scholarly journals Developing Edible Starch Film Used for Packaging Seasonings in Instant Noodles

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3105
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Mahafooj Alee ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Yinglin Zhou ◽  
Mao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cellulose Crystals ◽  
Instant Noodles

Edible starch-based film was developed for packaging seasoning applied in instant noodles. The edible film can quickly dissolve into hot water so that the seasoning bag can mix in the soup of instant noodles during preparation. To meet the specific requirements of the packaging, such as reasonable high tensile properties, ductility under arid conditions, and low gas permeability, hydroxypropyl cornstarch with various edible additives from food-grade ingredients were applied to enhance the functionality of starch film. In this work, xylose was used as a plasticizer, cellulose crystals were used as a reinforcing agent, and laver was used to decrease gas permeability. The microstructures, interface, and compatibility of various components and film performance were investigated using an optical microscope under polarized light, scanning electron microscope, gas permeability, and tensile testing. The relationship was established between processing methodologies, microstructures, and performances. The results showed that the developed starch-based film have a modulus of 960 MPa, tensile strength of 36 Mpa with 14% elongation, and water vapor permeability less than 5.8 g/m2.h under 20% RH condition at room temperature (25 °C), which meets the general requirements of the flavor bag packaging used in instant noodles.

scholarly journals Bio-inspired co-Polyesters of Hydroxy-Fatty Acids Extracted from Tomato Peel Agro-Wastes and Glycerol with Tunable Mechanical, Thermal and Barrier Properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Marc ◽  
Regis Risani ◽  
Eric Desnoes ◽  
Xavier Falourd ◽  
Bruno pontoire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Fatty Acid Fraction ◽  
Hydroxy Fatty Acids ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Acid Fraction ◽  
Glycerol Content

<div> By mimicking the cutin natural polyester networks of plant cuticles, we produced hydrophobic elastomers by a sustainable process, i.e., using a catalyst- and solvent-free polycondensation of glycerol and hydroxy fatty acids, two by-products of the agro-food industry. The hydroxy fatty acid fraction was obtained by ethanolic alkaline hydrolysis of cuticle from industrial tomato. This industrial-like fatty acid fraction contained more than 90% wt. of 9(10)-16 dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid (diOHC16). The co-polyesters were designed by increasing the ratio of esterified glycerol/diOHC16 in a range observed in plant cutins (up to 6% wt.). Their structure and functional properties (thermal, mechanical, gas permeability, interaction with bacterial cells) were characterized. Increasing the glycerol contents induced a significant decrease in the crosslink density of the polyesters and the formation of crystalline domains with a hexagonal organization. These structural modifications were related to a marked increase of elastomeric extensibility (up to 217%). While water vapor permeability was not impacted, the increase of glycerol content induced a significant decrease in oxygen permeability. None of the polyesters displayed biocide activity, but an increase of glycerol content significantly reduced the adhesion of bacterial cells, potentially giving rise to antifouling applications. </div>

scholarly journals Bio-inspired co-Polyesters of Hydroxy-Fatty Acids Extracted from Tomato Peel Agro-Wastes and Glycerol with Tunable Mechanical, Thermal and Barrier Properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Marc ◽  
Regis Risani ◽  
Eric Desnoes ◽  
Xavier Falourd ◽  
Bruno pontoire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Fatty Acid Fraction ◽  
Hydroxy Fatty Acids ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Acid Fraction ◽  
Glycerol Content

<div> By mimicking the cutin natural polyester networks of plant cuticles, we produced hydrophobic elastomers by a sustainable process, i.e., using a catalyst- and solvent-free polycondensation of glycerol and hydroxy fatty acids, two by-products of the agro-food industry. The hydroxy fatty acid fraction was obtained by ethanolic alkaline hydrolysis of cuticle from industrial tomato. This industrial-like fatty acid fraction contained more than 90% wt. of 9(10)-16 dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid (diOHC16). The co-polyesters were designed by increasing the ratio of esterified glycerol/diOHC16 in a range observed in plant cutins (up to 6% wt.). Their structure and functional properties (thermal, mechanical, gas permeability, interaction with bacterial cells) were characterized. Increasing the glycerol contents induced a significant decrease in the crosslink density of the polyesters and the formation of crystalline domains with a hexagonal organization. These structural modifications were related to a marked increase of elastomeric extensibility (up to 217%). While water vapor permeability was not impacted, the increase of glycerol content induced a significant decrease in oxygen permeability. None of the polyesters displayed biocide activity, but an increase of glycerol content significantly reduced the adhesion of bacterial cells, potentially giving rise to antifouling applications. </div>

scholarly journals The relationship of structure, thermal and water vapor permeability barrier properties of poly(butylene succinate)/organomodified beidellite clay bionanocomposites prepared by in situ polycondensation

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (61) ◽  
pp. 37314-37326
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ilsouk ◽  
Mustapha Raihane ◽  
Benaissa Rhouta ◽  
Remo Merijs Meri ◽  
Janis Zicans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Biodegradable Nanocomposites ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The exploitation of beidellite clay (BDT), used as a nanofiller in the preparation of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)/organoclay biodegradable nanocomposites, was investigated. Their thermal and water vapor barrier properties were also studied.

Properties of SiOx/PET Thin Films Prepared by RF Magnetron Sputtering

2011 ◽  
Vol 380 ◽  
pp. 238-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhi ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
Bo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
The Relationship

The SiOx thin films for food packaging were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering physical vapor technology on the substrates of 20μm polyethylene terephthalate (PET) by using a pure SiO2 target. The molecular structure of thin film surface composition were detected and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); and the barrier properties of the films were examined by MOCON water vapor permeability testing instrument, also，the relationship maps between permeability and process parameters were drew and the process parameters were optimized; The mechanical properties of thin films were tested by electronic tensile testing machine, and the curves of the relationship between the mechanical properties and process parameters depicted. The SiOx/PET thin films of the lowest water vapor permeability were prepared under the pressure of 7.5×10-3 Pa, the sputtering pressure of 0.23 Pa, the deposition time of 30min and the sputtering power of 1500W. The yield strength increased 4 times and elastic modulus increased 3 times when the water vapor permeability of the SiOx/PET thin films rose about 10 times of the blank.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Washing Effect on Thermo Physiological Properties of Natural Based Fabrics

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501300800
Author(s):  
Uzun Muhammet
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Flexural Rigidity ◽  
Ultrasonic Method ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Ultrasonic Technology ◽  
Washing Method ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity

Ultrasonic technology is widely used to assist many industrial and domestic applications. However, the effect of ultrasonic washing on the thermo-physiological properties of natural based fabrics has not been studied yet. This study aims to examine the relationship between unwashed, ultrasonically washed, and conventionally washed fabrics in terms of their abrasion behavior, flexural rigidity, and comfort properties (thermo physiological). Five specimens of 100% natural based fabrics: linen, bamboo, organic cotton, cotton and wool, were washed using both ultrasonic and conventional methods under a 40°C degree washing temperature. All fabrics were washed ten times for 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. No direct correlation between the unwashed and washed fabric abrasion and flexural rigidity properties was observed. Fabric thermal conductivities were changed after the washing processes and in most cases; the ultrasonically washed fabrics had higher conductivity values. It was also observed that lower washing times (15 and 30 min) using the ultrasonic method decreased the thermal resistance of the fabrics. Furthermore, it was also clear, according to the thermal absorptivity results, that the ultrasonic washing method benefited the natural fiber based fabrics. Conventionally washed fabrics were found to have superior water vapor permeability compared to ultrasonically washed fabrics. The ultrasonically washed fabrics have considerably higher heat loss values than the conventionally washed fabrics.

scholarly journals Properties of Biodegradable Films Based on Poly(butylene Succinate) (PBS) and Poly(butylene Adipate-co-Terephthalate) (PBAT) Blends

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2317
Author(s):  
Anna Raffaela de Matos Costa ◽  
Andrea Crocitti ◽  
Laura Hecker de Carvalho ◽  
Sabrina Carola Carroccio ◽  
Pierfrancesco Cerruti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Butylene Succinate

Compression molded biodegradable films based on poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) at varying weights were prepared, and their relevant properties for packaging applications are here reported. The melt rheology of the blends was first studied, and the binary PBS/PBAT blends exhibited marked shear thinning and complex thermoreological behavior, due to the formation of a co-continuous morphology in the 50 wt% blend. The films were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), mechanical tensile tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and oxygen and water vapor permeability. PBS crystallization was inhibited in the blends with higher contents of PBAT, and FTIR and SEM analysis suggested that limited interactions occur between the two polymer phases. The films showed increasing stiffness as the PBS percentage increased; further, a sharp decrease in elongation at break was noticed for the films containing percentages of PBS greater than 25 wt%. Gas permeability decreased with increasing PBS content, indicating that the barrier properties of PBS can be tuned by blending with PBAT. The results obtained point out that the blend containing 25 wt% PBS is a good compromise between elastic modulus (135 MPa) and deformation at break (390%) values. Overall, PBS/PBAT blends represent an alternative for packaging films, as they combine biodegradability, good barrier properties and reasonable mechanical behavior.

Fabric Selection of Thermal Underwear under Different Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 785-786 ◽  
pp. 775-778
Author(s):  
Yu Xiu Yan ◽  
Ya Ping Lu ◽  
Yan Na Feng ◽  
Jian Wei Tao ◽  
Zi Min Jin
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Reflection Method ◽  
Value Evaluation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

This paper selected 10 kinds of fabrics of thermal underwear, which are the representatives on the market; carried out tests on the fabric properties (thickness, density, the gram per square meter, etc.) and the fabric wearability (permeability, water vapor permeability, wicking height, insulation and antistatic properties, etc.); analyzed these data by using SPSS, finding out the factors which effect the warmth, moisture permeability, air permeability, etc, as well as the relationship between these factors. This article evaluated fabric wearability comprehensively by using concentrated reflection method and function value evaluation method to select the proper fabrics of thermal underwear under different conditions. The results of this research can be a good reference of thermal underwear fabric selection for enterprises.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of a Bioartificial Polymeric Material: Bilayer of Cellulose Acetate-PVA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Bernal-Ballén ◽  
Ivo Kuritka ◽  
Petr Saha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Polymeric Material ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Well Differentiated

A new bioartificial polymeric material consisting of a bilayer of cellulose acetate and poly(vinyl alcohol) was successfully obtained by casting method. The material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, gas permeability, water vapor permeability, and mechanical properties. The characterization indicates that two distinct and well-differentiated surfaces were achieved without detriment to the bulk properties. The interaction between natural and synthetic polymers indeed enhanced the gas permeability as well as the water vapor permeability in comparison to the original components, although mechanical properties were not substantially boosted by the combination of both. Moreover, beyond the interface, there were no detected interactions between the polymers as can be evidenced by the presence of a uniqueTgin the bilayer. The amalgamation of the relatively good mechanical properties with the two differentiated surfaces and the improvement of the permeability properties could indicate the potential of the material for being used in medicine.

scholarly journals Sustainable Chitosan-Dialdehyde Cellulose Nanocrystal Film

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5851
Author(s):  
Cong Gao ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Baojie Liu ◽  
Shuangquan Yao ◽  
Yi Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystal ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Gas Barrier ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
Bionanocomposite Films

In this study, we incorporated 2,3-dialdehyde nanocrystalline cellulose (DANC) into chitosan as a reinforcing agent and manufactured biodegradable films with enhanced gas barrier properties. DANC generated via periodate oxidation of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) was blended at various concentrations with chitosan, and bionanocomposite films were prepared via casting and characterized systematically. The results showed that DANC developed Schiff based bond with chitosan that improved its properties significantly. The addition of DANC dramatically improved the gas barrier performance of the composite film, with water vapor permeability (WVP) value decreasing from 62.94 g·mm·m−2·atm−1·day−1 to 27.97 g·mm·m−2·atm−1·day−1 and oxygen permeability (OP) value decreasing from 0.14 cm3·mm·m−2·day−1·atm−1 to 0.026 cm3·mm·m−2·day−1·atm−1. Meanwhile, the maximum decomposition temperature (Tdmax) of the film increased from 286 °C to 354 °C, and the tensile strength of the film was increased from 23.60 MPa to 41.12 MPa when incorporating 25 wt.% of DANC. In addition, the chitosan/DANC (75/25, wt/wt) films exhibited superior thermal stability, gas barrier, and mechanical strength compared to the chitosan/CNC (75/25, wt/wt) film. These results confirm that the DANC and chitosan induced films with improved gas barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties for possible use in film packaging.

Permeability of Packaging Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 192-194
Author(s):  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
Wen Chao Gu ◽  
Zheng Yong Cheng ◽  
Wen Juan Gu ◽  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Barrier Property ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Packaging Materials

The harmful ingredients in packaging materials and containers usually migrate to food during the machining and printing period. The permeability of packaging materials is very important for the food packaging safety. Several commonly used packaging materials were researched in this paper. Their permeability was characterized including the gas permeability, light-transmitting property, and the water vapor permeability. Some technologies which could improve the barrier property were brought forward. And the factors that impact the permeability were discussed in this research. Research on the permeability of packaging material is significant for food industry.

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