scholarly journals Detection of Antioxidant Phytochemicals Isolated from Camellia japonica Seeds Using HPLC and EPR Imaging

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalermpong Saenjum ◽  
Thanawat Pattananandecha ◽  
Kouichi Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Paramagnetic Species ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Camellia Japonica ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Lipophilic Antioxidant ◽  
Stable Radicals ◽  
Seed Coats

In this study, we investigated the formation of stable radicals and compounds related to antioxidants in Camellia japonica seeds using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and X-band electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI). The C. japonica seed coat extracts exhibited antioxidant activity in both in vitro and cell-based studies. The extracts inhibited reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species production in cell-based studies. HPLC chromatograms indicated that hydrophilic antioxidant compounds—namely, gallic acid, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, caffeine, catechin, epicatechin, and epicatechin gallate—were found in the methanolic extract. Lipophilic antioxidant compounds—including α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, α-tocotrienol, γ-tocotrienol, and δ-tocotrienol—were found in the hexane extract. EPRI primarily detected paramagnetic species in seed coats. These radical species were stable organic radicals based on the peak-to-peak line width and g-values. The signals from these stable radicals were strong and stable with a g-value of 2.002. Noninvasive EPRI of the radicals present in C. japonica seeds indicated that the stable radicals were essentially located in the seed coats. The EPRI of the cotyledon demonstrated that additional radicals were localized at an apex of the cotyledon. The results indicated that the stable radicals detected by EPRI and the hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidant compounds analyzed by HPLC were related to antioxidant reactants and products.

scholarly journals Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Phytochemicals and Related Stable Paramagnetic Species in Different Parts of Dragon Fruit

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3565
Author(s):  
Chalermpong Saenjum ◽  
Thanawat Pattananandecha ◽  
Kouichi Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
Paramagnetic Species ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic

In this study, we investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytochemicals and paramagnetic species in dragon fruit using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). HPLC analysis demonstrated that dragon fruit is enriched with bioactive phytochemicals, with significant variations between each part of the fruit. Anthocyanins namely, cyanidin 3-glucoside, delphinidin 3-glucoside, and pelargonidin 3-glucoside were detected in the dragon fruit peel and fresh red pulp. Epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin, caffeine, and gallic acid were found in the dragon fruit seed. Additionally, 25–100 mg × L−1 of dragon fruit pulp and peel extracts containing enrichment of cyanidin 3-glucoside were found to inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in cell-based studies without exerted cytotoxicity. EPR primarily detected two paramagnetic species in the red samples. These two different radical species were assigned as stable radicals and Mn2+ (paramagnetic species) based on the g-values and hyperfine components. In addition, the broad EPR line width of the white peel can be correlated to a unique moiety in dragon fruit. Our EPR and HPLC results provide new insight regarding the phytochemicals and related stable intermediates found in various parts of dragon fruit. Thus, we suggest here that there is the potential to use dragon fruit peel, which contains anthocyanins, as a natural active pharmaceutical ingredient.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Mango Peel Liqueurs (Mangifera indica L.) Produced by Different Methods of Maceration

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Monteiro Coelho ◽  
Marcelo Eduardo Alves Olinda de Souza ◽  
Luiz Claudio Corrêa ◽  
Arão Cardoso Viana ◽  
Luciana Cavalcanti de Azevêdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Epicatechin Gallate ◽  
Bioactive Content ◽  
Mango Peels

The present work had the objective of producing liqueurs from mango peels (varieties “Haden” and “Tommy Atkins”) by processes of alcoholic maceration and maceration with pectinase, as well as to evaluate bioactive compounds by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and fluorescence-detection (RP-HPLC/DAD/FD) and in vitro antioxidant activity (AOX), for by-product potential reuse. Alcoholic maceration in wine ethanol (65% v/v) produced liqueurs with higher phytochemical and AOX content. Maceration with pectinase resulted in liqueurs with higher quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside content. In relation to mango varieties, Haden liqueurs presented higher bioactive content than Tommy Atkins liqueurs. The liqueurs presented high antioxidant activity. The main bioactive compounds found were flavanols (epicatechin-gallate, epigallocatechin-gallate), flavonols (quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside and rutin), and phenolic acids (gallic acid, o-coumaric acid, and syringic acid). The present study showed that the production of liqueur enabled the recovering of an important part of the bioactive content of mango peels, suggesting an alternative for the recovery of antioxidant substances from this by-product.

scholarly journals Colon Bioaccessibility under In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion of Different Coffee Brews Chemically Profiled through UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Luigi Castaldo ◽  
Luana Izzo ◽  
Alfonso Narváez ◽  
Yelko Rodríguez-Carrasco ◽  
Michela Grosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Coffee Brews

Coffee represents one of the most traditionally consumed beverages worldwide, containing a broad range of human health–related compounds. According to previous studies, regular coffee consumption may display protective effects against colorectal cancer and other chronic diseases. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the bioaccessibility of phenolic content and variation in antioxidant capacity of three different types of coffee brews after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. This would allow to elucidate how antioxidant compounds present in coffee may exert their effect on the human body, especially in the colonic stage. Moreover, the content of bioactive compounds namely chlorogenic acids (CGAs, n = 11) and caffeine was also assessed throughout ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography followed by high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS). The three main isomers of caffeoylquinic acid constituted the highest fraction of CGAs present in the samples, accounting for 66.0% to 70.9% of total CGAs. The bioaccessibility of coffee polyphenols significantly increased in digested samples from 45.9% to 62.9% at the end of the colonic passage, compared to the non-digested samples. These results point to the colonic stage as the major biological site of action of the active antioxidant coffee compounds.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antisenescence Effects of Bergamot Juice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Da Pozzo ◽  
Marinella De Leo ◽  
Immacolata Faraone ◽  
Luigi Milella ◽  
Chiara Cavallini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Natural Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Aging is one of the main risk factor for the onset of cardiovascular diseases; one of the possible explanations could be linked to the age-associated overproduction of free radicals. This increase of oxidative stress can be overcome with a high intake of food antioxidants. In this context, a number of studies have been addressed to assess the antiaging potential of natural antioxidant compounds. Recently, it has been shown that the juice of bergamot (Citrus bergamia Risso et Poiteau), a fruit mostly produced in the Ionian coastal areas of Southern Italy (Calabria), is a valuable source of health-promoting constituents with, among other, antioxidant properties. In order to investigate the potential antiaging effects of this Mediterranean natural antioxidant source, bergamot juices of three different cultivars (“fantastico,” “femminello,” and “castagnaro”) were herein characterized by the mean of high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Then, juices were investigated for the evaluation of total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents, cell-free model antioxidant activities, and in vitro antiaging properties on two different cellular models of induced myocardial senescence. The best performing juice was also assessed in vivo. The phytochemical profiles confirmed that juices were rich in flavonoids, both flavone and flavanone glycosides. In addition, two limonoid glycosides were also identified in all cultivars. Each cultivar showed different phenolic and flavonoid contents. In tube results showed the juice robust antioxidant activities that correlate with their phenolic and flavonoid contents. Moreover, for the first time, the ability of juice to counteract the chemical-induced senescence was here demonstrated in both cellular models. Lastly, the in vivo data obtained from mouse hearts evidenced an increase in transcription of genes involved in antiaging and antioxidant responses. The overall results suggest that bergamot juice exerts antioxidant and antisenescence effects, making it useful for nutraceutical purposes.

scholarly journals Effect of ovarian tissue storage in Morus nigra extract on the morphology and DNA fragmentation of ovine preantral follicles

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Yasmin Pitombeira Cavalcante ◽  
Ricássio De Sousa Barberino ◽  
Bruna Bortoloni Gouveia ◽  
Maria Éllida de Sousa Bezerra ◽  
Vanúzia Gonçalves Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Minimal Essential Medium ◽  
Tissue Storage ◽  
Preantral Follicles ◽  
Ovarian Cortex ◽  
Morus Nigra

This study demonstrated the effect of Morus nigra leaf extract during ovine ovarian tissue transportation on the survival and apoptosis of preantral follicles in vitro. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine the fingerprint chromatogram of the crude ethanolic extract. Four pairs of ovaries from four sheep were collected. The ovarian cortex was fragmented and one fragment was fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde and processed for histological and TUNEL analysis (fresh control). The other fragments were placed in Minimal Essential Medium (MEM – control medium) or M. nigra extract (0.025; 0.05 or 0.1 mg/mL) and stored (simulating transport) at 4ºC for 6, 12 or 24 h. Preserved fragments (6 h) were also destined to histological and TUNEL analysis. HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of antioxidant compounds (rutin, isoquercetin e kaempferitrin) in the extract. There was a decrease (P < 0.05) in the percentage of morphologically normal preantral follicles after preservation in all treatments compared to the fresh control. The percentage of normal preantral follicles after preservation in M. nigra at 0.05 mg/mL for 6 h was higher (P < 0.05) than in MEM or 0.025 mg/mL M. nigra and similar (P > 0.05) to 0.1 mg/mL of the extract. Apoptosis increased (P < 0.05) after conservation for 6 h in all treatments compared to the fresh control. Moreover, TUNEL positive cells decreased (P < 0.05) after preservation in 0.05 or 0.1 mg/mL M. nigra compared to MEM or 0.025 mg/mL M. nigra. In conclusion, 0.05 mg/mL M. nigra extract can be used as a preservation medium for ovine ovarian tissue at 4°C for up to 6 h.

Phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha L.) flowers and fruits grown in Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ouarda Issaadi ◽  
Marta Fibiani ◽  
Valentina Picchi ◽  
Roberto Lo Scalzo ◽  
Khodir Madani
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackgroundTo the best of our knowledge, up to now, there are no reports on the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds of Crataegus oxyacantha flowers and fruits. Such detailed information is essential to advance the existing knowledge and to promote the use of this species growing in Africa.Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to analyze the content of phenolic compounds as well as the antioxidant activities of flowers and fruits of C. oxyacantha from Bejaia (Northeastern Algeria) by different analytical methods, and to determine the relationship between them.MethodsPhenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of Algerian hawthorn flowers and fruits (C. oxyacantha L.) were studied. Total phenolics, flavonoids and flavonols were determined using colorimetric methods. The phenolic profile was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection, and the in vitro antioxidant activity was measured using scavenging assay (FRAP) and Fremy’s salt, using electronic paramagnetic resonance.ResultsDifferent classes of phenolic compounds were identified and quantified. Hawthorn flowers contained higher levels of hydroxycinnamic acids, vitexin derivatives and flavonols compared to fruits, while anthocyanins were present only in fruits. Significant correlations were found between phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The results also showed that although the phenolic content of the two parts was different, their antioxidant capacity was not statistically different.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that hawthorn flowers and fruits of C. oxyacantha may be considered as a natural source of bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Effects of In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion on the Antioxidant Capacity and Anthocyanin Content of Cornelian Cherry Fruit Extract

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luminita David ◽  
Virgil Danciu ◽  
Bianca Moldovan ◽  
Adriana Filip
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Cornelian Cherry

Red fruits are considered a major source of antioxidant compounds in the human diet. They usually contain anthocyanins, phenolic pigments that confer them multiple health-promoting properties. The health benefits of these bioactive phytocompounds are strongly related to their bioavailability, which has been reported to be low. The aim of the present study is to investigate the changes in antioxidant capacity and anthocyanin content of Cornelian cherry fruit extract during gastrointestinal digestion. Thus, the work was designed using a simulated in vitro digestion model. The antioxidant capacity (AA) was tested by the 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazolyne-6-sulphonic acid) radical cation (ABTS) method, while quantification of anthocyanins (TAC) was accomplished by the means of the pH differential method and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that gastric digestion had no significant effect on the TAC of the extract, while the AA slightly increased. After duodenal digestion, only 28.33% of TAC and 56.74% of AA were maintained. Cornelian cherries’ anthocyanins were stable in stomach, so they can be absorbed in order to manifest their antioxidant capacity at the cellular level. The duodenal digestion dramatically decreased the TAC and AA level in the fruit extract.

Co-purification of bone resorbing activity and adenylate cyclase stimulating activity from human tumours associated with the humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chohei Shigeno ◽  
Itsuo Yamamoto ◽  
Shegiharu Dokoh ◽  
Megumu Hino ◽  
Jun Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Protein Factor ◽  
Human Tumours ◽  
Acid Stable ◽  
Bone Resorbing Activity

Abstract. We have partially purified a tumour factor capable of stimulating both bone resorption in vitro and cAMP accumulation in osteoblastic ROS 17/2 cells from three human tumours associated with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy. Purification of tumour factor by sequential acid urea extraction, gel filtration and cation-exchange chromatography, reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography followed by analytical isoelectric focussing provided a basic protein (pI > 9.3) with a molecular weight of approximately 13 000 as a major component of the final preparation which retained both the two bioactivities. Bone resorbing activity and cAMP-increasing activity in purified factor correlated with each other. cAMP-increasing activity of the factor was heat- and acid-stable, but sensitive to alkaline ambient pH. Treatment with trypsin destroyed cAMP-increasing activity of the factor. Synthetic parathyroid hormone (PTH) antagonist, human PTH-(3– 34) completely inhibited the cAMP-increasing activity of the factor. The results suggest that this protein factor, having its effects on both osteoclastic and osteoblastic functions, may be involved in development of enhanced bone resorption in some patients with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy.

ДИНИТРОЗИЛЬНЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ ЖЕЛЕЗА C ТИОЛСОДЕРЖАЩИМИ ЛИГАНДАМИ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНЫ В ЖИВЫХ ОРГАНИЗМАХ В ОСНОВНОМ ИХ БИЯДЕРНОЙ ФОРМОЙ

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1142-1153
Author(s):  
В.Д. Микоян ◽  
◽  
Е.Н. Бургова ◽  
Р.Р. Бородулин ◽  
А.Ф. Ванин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Iron Complexes ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
First Case ◽  
Dinitrosyl Iron ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic ◽  
Dinitrosyl Complexes

The number of mononitrosyl iron complexes with diethyldithiocarbamate, formed in the liver of mice in vivo and in vitro after intraperitoneal injection of binuclear dinitrosyl iron complexes with N-acetyl-L-cysteine or glutathione, S-nitrosoglutathione, sodium nitrite or the vasodilating drug Isoket® was assessed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The number of the said complexes, in contrast to the complexes, formed after nitrite or Isoket administration, the level of which sharply increased after treatment of liver preparations with a strong reducing agent - dithionite, did not change in the presence of dithionite. It was concluded that, in the first case, EPR-detectable mononitrosyl iron complexes with diethyldithiocarbamate in the absence and presence of dithionite appeared as a result of the reaction of NO formed from nitrite with Fe2+-dieth- yldithiocarbamate and Fe3+-diethyldithiocarbamate complexes, respectively. In the second case, mononitrosyl iron complexes with diethyldithiocarbamate appeared as a result of the transition of iron-mononitosyl fragments from ready-made iron-dinitrosyl groups of binuclear dinitrosyl complexes, which is three to four times higher than the content of the mononuclear form of these complexes in the tissue...

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