scholarly journals Effect of Planting Method and Nitrogen Levels on the Yield and Yield Attributes of Wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 127-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ilias Hossain ◽  
Md Khairul Islam ◽  
Md Abu Sufian ◽  
Cracg A Meisner ◽  
Md Sayeedul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Planting Method ◽  
Different Levels

A field trial was conducted during the winter season of 2001-2002 to find out the effect of planting method and nitrogen levels on wheat. Effects of two planting methods viz. bed planting and conventional planting were studied on three nitrogen levels viz. 50, 100 & 150 kg /ha on wheat (var. Protiva). Planting methods exhibited significant variation in respect of all the characters studied. The maximum grain yield (3.60 t/ha) was obtained from bed planting. Different levels of nitrogen significantly influenced on yield and yield attributing parameters of wheat. The highest grain yield (3.70 t/ha) was recorded from 150 kg N per hectare. The interaction effects of planting methods and nitrogen levels showed the significant difference in respect of spike/m2, spike length and grain yield. Highest grain yield (4.04 t/ha) was obtained at bed planting using 150 kg N per hectare. Though higher rate of N are used but lodging of plant height was not noticed. The correlation analyses showed that the rate of change of grain yield was highly dependent upon the rate of change of yield contributing characters of wheat. Key words: Planting methods, Nitrogen, Wheat, Cropping system. J. bio-sci. 14: 127-130, 2006

scholarly journals Penampilan Agronomi dan Uji Toleransi Naungan Galur Dihaploid Padi Gogo Hasil Kultur Antera

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kartika Kirana Sangga Mara ◽  
Bambang Sapta Purwoko ◽  
Eko Sulistyono , ◽  
Iswari Saraswati Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Agronomic Character

ABSTRACT<br />Shifting of upland rice cultivation to marginal land faces drought stress, while planting under young plantation faces shading stress. There should be lines or varieties with good agronomic character and tolerant to the shading stress. Lines used in this experiment were obtained  from anther culture, i.e., III3-4-6-1, I5-10-1-1, WI-44, GI-7, O18-b-1, IW-67, IG-19, IG-38, IW-56, B13-2-e. Two experiments were conducted, i.e., agronomic performance experiment and shading tolerance experiment with a quick test method at seedling phase. Batutegi and Way Rarem were used as check varieties in the agronomic experiment. In shading tolerance experiment, Kalimutu was used as sensitive check and Jatiluhur was tolerant check varieties. The results of experiment indicated that B13-2-e (4.64 ton ha-1) and WI-44 line (4.05 ton ha-1) dihaploid lines showed high grain yield and comparable to Way Rarem (4.95 ton ha-1). B13-2-e and WI-44 lines were tolerant to shading. Another tolerant lines to shading, i.e., I5-10-1-1, O18-b-1, and IW-56. B13-2-e and WI-44 lines were recommended to advanced verification on multiple cropping system.<br />Keywords: dry land, multiple cropping

Lowland Rice Yield as Affected by Straw Incorporation and Inorganic Fertilizer Over Cropping Seasons in Fluvisol

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-141
Author(s):  
Brahima Koné ◽  
Zadi Florent ◽  
Gala bi Trazié Jeremie ◽  
Akassimadou Edja Fulgence ◽  
Konan Kouamé Firmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Straw Incorporation ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Fertilizer Effect

Grain yield stabilization of lowland rice over cropping seasons was explored using different compositions of inorganic fertilizers (NPK, NPKCa, NPKMg, NPKZn, NPKCaMg, NPKCaZn and NPKCaMgZn) and straw incorporation (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 tha-1 ). No fertilizer and no straw amended plot was the control in a split-plot design with three replications laid in a Fluvisol of Guinea savanna in Centre Cote d’Ivoire. Three weeks old nursery rice variety NERICA L19 was transplanted. No significant difference of grain yield was observed between the different treatments excluding the highest yields recorded for treatments NPKMg (5.09 tha-1 ), NPKZn (5.15 tha-1 ) and NPKCaéMg (5.31 tha-1 ) compared with 12 (3.95 tha1 ) and 15 tha-1 (4.14 tha-1 ) as straw rates respectively. Grain yield declining trend was more pronounced for mineral fertilizer treatments showing twice greater depressive effect of cropping cycle compared with the straw especially, for treatments characterized by highest grain yield in the first cropping season and similar grain yields were recorded for both sources of nutrient in the third cropping cycle. Of slowness of nutrients releasing by straw, highest grain yield was expected for this soil amender within a longer period of cultivation whereas, unbalance soil micronutrients should be relevant to studious declining yield under inorganic fertilizer effect. Nevertheless, the straw rate of 12 tha-1 supplying 0.58% of NPK as mineral fertilizer equivalent can be recommended for sustaining lowland rice production in the studied agro-ecosystems unless for three cropping seasons.

Density and morphological characterization of bacteria in integrated and exclusive production systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
A. R. B. Zanco ◽  
A. Ferreira ◽  
G. C. M. Berber ◽  
E. N. Gonzaga ◽  
D. C. C. Sabino
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Exclusive Production ◽  
Colony Forming Units

The different integrated production systems can directly interfere with its bacterial community. The present study aimed to assess density, bacterial diversity and the influence of dry and rainy season in different integrated and an exclusive production system. The fallow and a native forest area was assessed to. Samples were collected in 2012 March and September. The isolation were carried out into Petri dishes containing DYGS medium. The number of colony forming units (CFU) was counted after 48 hours and. The bacterial density ranged between 106 and 107 CFU g-1 soil. The crop system affected the dynamics of the bacterial community only in the rainy season. The rainy season showed greater density of total bacteria when compared to the dry period regardless of the cropping system. The dendrograms with 80 % similarity showed thirteen and fourteen groups in the rainy and dry seasons. Isolates with the capacity to solubilize phosphate in vitro were obtained from all areas in the two seasons, but this feature has been prevalent in bacteria isolated during the rainy season

scholarly journals Influence of Organic and Conventional Farming on Grain Yield and Protein Composition of Chickpea Genotypes

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Michele Andrea De Santis ◽  
Michele Rinaldi ◽  
Valeria Menga ◽  
Pasquale Codianni ◽  
Luigia Giuzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
2S Albumin ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Health Quality ◽  
Water Holding

Chickpea is a key crop in sustainable cropping systems and for its nutritional value. Studies on agronomic and genetic influences on chickpea protein composition are missing. In order to obtain a deep insight into the genetic response of chickpeas to management in relation to agronomic and quality traits, a two-year field trial was carried out with eight chickpea genotypes under an organic and conventional cropping system. Protein composition was assessed by SDS-PAGE in relation to the main fractions (vicilin, convicilin, legumin, lectin, 2s-albumin). Crop response was highly influenced by year and presumably also by management, with a −50% decrease in grain yield under organic farming, mainly due to a reduction in seed number per m2. No effect of crop management was observed on protein content, despite significant differences in terms of protein composition. The ratio between the major globulins, 7s vicilin and 11s legumin, showed a negative relationship with grain yield and was found to be higher under organic farming. Among genotypes, black-seed Nero Senise was characterized by the highest productivity and water-holding capacity, associated with low lectin content. These findings highlight the importance of the choice of chickpea genotypes for cultivation under organic farming in relation to both agronomic performance and technological and health quality.

scholarly journals Assessment of Seasonal Variability in Soil Nutrients and Its Impact on Soil Quality under Different Land Use Systems of Lower Shiwalik Foothills of Himalaya, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1398
Author(s):  
Tavjot Kaur ◽  
Simerpreet Kaur Sehgal ◽  
Satnam Singh ◽  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Salwinder Singh Dhaliwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Significant Difference

The present study was conducted to investigate the seasonal effects of five land use systems (LUSs), i.e., wheat–rice (Triticum aestivum—Oryza sativa) system, sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), orange (Citrus sinensis) orchard, safeda (Eucalyptus globules) forest, and grassland, on soil quality and nutrient status in the lower Satluj basin of the Shiwalik foothills Himalaya, India. Samples were analyzed for assessment of physico-chemical properties at four soil depths, viz., 0–15, 15–30, 30–45, and 45–60 cm. A total of 120 soil samples were collected in both the seasons. Soil texture was found to be sandy loam and slightly alkaline in nature. The relative trend of soil organic carbon (SOC), macro- and micro-nutrient content for the five LUSs was forest > orchard > grassland > wheat–rice > sugarcane, in the pre- and post-monsoon seasons. SOC was highly correlated with macronutrients and micronutrients, whereas SOC was negatively correlated with soil pH (r = −0.818). The surface soil layer (0–15 cm) had a significantly higher content of SOC, and macro- and micro-nutrients compared to the sub-surface soil layers, due to the presence of more organic content in the soil surface layer. Tukey’s multiple comparison test was applied to assess significant difference (p < 0.05) among the five LUSs at four soil depths in both the seasons. Principle component analysis (PCA) identified that SOC and electrical conductivity (EC) were the most contributing soil indicators among the different land use systems, and that the post-monsoon season had better soil quality compared to the pre-monsoon season. These indicators helped in the assessment of soil health and fertility, and to monitor degraded agroecosystems for future soil conservation.

Soil quality and grain yield: A win–win combination in clayey tropical oxisols

Geoderma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 388 ◽  
pp. 114880
Author(s):  
Ieda Carvalho Mendes ◽  
Djalma Martinhão Gomes Sousa ◽  
Ozanival Dario Dantas ◽  
André Alves Castro Lopes ◽  
Fábio Bueno Reis Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Quality
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document