State of the Art of Anthocyanins: Antioxidant Activity, Sources, Bioavailability, and Therapeutic Effect in Human Health

The antioxidant activity of anthocyanins in food is well known. Numerous antioxidant assays have been proposed to measure the capacity of anthocyanins to prevent the oxidation process that naturally occurs. Different solvents, temperatures, and pH levels are applied in each assay, and these factors should be taken into account in order to obtain useful and reproducible results. The concentration and the structure of these compounds are directly related to their antioxidant capacity and their environment. However, the effectiveness of the anthocyanin ingestion against diseases is also influenced by its bioavailability. Novel methodologies that simulate the digestion process have been developed in order to facilitate the current knowledge of anthocyanins bioavailability. Studies highlight the potential synergy effect between parent compounds and their derivatives (metabolites, conjugated products, and microbe-generated metabolites). The aim of this review is to provide an overview of advantages and disadvantages of the most common methods to determine the antioxidant activity of anthocyanins, chemical structure, and concentration of these compounds in different edible fruits, vegetables, and plants; their bioavailability after intake; as well as the main therapeutic effect described in the scientific literature.

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Animal models of necrotizing enterocolitis: review of the literature and state of the art

Innovative Surgical Sciences ◽

10.1515/iss-2017-0050 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 87-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Adrienne Sulistyo ◽

Abidur Rahman ◽

George Biouss ◽

Lina Antounians ◽

Augusto Zani

Keyword(s):

Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Neonatal Rats ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Novel Therapeutic Strategies

AbstractNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains the leading cause of gastrointestinal surgical emergency in preterm neonates. Over the last five decades, a variety of experimental models have been developed to study the pathophysiology of this disease and to test the effectiveness of novel therapeutic strategies. Experimental NEC is mainly modeled in neonatal rats, mice and piglets. In this review, we focus on these experimental models and discuss the major advantages and disadvantages of each. We also briefly discuss other models that are not as widely used but have contributed to our current knowledge of NEC.

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A survey of data mining and knowledge discovery process models and methodologies

The Knowledge Engineering Review ◽

10.1017/s0269888910000032 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 137-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

Gonzalo Mariscal ◽

Óscar Marbán ◽

Covadonga Fernández

Keyword(s):

Data Mining ◽

Knowledge Discovery ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Process Models ◽

Knowledge Discovery In Databases ◽

Discovery Process ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Discovery Process Models ◽

Discovery Project

AbstractUp to now, many data mining and knowledge discovery methodologies and process models have been developed, with varying degrees of success. In this paper, we describe the most used (in industrial and academic projects) and cited (in scientific literature) data mining and knowledge discovery methodologies and process models, providing an overview of its evolution along data mining and knowledge discovery history and setting down the state of the art in this topic. For every approach, we have provided a brief description of the proposed knowledge discovery in databases (KDD) process, discussing about special features, outstanding advantages and disadvantages of every approach. Apart from that, a global comparative of all presented data mining approaches is provided, focusing on the different steps and tasks in which every approach interprets the whole KDD process. As a result of the comparison, we propose a new data mining and knowledge discovery process namedrefined data mining processfor developing any kind of data mining and knowledge discovery project. The refined data mining process is built on specific steps taken from analyzed approaches.

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Platelet monitoring for PCI

Hämostaseologie ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1617137 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 29 (04) ◽

pp. 376-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

D. Capodanno ◽

D. J. Angiolillo

Keyword(s):

Interindividual Variability ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Coronary Intervention ◽

Functional Tests ◽

Treatment Regimens ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Combined Use ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Percutaneous Coronary

SummaryDespite the clinical benefit associated with the combined use of aspirin and clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndrome or those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, a considerable interindividual variability in response to these drugs have been consistently reported. There is a growing interest on applying platelet functional tests with the goal of identifying patients at increased risk of recurrent ischaemic events and potentially tailoring antiplatelet treatment regimens.This manuscript will review the state of the art on the most commonly available platelet functional tests, describing their advantages and disadvantages and exploring their applicability in clinical practice.

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PLANEJAMENTO FAMILIAR COMO ASSUNTO DE MULHER!? PERFIL DE GÊNERO NA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NO BRASIL

Revista Interdisciplinar de Estudos em Saúde ◽

10.33362/ries.v8i1.1511 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 221-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniella De Paula Chiesa ◽

Mário Antônio Sanches ◽

Daiane Priscila Simão-Silva

Keyword(s):

Family Planning ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Health Sciences ◽

Scientific Production ◽

The State ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

The Subject

O estudo do Planejamento familiar, no contexto da bioética, abre-se para diversas perspectivas, entre elas a valorização dos seus diferentes atores. Situado neste contexto o artigo tem como objetivo identificar o perfil de gênero na produção científica sobre Planejamento Familiar no Brasil, entre 2000 e 2014, assim como a área de formação e especialização dos autores. Foram utilizadas metodologias que permitiram mapear o estado da arte do tema estudado, a partir de uma revisão da literatura. O resultado da pesquisa identifica que a produção científica sobre Planejamento Familiar no Brasil se compõe de perfil destacadamente feminino (71,76%). Dos 73 artigos analisados, 42 (57,53%) o foco do tema está direcionado à mulher assim como evidencia-se a área de ciências da saúde com maior concentração das publicações do tema. Este aspecto da pesquisa abre para uma realidade complexa onde se buscam criticamente as razões para a pesquisa em Planejamento Familiar ter ênfase na mulher e ser um tema de relevância nas ciências da saúde.Palavras-chave: Produção científica, Planejamento Familiar, Gênero. ABSTRACT: The study of Family Planning, in the context of bioethics, opens to diverse perspectives, among them the appreciation of their different agents. Situated in this context the article aims to identify the profile of gender in scientific literature on Family Planning in Brazil, between 2000 and 2014, as well as the area of training and specialization of the authors. Methodologies were used which allowed to map the State of the art of the subject studied, from a review of the literature. The results found identify that the scientific production on Family Planning in Brazil is formed with a outstandingly female profile (71,76%). Of the 73 articles examined, 42 (57.53%) the focus of the topic is directed to women as well as showing the health sciences area with highest concentration of publications. This aspect of the research opens to a complex reality where we seek critically the reasons for Research in Family Planning have emphasis on woman and be a topic of relevance in health sciences.Keywords: Scientific Production, Family Planning, Gender.

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Design process for serious activities inspired by play and games: a problem solving with a board game from disengamement and gamification processes (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.25269 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Stéphane Goria ◽

Louise Dupet ◽

Maëva Négroni ◽

Gabriel Sega ◽

Philippe Arnoux ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Detection ◽

Serious Games ◽

Diagnostic Method ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Point Of View ◽

Board Game ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Design Result

BACKGROUND most serious games and other game-based tools are designed as digital games or escape games. They are designed for learning or sometimes in the field of medicine as an aid to care. However, they can also be seen as an aid to research, in our case, to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of imaging techniques for cancer detection. OBJECTIVE we present a case study of action research on the design of a serious board game intended to consider the advantages and weaknesses of a diagnostic method in a different ways. The goal was to better understand the principles of designing a tool using game or play. METHODS we explicitly implemented another process than gamification to develop a structure reminiscent of the game to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of different imaging techniques from the point of view of the respondents (in this case specialists not directly involved in the project). Based on this feedback and the scientific literature on this subject, we detail the main categories of games and games developed for serious use in order to understand their differences. Concerning the cancer research part to which game contributes, our method is based on questions asked to experts and practitioners of this specialty. RESULTS an expert point of view translation tool in the form of a game has been realized to apprehend a research in a different way. CONCLUSIONS we show with the help of a diagram, some possible design paths leading to this type of design result including two hidden dimensions to consider (the awareness of the game or play by the "player" and his role as a contributor or recipient).

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Workplace experience of parents coping with perinatal loss: A scoping review

Work ◽

10.3233/wor-213487 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Sophie Meunier ◽

Francine de Montigny ◽

Sabrina Zeghiche ◽

Dominique Lalande ◽

Chantal Verdon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Relationships ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Qualitative Methodology ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Perinatal Loss ◽

Quantitative Studies ◽

Workplace Experience ◽

Returning To Work ◽

Perinatal Grief

BACKGROUND: Perinatal loss affects many parents in the workforce. Yet, current knowledge about their workplace experience while facing this difficult event is sparse. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to review and synthesize the extent of scientific literature on the specific experiences of workers coping with perinatal loss and the resulting bereavement. METHODS: A scoping review was carried out using eight different databases. A total of 15 references, all using a qualitative methodology, were identified. Most of the references focused on the experience of mothers and on late perinatal loss (from the 20th week of pregnancy). RESULTS: All references highlighted the taboo and the non-recognition of perinatal grief and bereavement in both organizational practices and interpersonal relationships with colleagues and immediate supervisors. They also emphasized the difficulties associated with returning to work after the loss and the significant changes in the meaning attributed to work. CONCLUSIONS: While the studies included in this review clearly indicate that perinatal loss can affect working life, larger, quantitative studies are needed to quantify this phenomenon and its impact on employees and their organizations.

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A Comprehensive Review of the Ethnotraditional Uses and Biological and Pharmacological Potential of the Genus Mimosa

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22147463 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (14) ◽

pp. 7463

Author(s):

Ismat Majeed ◽

Komal Rizwan ◽

Ambreen Ashar ◽

Tahir Rasheed ◽

Ryszard Amarowicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Web Of Science ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Nutritional Values ◽

Biological Potential ◽

The World ◽

The Future ◽

Pharmacological Potential

The Mimosa genus belongs to the Fabaceae family of legumes and consists of about 400 species distributed all over the world. The growth forms of plants belonging to the Mimosa genus range from herbs to trees. Several species of this genus play important roles in folk medicine. In this review, we aimed to present the current knowledge of the ethnogeographical distribution, ethnotraditional uses, nutritional values, pharmaceutical potential, and toxicity of the genus Mimosa to facilitate the exploitation of its therapeutic potential for the treatment of human ailments. The present paper consists of a systematic overview of the scientific literature relating to the genus Mimosa published between 1931 and 2020, which was achieved by consulting various databases (Science Direct, Francis and Taylor, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, SciFinder, Wiley, Springer, Google, The Plant Database). More than 160 research articles were included in this review regarding the Mimosa genus. Mimosa species are nutritionally very important and several species are used as feed for different varieties of chickens. Studies regarding their biological potential have shown that species of the Mimosa genus have promising pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, wound-healing, hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antinociceptive, antiepileptic, neuropharmacological, toxicological, antiallergic, antihyperurisemic, larvicidal, antiparasitic, molluscicidal, antimutagenic, genotoxic, teratogenic, antispasmolytic, antiviral, and antivenom activities. The findings regarding the genus Mimosa suggest that this genus could be the future of the medicinal industry for the treatment of various diseases, although in the future more research should be carried out to explore its ethnopharmacological, toxicological, and nutritional attributes.

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Analytical Methods Used in Determining Antioxidant Activity: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22073380 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 3380

Author(s):

Irina Georgiana Munteanu ◽

Constantin Apetrei

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Hydrogen Atom ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Absorption Capacity ◽

Detection Mechanism ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Complementary Method ◽

Food Engineering ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Major Interest

The study of antioxidants and their implications in various fields, from food engineering to medicine and pharmacy, is of major interest to the scientific community. The present paper is a critical presentation of the most important tests used to determine the antioxidant activity, detection mechanism, applicability, advantages and disadvantages of these methods. Out of the tests based on the transfer of a hydrogen atom, the following were presented: the Oxygen Radical Absorption Capacity (ORAC) test, the Hydroxyl Radical Antioxidant Capacity (HORAC) test, the Total Peroxyl Radical Trapping Antioxidant Parameter (TRAP) test, and the Total Oxyradical Scavenging Capacity (TOSC) test. The tests based on the transfer of one electron include the Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Power (CUPRAC) test, the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) test, the Folin–Ciocalteu test. Mixed tests, including the transfer of both a hydrogen atom and an electron, include the 2,2′-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) test, and the [2,2-di(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1 -picrylhydrazyl] (DPPH) test. All these assays are based on chemical reactions and assessing the kinetics or reaching the equilibrium state relies on spectrophotometry, presupposing the occurrence of characteristic colours or the discolouration of the solutions to be analysed, which are processes monitored by specific wavelength adsorption. These assays were successfully applied in antioxidant analysis or the determination of the antioxidant capacity of complex samples. As a complementary method in such studies, one may use methods based on electrochemical (bio)sensors, requiring stages of calibration and validation. The use of chemical methods together with electrochemical methods may result in clarification of the operating mechanisms and kinetics of the processes involving several antioxidants.

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A Systematic Review of Recommender Systems and Their Applications in Cybersecurity

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21155248 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (15) ◽

pp. 5248

Author(s):

Aleksandra Pawlicka ◽

Marek Pawlicki ◽

Rafał Kozik ◽

Ryszard S. Choraś

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Recommender Systems ◽

Recommender System ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

Security Concerns ◽

Valuable Role

This paper discusses the valuable role recommender systems may play in cybersecurity. First, a comprehensive presentation of recommender system types is presented, as well as their advantages and disadvantages, possible applications and security concerns. Then, the paper collects and presents the state of the art concerning the use of recommender systems in cybersecurity; both the existing solutions and future ideas are presented. The contribution of this paper is two-fold: to date, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no work collecting the applications of recommenders for cybersecurity. Moreover, this paper attempts to complete a comprehensive survey of recommender types, after noticing that other works usually mention two–three types at once and neglect the others.

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Summer Research Placements – State-of-the-Art Science by pre-University Students

MRS Advances ◽

10.1557/adv.2016.128 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (56) ◽

pp. 3715-3720 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. A. Sporea ◽

S. Lygo-Baker

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Group Learning ◽

Student Interaction ◽

Research Tool ◽

Skills Acquisition ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Effective Training ◽

Training And Research ◽

Student Training

ABSTRACTSummer research placements are an effective training and research tool. Over three years, our group has hosted nine pre-university students over periods of four to six weeks. Apart from student training and skills acquisition, the placements have produced several peer-reviewed technical publications. Our approach relies on careful pre-planning of activities, frequent student interaction, coupled with independent and group learning. We explore the advantages and disadvantages of this manner of running summer placements.

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