scholarly journals Experimental Study to Determine the Most Preferred Additive for Improving Asphalt Performance Using Polypropylene, Crumb Rubber, and Tafpack Super in Medium and High-Temperature Range

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Xiaoming ◽  
Ismail Bakheit Eldouma
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Asphalt Modification ◽  
Rotational Viscosity ◽  
Asphalt Performance

The overall objectives of this study were to determine the most appropriate additive for improving the physical properties and the medium- and high-temperature performances (mechanical performance) of asphalt binders. Three different types of modified binders were prepared: crumb rubber modifier (CRM), polypropylene (PP), and tafpack super (TPS), which had concentrations of 2%, 3%, 3.5%, and 4% by weight of asphalt binder, for each modifier. Their physical and rheological properties were evaluated by applying various tests such as ductility, rotational viscosity, toughness, and tenacity, as well as the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test. As a result, the physical properties of the modified bitumen binders were compared, as were the medium- and high-temperature performances (mechanical performance), which had temperatures of 58, 64, 70, 76, 82, and 88 °C, respectively. This was how the most appropriate modifier was determined. The results demonstrated that the asphalt binder properties significantly improved by utilizing CRM followed by PP and TPS modifiers. The increase in the rutting parameter (G*/sin(δ)) after asphalt modification indicated its excellent performance at both medium- and high-temperatures. Lastly, the CRM was determined as the most preferred additive because of its positive effect on the physical properties and enhancement of the medium- and high-temperature performance (mechanical performance).

Evaluation of Carbon Nanotubes Asphalt Modification Using the Superpave Criteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 902 ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Khasawneh ◽  
Khalid Ghuzlan ◽  
Nada Bani Melhem
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Low Temperature Cracking ◽  
Asphalt Modification ◽  
Rotational Viscosity

Rutting, fatigue cracking and low temperature cracking are the most important distresses in asphalt pavements as a result of changes in rheological properties of asphalt binder. Many types of modifiers were used to enhance asphalt behavior at both low and high temperatures. In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNT) were used as one of many nanomaterials that take a large attention in the latest research related to asphalt modification against different types of distresses. Effect of CNT on rheological properties of asphalt binder was investigated by testing unmodified and CNT modified asphalt binders using two of Superpave devices: Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) and Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR). Penetration, softening point, flash point and rotational viscosity (RV) tests were carried out as well. CNT was added in 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% by weight of asphalt binder. It was found that adding CNT in 0.5% and 1% increase stiffness of asphalt and consequently asphalt pavement rutting resistance. On the other hand, this increase in stiffness affected pavement behavior adversely which is not desirable for fatigue and low temperature cracking. However, Superpave specifications were still satisfied and asphalt binder’s relaxation properties were improved upon CNT modification. It was eventually found that 0.5% of CNT is the optimum percentage for the best performance.

scholarly journals Reclaimed Polymers as Asphalt Binder Modifiers for More Sustainable Roads: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luzana Brasileiro ◽  
Fernando Moreno-Navarro ◽  
Raúl Tauste-Martínez ◽  
Jose Matos ◽  
Maria Rubio-Gámez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Mixing Conditions ◽  
Ethyl Vinyl ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Modified Binder

The use of polymer-modified binders in asphalt mixtures has become more widespread due to their reduced thermal susceptibility and improved rutting and fatigue resistance. Nevertheless, their high cost limits their application, thus making the use of reclaimed polymers (RP) an interesting alternative for both reducing price and extending the service life of pavements. This paper; therefore, presents a comparative review of the recycled polymers most commonly studied as bitumen modifiers: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA), and ground tire rubber (GTR), in order to facilitate their selection and extend the use of the bitumen. The differences in terms of melting point, mixing conditions, and maximum quantity of added polymer are analyzed. Moreover, their effect on the mechanical behavior of the asphalt binders and their stability with and without the use of additives is presented. According to the literature revision, the performance of the new binder is more influenced by the kind of polymer that was incorporated and the mixing conditions than by the base bitumen that was chosen, although rheological evaluation is needed to fully understand the modification mechanisms of the modified binder. In general terms, plastomers have a stronger effect in terms of increasing the stiffness of the bitumen in comparison with crumb rubber (elastomers), thus providing an improved rutting resistance. The joint use of polyethylene (plastomer) and crumb rubber (elastomer) can be an interesting option for its recycling potential and mechanical performance, although further study is needed to achieve stable bitumen across the entire range of temperatures; additives, such as maleic anhydride (MA), are commonly employed to improve the stability of the binder and enhance its characteristics, but their use could limit the economic benefits of using recycled materials.

scholarly journals Rheological Properties of Graphene/Polyethylene Composite Modified Asphalt Binder

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3986
Author(s):  
Huan-Yun Zhou ◽  
Huai-Bing Dou ◽  
Xian-Hua Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Asphalt Modification ◽  
Ft Ir

Aiming to improve the comprehensive road performance of asphalt binders, especially the high-temperature performance, a novel asphalt binder was prepared by compounding high-quality and low-cost polyethylene (PE) with graphene (GNPs) using a high-speed shearing machine. The rheological properties and interaction mechanism of PE/GNPs composite modified asphalt were investigated using temperature sweep (TeS), multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR), linear amplitude sweep (LAS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The experimental results demonstrated that GNPs and PE can synergistically improve the high-temperature performance of asphalt binders and enhance the rutting resistance of pavements; the pre-blended PE/GNPs masterbatch has good medium-temperature fatigue and low-temperature cracking resistance. Meanwhile, PE/GNPs dispersed uniformly in the asphalt matrix, and the microstructure and dispersion of premixed PE/GNPs masterbatch facilitated the asphalt modification. No new absorption peaks appeared in the FT-IR spectra of the composite modified asphalt, indicating that asphalt binders were physically modified with GNPs and PE. These findings may cast light on the feasibility of polyethylene/graphene composite for asphalt modification.

scholarly journals Recyclability of Asphalt Mixtures with Crumb Rubber Incorporated by Dry Process: A Laboratory Investigation

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2870
Author(s):  
Israel Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Maria Chiara Cavalli ◽  
Lily Poulikakos ◽  
Moises Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Aging Effect ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Polymer Modification ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Dry Process

Semi-Dense Asphalt (SDA) mixtures are nowadays recommended for the surface layer of low noise roads in urban areas due to their optimal functional characteristics. Moreover, the use of polymer-modified bitumen (PmB) in its design results in high mechanical performance. However, this type of highly modified bitumen implies significant economic and environmental disadvantages. The polymer modification increases the production cost, involves higher mixing temperatures, and makes the recycling process of the asphalt mixtures challenging. As a potential alternative to PmB in SDA mixtures, this experimental work analyses the dry process for the incorporation of crumb rubber (CR) from waste tires. Particularly, the main objective was to study the aging effect and the recyclability of asphalt mixtures prepared in the laboratory with two different types of CR. The volumetric properties and mechanical performance of the mixtures artificially aged and rejuvenated were evaluated. The results obtained show that mixtures with CR have adequate performance, being less susceptible to aging than a conventional polymer-modified mixture. Furthermore, the rheological response of asphalt binder samples recovered from the mixtures at different aging states was analyzed. It was observed that the effect of the rejuvenator depended on the CR type, but this fact did not negatively influence the performance of the recycled mixtures.

The Influence of Crumb Rubber on Modified Bitumen Properties

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidijus Šernas ◽  
Donatas Čygas ◽  
Audrius Vaitkus ◽  
Vytautė Gumauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
High Temperature Properties ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Polymer Modified Bitumen

Rubber derived from grinding of recycled cars and trucks tyres may be successfully used as a bitumen modifier. Number of researches reported sufficient characteristics of rubber modified asphalt binders or modified asphalt mixes in terms of improved permanent deformation and fatigue cracking. The behavior of crumb rubber asphalt binders depends on several factors, such as modification method, rubber content and size, modification temperature, mixing speed and time applied during the digestion process. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of crumb rubber amount and type on modified bitumen low and high temperature properties. This paper presents results of unmodified bitumen, crumb rubber crumb rubber and polymer modified bitumen. Low and high temperature properties have been evaluated using bending beam rheometer and dynamic shear rheometer. Moreover, softening point and viscosity tests have been performed. The study results revealed that crumb rubber modified bitumen performed better than pure bitumen and similarly to polymer modified bitumen.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES USING VARIOUS GRADES ASPHALT BINDER WITH DIFFERENT TYPE OF FIBERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Sady A. Tayh ◽  
Rana A. Yousif ◽  
Qais S. Banyhussan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Interior Structure ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Pavement Construction

For a long time, bitumen has been utilized as the essential material for asphalt pavement construction. The factors of increasing axle loads, increasing traffic movement, critical climate conditions and many forms failures in construction have steered many researchers to seek some methods to enhance the asphalt binder properties. Even though various types of modifiers have been utilized in strengthening asphalt concrete, fibers have attracted the most attention due to their high and desirable characteristics. It is realized that the good distribution of the modifier in asphalt binder can generate a strong network in the interior structure of the blend, causing bitumen mastic to be more coherent. In this study, a laboratory investigation of the rheological and physical properties of various grades of bitumen modified by two types of fibers was conducted. Three grades of asphalt were used in this study (60-70 penetration grade, 80-100 penetration grade and PG-76 grade) with two types of fibers with different percentages- Cellulose oil palm fiber (COPF) (0.15, 0.3, 0.45, 0.6, and 0.75%) by weight of asphalt and carbon fiber (0.75, 1.25, 1.75, 2.25, and 2.75%) by weight of asphalt. The results showed enhancement in physical performance of the modified bitumen in terms of the decrease in penetration values, as well as a rise in the softening point and viscosity values. The fibers’ modified asphalt binders showed improved rheological properties and can raise the grade of asphalt depending on the base asphalt type.

scholarly journals Material Properties and Environmental Benefits of Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixes Including Local Crumb Rubber Obtained from Scrap Tires

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Lim Min Khiong ◽  
Md. Safiuddin ◽  
Mohammad Abdul Mannan ◽  
Resdiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Scrap Tires ◽  
Asphalt Mixes ◽  
Temperature Resistance ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Marshall Stability

This paper presents the results of a laboratory-based experimental investigation on the properties of asphalt binder and hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixes modified by locally available crumb rubber, which was used as a partial replacement of asphalt by weight. In this study, fine crumb rubber with a particle size in the range of 0.3–0.6 mm, obtained from scrap tires, was added to the asphalt binder through the wet process. Crumb rubber contents of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 19% by weight of asphalt were added to the virgin binder in order to prepare the modified asphalt binder samples, while the unmodified asphalt binder was used as the control sample. The crumb rubber modified binder samples were examined for measuring viscosity indirectly using the penetration test, and temperature resistance using the softening point test. Later, both the modified and unmodified asphalt binders were used to produce HMA mixes. Two categories of HMA mix commonly used in Malaysia—namely, AC 14 (dense-graded) and SMA 14 (gap-graded)—were produced using the modified asphalt binders containing 5%, 10%, 15%, and 19% crumb rubber. Two AC 14 and SMA 14 control mixes were also produced, incorporating the unmodified asphalt binder (0% crumb rubber). All of the AC 14 and SMA 14 asphalt mixes were examined in order to determine their volumetric properties, such as bulk density, voids in total mix (VTM), voids in mineral aggregate (VMA), and voids filled with asphalt (VFA). In addition, the Marshall stability, Marshall flow, and stiffness of all of the AC 14 and SMA 14 mixes were determined. Test results indicated that the modified asphalt binders possessed higher viscosity and temperature resistance than the unmodified asphalt binder. The viscosity and temperature resistance of the asphalt binders increased with the increase in their crumb rubber content. The increased crumb rubber content also led to improvements in the volumetric properties (bulk density, VTM, VMA, and VFA) of the AC 14 and SMA 14 mixes. In addition, the performance characteristics of the AC 14 and SMA 14 mixes—such as Marshall stability, Marshall flow, and stiffness—increased with the increase in crumb rubber content. However, the AC 14 mixes performed much better than the SMA 14 mixes. The overall research findings suggest that crumb rubber can be used to produce durable and sustainable HMA mixes, with manifold environmental benefits, for use in flexible pavements carrying the heavy traffic load of highways.

Investigating the influence of carbon nanotube on the performance of asphalt binder

2021 ◽  
pp. 147776062110194
Author(s):  
Peerzada Mosir Shah ◽  
Mohammad Shafi Mir
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Creep And Recovery ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder ◽  
Viscosity Grade ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study aims at investigating the impact of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT’s) on the properties of low viscosity grade asphalt binder. Asphalt binder with viscosity grade-10 is selected as the control binder and later it is modified with different percentages of MWCNT’s (0.5–2.5%). Penetration, softening point, ductility and rotational viscosity test were employed for evaluating the effect of MWCNT’s on basic physical properties of modified asphalt binder. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) is used for evaluating the rheological properties of the base and modified bitumen, for both aged and unaged bitumen. Based on the conventional and basic rheological tests, it was seen that the addition of MWCNT’s improved the high-temperature performance of modified bitumen. Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) test results revealed that the addition of MWCNT’s improved the creep and recovery of modified binders for both stress intensities (0.1 kPa and 3.2 kPa) which confirms that the modified binder is more rut resistant. Moreover, it was observed that there was a significant improvement in the aging resistance of the asphalt binder due to addition of MWCNTs. However low temperature performance of MWCNTs was not encouraging. Also, MWCNTs addition to asphalt binder was found to be stable under high-temperature storage condition. Overall, there is a significant amount of improvement using MWCNTs in the base asphalt binder.

Evaluation of Adhesion Properties of Modified Asphalt Binders with Use of Binder Bond Strength Test

2017 ◽  
Vol 2632 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Huang ◽  
Lu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Rubber Powder ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Moisture damage is a prominent problem of asphalt pavements. The bond strength between asphalt and aggregates is a crucial factor that influences the capability of asphalt to resist moisture-induced damage. In this study, a binder bond strength (BBS) test was conducted to evaluate the effects of various modifiers and additives of different amounts on bond strength between asphalt and aggregates. Furthermore, the influence of styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) on adhesion behavior of asphalt binder was investigated through a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) test. Finally, the results of the BBS test were compared with the findings obtained from a Hamburg wheel-tracking device (HWTD) test, which reflected the moisture sensitivity of mixtures under wet conditions. Results indicated that gilsonite, high-density polyethylene, and polyphosphoric acid improved the bond strength of the base asphalt; SBS had no positive effects on asphalt adhesion properties; and SBS at a low amount reduced the bond strength. Ethylene bis-stearamide wax, crumb rubber, terminal blend (TB) rubber powder, and compound modifier TB rubber powder plus SBS decreased the bond strength. The GPC test results showed that SBS possibly did not actively contribute to the formation of bond strength between asphalt and aggregates. Test data for BBS and HWTD tests under wet conditions confirmed that there was no discernible correlation between these two tests when adhesion properties of modified asphalts were evaluated. However, the results of the BBS test were in accordance with those of the HWTD test when the adhesion of asphalt with different amounts of the same modifier and the mixture resistance to water damage were evaluated.

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