scholarly journals Democratic Institutions Without Democratic Content?-New Regionalism and Democratic Backsliding in Regional Reforms in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörgen Johansson ◽  
Malin Rönnblom ◽  
Andreas Öjehag-Pettersson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Level ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
Regional Institutions ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Reform Processes

The aim of this article is to examine trends of democratic backsliding associated with the long standing reform work on regional institutions and policies in Sweden. To this end, democratic backsliding is conceptualized in a different manner compared to conventional understandings. By doing so, the article highlights a missing aspect in the research on democratic backsliding that concerns how well-intended reforms designed to strengthen democratic institutions can also harbor non-democratic consequences. In Sweden, a new political arena was created when the former county councils were transformed into so-called called regions in 2019. As part of this, the regions have been assigned responsibility for both health care and regional development planning. The overall research problem to be analyzed in this article focuses on the relations between the policy objectives for democracy and regionalist ideas of economic growth that both were central concerns in the reform processes. The results highlight how the governing rationalities in the regional reform processes have changed during the period between 1990 and 2020. The original conception of creating a mini-version of a liberal and representative democracy have turned into a form of democratic backsliding privileging economic goals. The economic rationalities that permeate the political sphere today close the space for articulated different interests and opinions-a dimension that we argue is crucial for any democratic society. We draw two main conclusions: First that the neoliberal aspect of governing is missing in the analysis of democracy at the regional level, resulting in a descriptive discussion of democracy that tend to ignore the effects of the particularly strong emphasis on economic growth. Secondly, that there is a lack of a discussion on democracy that takes the regional level into account, i.e., that the sub-national level should be regarded and thus discussed as a distinctive level of democracy.

scholarly journals Measuring Regional Economic Growth In Jordan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Jameel Aljaloudi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
National Level ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Development Gap ◽  
Regional Factor ◽  
National Growth

This research aims to measure the regional disparities in Jordan’s economic growth during 2010-2017. As an indicator to measure the economic growth in each region is the regional factor (R) adopted, and for estimation the regional factor is the Shift and Share method used. This method is widely used by geographical economist. The annual average of household income, as economic indicator, to estimate the regional factor in this study will be adopted. Data on annual household income were taken from the expenditure and income surveys prepared by the Jordanian General Statistics Department in year 2010 and year 2017. The results of this study indicate that economic growth in Irbid region and Mafraq region was greater than the national growth, while the rest of the regions have had much slower economic growth compared to national growth during the study period. Expect Amman region, the capital of Jordan, showed similar economic growth to national level. The results of the research indicate that the region’s share of income increased for regions that achieved high economic growth and in return this share was reduced to the values that showed low growth and lower than the rate of national economic growth. The least economically developed regions are the regions in the south of the country, despite the development policies in the field of balanced regional development, but because of the lack of infrastructure, they are still unable to reduce the development gap between the regions in Jordan. The study recommended the need for the government to enable the regions to accelerate regional development as well as reduction in the development gap between them by devolving administrative and financial powers from the central level to the regional level. It also recommended the need to support investment, especially in the less developed regions. Keywords: economic growth, regional economics, income distribution, development planning, decentralization.

scholarly journals Membangun Indonesia Dari Daerah Dengan Penguatan Partisipasi Masyarakat

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
I Wayan Sutrisna
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Development Process ◽  
National Level ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

National development has a multidimensional goal, one of which is to realize a democraticIndonesian society, because with a more democratic condition, it allows the public to be more open toparticipate in development in all fields. The development of faster and more complex developmentdemands all components involved in the development process and democracy able to realize what isthe goal of national development.Community participation in the development process in Indonesia in general is currently very low. Thecommunity is still reluctant to engage in a continuous manner in the entire process of developmentplanning, implementation and evaluation carried out by the government. This low participation is aresult of government policies that are still lacking in providing space for every citizen to participate indevelopment. The implementation of the Development Planning Conference (Musrenbang) starting atthe village level up to the national level is considered by some as merely a serimonial process. Nationaldevelopment based on community empowerment will be realized if the government has a strong desireto implement it. The government encourages and provides opportunities for the public to be involved inthis participatory pattern. This pattern makes the community more empowered and participates inenjoying the cake of economic growth resulting from the development process that is carried out.Quality economic growth makes development carried out by the government together with allcomponents of the nation able to improve the welfare of society at large in accordance with what is thegoal of national development itself. National development balanced with active community participation or empowered communities will produce a force capable of realizing national goalsaccording to their goals. Encouraging community participation in developing Indonesia from theregions will be realized if the government has a good desire to implement it. The government mustencourage and provide opportunities for the public to be involved in this participatory pattern. Thispattern makes the community more empowered and participates in enjoying the cake of economicgrowth resulting from the development process that is carried out

scholarly journals Decoupling of carbon emissions from agricultural land utilisation from economic growth in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 510-518
Author(s):  
Min Zhou ◽  
Bixia Hu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Agricultural Economic ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tremendous Challenge

China, as a populous and agricultural country, is confronted with a tremendous challenge involving the balance between agricultural economic growth and carbon emissions from agricultural land utilisation (CEALU). This study calculates the total CEALU in the 31 provinces of mainland China and uses the Tapio model to analyse the decoupling of CEALU from economic growth during the period 2000–2017. The results are shown as follows: (i) The CEALU in China has substantially increased, and there are obvious spatial discrepancies in CEALU from the regional and provincial perspectives. (ii) The decoupling of CEALU from economic growth at the national level shows a progressive improvement. The decoupling trends show significant spatial disparities at the regional level due to different natural and economic conditions. (iii) There is an increase in the numbers of provinces, which have achieved economic growth with the reduction of CEALU. Policymakers should attach more importance to the relationship between CEALU and economic growth, and relevant policies should be adapted to local natural and economic conditions.

scholarly journals Regional Environmental Systems as a Driver of Innovative Economy in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Iuliia Gernego ◽  
Liudmyla Petrenko ◽  
Mykhailo Dyba ◽  
Serhii Onikienko
Keyword(s):  
Network Effects ◽  
National Level ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Environmental Systems ◽  
Productivity And Competitiveness

Nowadays, the concept of innovative development is a generally accepted approach to promoting social and economic development paradigm both at global and national level. However, the rapid changes in external and internal conditions in relation to science and innovation caused the need to integrate innovative priorities with environmental imperatives to support sustainable development of modern society. Thereby, the above-mentioned tendencies are also highly widespread at local (regional) level, because both innovation and environmental practices play an essential role for social development, economic growth, improved productivity and competitiveness, and improved quality of life. Thereby, research problem lays upon the regional environmental systems and their influence at innovative development in Ukraine. The paper aims to provide scientific support on environmental systems development and their connection with innovative development indicators at the regional level. The research methodology is based on official statistical data on Ukrainian economy innovativeness analysis during the last ten years. The environmental component is analyzed at the regional level that allowed us to rank Ukrainian regions in accordance with the level of their environmental responsibility, propose a measure of transformation to their strategies. As the result, the groups of regional environmental strategies were defined in accordance with criteria of their effectiveness and need of transformation. Thus, the research highlights the special status of environmental economy, based on its specific characteristics and influences at innovative development, including network effects, the ability to convert environmental and innovative benefits into significant social effects, hybrid and multiplicative.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI SEKTOR UNGGULANDALAM PEREKONOMIAN SUMATERA UTARA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Winda Hardiyanti Damanik
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Tertiary Sector ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Primary Sector ◽  
Secondary Sector ◽  
North Sumatra

Identification process u Sectors in an area must be carried out to develop economic development planning. This study discusses changes and changes in the economic sector in  North Sumatra Province and the causal relationship between sectors in the economy in North Sumatra Province. Research Objectives To understand and analyze changes and distribution of the North Sumatra sector and analyze the relationships between sectors in the economy in North Sumatra Province. The method used in this study is shift share analysis and estimation with the Granger Causality. By using shift share analysis in aggregate, there is an increase in the level of economic output during 2011 - 2015 and largely due to economic growth at the national level, while affecting the effects of the industrial / sectoral mix (proportionate part) on North Sumatra's economic growth which has a negative impact . estimation results with the Granger Causality note that the sector and tertiary sectors affect the primary sector, the tertiary sector affects the secondary sector and is not related to the causality relationship between the primary sector, the secondary sector and the tertiary sector

THE APPLICATION OF WELLBEING RESEARCH TO REGIONAL LEVEL IN LITHUANIA

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintarė VAZNONIENĖ ◽  
Bernardas VAZNONIS
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Development Context

In this article the significance of wellbeing research in the regional level in Lithuania has been analyzed, the advantages and disadvantages of the objective and subjective wellbeing research have been evaluated. The results of the analysis of wellbeing research reveal that the wellbeing research in the regional level is poorly amplified, the wellbeing research in the social sciences is not marked, the wellbeing is investigated in other fields not in social sciences or according to the aims of the researher and more often causes and outcomes of social economical inequality for regional development are emphasized. Scientific studies show that wellbeing research can have big influence for shaping the future of regions because it concerns local people, their choices and overall wellbeing of a particular region. Findings from foreign countries good practice disclose that wellbeing is currently widely used as a key factor and trend for the development policy evaluation. Accordingly in this article big attention is drawn to wellbeing research possible effect for policymakers. It can be concluded that wellbeing research should become an important discussion object in the regional development context because it reveals the situation about people overall wellbeing and particular life domains. The main aim of this article is to analyse the importance of wellbeing research to regional level in Lithuania. The research problem of this article is the fact that the poor experience of wellbeing research in Lithuania insufficiently reveals the wellbeing expression and use in the regional level. In the research common research methods like analysis and synthesis of the scientific literature, analysis of documents and comparative analysis have been employed.

Victor S. D'Souza. Development Planning and Structural Inequalities: The Response of the Underprivileged. New Delhi: Sage Publications 1990. Pages 206 + Index. Price: Rs 180 (Hardbound).

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
The Social

Deveiopment planning in India, as in other developing countries, has generally been aimed at fostering an industrially-oriented policy as the engine of economic growth. This one-sided economic development, which results in capital formation, creation of urban elites, and underprivileged social classes of a modern society, has led to distortions in the social structure as a whole. On the contrary, as a result of this uneven economic development, which is narrowly measured in terms of economic growth and capital formation, the fruits of development have gone to the people according to their economic power and position in the social structure: those occupying higher positions benefiting much more than those occupying the lower ones. Thus, development planning has tended to increase inequalities and has sharpened divisive tendencies. Victor S. D'Souza, an eminent Indian sociologist, utilizing the Indian census data of 1961, 1971, and 1981, examines the problem of structural inequality with particular reference to the Indian Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes - the two most underprivileged sections of the present Indian society which, according to the census of 1981, comprised 15.75 percent and 7.76 percent of India's population respectively. Theoretically, he takes the concept of development in a broad sense as related to the self-fulfIlment of the individual. The transformation of the unjust social structure, the levelling down of glaring economic and social inequalities, and the concern for the development of the underprivileged are for the author the basic elements of a planned development. This is the theoretical perspective of the first chapter, "Development Planning and Social Transformation".

Relating regional crises and political cohesion from an ASEAN and EU-ASEAN perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
Naila Maier-Knapp
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
International Community ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Common Concern ◽  
The Common ◽  
Regional Grouping

In December 2015, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) celebrated the official establishment of the ASEAN Community. Having emerged in 1967 as a regional grouping of developing countries with minimal shared interests—beyond the common concern of economic growth and national resilience, ASEAN now has established regional structures which have been vital in enhancing development and dialogue on a broad range of issues across the Southeast Asian region. Over the years, the institutional development at the regional level has been accompanied by various efforts to promote regional unity and identity. The more recent years have also displayed that the international community has been supporting these efforts for ASEAN unity and identity by showing greater recognition of ASEAN as an international actor in its own right, for example, through the establishment of numerous country delegations to ASEAN.

Conclusions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Ignazi
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
The Political ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Political Arena ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Democratic System

The Conclusion addresses the parties’ present condition in the European political systems. Indeed, at the dawn of the new century parties have become Leviathan with clay feet: powerful in the political arena thanks to control of state resources, but very weak in terms of legitimacy in the eyes of public opinion. Only by abandoning the citadelle in which they are entrenched, recasting societal linkages, relinquishing all their privileges, and dismissing their self-referential attitude might they recover the confidence of the electorate. Maintaining a state-centred status will only lead to a dead end, and this will also harm the democratic system itself. The collapse of parties’ legitimacy inevitably affects democratic institutions: the mounting populist and plebiscitary wave suggests how pervasive is the crisis and how dramatic the challenge.

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