scholarly journals The Effect of Feeding Hens a Peanut Skin-Containing Diet on Hen Performance, and Shell Egg Quality and Lipid Chemistry

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Ondulla Toomer ◽  
Thien Vu ◽  
Rebecca Wysocky ◽  
Vera Moraes ◽  
Ramon Malheiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Peanut Skin ◽  
Peanut Skins

Peanut skins are a considerable waste product with little current economic value or use. We aimed to determine the dietary effects of peanut skins on layer production performance and egg quality and chemistry of the eggs produced. Two hundred commercial hens were randomly assigned to four treatments (five replicates) and fed ad libitum for 8 weeks: conventional control diet, diet containing 24% high-oleic peanut (HOPN), diet containing 3% peanut skin (PN Skin), and a diet with 2.5% oleic acid (OA). Hens fed the HOPN diet had significantly reduced body weights relative to the control and PN Skin treatments, producing fewer total eggs over the 8-week experimental period. Eggs weights were similar between the control and PN Skin treatments at weeks 2 and 4, while eggs from the PN Skin treatment group were heavier than other treatments at weeks 6 and 8 of the experiment. Eggs produced from the HOPN treatment had reduced saturated fatty acid (FA) content in comparison to the other treatment groups, while similar between PN Skin and control eggs at week 8 of the experiment. This study suggests that PN skins may be a suitable alternative layer feed ingredient.

scholarly journals The Effects of Feeding a Whole-in-Shell Peanut-Containing Diet on Layer Performance and the Quality and Chemistry of Eggs Produced

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1176
Author(s):  
Kari L. Harding ◽  
Thien Vu ◽  
Rebecca Wysocky ◽  
Ramon Malheiros ◽  
Kenneth E. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
High Oleic Peanuts

The abundance of peanut and poultry production within the state of North Carolina and the US Southeast, led us to conduct a layer feeding trial to determine the utilization of whole-in-shell high-oleic peanuts (WPN) and/or unblanched high-oleic peanuts (HOPN) as an alternative feed ingredient for poultry. To meet this objective, we randomly assigned 576 shaver hens to 4 dietary treatments (4 rep/trt). The dietary treatments consisted of a conventional control diet (C1), a diet containing 4% WPN, an 8% HOPN diet, and a control diet containing soy protein isolate (C2). Feed and water were provided for 6 weeks ad libitum. Pen body weights (BW) were recorded at week 0 and week 6 (wk6), and feed weights were recorded bi-weekly. Shell eggs were collected daily and enumerated. Bi-weekly 120 eggs/treatment were collected for quality assessment and egg weight (EW), while 16 eggs/treatment were collected for chemical analysis. There were no significant differences in BW or EW at week 6. Hens fed the C2 produced more total dozen eggs relative to C1 hens over the feeding trial (p < 0.05). Hens fed the C1 diet consumed less total feed relative to the other treatments with the best feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). Most eggs produced from each treatment were USDA grade A, large eggs. There were no differences in egg quality, with the exception of yolk color, with significantly higher yolk color scores in eggs produced from the C1 and C2 treatments relative to the other treatments (p < 0.05). Eggs produced from the HOPN treatment had significantly reduced stearic and linoleic fatty acid levels relative to the other treatments (p < 0.05). Eggs produced from hens fed the WPN diet had significantly greater β-carotene content relative to eggs from the other treatment groups (p < 0.05). In summary, this study suggests that WPN and/or HOPN may be a suitable alternative layer feed ingredient and a dietary means to enrich the eggs produced while not adversely affecting hen performance.

Peanut Skins as a Natural Antimicrobial Feed Additive to Reduce the Transmission of Salmonella in Poultry Meat Produced for Human Consumption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Redhead ◽  
Fur Fatin Inazlina Noor Azman ◽  
Anis Izzaty Nasaruddin ◽  
Thien Vu ◽  
Fernanda Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Peanut Skin ◽  
Peanut Skins

Salmonella is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne zoonoses in humans. Thus, the development of strategies to control bacterial pathogens in poultry is essential. Peanut skins, a considerable waste by-product of the peanut industry is discarded and of little economic value. However, peanut skins contain polyphenolic compounds identified that have antimicrobial properties. Hence, we aim to investigate the use of peanut skins as an antibacterial feed additive in the diets of broilers to prevent the proliferation of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE). One hundred sixty male hatchlings (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to, (1) PS: peanut skin diet without SE inoculation (2) PSSE: peanut skin diet and SE inoculation 3) CON: control diet without SE inoculation (4) CONSE: control diet with SE inoculation. Feed intake and body weights were determined at week 0 and 5. On days 10 and 24 post hatch, 3 birds/pen (24 total) from each treatment group were euthanized and the liver, spleen, small intestine, and ceca were collected. The weights of the liver, spleen and ceca were recorded. Organ invasion was determined by counting SE colonies. Each pen served as an experimental unit and was analyzed using a t-test. Performance data was analyzed in a completely randomized design using a general linear mixed model to evaluate differences. There were no significant differences ( P &gt; 0.05) in weekly average pen body weight, total feed consumption, bird weight gain and feed conversion ratio between the treatment groups. There were no significant differences in SE CFU/g for fecal, litter or feed between treatment groups CONSE and PSSE. However, for both fecal and litter, the PSSE treatment group tended (P ≤0.1) to have a lower Salmonella CFU/g compared to the CONSE treatment group. The results indicate that peanut skins may have potential application as an antimicrobial feed additive to reduce the transmission or proliferation of SE in poultry environments or flocks.

scholarly journals Production performance and egg quality of White Rock laying hens fed diets containing whole linseed

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
H Khatun ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
MA Rashid ◽  
MY Ali ◽  
MSK Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was conducted to know the production performance of laying hen by using different graded level of linseed. At 56 weeks of age, a total of 160 laying hens were raised up to 63 weeks of age. All hens were fed a basal corn soyabean meal diet. The experiment was allowed 4 dietary treatments (T0, no addition of whole linseed in the basal diet; T1,  addition of 5% whole linseed; T2, addition of 10% whole linseed and T3, addition of 15% whole linseed) with 5 replications and per replication contains eight hens. Egg production, feed intake, egg weight of each treatment was recorded. Egg samples were collected and analyzed for egg quality. The results showed that egg production and egg mass (kg) exhibited for all dietary treatment groups were unaffected (P>0.05) by feeding linseed to the laying hens. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was found significant difference within the four dietary group (P<0.05). Egg quality aspects such as yolk weight, egg weight, HU and yolk index were not differed significantly (P>0.05) among treatments.  A trend for lower yolk weight was observed in birds fed 10% linseed, where as the highest yolk weight percentage was recorded in control diet. There was no statistical difference among the different diets for yolk index. The results of the present trial suggested that feeding linseed to the laying hens has no detrimental effects on egg production and egg quality. Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 20(1-2): 48-53, Jan-Dec 2013

scholarly journals Effects of the use of soybean oil and animal fat in the diet of laying hens on production performance and egg quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 995-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Duarte de Oliveira ◽  
Nelson Carneiro Baião ◽  
Silvana de Vasconcelos Cançado ◽  
Benedito Lemos de Oliveira ◽  
Ângela Maria Quintão Lana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Beef Tallow ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Egg Yolks

The effects of different dietary lipids on the fatty acid profiles of eggs produced by 20 and 54 wk old Dekalb laying hens were investigated. Laying hens were subjected to three defined treatments according to the source of lipid added to their diets: soybean oil, beef tallow, and a control diet (without the addition of oil). The experimental design was in a 3x2 factorial arrangement (three treatments and two different ages). The fatty acid composition of the yolks in the eggs produced by the laying hens was analyzed. The eggs produced by laying hens on the soybean oil diet had a large amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) in their yolks (23.55, 2.30% respectively), whereas egg yolks from hens who were given beef tallow had higher percentages of monounsaturated fatty acids (47.53%) compared to soybean oil (47.53%) and the control diet (38.72%). The percentages of trans fats present in the egg yolks in all treatments were considered very low (0.91; 0,11; 0.05%). Young layers are more efficient at depositing n-3 fatty acids (1.40%), specially C22:6 (0.76%) with the best ratio n6:n-3 (13.97) compared to old layers (1.35; 0.72; 14.81% respectively). Based on these results, it was concluded that the amount of fatty acids present in the egg yolks can be modified by the sources of lipids included in the diet and that independent of the sources of lipid in the diet and the age of the chicken, egg yolks have insignificant amounts of trans fatty acids.

Replacement of limestone with calcite prill derived from underground water in diets for molted layer hens

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
J. R. Pluske ◽  
R. D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Lime Treatment ◽  
Weekly Basis ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Control

Two hundred and forty, approximately 100-week-old molted Hyline Grey layer birds were used to compare the efficacy of calcite (CaCO3) prill (derived from an underground water lime treatment process for the removal of hardness; hereafter referred to as 'calcite prill') or limestone ('control') added as supplementary sources of calcium (Ca) to layer diets. One hundred and twenty birds were allocated to each diet. The 120 birds derived from 8 pens, with each pen comprising 5 cages each of 3 birds (15 birds per pen). The 2 diets were formulated to provide equal amounts of nutrients and vitamins and minerals, with the calcite prill and limestone added to each diet at 70�g/kg. Diets were offered on an ad libitum basis for 5 weeks. Measurements of bird performance, egg production, and egg quality were determined on a weekly basis. There were no statistical differences (P > 0.05) between the 2 diets in any of the indices measured over the experimental period. The average hen day percent was 73.2% and 69.5% for calcite-prill-fed birds and control birds, respectively. The lack of differences in egg production, egg weights, and egg quality seen between birds fed calcite prill and those fed limestone suggests that the Ca in calcite prill has a bioavailability at least equal to that for Ca from limestone. In this regard, calcite prill would appear to be a suitable alternative to limestone in diets for layer birds of this age.

scholarly journals Extracts of Peanut Skins as a Source of Bioactive Compounds: Methodology and Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8546
Author(s):  
Lisa L. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Extraction Procedures ◽  
Peanut Skin ◽  
Commercial Value ◽  
Peanut Skins

Peanut skins are a waste product of the peanut processing industry with little commercial value. They are also significant sources of the polyphenolic compounds that are noted for their bioactivity. The extraction procedures for these compounds range from simple single solvent extracts to sophisticated separation schemes to isolate and identify the large range of compounds present. To take advantage of the bioactivities attributed to the polyphenols present, a range of products both edible and nonedible containing peanut skin extracts have been developed. This review presents the range of studies to date that are dedicated to extracting these compounds from peanut skins and their various applications.

scholarly journals The effects of high-oleic peanuts as an alternate feed ingredient on performance, ileal digestibility, apparent metabolizable energy, and histology of the small intestine in laying hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam K Redhead ◽  
Elliot Sanders ◽  
Thien C Vu ◽  
Ramon D Malheiros ◽  
Kenneth E Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Ingredient ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
High Oleic Peanuts

Abstract We aimed to determine the effects of feeding a high-oleic peanut (HOPN) diet to egg-producing laying hens on egg quality, digestibility, and feed conversion. Three isonitrogenous and isocaloric dietary treatments were formulated with 1) Control diet (CON)—a corn-soybean meal conventional diet with 7.8 % added poultry fat, 2) HOPN diet—dietary inclusion of ~20% coarse-ground whole HOPN, and 3) oleic acid (CON-OA) diet—a control diet supplemented with 2.6% oleic fatty acid oil. Ninety-nine 57-wk-old brown Leghorn laying hens were randomly assigned to 33 animals per treatment. Animals were housed individually for 8 wk. Body and feed weights were recorded weekly and feed conversation ratio was calculated. Bi-weekly, shell eggs were analyzed for quality (yolk color, albumen height, and Haugh unit [HU]). Jejunum samples were collected at week 8 for histomorphometric analysis. Analysis of variance was performed on all variables using a general linear mixed model. Laying hens fed the CON-OA diet produced greater number of eggs relative to those fed the HOPN and control diets (P &lt; 0.05). The roche yolk color value was higher (P &lt; 0.001) in eggs from hens fed the HOPN diet. There were no differences in laying hen performance, eggshell color, eggshell strength, eggshell elasticity and egg albumen height, or egg HU, ileal fat digestibility, or villi surface among treatment groups. However, the apparent metabolizable energy (P &lt; 0.01) and ileal protein digestibility (P = 0.02) were greater in laying hens fed the HOPN diet relative to the CON diet. This study suggests that whole unblanched high-oleic peanuts may be an acceptable alternative feed ingredient for laying hens.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activity of peanut skin extracts from conventional and high-oleic peanuts

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 447-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.H. Hoang ◽  
P. Apoštolová ◽  
J. Dostálová ◽  
F. Pudil ◽  
J. Pokorný
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Synthetic Antioxidants ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Peanut Skin ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Peanut Skins ◽  
High Oleic Peanuts

Peanut skins were isolated from deshelled and dried conventional and high-oleic peanuts. In order to obtain simpler mixtures of phenolics with other components of the respective extract, the samples were extracted with solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol). The amounts of extracts were as follows: methanol > hexane > ethyl acetate, and the contents of phenolic constituents in the extracts: ethyl acetate > methanol > hexane. Ethyl acetate extracts from the skins of both conventional and high-oleic peanuts were about the same. The amount of peanut skin ethyl acetate extract was higher than that of tea leaves, but lower than those of <i>Labiatae</i> plants which were also analysed. Antioxidant activities under the conditions of the Schaal Oven Test in lard and in rapeseed oil were only moderate, lower than in the case of synthetic antioxidants (butylated hydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, ascorbyl palmitate). The reducing power, free DPP• radical scavenging, inactivation of hydroxylic, and superoxide free radicals were medium, comparable to those of synthetic antioxidants; these activities also resembled to those in the extracts of conventional and high-oleic peanut skins.

Effect of whole wheat levels in diet on production performance, egg quality and Nutrient digestibility of laying hens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Saikhlai ◽  
T. Poeikhampha ◽  
C. Bunchasak ◽  
N. Krutthai ◽  
B. Chomtee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Whole Wheat ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Ground Corn

The experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of whole wheat on the production performance, egg quality, and nutrient digestibility when supplemented primarily at the expense of corn in ground corn-soybean meal control diets. The experiments utilized Lohmann Brown Classic laying hens from 45 to 53 wk of age. The results were shown that feeding 5, 10, 15, 20, or25% whole wheat in diet had no effect on the production performance and egg quality, whereas 15, 20, and 25% whole wheat in diet decreased the yolk color (based on the Roche color fan score) when compared with layers fed the control diet.Whole wheat level in diet had no effect on dry matter,organic matter digestibility, and apparent metabolizable energy when compared with laying hens fed the control diet. Therefore, whole wheat can be used at levels of up to 25% in laying hen diets without negatively affecting the production performance, but levels over 15% whole wheat decreased the yolk color.

Effect of dietary probiotic, antibiotic or combination on broiler performance, cecum microbial population and ileal development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elbaz ◽  
Said El-sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance

Objective: To investigate the effect of antibiotics and/or probiotics on broiler performance, some serum metabolites, cecum microflora composition, and ileum histomorphology under the Egyptian conditions. Design: Randomized controlled experimental study. Animals: Two hundred forty 1-day-old Ross (308) chicks were reared till 35 days of age. Procedures: The birds were randomly allocated into four main groups: a control diet without additives (CON); probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) supplemented diet (PRO); antibiotic (Avilamycin) supplemented diet (ANT) and a mix group (AP) that received antibiotic in the diet form 1 to 4 days of age and treated during the rest of the experimental period with probiotics. Results: Chickens fed on probiotic or antibiotic diets had linear improvement in live body weight (LBW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control group, while the best LBW and FCR were in the AP group. An improvement in the nutrient digestibility was observed in the probiotic added groups (PRO and AP). Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents decreased when antimicrobial (probiotic or antibiotic) supplementations were used, while there was an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents, serum total protein, and albumin levels. Among all groups, cecum Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli counts decreased; however, there was an increase in Lactobacillus count compared to the control group. In probiotic supplemented groups (PRO and AP), a significant (P<0.05) improvement in ilea architecture. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Using probiotic after initial treatment with an antibiotic in broiler diets had a positive effect on broiler growth performance, gut health (improved cecum microbial populations and ileum histomorphology), and nutrient digestibility.

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