scholarly journals Energy Potential of Agri Residual Biomass in Southeast Asia with the Focus on Vietnam

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Denisa Beňová ◽  
Kryštof Mareš ◽  
Petr Hutla ◽  
Tatiana Ivanova ◽  
Jan Banout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Residual Biomass

Southeast Asia currently faces a huge increase in energy consumption and serious environmental issues. A widely underutilized and still unexplored potential of these countries lies in residual biomass. In the present research, the production quantities and energy yields of the most abundant agricultural byproducts in Vietnam, i.e., rice straw, rice husks, sugarcane bagasse and sugarcane trash, were calculated. Total crop yield, residues ratio and net calorific values of the wet basis biomass served as input parameters for the calculations. Moreover, the results were found for individual regions and provinces of the country. The findings show that the production of paddy rice straw is an enormous 97 million tons per year with an energy potential of over 380 TWh, as well as another 9 million tons yearly and 35 TWh in the case of rice husks. More than half of rice biomass production is concentrated in the Mekong River Delta region. Harvesting and processing of sugarcane annually generates about 5 million tons of bagasse and over 3.5 million tons of sugarcane trash with the total energy potential of about 27 TWh, which is primarily available in the central regions of Vietnam. The detailed laboratory determination of fuel-energy properties of studied materials, such as gross and net calorific value, volatile matter, ash and moisture content and contents of chemical elements was also carried out. Based on the research results and literature analysis, the possibilities of biofuel production and energy utilization of the above-mentioned residues are discussed.

scholarly journals UJI MUTU BRIKET DARI PENCAMPURAN JERAMI DAN SEKAM PADI DARI LIMBAH PASCA PANEN DI LAHAN GAMBUT

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
Fonny Rianawati ◽  
Zainal Abidin ◽  
Muhammad Naparin
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Combustion Rate ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Innovation And Technology ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Quality Value

This study aims to conduct a study of the quality value of briquettes made from mixing straw and rice husks which include a flame test and combustion rate which is expected to be used to educate people around the forest by providing innovation and technology regarding the use of post-harvest waste. The results showed that the value of the quality of briquettes made from variations in the mixing of straw and rice husks including the flame test of the combustion rate obtained results, for treatment A (100% straw) of 0.68 gr/minute, treatment B (100% husk) of 0 ,57 gr/minute, treatment C (Husk 75% + Straw 25%) was 0.40 gr/minute, treatment D (Husk 25% + Straw 75%) was 0.46 r/minute and treatment E (Husk 50% + Straw 50%) of 0.43 gr/minute. The value of the flame to boiling time for treatment A = 38.62 minutes, treatment B = 31.05, treatment C = 23.22 minutes, treatment D = 36.05 and treatment E = 27.95 minutes. Density values of all treatments, and the water content for treatment B and treatment C can meet SII. While other parameters: ash content, volatile matter, bound carbon and calorific value still cannot meet the standards, so it is recommended to carry out further research with other variations of treatment, in order to obtain briquettes with quality that can meet the standards.

scholarly journals Energy potential of residual maize biomass at different spacings and nitrogen doses

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ambrosio ◽  
Volnei Pauletti ◽  
Gabriel Barth ◽  
Fabrício Pinheiro Povh ◽  
Dimas Agostinho da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Plant Distribution ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Narrow Row

ABSTRACT Agricultural residual biomass is an important source of energy, and its production and quality vary according to the crop management. This study aimed to assess the effects of plant distribution and nitrogen fertilization on the energy production potential of the biomass of maize cultivated under no tillage. The field experiment was installed in southeast Brazil using five nitrogen rates (0, 60, 120, 180, and 240 kg ha-1) and two inter-row spacings (0.4 and 0.8 m). Grain yield, residual biomass productivity, and bioenergy potential in different parts of the plant (grain, stalk+leaf, husk, and cob) were assessed. No change in grain yield was observed using narrow row spacing. Stalk+leaf and husk productivity was higher using 0.8 m than using 0.4 m of inter-row spacing. Nitrogen application resulted in increased grain yield and biomass productivity. Nitrogen influences the bioenergy potential by increasing the biomass and calorific value. Application of the maximum nitrogen fertilization rate is recommended for grain yield considering the use of only the husk and cob can generate 2712 kWh ha-1 of bioenergy.

scholarly journals The effect of adding rice straw charcoal to the processing of bio-pellet from cacao pod husk

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Retno Damayanti ◽  
Sandra Sandra ◽  
Novita Riski Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cocoa Pod Husk

Cacao pod husk and rice straw charcoal are potentially transformed into bio-pellet because of their high calorific value. Cocoa pod husk and rice straw charcoal has a calorific value of 4974.837 cal/g and 3569.837 cal/g, respectively. This research aimed to identify the effect of variations in particle size and in the addition ratio of rice straw charcoal on the calorific value of bio-pellet. Randomized block design factorial were employed in this study with factor of the addition ratio of rice straw charcoal and cacao pod husk (i.e. 0%:100%, 20% : 80%, 40% : 60%) and the particle size (i.e. 20, 40, 60 and 80 mesh). The results showed that rice straw charcoal addition resulted bio-pellet with the calorific value of 4111.93 – 4706.57 cal/g, and fulfill the SNI of bio-pellet (SNI 8021-2014). The treatment with addition of 100% cocoa pod husk and 80 mesh particle size generated the superior quality of bio-pellet. The findings confirmed that addition of rice straw charcoal did not enhance the energy potential (i.e. calorific value) of the bio-pellets, hence it is unfavourable option.

The Energy Potential of Municipal Waste in the Žilina Region

2016 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Michal Holubčík ◽  
Alexander Čaja ◽  
Jozef Jandačka ◽  
Marián Jobb
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Gross Calorific Value ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Municipal Waste Management

Waste production is greater every year with society evolution. The same problem is also in Slovak republic, but Slovakia is significantly behind other developed countries in municipal waste management especially in area of energy utilization and recovery of the municipal waste. This problem will be totally reflected after the ban of the waste dumping in landfills. This work solves the problem of waste management in the Žilina region of Slovakia. Žilina region produces approximately 185000 tons of municipal waste. At present there is the majority of the waste dumped in the landfills. Large part of this waste could be energy utilized. Except municipal waste can be also used other types of the waste for the energy utilization. The paper evaluates energy potential of municipal waste in Žilina region. During the work it was determined the ratio composition of the waste in the Žilina region. There were measured gross calorific value, low calorific value and humidity on the waste samples. Based on these results it was determined energy potential of the municipal waste in the Žilina region. This energy potential could provide part of the heat and electricity for the Žilina region after using appropriate methods of thermal disposal.

Tratamiento de la biomasa lignocelulósica mediante la pirolisis lenta y a baja temperatura para la producción de biocombustibles

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
María del Rosario Baray-Guerrero ◽  
Damián Aarón Porras-Flores ◽  
Hazel Eugenia Hoffmann-Esteves ◽  
Carlos Baudel Manjarrez-Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Pyrolytic Reaction ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Low Temperature Pyrolysis ◽  
Liquid Yield

Transforming residual biomass into valuable energy compounds is important due to the problems of the energy crisis and environmental pollution, the biofuels produced are a valuable substitute for liquid or gaseous fuels for the transport sector becoming a cheap raw material, It reduces the concentrations of polluting gases, disposal problems and greenhouse effect emitted into the atmosphere. The object of study was the processing of residual biomass, to determine the optimal conditions of slow and low temperature pyrolysis to generate the highest volatile matter yield of lignocellulosic biomass; in addition to quantifying the Condensible Volatile Matter and the Non-Condensible Volatile Matter obtained from the pyrolytic reaction. According to D. Chiaramonti, et al., 2007, a higher liquid yield is obtained when the amount of volatiles is higher, the high MV content makes residual biomass a candidate with high potential for biofuel production, demonstrating that the highest yield of volatile matter during the pyrolysis the final temperature must be higher than 350 ° C, using a heating rate of 5 ° C / min, a residence time of 60 minutes and a particle size of 150 mc.

Preliminary study for the suitability of eucalyptus chips and coal for combustion in a fluidized bed reactor

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angenor Geovani Auler ◽  
Matheus Vilares Mem de Sá ◽  
Paulo Eichler ◽  
Jaqueline Lidorio de Mattia ◽  
Guilherme Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Combustible Materials

The combustion with fluidized bed reactors has as main advantages the best energy utilization of combustible materials and a lower generation of pollutants. The fluidization success depends on the characteristics of the particles that compose the bed. This research aimed to perform a preliminary evaluation and characterization of the energy potential and the fluidization curves in fluidized beds formed by binary mixtures of eucalyptus chips + sand and mineral coal + sand. We tested: 1) physical characterization of solid fuels; 2) chemical characterization of combustible materials; 3) thermogravimetric analysis of fuels; 4) determination of the fluidization curves and minimum fluidization velocity for a polydisperse bed. We observed 19.15 MJ kg-1 of lower calorific value for eucalyptus chips and 10.1 MJ kg-1 for coal. The increase in biomass percentage in mixture caused a pressure drop in bed, indicating the formation of preferred paths and a necessity to increase fluid velocity. The fluidization of coal and Eucalyptus chips can be viable in a bubbling fluid bed process, motivating future theoretical and experimental studies involving the application of this methodology in the development of clean and sustainable technologies.

Physical and thermo-chemical characterization of agricultural residues and municipal waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (03) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Jyoti Lahre ◽  
M. K. Mohanty ◽  
D. Behera
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Angle Of Repose ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Coconut Coir

Characteristics of crop residues such as size, angle of repose, colour and density, calorific value, percentage of moisture content and chemical composition affect the production of bio-fuels. These properties also affect drying and handling of biomass and the design of thermal conversion systems. These characteristics can vary noticeably from waste to waste. In this study, four local varieties of rice straw (Nabina, Tamapasara, Swarnaand NuaAchharmati), sugarcane bagasse, coconut coir and vegetable waste were characterized. Study revealed that the sugarcane bagasse has the darker color, higher particle density (384.66 kg.m-3) compared to others tested biomass. Sugarcane bagasse contained highest percentage 82.7% of volatile matter followed by coconut coir, vegetable waste and rice straw. Rice straw variety Nabina has shown the highest calorific value 22.98 MJ/kg compared to Tamapasara, Swarna and NuaAchharmati and can be utilized for biofuel production.

scholarly journals Characterization of Mexican waste biomass relative to energy generation

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 8529-8553
Author(s):  
José Guadalupe Rutiaga-Quiñones ◽  
Luis Fernando Pintor-Ibarra ◽  
Rocio Orihuela-Equihua ◽  
Nicolás González-Ortega ◽  
María Alejandra Ramírez-Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Tropical Woods ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In this work, physical and chemical analyses of 28 sawdust samples (tropical woods, pine woods, and oak woods) derived from the primary process of wood transformation and 4 samples of citrus residues were performed, as an option to make densified biofuels. The study included the determination of initial moisture, particle size distribution, proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, calculation of the calorific value, and ash microanalysis. The initial moisture content of the biomass samples ranged from 6.04 to 75.21%. The biomass granulometry results indicate that the highest proportion corresponds to the 1.0-mm (33.10%) (Fraction retained in mesh 0.5 mm). Other results obtained indicate the following ranges: ash content (0.27 to 6.27%), volatile matter (78.90 to 90.50%), fixed carbon (9.10 to 20.44%), carbon (49.13 to 50.78%), oxygen (42.62 to 44.49%), and hydrogen (5.24 to 6.55%). The calculated calorific value ranged from 17.65 MJ/kg to 20.72 MJ/kg. The chemical elements with the highest concentration in the biomass samples were K and Ca, followed in some cases by Al and P. The biomass with the greatest possibilities for making densified biofuels of better quality is the group of pine woods because they have low mineral content, low nitrogen content, and high calorific value.

scholarly journals Caracterização da biomassa de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar com vistas energéticas

ForScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e00928
Author(s):  
Carlos Guilherme Lopes Grotto ◽  
Adão Marcos Ferreira Costa ◽  
Carla Jovania Gomes Colares ◽  
Douglas Henrique Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Elementary Analysis ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
Calorific Power

A utilização de biomassas residuais de plantas utilizadas na agroindústria tem sido crescente. O bagaço de cana-de-açúcar se destaca nesse cenário, já que a cultura da planta é muito difundida, gerando grandes quantidades desse resíduo. Neste contexto é necessário entender as características dessa biomassa para poder otimizar a geração de energia. Diante do exposto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar e avaliar o potencial energético da biomassa de cana-de-açúcar por meio da análise dos principais parâmetros que influenciam esse processo. Foram realizadas análises de poder calorífico superior, análises químicas imediatas, infravermelho e análise elementar, com o intuito de avaliar o potencial energético desse material. Observou-se bom nível de poder calorífico superior, 4309,50 kcal kg-1, além de teores baixos de cinzas, 0,95%, fatores que podem explicar a grande utilização da biomassa de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar para a geração de energia direta, principalmente na indústria. Palavras-chave: Resíduos. Cana-de-açúcar. Fonte de energia.   Characterization of sugar cane bagasse biomass with energy views Abstract The use of residual biomass from plants used in agribusiness has been increasing. The sugarcane bagasse stands out in this scenario, since the plant's culture is very widespread, generating large amounts of this residue. In this context, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of this biomass in order to optimize the energy generation. With the above, the present study had as objective characterize and evaluate energy potential of sugarcane biomass through the analysis of the main parameters that influence the process. Analyzes of superior calorific power, immediate chemical analyzes, infrared and elementary analysis were carried out, in order to evaluate the energetic potential of this material. A good level of higher calorific value was observed, 4309.50 kcal kg-1, in addition to low ash content, 0.95%, factors that may explain the great use of sugarcane bagasse for direct energy generation, mainly in industry. Keywords: Waste. Sugarcane. Energy source.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Peanut Skin Briquettes and Rice Husk Using the Torefaction Method in a Microwave Oven

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Kuntang Winangun ◽  
Fauzan Masykur ◽  
M. Malyadi ◽  
Rendy Cahyono
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Peanut Skin

Biomass briquettes are an alternative to fossil energy. Biomass briquette material has a large capacity and is easily available in the surrounding environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of water content, value of ash content, value of volatile matter content, value of bound carbon content and calorific value of mixed briquettes of peanut shell and rice husk with three different percentages. First a mixture of 30% peanut shell and 70% rice husk, second a mixture of 50% peanut shell and 50% rice husk, third a mixture of 70% peanut shell and 30% rice husk. From the results of the research data, it can be seen that the lowest water content is in a mixture of 70% peanut shells and 30% rice husks of 14.225. The lowest value of ash content was found in a mixture of 70% peanut shell and 30% rice husk at 13.873%. The lowest value of volatile substances was found in a mixture of 30% peanut shell and 70% rice husk at 36.712%. The highest value of bound carbon content was found in a mixture of 30% peanut shell and 70% rice husk at 27.028% and the highest calorific value was found in a mixture of 70% peanut shell and 30% rice husk at 5834.60 cal / g.

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