scholarly journals Social Media Use and Mental Health: A Global Analysis

Epidemiologia ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-25
Author(s):  
Osman Ulvi ◽  
Ajlina Karamehic-Muratovic ◽  
Mahdi Baghbanzadeh ◽  
Ateka Bashir ◽  
Jacob Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
The Relationship

Research indicates that excessive use of social media can be related to depression and anxiety. This study conducted a systematic review of social media and mental health, focusing on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Based on inclusion criteria from the systematic review, a meta-analysis was conducted to explore and summarize studies from the empirical literature on the relationship between social media and mental health. Using PRISMA guidelines on PubMed and Google Scholar, a literature search from January 2010 to June 2020 was conducted to identify studies addressing the relationship between social media sites and mental health. Of the 39 studies identified, 20 were included in the meta-analysis. Results indicate that while social media can create a sense of community for the user, excessive and increased use of social media, particularly among those who are vulnerable, is correlated with depression and other mental health disorders.

scholarly journals Caffeine and Cognitive Functions in Sports: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 868
Author(s):  
Jorge Lorenzo Calvo ◽  
Xueyin Fei ◽  
Raúl Domínguez ◽  
Helios Pareja-Galeano
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Research Protocols ◽  
The Relationship

Cognitive functions are essential in any form of exercise. Recently, interest has mounted in addressing the relationship between caffeine intake and cognitive performance during sports practice. This review examines this relationship through a structured search of the databases Medline/PubMed and Web of Science for relevant articles published in English from August 1999 to March 2020. The study followed PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were defined according to the PICOS model. The identified records reported on randomized cross-over studies in which caffeine intake (as drinks, capsules, energy bars, or gum) was compared to an identical placebo situation. There were no filters on participants’ training level, gender, or age. For the systematic review, 13 studies examining the impacts of caffeine on objective measures of cognitive performance or self-reported cognitive performance were selected. Five of these studies were also subjected to meta-analysis. After pooling data in the meta-analysis, the significant impacts of caffeine only emerged on attention, accuracy, and speed. The results of the 13 studies, nevertheless, suggest that the intake of a low/moderate dose of caffeine before and/or during exercise can improve self-reported energy, mood, and cognitive functions, such as attention; it may also improve simple reaction time, choice reaction time, memory, or fatigue, however, this may depend on the research protocols.

scholarly journals The relationship between Internet use and self-concept clarity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Elena Petre
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

There are three hypotheses regarding the relationship between Self-Concept Clarity (SCC) and Internet use. It was argued that Internet use: 1) decreases SCC, 2) increases SCC, 3) does not relate with SCC. The present study, in the form of a systematic and meta-analytic synthesis, aimed to explore: a) the extent empirical evidence can support each hypothesis; b) how Internet use-SCC relationship was addressed across studies; c) the intensity of the Internet use –SCC relationship; d) potential moderators. Twenty-one studies (N = 8,910) met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review (i.e., being quantitative, written in English, concerned with Internet use -SCC relationship) and 11 studies (N = 3,298) met the additional criteria for meta-analysis (i.e., being correlational, using self-evaluation instruments, quantifying general Internet use and including the information needed to calculate the meta-analysis specific indicators). Results emphasized that all three hypotheses are plausible, as distinct dimensions of Internet use related differently with SCC. However, the conclusions were limited by the extensive use of cross-sectional design. For general Internet use and SCC relationship the overall effect was -0.350, p < .01. Some moderators were significant: cultural background, Internet operationalization, age homogeneity, participants rewarding. This paper outlines the complexity of SCC – Internet relationship and underlines some of the gaps that should be further addressed. Implications and limits of the study (e.g., publication bias, excluded outcomes in the meta-analysis or possible omission of moderators) are discussed.

Epidemiology of Depression and Anxiety in Gout: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Howren ◽  
Drew Bowie ◽  
Hyon K. Choi ◽  
Sharan K. Rai ◽  
Mary A. De Vera
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Epidemiology Of Depression

Objective.To conduct a systematic review of depression and anxiety among patients with gout that specifically evaluates the prevalence, incidence, determinants, and effects of these mental health comorbidities.Methods.We conducted a literature search in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, and PsycINFO using indexed terms and key words to identify studies reporting on depression/anxiety in patients with gout. This review included full-text articles published in English that reported on patients with gout, evaluated depression/anxiety using a routinely reported measure, and provided estimates or sufficient data on the prevalence, incidence, determinants, or effects of depression/anxiety. Metaanalyses were conducted using random effects models.Results.Twenty of 901 articles identified through the search strategy met our inclusion criteria. All 20 studies evaluated depression, while only 10 assessed anxiety (50%). Metaanalyses suggest a positive association between mental health disorders and gout, as resultant pooled OR were 1.29 (95% CI 1.07–1.56) for depression and 1.29 (95% CI 0.96–1.73) for anxiety. Findings from four studies reporting on the incidence of depression in patients with gout resulted in a pooled HR of 1.17 (95% CI 1.01–1.36). Significant determinants of depression included number of tophi, frequency of flares, and oligo/polyarticular gout.Conclusion.Our systematic review suggests that depression and anxiety are significantly associated with gout, highlighting the need for future research to focus on the onset of mental disorders after gout diagnosis. We also identify potential targets for intervention.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Music and Food Intake: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2571
Author(s):  
Tianxiang Cui ◽  
Jiaxuan Xi ◽  
Chanyuan Tang ◽  
Jianwen Song ◽  
Jinbo He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Small Effect Size ◽  
The Relationship

Food intake has been shown to be related to several environmental factors including the presence of music. However, previous findings of the relationship between music and food intake are inconsistent. In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively review the extent to which music is associated with food intake as well as to investigate potential moderators that might have contributed to the heterogeneity of the existing findings. Literature was searched on four databases (i.e., PsycINFO, Web of Science, PubMed, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses) and Google Scholar. Nine articles published from 1989 to 2020 met our inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis was carried out via a three-level random-effects model. The overall effect size (i.e., Hedges’ g) was 0.19 (95% Confidence Interval: −0.003, 0.386; SE = 0.10, t = 1.99, p = 0.054), indicating a marginally significant but small effect size. Body Mass Index (F(1, 21) = 5.11, p = 0.035) was found to significantly contribute to the heterogeneity of effect sizes, with larger positive effects of music on food intake for individuals with higher BMI. However, music-related features did not significantly moderate the relationship between music and food intake. More experimental studies are needed to update the current meta-analysis and get a better understanding of this topic.

scholarly journals Prevalence of common mental health issues among migrant workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260221
Author(s):  
Siti Idayu Hasan ◽  
Anne Yee ◽  
Ariyani Rinaldi ◽  
Adlina Aisya Azham ◽  
Farizah Mohd Hairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Previous literature has shown that migrant workers manifested higher common mental issues (especially depressive symptom) compared to local workers due to stressors such as financial constraint and lack of access to healthcare. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the current body of evidence for the prevalence of depression and anxiety among migrant workers as well as exploring the risk factors and the availability of social support for migrant workers. Seven electronic databases, grey literature and Google Scholar were searched for studies from 2015 to 2021 related to mental health, social support and migrant workers. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-QARI). Study heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics. Random effects meta-analysis results were presented given heterogeneity among studies. The search returned 27 articles and only seven studies were included in meta-analysis, involving 44 365 migrant workers in 17 different countries. The overall prevalence of depression and anxiety among migrant workers was 38.99% (95% CI = 0.27, 0.51) and 27.31% (95% CI = 0.06, 0.58), respectively. Factors such as age, biological (health issue, family history of psychiatric disorder), individual (poor coping skills), occupational (workplace psychosocial stressors, poor working condition, salary and benefits issue, abuse), environmental (limited access towards healthcare, duration of residence, living condition) and social factor (limited social support) were associated with a mental health outcome in migrant workers. The availability of social support for migrant workers was mainly concentrated in emotional type of support. A high prevalence of depression and anxiety was found among migrant workers across the globe. This finding warrants a collective effort by different parties in providing assistance for migrant workers to promote their mental well-being.

scholarly journals Patients’ Use of Social Media for Diabetes Self-Care: Systematic Review

10.2196/14209 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. e14209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Elnaggar ◽  
Van Ta Park ◽  
Sei J Lee ◽  
Melinda Bender ◽  
Lee Anne Siegmund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Background Patient engagement with diabetes self-care is critical to reducing morbidity and mortality. Social media is one form of digital health that is available for diabetes self-care, although its use for peer-to-peer communication has not been systematically described, and its potential to support patient self-care is unclear. Objective The primary aim of this systematic review was to describe the use of social media among patients (peer-to-peer) to manage diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The secondary aim was to assess patients’ clinical outcomes, behavioral outcomes, quality of life, and self-efficacy resulting from peer-to-peer social media use. Methods We conducted a literature search in the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO (January 2008 through April 2019). The inclusion criteria were quantitative studies that included peer-to-peer use of social media for self-care of diabetes mellitus (with all subtypes) and CVD, including stroke. Results After an initial yield of 3066 citations, we selected 91 articles for a full-text review and identified 7 papers that met our inclusion criteria. Of these, 4 studies focused on type 1 diabetes, 1 study included both type 1 and 2 diabetes, and 2 studies included multiple chronic conditions (eg, CVD, diabetes, depression, etc). Our search did not yield any individual studies on CVD alone. Among the selected papers, 2 studies used commercial platforms (Facebook and I Seek You), 3 studies used discussion forums developed specifically for each study, and 2 surveyed patients through different platforms or blogs. There was significant heterogeneity in the study designs, methodologies, and outcomes applied, but all studies showed favorable results on either primary or secondary outcomes. The quality of studies was highly variable. Conclusions The future landscape of social media use for patient self-care is promising. However, current use is nascent. Our extensive search yielded only 7 studies, all of which included diabetes, indicating the most interest and demand for peer-to-peer interaction on diabetes self-care. Future research is needed to establish efficacy and safety in recommending social media use among peers for diabetes self-care and other conditions.

Interventions to Improve Mental Health, Well-Being, Physical Health, and Lifestyle Behaviors in Physicians and Nurses: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 929-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk ◽  
Stephanie A. Kelly ◽  
Janna Stephens ◽  
Kerry Dhakal ◽  
Colleen McGovern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria

Objective: This systematic review focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with physicians and nurses that tested interventions designed to improve their mental health, well-being, physical health, and lifestyle behaviors. Data Source: A systematic search of electronic databases from 2008 to May 2018 included PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and the Cochrane Library. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: Inclusion criteria included an RCT design, samples of physicians and/or nurses, and publication year 2008 or later with outcomes targeting mental health, well-being/resiliency, healthy lifestyle behaviors, and/or physical health. Exclusion criteria included studies with a focus on burnout without measures of mood, resiliency, mindfulness, or stress; primary focus on an area other than health promotion; and non-English papers. Data Extraction: Quantitative and qualitative data were extracted from each study by 2 independent researchers using a standardized template created in Covidence. Data Synthesis: Although meta-analytic pooling across all studies was desired, a wide array of outcome measures made quantitative pooling unsuitable. Therefore, effect sizes were calculated and a mini meta-analysis was completed. Results: Twenty-nine studies (N = 2708 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Results indicated that mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral therapy-based interventions are effective in reducing stress, anxiety, and depression. Brief interventions that incorporate deep breathing and gratitude may be beneficial. Visual triggers, pedometers, and health coaching with texting increased physical activity. Conclusion: Healthcare systems must promote the health and well-being of physicians and nurses with evidence-based interventions to improve population health and enhance the quality and safety of the care that is delivered.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Burnout, Depression, and Anxiety: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiota Koutsimani ◽  
Anthony Montgomery ◽  
Katerina Georganta
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Effect of Engagement With Digital Interventions on Mental Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Z. Q. Gan ◽  
Lauren McGillivray ◽  
Jin Han ◽  
Helen Christensen ◽  
Michelle Torok
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
The Relationship

Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) present a promising way to address gaps in mental health service provision. However, the relationship between user engagement and outcomes in the context of these interventions has not been established. This study addressed the current state of evidence on the relationship between engagement with DMHIs and mental health outcomes. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EmBASE databases were searched from inception to August 1, 2021. Original or secondary analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included if they examined the relationship between DMHI engagement and post-intervention outcome(s). Thirty-five studies were eligible for inclusion in the narrative review and 25 studies had sufficient data for meta-analysis. Random-effects meta-analyses indicated that greater engagement was significantly associated with post-intervention mental health improvements, regardless of whether this relationship was explored using correlational [r = 0.24, 95% CI (0.17, 0.32), Z = 6.29, p &lt; 0.001] or between-groups designs [Hedges' g = 0.40, 95% CI (0.097, 0.705), p = 0.010]. This association was also consistent regardless of intervention type (unguided/guided), diagnostic status, or mental health condition targeted. This is the first review providing empirical evidence that engagement with DMHIs is associated with therapeutic gains. Implications and future directions are discussed.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier: CRD 42020184706.

scholarly journals Posttraumatic growth and well-being among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis in recognition of 40 years of HIV/AIDS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Pięta ◽  
Marcin Rzeszutek
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Positive Indicators ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize, analyze, and critically review existing studies on the relationship between posttraumatic growth (PTG) and psychological well-being (operationalized either via positive or negative well-being indicators) among people living with HIV (PLWH). We also investigated whether this association varies as a function of socio-demographic, clinical characteristics, and study publication year. Method We conducted a structured literature search on Web of Science, Scopus, MedLine, PsyARTICLES, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The most important inclusion criteria encompassed quantitative and peer-reviewed articles published in English. Results After selection, we accepted 27 articles for further analysis (N = 6333 participants). Eight studies used positive indicators of well-being. The other 19 studies focused on negative indicators of well-being. Meta-analysis revealed that there was a negative weak-size association between PTG and negative well-being indicators (r = − 0.18, 95% CI [− 0.23; − 0.11]) and a positive medium-size association between PTG and positive well-being measures (r = 0.35, 95% CI [0.21; 0.47]). We detected no moderators. Conclusions The present meta-analysis and systematic review revealed expected negative and positive associations between PTG and negative versus positive well-being indicators among PLWH. Specifically, the relationship between PTG and positive well-being indicators was more substantial than the link between PTG and negative well-being measures in these patients. Finally, observed high heterogeneity between studies and several measurement problems call for significant modification and improvement of PTG research among PLWH.

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