The allergic reaction or type I hypersensitivity is a hypersensitive disorder to the immune system, which occurs by ingress of non-pathogenic agents from the external environment in the body. Antigens, in this case allergens, are substances from the environment that are harmless to most people. In allergies there is an inherent tendency to inherit the genes that make these people susceptible to allergies. Rapid sensitization may occur as a local reaction, which is just unpleasant (seasonal rhinitis or hay fever), severe exhaustion (asthma), or culminating in a fatal systemic disorder (anaphylaxis). Allergens in the body are inserted by inhalation, ingestion or injection, and move to mucous membranes, where they are accepted by T-lymphocytes. TN2 lymphocytes produce IL-4, which stimulate B-lymphocytes to differentiate into plasma cells. These cells excrete IgE, which recognize allergens. Excreted IgE antibodies sensitize mast cells that originate from the bone marrow. When sensitized individuals again expose themselves to an allergen from the external environment, they bind to specific IgE-antibodies to the mast cells (memory cells), whereby various mediators are excreted, causing inflammatory response, mucus secretion, vasoconstriction of blood vessels, and spasm of the airways.
The aim of the study was to investigate the allergenic effect of Daucus carotte on the change in the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, basophils, and immunoglobulins as important components of the immune system. From the pollen of this plant, recombinant allergen is extracted, in the form of injections with a volume of 150μI. In the experiments, as experimental models were used Wistar white rats at the age of 6 to 9 weeks. We injected the allergen into the first, second, third and fourth week in a group of 6 rats in an amount of 5 μl and a second group of 6 rats in an amount of 2.5 μl allergen absorbed in 100 μl AI (OH) 3 (Serva, Heidelburg, Germany, 2 μg / mI) in a total volume of 150μI sterile PbS. The third group of 6 rats was a control group. The results showed that the Dacus carota causes an allergic reaction in Wistar white rats and its intensity depends directly on the volume of the allergen and the individuals that come into contact with it. Once we compared the values of blood parameters, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and basophils, as well as the IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgE IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgE concentrations, we concluded that the higher concentration of Daucus carota causes a higher elevation in blood parameters and concentrations of immunoglobulins, compared to the smaller concentration of the same allergen.
From the studies conducted over a period of one month, it was found that Dacus carota causes an allergic reaction, which is classified in Type I hypersensitivity in white laboratory rats of the Wistar strain.
Signal Transduction Pathways Activated by Innate Immunity in Mast Cells: Translating Sensing of Changes into Specific Responses