Effect of Yogurt Fermented by Lactobacillus Fermentum TSI and L. Fermentum S2 Derived from a Mongolian Traditional Dairy Product on Rats with High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity

This study aimed to investigate the metabolic effect of yogurt fermented by Lactobacillus fermentum TSI and S2 isolated from a Mongolian traditional dairy product on rats with high-fat-diet-induced obesity. Quality characteristics of yogurt fermented by commercial starter (CON), L. fermentum TSI2 (TSI2 group), L. fermentum S2 (S2 group), and mixed TSI2 and S2 strains at 1:1 (MIX group), were verified. Six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups and administered the following diets: group NOR, normal diet with oral saline administration; group HF, high-fat diet (HD) with oral saline administration; group TSI, HD and L. fermentum TSI-fermented yogurt; group S2, HD and L. fermentum S2-fermented yogurt; and group MIX, HD and MIX-fermented yogurt. After eight weeks, the HD groups displayed significantly increased body weight and fat, serum cholesterol, and abdominal adipose tissue levels. However, serum HDL cholesterol levels were higher, triglyceride levels were lower, and abdominal adipocytes were smaller in the TSI and S2 groups than in the HF group. These results indicate that L. fermentum TSI reduces abdominal fat and improves blood lipid metabolism in HD-induced obese rats.

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Lactobacillus plantarum DR7 improved brain health in aging rats via the serotonin, inflammatory and apoptosis pathways

Beneficial Microbes ◽

10.3920/bm2019.0200 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 753-766

Author(s):

A.I. Zaydi ◽

L.-C. Lew ◽

Y.-Y. Hor ◽

M.H. Jaafar ◽

L.-O. Chuah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Cognitive Functions ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Brain Health ◽

High Fat ◽

Dietary Strategy ◽

Apoptosis Pathways ◽

Insight Into

Aging processes affect the brain in many ways, ranging from cellular to functional levels which lead to cognitive decline and increased oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the potentials of Lactobacillus plantarum DR7 on brain health including cognitive and memory functions during aging and the impacts of high fat diet during a 12-week period. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into six groups: (1) young animals on normal diet (ND, (2) young animals on a high fat diet (HFD), (3) aged animals on ND, (4) aged animals on HFD, (5) aged animals on HFD and L. plantarum DR7 (109 cfu/day) and (6) aged animals receiving HFD and lovastatin. To induce ageing, all rats in group 3 to 6 were injected sub-cutaneously at 600 mg/kg/day of D-galactose daily. The administration of DR7 has reduced anxiety accompanied by enhanced memory during behavioural assessments in aged-HFD rats (P<0.05). Hippocampal concentration of all three pro-inflammatory cytokines were increased during aging but reduced upon administration of both statin and DR7. Expressions of hippocampal neurotransmitters and apoptosis genes showed reduced expressions of indoleamine dioxygenase and P53 accompanied by increased expression of TPH1 in aged- HFD rats administered with DR7, indicating potential effects of DR7 along the pathways of serotonin and oxidative senescence. This study provided an insight into potentials of L. plantarum DR7 as a prospective dietary strategy to improve cognitive functions during aging. This study provided an insight into potentials of L. plantarum DR7 as a prospective dietary strategy to improve cognitive functions during aging.

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Abstract 382: Anti-MAA Antibodies in Sprague Dawley Rats are Increased in Response to a High Fat Western Diet

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvb.33.suppl_1.a382 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Michael J Duryee ◽

Anand Dusad ◽

Scott W Shurmur ◽

Michael D Johnston ◽

Robert P Garvin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Western Diet ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Fat ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Stable Plaque ◽

Circulating Antibodies ◽

Modified Proteins ◽

Progression Of Atherosclerosis

Introduction Malondialdehyde/Acetaldehyde (MAA) modified proteins have been suggested to play a role in the development/progression of atherosclerosis. Circulating antibodies directed against these proteins have recently been shown to be associated with the severity of the disease. More specifically, the isotype of the antibody to MAA correlated with either an acute MI (IgG) or stable plaque formation (IgA) formation. MAA is thought to form as a result of the oxidation of fat(s) and thus the concentration and antibody response should reflect the amount of fat in the diet. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibody responses to MAA modified proteins following immunization and high fat western diet feeding in rats. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were immunized with MAA-modified protein weekly for 5 weeks and then assayed for antibodies to these proteins. Animals were then separated into the following groups: chow sham, chow MAA immunized, high fat sham, and high fat MAA immunized. The high fat animals were fed a Western diet with 2-thiouracil for 12 weeks, bled every 3 weeks, and serum assayed for the presence of circulating MAA antibodies. Results Prior to feeding with high fat diet, rats immunized with MAA-modified protein had a significant increase (P<0.001) in serum antibodies directed against these modified proteins compared to controls (N of 4 per group). Following feeding of high fat diet antibody concentrations increased 6 fold in the high fat MAA immunized group compared to the chow MAA immunized group (P<0.05). Antibodies in the high fat sham and chow sham had only minimal increases in antibodies to these proteins. Conclusions These data demonstrate that following immunization with MAA-modified proteins, circulating antibodies are produced that increase following consumption of a high fat Western diet. It suggests that MAA-modified proteins are produced at low levels following normal diet, producing antibodies which act as a normal clearance method for altered protein. When high fat consumption increases these antibody levels are increased in response to the oxidative stress. Implications Use of these antibodies as a biomarker in the future may help predict the onset or progression of atherosclerosis.

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Effects of Diet-Induced Obesity and Deficient in Vitamin D on Spermatozoa Function and DNA Integrity in Sprague-Dawley Rats

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/5479057 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

O. Merino ◽

R. Sánchez ◽

B. M. Gregorio ◽

F. J. Sampaio ◽

J. Risopatrón

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Dna Fragmentation ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Control Diet ◽

Sperm Function ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

The Impact

Obesity has adverse effects on male fertility and usually is diagnosed with a prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VD-). Discussion on the impact of obesity/VD- on sperm function has been limited. This study analyzed the effects of diet-induced obesity/VD- on viability and plasma membrane integrity (PMI), superoxide anion (O2-) level, and DNA fragmentation (DNAfrag) in sperm Sprague-Dawley rats. The males were randomized into four groups and fed for a period of 12 weeks: G1: control diet with vitamin D (C/VD+), G2: control diet without vitamin D (C/VD-), G3: high-fat diet with vitamin D (HF/VD+), and G4: high-fat diet without vitamin D (HF/VD-). Sperm function parameters were analyzed by flow cytometry. PMI percentages and O2- levels were not affected by any of the diets. DNA fragmentation was increasing significantly (p<0.05) in the spermatozoa of animals with diets vitamin D deficient (G2) and diet-induced obesity (G4). Our results allow us to point out that diet-induced obesity and VD- produce greater damage in DNA sperm of rats. The use of nutraceuticals containing vitamin D could be reducing the risk of fragmentation of DNA in spermatozoa.

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Obesity is the major contributor to vascular dysfunction and inflammation in high-fat diet hypertensive rats

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20090395 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 118 (4) ◽

pp. 291-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Ahmed A. Elmarakby ◽

John D. Imig

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Vascular Dysfunction ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Fat ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Induced Hypertension ◽

Cox 2

Obesity and hypertension are the two major risk factors that contribute to the progression of end-stage renal disease. To examine whether hypertension further exacerbates oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction and inflammation in obese rats, four groups of male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed either a normal (7% fat) or high-fat (36% fat) diet for 6 weeks and osmotic pumps were implanted to deliver ANG (angiotensin II) or vehicle for an additional 4 weeks. Treatment with the high-fat diet did not alter ANG-induced hypertension compared with the normal diet (174±6 compared with 170±5 mmHg respectively). Treatment with the high-fat diet increased body weight gain and plasma leptin levels and induced insulin resistance in normotensive and ANG-induced hypertensive rats. Plasma TBARS (thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances), a measure of oxidative stress, were elevated in high-fat diet-fed rats compared with controls (11.2±1 compared with 8.4±1 nmol/ml respectively) and was increased further in ANG-induced hypertensive rats fed a high-fat diet (18.8±2.2 nmol/ml). Urinary nitrite excretion was also decreased in rats fed a high-fat diet without or with ANG infusion compared with controls. Afferent arteriolar relaxation to acetylcholine was impaired in rats fed the high-fat diet without or with ANG infusion. Renal cortical TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor-α), COX-2 (cyclo-oxygenase-2) and phospho-IKK (inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase) expression increased in high-fat diet-fed rats compared with normal diet-fed rats. The increases in phospho-IKK and COX-2 expression were elevated further in ANG-induced hypertensive rats fed the high-fat diet. These results suggest that ANG-induced hypertension exacerbates oxidative stress and renal inflammation without further impairment in vascular dysfunction in high-fat diet-induced obesity.

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Atypical cannabinoid ligands O-1602 and O-1918 administered chronically in diet-induced obesity

Endocrine Connections ◽

10.1530/ec-18-0535 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 203-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Anna C Simcocks ◽

Kayte A Jenkin ◽

Lannie O’Keefe ◽

Chrishan S Samuel ◽

Michael L Mathai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

G Protein ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Chow Diet ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Fat ◽

G Protein Coupled Receptor ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

G Protein Coupled

Atypical cannabinoid compounds O-1602 and O-1918 are ligands for the putative cannabinoid receptors G protein-coupled receptor 55 and G protein-coupled receptor 18. The role of O-1602 and O-1918 in attenuating obesity and obesity-related pathologies is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine the role that either compound had on body weight and body composition, renal and hepatic function in diet-induced obesity. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet (40% digestible energy from lipids) or a standard chow diet for 10 weeks. In a separate cohort, male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet for 9 weeks and then injected daily with 5 mg/kg O-1602, 1 mg/kg O-1918 or vehicle (0.9% saline/0.75% Tween 80) for a further 6 weeks. Our data demonstrated that high-fat feeding upregulates whole kidney G protein receptor 55 expression. In diet-induced obesity, we also demonstrated O-1602 reduces body weight, body fat and improves albuminuria. Despite this, treatment with O-1602 resulted in gross morphological changes in the liver and kidney. Treatment with O-1918 improved albuminuria, but did not alter body weight or fat composition. In addition, treatment with O-1918 also upregulated circulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1α, IL-2, IL-17α, IL-18 and RANTES as well as plasma AST. Thus O-1602 and O-1918 appear not to be suitable treatments for obesity and related comorbidities, due to their effects on organ morphology and pro-inflammatory signaling in obesity.

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Evaluation of voglibose on body weight in rats

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20192178 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 1159

Author(s):

Sarita Mulkalwar ◽

Tanya Gupta ◽

Vishwanath Kulkarni ◽

A. V. Tilak ◽

B. T. Rane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Body Weight ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Normal Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Obesity Drugs

Background: As of 2018, 2.1 billion people nearly 30% of the world’s population are either obese or overweight. Worldwide obesity has nearly tripled since 1975. It is an emerging health problem with major adverse effects on health. It is a risk factor for many chronic diseases but is best known for its role in metabolic syndrome, which can lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as cardiovascular diseases. Anti-obesity drugs are available but have many side effects. Voglibose, an antidiabetic drug, is an alpha glucosidase inhibitor which shows promising results in the reduction of body weight with minimal side effects.Methods: Voglibose (7 mg/kg) was administered to rats fed with normal laboratory chows and high fat diet to see its effect on body weight, body mass index, abdominal and thoracic circumference, and lipid profile at the end of 12 weeks.Results: Administration of voglibose significantly reduced food consumption, feed efficiency and increase in body weight induced by high fat diet in rats. Rats fed on normal diet also showed reductions in the same parameters, suggesting its weight lowering effect. Reductions in the anthropometric measurements, hypolipidemic effects and glucose lowering effects were also observed.Conclusions: Voglibose prevented high fat diet-induced obesity and improvement in metabolic profile, which ultimately has systemic effects on body weight in rats. Further studies are needed to see its potential therapeutic use in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and related complications.

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Knockout of nephron ATP6AP2 impairs proximal tubule function and prevents high fat diet induced obesity in male mice

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/endocr/bqab200 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Silas A Culver ◽

Safia Akhtar ◽

Callie Rountree-Jablin ◽

Susanna R Keller ◽

Helen P Cathro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Proximal Tubule ◽

Knockout Mice ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Caloric Intake ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Male Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Urinary Glucose

Abstract ATP6AP2 expression is increased in the nephron during high fat diet (HFD) and its knockout (ATP6AP2 KO) reduces body weight (WT) in mice. We evaluated the contribution of ATP6AP2 to urinary glucose (UG) and albumin (Ualb) handling during HFD. We hypothesized that nephron ATP6AP2 KO increases UG and Ualb and minimizes HFD-induced obesity. Eight-week old male C57BL/6J mice with inducible nephron specific ATP6AP2 KO and non-induced controls (C) were fed either normal diet (ND, 12% kcal fat) or HFD (45% kcal fat) for 6 months. ATP6AP2 KO mice on ND had 20% (p<0.01) lower WT compared to C. HFD fed mice had 41% (p<0.05) greater WT than ND fed C. In contrast, ATP6AP2 KO abrogated the increase in WT induced by HFD by 40% (p<0.05). Mice on HFD had less caloric intake compared to ND controls (p<0.01). There were no significant differences in metabolic rate between all groups. UG and Ualb was significantly increased in ATP6AP2 KO mice on both ND and HFD. ATP6AP2 KO showed greater levels of proximal tubule apoptosis and histologic evidence of proximal tubule injury. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that nephron specific ATP6AP2 KO is associated with glucosuria and albuminuria, most likely secondary to renal proximal tubule injury and/or dysfunction. Urinary loss of nutrients may have contributed to the reduced WT of knockout mice on ND and lack of WT gain in response to HFD. Future investigation should elucidate the mechanisms by which loss of renal ATP6AP2 causes proximal tubule injury and dysfunction.

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Supplementation of Stingless Bee Honey from Heterotrigona itama Improves Antiobesity Parameters in High-Fat Diet Induced Obese Rat Model

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/6371582 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ahmad Zulkifli Mohd Rafie ◽

Amir Syahir ◽

Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad ◽

Mohd Zulkifli Mustafa ◽

Abdul Razak Mariatulqabtiah

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Stingless Bee ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Fat ◽

A Value ◽

Sd Rats ◽

The One

Heterotrigona itama is a common stingless bee species found in Southeast Asia. Studies on the health benefits of its honey are limited in comparison with other stingless bee species. This study examines the antiobesity benefits found in stingless bee honey (SBH) from H. itama. The parameters used to measure the benefits were weight change, morphological structures, and biochemical characteristics. The research was conducted by using rats that were given a high-fat diet (HFD). In total 48 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were given a formulated HFD to increase the levels of obesity, the HFD was administered with a value of 0.68 g/cm2. The duration of the treatment was six weeks, and the results show that the induction obesity using the HFD was successful. Following this, the rats were then treated with SBH (at dosages of 1000 mg/kg, 750 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg), with orlistat or with a placebo. Compared with typical obesity treatment methods, the one that used the three dosages of SBH showed a higher reduction in body mass index (BMI), percentage of body weight gain, adiposity index, and relative organ weight (ROW). The levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP) were also significantly lower in SBH-treated groups. The levels of triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol were significantly lower, while the level of HDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in comparison with the control obese group. In terms of morphological structures, the number of adipocyte cells was reduced, and the hepatocytes found in the liver were less prone to rupturing when treated with SBH. In conclusion, the administration of SBH led to an improvement in indicators associated with obesity reduction. SBH also possesses a hepatoprotective potential which can reduce the health risks related to obesity.

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Antiobesity Effect ofCodonopsis lanceolatain High-Calorie/High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/210297 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Hye-Kyung Choi ◽

Eun-Kyung Won ◽

Young Pyo Jang ◽

Se-Young Choung

Keyword(s):

Lipid Accumulation ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Normal Diet ◽

The Body ◽

Male Rats ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Fat ◽

Codonopsis Lanceolata ◽

High Calorie

The antiobesity effects ofCodonopsis lanceolata(CL) were evaluated in a high-calorie/high-fat-diet (HFD-) induced obesity rat model and 3T3-L1 cells. The Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed a normal diet (ND) or a HFD for a period of 12 weeks. The rats were subdivided into groups: ND, ND + wildCodonopsis lanceolata(wCL) (900 mg/kg/day, p.o.), ND + cultivatedCodonopsis lanceolata(cCL) (900 mg/kg/day, p.o.), HFD, HFD + wCL (100, 300, or 900 mg/kg/day, p.o.), HFD + cCL (100, 300, or 900 mg/kg/day, p.o.), and HFD + sibutramine. The body weight gains of the administered HFD + CL (wCL or CCL) were lower than those of the rats fed with only the HFD group. Moreover, the weight of adipose pads and the serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the group administered HDL + CL were significantly lower than in the HFD group. The inhibitory effect of lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells was measured by Oil Red O staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Treatment of 3T3-L1 cells with wCL inhibited lipid accumulation and expression of C/EBPαand PPARγ. These results suggest that CL has a great potential as a functional food with anti-obesity effects and as a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of obesity.

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Effect of Walnut Meal Peptides on Hyperlipidemia and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1410

Author(s):

Xiao-Yue Yang ◽

Di-Ying Zhong ◽

Guo-Liang Wang ◽

Run-Guang Zhang ◽

You-Lin Zhang

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

The Body ◽

Liver Fat ◽

High Fat ◽

Apo B ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Triglyceride Content

As a natural active substance that can effectively improve blood lipid balance in the body, hypolipidemic active peptides have attracted the attention of scholars. In this study, the effect of walnut meal peptides (WMP) on lipid metabolism was investigated in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The experimental results show that feeding walnut meal peptides counteracted the high-fat diet-induced increase in body, liver and epididymal fat weight, and reduce the serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride content. Walnut meal peptides also resulted in increased HDL-cholesterol while reducing the atherosclerosis index (AI). Additionally, the stained pathological sections of the liver showed that the walnut meal peptides reduced hepatic steatosis and damage caused by HFD. Furthermore, walnut meal peptide supplementation was associated with normalization of elevated apolipoprotein (Apo)-B and reduced Apo-A1 induced by the high-fat diet and with favorable changes in the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (LCAT, CYP7A1, HMGR, FAS). The results indicate that walnut meal peptides can effectively prevent the harmful effects of a high-fat diet on body weight, lipid metabolism and liver fat content in rats, and provide, and provide a reference for the further development of walnut meal functional foods.

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