scholarly journals The Effect of Hydrolyzed Insect Meals in Sea Trout Fingerling (Salmo trutta m. trutta) Diets on Growth Performance, Microbiota and Biochemical Blood Parameters

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Mikołajczak ◽  
Mateusz Rawski ◽  
Jan Mazurkiewicz ◽  
Bartosz Kierończyk ◽  
Damian Józefiak
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Sea Trout ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Fish Tank

The present study is the first introduction of hydrolyzed superworm meal in sea trout nutrition. It was conducted to evaluate the effects of inclusion in the diet of hydrolyzed insect meals as a partial replacement for fishmeal on growth performance, feed utilization, organosomatic indices, serum biochemical parameters, gut histomorphology, and microbiota composition of sea trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta). The experiment was performed on 225 sea trout fingerlings distributed into three groups (3 tanks/treatment, 25 fish/tank). The control diet was fishmeal-based. In the experimental groups, 10% of hydrolyzed mealworm (TMD) and superworm (ZMD) meals were included. The protein efficiency ratio was lower in the TMD and ZMD. Higher organosomatic indices and liver lipid contents were found in the group fed ZMD. The ZMD increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase, and decreased levels of alkaline phosphatase. The Aeromonas spp. and Enterococcus spp. populations decreased in the ZMD. The concentrations of the Carnobacterium spp. decreased in the ZMD and TMD, as did that of the Lactobacillus group in the TMD. In conclusion, insect meals may be an alternative protein source in sea trout nutrition, as they yield satisfying growth performance and have the capability to modulate biochemical blood parameters and microbiota composition.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation with β-glucan on growth performance and skin-mucus microbiota of sea trout (Salmo trutta)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-165
Author(s):  
Olga Revina ◽  
Jeļena Avsejenko ◽  
Vjačeslavs Revins ◽  
Darius Sargautis ◽  
Dina Cīrule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Skin Mucus ◽  
Sea Trout ◽  
Main Component

AbstractThis study was performed to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with β-glucan on the growth performance and skin-mucus microbiota of sea trout, Salmo trutta L. in Latvia. The investigations were performed during an eight-month period (September 2018 – April 2019). A total of 15,000 sea trout were divided into five groups. The experimental fish were fed formulated diets enriched with 1 g kg−1 β-glucan (D2), 3 g kg−1 β-glucan (D3), 6 g kg−1 biological product BGN-2 (BGN-2) (D4), and 14 g kg−1 BGN-2 (D5). The control diet (D1) was not supplemented. Our results showed that fish fed diets D4 and D5 achieved significantly (P < 0.05) higher growth parameters compared to those fed the other diets. Pseudomonas and Aeromonas were detected as the main component of fish skin and gill microbiota. Beta-glucan did not affect the skin-mucus microbiota of the sea trout. All isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefalexin, and erythromycin and susceptible to gentamicin. The multiple antibiotic resistance index for all isolates was higher than 0.2.

Mealworm meal use in sea trout ( Salmo trutta m. trutta , L.) fingerling diets: effects on growth performance, histomorphology of the gastrointestinal tract and blood parameters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilianna Hoffmann ◽  
Mateusz Rawski ◽  
Silvia Nogales‐Mérida ◽  
Paweł Kołodziejski ◽  
Ewa Pruszyńska‐Oszmałek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Sea Trout

scholarly journals Probiotic level effects on growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters, cecal microbiota, and immune response of broilers

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 1011-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMADREZA POURAKBARI ◽  
ALIREZA SEIDAVI ◽  
LEILA ASADPOUR ◽  
ANDRÉS MARTÍNEZ
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate

Probiotic effects on growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters, cecal microbiota, and immune response of broilers were studied. Two hundred one-day-old male chickens were allocated to one of five treatments (four replicates of 10 birds per treatment): control, and the same control diet supplemented with 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.015% and 0.02% probiotics. Probiotics in feed at 0.01% or higher levels of supplementation improved body weight gain (+12%) and feed conversion rate (-5%) compared with the control. There were no effects on carcass traits, but the relative weights of drumsticks and wings showed increasing and decreasing linear responses, respectively, to probiotic supplementation level. Blood plasma glucose and albumin contents linearly increased (from 167.1 to 200.5 mg dl-1, and from 1.70 to 3.25 g dl-1) with increasing probiotic supplementation. Triglycerides and cholesterol contents were lower in probiotic supplemented treatments (average contents 71.3 and 125.3 mg dl-1 vs. 92.6 and 149.9 mg dl-1 in the control). Probiotics decreased cecal Escherichia coli counts, but had no effects on immunity related organs or immune response. The linear trends, either positive or negative, observed in many of the parameters studied, suggest that more studies are needed to establish the optimal concentration of probiotics in broiler feed.

scholarly journals Growth performance, blood parameters and production cost of broiler chickens fed dietary sweet orange peel meal diets with and without enzyme addition

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
T. A. Sunmola ◽  
C. D. Tuleun ◽  
O. I. A. Oluremi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Orange Peel ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Final Weight

The growth performance, blood parameters and production cost of two hundred and fifty two (252) Abor acre plus broiler chickens fed sweet orange peel meal (SOPM) with and without enzymes were investigated. The experimental diets consist of control (T ), maize was 0 replaced with SOPM at 15, 20 and 25 % without exogenous enzymes to form T , T and T 1 2 3 respectively, and another supplemented with exogenous enzyme to form T , T and T 4 5 6 respectively. The birds were randomly allocated to seven treatment groups replicated three times to have 12 birds per replicate and were fed experimental diet ad-libitum for eight weeks. Result showed that broiler chickens fed control diet (T ) had significantly (P<0.05) 0 higher final weight (FW) of 2.44kg, weight gain (WG) of 42.91, feed intake (FI) of 86.53, better feed conversion ratio (FCR)of 2.01 and protein conversion ratio (PCR)of 0.44 compared to other dietary treatments. Broiler chickens fed T and T had significantly 1 4 (P<0.05) higher final weight of 1.98 and 1.98 kg, weight gain of 34.69 and 34.71 g and feed intake of 78.35 and 81.63 g respectively while significantly (P<0.05) least values of 1.75 and 1.80 kg final weight, 30.73 and 31.49 g weight gain and 69.47 and 71.84 g feed intake respectively were recorded in broiler chickens fed T and T . Haematological indices namely: 2 5 PCV, RBC, WBC and Hb were not significantly different (P>0.05) but MCV, MCH, MCHC, lymphocytes, heterophil, eosinophil and monocytes differed significantly (P<0.05). Serum biochemical indices namely total protein, albumin, globulin and uric acid were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by the experimental diets. Though, there was no detrimental effect of SOPM and enzyme on production cost as profit was made at all replacement levels of SOPM with and without enzyme treatment, but profit per bird (N) and cost to benefit ratio revealed the superiority of the broiler chickens fed control diet (T ). Based on the results obtained, 0 SOPM can replace maize up to 25 % without posing any deleterious effect on the broiler chickens growth performance, blood parameters and production cost. However, the cost to benefit ratio was compromised with the use of SOPM. 

scholarly journals 165 Impact of mycotoxin contamination of feed on growth performance and blood metabolites of growing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 93-93
Author(s):  
Jesus A Acosta ◽  
Gwendolyn M Jones ◽  
John F Patience
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Mycotoxin Contamination ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of deoxynivalenol (DON), derived from contaminated corn, on growth performance and blood metabolites. A total of 32 growing pigs (initial BW 73.1 ± 1.2 kg; L337 × Camborough, PIC, Hendersonville, TN) were randomly allotted in individual pens to 1 of 2 treatments: a non-contaminated control diet (CTL) and a diet containing 1.8 mg DON/kg (CTL+DON). Upon analysis, CTL+DON also contained 1.9 mg zearalenone/kg and 1.0 mg total fumonisins/kg. On d 1, blood samples were obtained at 60, 120 and 240 min following resumed access to feed. Pigs had ad libitum access to feed thereafter and for 28 d in total. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS with initial BW, sex and treatment as fixed effects, and blood parameters the repeated measures. Compared with CTL, pigs fed CTL+DON had decreased final BW (102.9 vs 87.5 kg; P < 0.001), ADG (1.06 vs 0.51 kg; P < 0.001) and ADFI (2.97 vs 1.54 kg; P < 0.001). Mycotoxins did not affect G:F (0.35 vs 0.32; P = 0.234 for CTL and CTL+DON, respectively). Compared to CTL, pigs fed CTL+DON had increased levels of blood cholecystokinin, a hormone involved in satiety and digestion (32.1 vs 43.3 pg/mL; P = 0.048), increased ghrelin, a hormone that stimulates appetite and promotes fat deposition (345 vs 654 pg/mL; P = 0.011), a tendency for decreased blood urea nitrogen (19.6 vs 17.1 mg/dL; P = 0.076), and increased creatine kinase (2,826 vs 4,920 IU/L; P = 0.027). No treatment differences were observed for circulating creatinine, glucose, albumin, or alkaline phosphatase. In conclusion, mycotoxin contamination substantially impaired feed intake and growth. Pigs offered mycotoxin-contaminated feed had altered blood parameters related to appetite regulation and nutrient metabolism. However, it was not possible to determine if these differences were due to the mycotoxin contamination or to reduced feed intake.

Choline and Bile Acids Mixture Improved Growth Performance and Intestinal Immunity via Altering Gut Microbiota and Bacterial Metabolites in the Colon of Weaned Piglets.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueqin Qiu ◽  
Kebiao Li ◽  
Shilong Liu ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Kaiguo Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Bacterial Metabolites ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Abstract Background: Choline or bile acids has many beneficial roles in physiological function. However, little was known about growth performance, intestinal mucosal function and microbiota-host interactions of weaned piglets in response to choline or bile acids supplementation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of choline and bile acids mixtures (ChB) supplementation on growth performance, intestinal mucosal barrier function, gut microbiota and bacterial metabolites of weaned piglets. One hundred and twenty-eight crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) weaned piglets (initial body weight: approximately 8 kg; 21 d of age) were randomly allocated to four different dietary treatments(a control diet (Control) and the other three groups were control diet supplemented with 800 mg/kg choline chloride (choline), 500 mg/kg bile acids (bile acids) or 800 mg/kg choline chloride plus 500 mg/kg bile acids (ChB), respectively) and for 28-d feeding trail. Results: ChB significantly increased average daily gain (ADG) and reduced feed/gain (F/G) ratio, associated with elevation of lipase activity and total bile acids level in ileal digesta compared with control diet. Additionally, ChB altered colonic microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium , and decreasing the relative abundances of unidentified-Clostridiales , Parabacteroides and Unidentified-Ruminococcaceae , when compared with control diet. Meanwhile, ChB increased the butyrate level and decreased the production of bile acid profiles in the colonic digesta. Besides, feeding ChB improved gut immunity, as reflected by increasing the abundance of IL-10 , FXR and mucin2 transcript, while downregulated expression of TLR4 , MyD88 , NF-κBp65 and TNF-α genes in the intestinal mucosa. Quantitative proteomics of jejunal mucosa further showed that ChB regulated the proteins that were related to inflammatory response. Furthermore, the changes in the ADG and genes expression were associated with alteration of gut microbiota composition and their metabolites. Conclusions: Collectively, our findings demonstrated that choline and bile acids mixture may improve the growth performance and intestinal immune response of weaned piglets through alteration of gut microbiota composition and bacterial metabolites, which promoted gut health.

scholarly journals Spray-dried egg in the diet of dogs: implications for recovery nutritional, palatability and haematology

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Talita Andrade ◽  
Daniele Cristina Lima ◽  
Alina Stadnik Komarcheuski ◽  
Ananda Portella Félix ◽  
Simone Gisele de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Albumin Content ◽  
Red Blood Cell Count ◽  
Spray Dried

There is a growing demand for alternative protein sources in dog nutrition due to the high cost of the ingredient. Spray-dried egg (SDE) is a potential protein source in this context. The objective of this study was to evaluate the digestibility, palatability, and blood profile of diets containing different amounts of spray-dried egg (SDE) and the blood parameters of dogs fed these diets. For the study of digestibility and faecal quality (Experiment 1), eight Beagles were distributed in a double Latin square design (4X4), with four treatments (0, 4, 8, and 12% SDE) and four periods, totalling eight repetitions per treatment. In experiment 2, to evaluate palatability, 20 dogs were presented with two diets: 0% SDE vs 4% SDE. To evaluate the haematological factors (Experiment 3), eight dogs were maintained in a single group and were initially fed a control diet (0%SDE) for 10 days, followed by a diet containing 12% SDE for 10 days. In Experiment 1, a linear increase was found in the coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) and in the metabolisable energy (ME) as the level of SDE was increased in the diet. The CTTAD of DM and CP in SDE and the ME obtained by regression analysis were 93.6%, 91.3%, and 5738.9 kcal kg-1, respectively, demonstrating that SDE is a highly digestible protein source for dogs. There were no changes in the stool characteristics of dogs fed SDE. The results of Experiment 2 indicate that the dogs preferred the diet that included 4% SDE. In the haematological study (Experiment 3), increases in albumin, red blood cells, haemoglobin, and total circulating protein were observed, with no change in the other histological variables. The inclusion of SDE improved the digestibility and palatability of the diet and increased the albumin content, red blood cell count, haemoglobin level, and total protein level without changing the faecal characteristics.

scholarly journals Effects of Replacement of Fish Oil by a Mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca and Adansonia digitata Seed Oils on the Growth and Survival of Clarias anguillaris Fries (Linnaeus, 1758)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Mariama Sagne ◽  
Jean Fall ◽  
Abdoulaye Loum ◽  
Pathe Karim Djiba ◽  
Diégane Ndong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Significant Difference

To investigate the effects of replacement of fish oil by a mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca and Adansonia digitata seed oils three isonitrogenous (35.36%) and isoenergetic diets (3.48 MJ / kg) were formulated for one kilogram (1kg). The study was carried out on fries Clarias anguillaris for six weeks.At the beginning of the experiment, 90 Clarias anguillaris of the initial average weight of 0.82 ± 0.055g were randomly divided into three different groups with two replicates containing 15 fish/each. Fish were kept in six plastic tanks (50 x 40 x 30 cm) container (50 L). The results showed that the substitution of fish oil by a mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil and Adansonia digitata seed oil gives growth for all diets. However, the best growths are obtained from all points of view (MWGr, MWGa and SGR) with diet A (mixture of Adansonia seed oil and Balanites seed oil at a ratio of 20 : 20) followed by the diet D (mixture of Adansonia seed oil and Balanites seed oil at 10 : 30) compare to the control diet M containing fish oil. The best FCR was observed with the diet A followed by the diet D compare to the FCR observed with the diet M. The PER was higher in diet A (0.57) followed by diet D with (0.45) that has no significant difference with the control diet M (0.43). The highest value 63% was obtained with the diet D followed by 60% with the diet M and finally the lowest value 53% was obtained with the diet A. In regards to the growth performance, fish fed a 100% vegetable oil diet showed the best growth performance. Therefore, the replacement of fish oil with a mixture of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil and Adansonia digitata seed oil has no negative impact on the growth of Clarias anguillaris fry. It would be interesting first to study the inclusion rate of Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil for a partial replacement of fish oil.

scholarly journals Torula yeast in the diet of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and the impact on growth performance and gut microbiome

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Leeper ◽  
Ricardo Ekmay ◽  
Stephen Knobloch ◽  
Sigurlaug Skírnisdóttir ◽  
Madhushri Varunjikar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Torula Yeast ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAtlantic salmon aquaculture is expanding, and with it, the need to find suitable replacements for conventional protein sources used in formulated feeds. Torula yeast (Cyberlindnera jadinii), has been identified as a promising alternative protein for feed and can be sustainably cultivated on lignocellulosic biomasses. The present study investigated the impact of torula yeast on the growth performance and gut microbiome of freshwater Atlantic salmon. A marine protein base diet and a mixed marine and plant protein base diet were tested, where conventional proteins were replaced with increasing inclusion levels of torula yeast, (0%, 10%, 20%). This study demonstrated that 20% torula yeast can replace fish meal without alteration to growth performance while leading to potential benefits for the gut microbiome by increasing the presence of bacteria positively associated with the host. However, when torula yeast replaced plant meal in a mixed protein diet, results suggested that 10% inclusion of yeast produced the best growth performance results but at the 20% inclusion level of yeast, potentially negative changes were observed in the gut microbial community, such as a decrease in lactic acid bacteria. This study supports the continued investigation of torula yeast for Atlantic salmon as a partial replacement for conventional proteins.

Partial replacement of fishmeal with soybean meal and distillers dried grain solubles (DDGS) as alternative protein sources for milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal, 1775) fingerlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bharathi ◽  
Cheryl Antony ◽  
C. B. T. Rajagopalsamy ◽  
A. Uma ◽  
B. Ahilan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Chanos Chanos ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Significant Difference

A 60 days feeding trial was conducted to investigate partial replacement of fishmeal (FM) with either soybean meal (SBM) or distillers dried grain solubles (DDGS) as alternative protein sources for milkfish, Chanos chanos fingerlings. Nine experimental diets were formulated with either fishmeal or with two alternative protein sources such as SBM or DDGS at three protein levels (35, 40 and 45%). Milkfish fingerlings (270 nos.) with mean length and weight of 5.24±0.03 cm, 1.25±0.05 g were selected for the study and in total there were 9 treatments in triplicates. The experimental diets were: F35 (35% CP - FM diet), F40 (40% CP - FM), F45 (45% CP - FM), FS35 (35% CP - FM + SBM), FS40 (40% CP - FM + SBM), FS45 (45% CP - FM + SBM), FD35 (35% CP - FM + DDGS), FD40 (40% CP - FM + DDGS), FD45 (45% CP - FM + DDGS). Diets incorporated with fishmeal alone served as control diet for this experiment. We observed that, final weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher for fishmeal based diet irrespective of the crude protein level. The same trend was observed for body weight gain for FM based diet. Specific growth rate (SGR) was found to be more than 2% per day for all the experimental diets fed fish and FD45 showed the lowest SGR compared to other treatment groups. Similarly FD45 had poor feed conversion ratio (FCR) when compared to other dietary groups. Survival rate of the fingerlings was found to be significantly higher for all FM diets (80%), FS35 (80%) and FD35 (80%) diet fed groups, whereas FD45 dietary group showed significantly lower survival rate (60%). Higher amylase activity was observed in F40 diet, higher lipase enzyme activity in FS 35 diet, while higher protease activity was recorded in F35 diet and the values showed significant difference (p<0.05) between different treatment groups. Results of the study, clearly indicate that soybean meal (FS35) could be used to partially replace the fishmeal in the diet of milkfish fingerlings.

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