Neuroprotective Effects of Cornus officinalis on Stress-Induced Hippocampal Deficits in Rats and H2O2-Induced Neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells

Oxidative stress plays a vital role in neurodegenerative diseases. Cornus officinalis (CC) has a wide range of pharmacological activities (e.g., antioxidant, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory). The present study was undertaken to elucidate the neuroprotective mechanism of CC and fermented CC (FCC) on stress and H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage in rats and SH-SY5Y cells. A dose of 100 mg/kg CC or FCC was orally administered to rats 1 h prior to immobilization 2 h per day for 14 days. CC, especially FCC administration decreased immobility time in forced swim test (FST), effectively alleviated the oxidative stress, and remarkably decreased corticosterone, β-endorphin and increased serotonin levels, respectively. In cells, CC and FCC significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and significantly increased the genes expression of antioxidant and neuronal markers, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Moreover, the pro-apoptotic factor Bax and anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 (Bax/Bcl-2) ratio was regulated by CC and FCC pretreatment. Both in rats and cells, CC and FCC downregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Taken together, these results demonstrated that CC and particularly FCC ameliorated oxidative stress and may be used on the neuroprotection.

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Astaxanthin, the Natural Antioxidant, Reduces Reserpine Induced Depression in Mice

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407216666200203142722 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 1319-1327

Author(s):

Ferdous Khan ◽

Syed A. Kuddus ◽

Md. H. Shohag ◽

Hasan M. Reza ◽

Murad Hossain

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Forced Swim Test ◽

Tail Suspension Test ◽

Glutathione Depletion ◽

Swim Test ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Immobility Time ◽

Biochemical Level

Background: An imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants determines the level of oxidative stress which is implicated in the etiopathogenesis of various neuropsychiatric disorders including depression. Therefore, treatment with antioxidants could potentially improve the balance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of astaxanthin, a potential antioxidant, to reduce reserpine-induced depression in BALB/c mice (Mus musculus). Methods: On the behavioral level, antidepressant property of astaxanthin (50 mg/kg, orally) on reserpine (2 mg/kg, subcutaneously) induced depressed mice was evaluated by Forced Swim Test (FST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST). In the biochemical level, the ability of astaxanthin to mitigate reserpine-induced oxidative stress was evaluated by the measurement of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) in brain, liver and plasma samples. On the other hand, the efficiency of astaxanthin to replenish glutathione depletion and antioxidant enzyme activity augmentation in the same samples were also investigated. Results: Astaxanthin was able to lower reserpine induced immobility time significantly (p<0.05) in FST and TST. Mice treated with astaxanthin showed significantly (p<0.05) low level of oxidative stress markers such as Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide (NO). Consistently, the level of reduced Glutathione (GSH), and the activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and catalase were augmented due to the oral administration of astaxanthin. Conclusion: This study suggests that astaxanthin reduces reserpine-induced oxidative stress and therefore might be effective in treating oxidative stress associated depression.

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Selected Kefir Water from Malaysia Attenuates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress by Upregulating Endogenous Antioxidant Levels in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10060940 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 940

Author(s):

Muganti Rajah Kumar ◽

Swee Keong Yeap ◽

Han Chung Lee ◽

Nurul Elyani Mohamad ◽

Muhammad Nazirul Mubin Aziz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Neuroblastoma Cells ◽

Annexin V ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Lower Percentage ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Pre Treatment

Kefir, a fermented probiotic drink was tested for its potential anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective effects to attenuate cellular oxidative stress on human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Here, the antioxidant potentials of the six different kefir water samples were analysed by total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assays, whereas the anti-apoptotic activity on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced SH-SY5Y cells was examined using MTT, AO/PI double staining, and PI/Annexin V-FITC assays. The surface and internal morphological features of SH-SY5Y cells were studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicate that Kefir B showed the higher TPC (1.96 ± 0.54 µg GAE/µL), TFC (1.09 ± 0.02 µg CAT eq/µL), FRAP (19.68 ± 0.11 mM FRAP eq/50 µL), and DPPH (0.45 ± 0.06 mg/mL) activities compared to the other kefir samples. The MTT and PI/Annexin V-FITC assays showed that Kefir B pre-treatment at 10 mg/mL for 48 h resulted in greater cytoprotection (97.04%), and a significantly lower percentage of necrotic cells (7.79%), respectively. The Kefir B pre-treatment also resulted in greater protection to cytoplasmic and cytoskeleton inclusion, along with the conservation of the surface morphological features and the overall integrity of SH-SY5Y cells. Our findings indicate that the anti-oxidative, anti-apoptosis, and neuroprotective effects of kefir were mediated via the upregulation of SOD and catalase, as well as the modulation of apoptotic genes (Tp73, Bax, and Bcl-2).

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Ethanol Extract of Maclura tricuspidata Fruit Protects SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage via Inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB Signaling

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22136946 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (13) ◽

pp. 6946

Author(s):

Weishun Tian ◽

Suyoung Heo ◽

Dae-Woon Kim ◽

In-Shik Kim ◽

Dongchoon Ahn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Free Radical ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Cell Damage ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Neuroprotective Effects

Free radical generation and oxidative stress push forward an immense influence on the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Maclura tricuspidata fruit (MT) contains many biologically active substances, including compounds with antioxidant properties. The current study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of MT fruit on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with MT, and cell damage was induced by H2O2. First, the chemical composition and free radical scavenging properties of MT were analyzed. MT attenuated oxidative stress-induced damage in cells based on the assessment of cell viability. The H2O2-induced toxicity caused by ROS production and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release was ameliorated by MT pretreatment. MT also promoted an increase in the expression of genes encoding the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). MT pretreatment was associated with an increase in the expression of neuronal genes downregulated by H2O2. Mechanistically, MT dramatically suppressed H2O2-induced Bcl-2 downregulation, Bax upregulation, apoptotic factor caspase-3 activation, Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (JNK, ERK, and p38), and Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, thereby preventing H2O2-induced neurotoxicity. These results indicate that MT has protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in SH-SY5Y cells and can be used to prevent and protect against neurodegeneration.

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Evaluation of Additive or Synergistic Effect of Piper nigram and Ocimum sanctum Extracts for their Antidepressant Activity

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research ◽

10.47583/ijpsrr.2021.v70i02.020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

Author(s):

K. Mohana Rao ◽

Siva B. ◽

Mahendra U. ◽

Vinay K. ◽

A. Narendra Babu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Locomotor Activity ◽

Forced Swim Test ◽

Antidepressant Activity ◽

Piper Nigrum ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Swim Test ◽

Forced Swim ◽

Immobility Time ◽

Wide Range

Depression is a state of excessive sensitivity to criticism, fear of rejections, lack of self-interest, loss of pleasure. In the traditional systems of medicine, many plants and formulations have been used to treat depression for thousands of years. In recent times, research on the plants increased globally and so many plants provide the evidence to cure diseases. Ocimum sanctum, popularly known as Tulsi is one of the sacred herbs for Hindus in the Indian subcontinent. It has a versatile role in traditional medicine. The fruits of Piper nigrum are used to make black pepper. This hotly pungent spice is one of the earliest known and most widely used spices in the world today. Wide range of animal tests for antidepressant agents are commonly used. The Forced swim test and Tail suspension test in mice were mostly used. Hence in the present study Forced swim test was used as animal model of depression. In present study immobility time in Forced swim test was significantly decreased by a combination of Piper nigrum fruit extract and Ocimum sanctum extract treated groups compared to control group. The combination of extracts (50 mg/kg each) activity was comparable to standard drug Fluoxetine. Treatment with extracts does not modify the locomotor activity of mice, which indicates that they exert antidepressant effects without modifying significantly locomotor activity. Therefore, the present study confirms the combination of alcoholic extract of Piper nigrum (AEPN) fruit and aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum (AEOS) possessing additive/synergistic antidepressant activity.

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Antidepressant-Like Effects of Vaccinium bracteatum in Chronic Restraint Stress Mice: Functional Actions and Mechanism Explorations

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x18500180 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (02) ◽

pp. 357-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Dool-Ri Oh ◽

Yujin Kim ◽

Eun-Jin Choi ◽

Myung-A Jung ◽

Kyo-Nyeo Oh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Locomotor Activity ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Restraint Stress ◽

Forced Swim Test ◽

Akt Signaling ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

Chronic Restraint Stress ◽

Akt Signaling Pathway ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Immobility Time

The fruit of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. (VBF) is commonly known as the oriental blueberry in Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of water VBF extract (VBFW) in a mouse model of chronic restraint stress (CRS) and to identify the underlying mechanisms of its action. The behavioral effects of VBFW were assessed in the forced swim test (FST) and open field test (OFT). The levels of serum corticosterone (CORT), brain monoamines, in addition to the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway were evaluated. VBFW treatment significantly reduced the immobility time and increased swimming time in FST without altering the locomotor activity in unstressed mice. Furthermore, CRS mice treated with VBFW exhibited a significantly decreased immobility time in FST and serum CORT, increased locomotor activity in OFT, and enhanced brain monoamine neurotransmitters. Similarly, VBFW significantly upregulated the ERKs/Akt signaling pathway in the hippocampus and PFC. In addition, VBFW may reverse CORT-induced cell death by enhancing cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein expression through the up-regulation of ERKs/Akt signaling pathways. In addition, VBFW showed the strong antagonistic effect of the 5-HT[Formula: see text] receptor by inhibiting 5-HT-induced intracellular Ca[Formula: see text] and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Our study provides evidence that antidepressant-like effects of VBFW might be mediated by the regulation of monoaminergic systems and glucocorticoids, which is possibly associated with neuroprotective effects and antagonism of 5-HT[Formula: see text] receptor.

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Protective Effects of Aqueous Extract of Mentha suaveolens against Oxidative Stress-Induced Damages in Human Keratinocyte HaCaT Cells

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/5045491 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

HansongI Lee ◽

Miji Yeom ◽

Seoungwoo Shin ◽

Kyungeun Jeon ◽

Deokhoon Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Phase Ii ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Related Factor ◽

Hacat Cells ◽

Human Keratinocyte ◽

Wide Range ◽

Phase Ii Enzyme

Mentha suaveolens is an aromatic herb that has a wide range of biological activities, including antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. Although there are a few reports on the antioxidant property of M. suaveolens, its cytoprotective activity against oxidative stress has not been reported yet. The objective of this study was to determine the protective activity of M. suaveolens aqueous extract (MSAE) against hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. MSAE pretreatment decreased H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and suppressed H2O2-induced intracellular ROS generation. Furthermore, MSAE suppressed expression levels of H2O2-induced apoptotic genes such as cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9, and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Pretreatment with MSAE induced expression of phase II enzyme such as HO-1 through translocation of NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2) upon H2O2 exposure. These results revealed that the cytoprotective effect of MSAE against oxidative stress-induced cell death was associated with activation of Nrf2-mediated phase II enzyme expression.

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The Neuroprotective Effects ofRatanasampilon Oxidative Stress-Mediated Neuronal Damage in Human Neuronal SH-SY5Y Cells

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2015/792342 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aiqin Zhu ◽

Zhou Wu ◽

Jie Meng ◽

Patrick L. McGeer ◽

Yi Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Neuronal Damage ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Tibetan Medicine ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Human Neuroblastoma ◽

Traditional Tibetan Medicine

We previously found thatRatanasampil(RNSP), a traditional Tibetan medicine, improves the cognitive function of mild-to-moderate AD patients living at high altitude, as well as learning and memory in an AD mouse model (Tg2576); however, mechanism underlying the effects of RNSP is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effects and molecular mechanisms of RNSP on oxidative stress-induced neuronal toxicity using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Pretreatment with RNSP significantly ameliorated the hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) induced cytotoxicity of SH-SY5Y cells in a dose-dependent manner (up to 60 μg/mL). Furthermore, RNSP significantly reduced the H2O2-induced upregulation of 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG, the oxidative DNA damage marker) but significantly reversed the expression of repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) from H2O2associated (100 μM) downregulation. Moreover, RNSP significantly attenuated the H2O2-induced phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) in SH-SY5Y cells. These observations strongly suggest that RNSP may protect the oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage that occurs through the properties of various antioxidants and inhibit the activation of MAPKs. We thus provide the principle molecular mechanisms of the effects of RNSP and indicate its role in the prevention and clinical management of AD.

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Anti-aging effects exerted by Tetramethylpyrazine enhances self-renewal and neuronal differentiation of rat bMSCs by suppressing NF-kB signaling

Bioscience Reports ◽

10.1042/bsr20190761 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiaoqing Song ◽

Jin Dai ◽

Huaguang Li ◽

Yuemeng Li ◽

Weixiao Hao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neuronal Differentiation ◽

Neuron Specific Enolase ◽

Neuronal Morphology ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Aging Effects ◽

Neuroprotective Effects ◽

Self Renewal ◽

Neuronal Markers ◽

Wide Range

AbstractIn order to improve the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies for a number of intractable neurological disorders, a more favorable strategy to regulate the outcome of bone marrow MSCs (bMSCs) was examined in the present study. In view of the wide range of neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects, Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), a biologically active alkaloid isolated from the herbal medicine Ligusticum wallichii, was used. It was revealed that treatment with 30–50 mg/l TMP for 4 days significantly increased cell viability, alleviated senescence by suppressing NF-κB signaling, and promoted bMSC proliferation by regulating the cell cycle. In addition, 40–50 mg/l TMP treatment may facilitate the neuronal differentiation of bMSCs, verified in the present study by presentation of neuronal morphology and expression of neuronal markers: microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE). The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that TMP treatment may promote the expression of neurogenin 1 (Ngn1), neuronal differentiation 1 (NeuroD) and mammalian achaete–scute homolog 1 (Mash1). In conclusion, 4 days of 40–50 mg/l TMP treatment may significantly delay bMSC senescence by suppressing NF-κB signaling, and enhancing the self-renewal ability of bMSCs, and their potential for neuronal differentiation.

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Role of nuclear factor κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in exercise-induced antioxidant enzyme adaptation

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h07-098 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 930-935 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Li Li Ji ◽

Maria-Carmen Gomez-Cabrera ◽

Jose Vina

Keyword(s):

Protein Kinase ◽

Nuclear Factor Κb ◽

Mapk Signaling ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Nuclear Factor ◽

Adaptive Responses ◽

Wide Range ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein ◽

Exercise Induced

Activation of nuclear factor (NF) κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in skeletal muscle has been shown to enhance the gene expression of several enzymes that play an important role in maintaining oxidant–antioxidant homeostasis, such as mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). While an acute bout of exercise activates NFκB and MAPK signaling and upregulates MnSOD and iNOS, administration of chemical agents that suppress reactive oxygen species (ROS) production can cause attenuation of exercise-induced MnSOD and iNOS expression. Thus, ROS generation during exercise may have duel effects: the infliction of oxidative stress and damage, and the stimulation of adaptive responses favoring long-term protection. This scenario explains why animals and humans involved in exercise training have demonstrated increased resistance to oxidative damage under a wide range of physiological and pathological stresses.

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Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) Protects against H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress by Preventing Mitochondrial Dysfunction in H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/2179021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dong Kwon Yang

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Ros Production ◽

Hepatic Diseases ◽

Mitochondrial Functions ◽

Wide Range ◽

H9c2 Cardiomyoblasts ◽

Cabbage Extract

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of cardiac diseases, including ischemia/reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Growing evidence indicates that cabbage has various pharmacological properties against a wide range of diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, hepatic diseases, and cancer. However, little is known about its effects on oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes or the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, the present study examined the effects of cabbage extract on oxidative stress in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, apoptosis, mitochondrial functions, and expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) proteins were analyzed to elucidate the antioxidant effects of this extract. Cabbage extract protected against H2O2-induced cell death and did not elicit any cytotoxic effects. In addition, cabbage extract suppressed ROS production and increased expression of antioxidant proteins (SOD-1, catalase, and GPx). Cabbage extract also inhibited apoptotic responses and activation of MAPK proteins (ERK1/2, JNK, and p-38) in oxidative stress-exposed H9c2 cells. Notably, cabbage extract preserved mitochondrial functions upon oxidative stress. These findings reveal that cabbage extract protects against oxidative stress and suggest that it can be used as an alternative therapeutic strategy to prevent the oxidative stress in the heart.

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