scholarly journals A Horticultural Medium Established from the Rapid Removal of Phytotoxins from Winery Grape Marc

Horticulturae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olejar ◽  
Vandermeer ◽  
Fedrizzi ◽  
Kilmartin
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Grape Marc ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Rapid Removal ◽  
Water Holding

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) marc has long been utilized as a compost feedstock. However, this process takes an extended period of time due to the phytotoxic chemical composition of the marc. Removal of these compounds presents an opportunity to utilize the grape marc as a growing medium. Following a water-based extraction procedure to remove polyphenolic compounds of interest, analysis of the depleted marc showed a decrease in the content of these compounds, and in nutrient and trace element levels. Carrot (Daucus carota L.) and corn (Zea mays L.) seedling emergence in the depleted marc and blends with compost were not adversely affected, demonstrating its effectiveness for growing plants at all ratios. A 50:50 blend of compost and depleted grape marc resulted in plant growth equivalent to the compost alone. This combined with the observed water holding capacity suggests that depleted grape marc, when blended with compost, can be a suitable alternative to peat or coconut coir for seedlings.

Growth of Container-grown Plants With and Without Azomite Soil Amendment

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 492c-492
Author(s):  
Chris Ely ◽  
Mark A. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Water Holding

Azomite is a mined, commercially available, hydrated sodium calcium aluminosiliclate soil amendment reported to act as a source of mineral elements. To determine its effect on plant growth, Dendranthema `Connie' rooted cuttings, Malus seedlings, and Citrus seedlings were grown in containers in one of two growing media: ProMix BX or ProMix BX with Azomite (1:1, v:v). Plant height was monitored weekly and after 6 weeks of growth, fresh and dry plant weights of roots and shoots were determined. There was no difference in any of the parameters measured as a result of the addition of Azomite. Any nutritional influence of the Azomite may only be evident in different conditions, e.g., field soil, or over an extended period of time. The Azomite altered the medium's physical properties and therefore bulk density and water-holding capacity of the Azomite were determined for consideration.

scholarly journals Research of antioxidant properties of grape marc extracts as perspective pharmaceutical and cosmetic products

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
A. R. Skira ◽  
◽  
O. S. Iaremkevych ◽  
N. L. Zayarnyuk ◽  
M. S. Kurka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Heat Bath ◽  
Free Radical Oxidation ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Radical Oxidation ◽  
Grape Marc

The antioxidant activity (AA) of various extracts of grape marc (Vitis vinifera L.) was studied. Radical absorption activity (RAA) was calculated in reactions with DPPH+ and ABTS•+ radicals and AA in rat liver homogenate by two markers of oxidative stress (OS): contents of thiobarbiturative products and carbonyl groups of proteins. All the extracts showed antioxidant activity. Water-based extract and 96 % ethanol extract obtained via heat bath method were inhibitors of the formation of free radical oxidation of lipids and proteins. 96% ethanol extract is promising for the development of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products.

An investigation into the possible inhibitory effects of white cypress pine (Callitris glaucophylla) litter on the germination and growth of associated ground cover species

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Harris ◽  
David Lamb ◽  
Peter D. Erskine
Keyword(s):  
Resource Competition ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Callitris Glaucophylla ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Cypress Pine

White cypress-pine stands typically support sparse densities of shrubs and grasses. The commonly held opinion is that leaching of allelopathic chemical compounds from cypress-pine litter partly facilitates this exclusion. Germination and growth of cypress pine seedlings do not appear to be similarly affected. This study set out to determine whether cypress litter had a differential effect on germination and growth of cypress-pine seedlings and on associated ground-cover species. Glasshouse trials comparing seedling emergence under cypress- and artificial-litter layers were undertaken. Cypress-pine litter did not have an inhibitory effect on the germination or growth of ground-cover species. In most cases, seedling emergence was facilitated by the application of cypress-pine litter due to its ability to increase the water holding capacity of the underlying soil. Cypress litter did not promote growth of its own seedlings over its competitors except on coarse-textured soils where it provided an ameliorative function to water stress due to the soil's reduced water holding capacity. The inhibition of ground-cover species' germination and growth in pure cypress stands was suggested to be the result of high below-ground resource competition due to the pine's expansive root morphology.

Effects of some soil conditions on sugar-beet seedling emergence

1972 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Longden
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Conditioners ◽  
Water Holding

SUMMARYSeven soil conditioners added to a sandy clay soil at Saxmundham did not benefit sugar-beet seedling emergence in four experiments in 3 years. In microplots at Broom's Barn free draining peat and sandy loam gave consistently more seedlings than limestone loam or flinty loam. In the laboratory, for each of three soil types, emergence was maximal only for a small soil moisture range and decreased rapidly when soils became drier or wetter. This suggests that conditioners which increase water-holding capacity should be tested on sandy loams rather than clay soils and that seed-bed preparation on heavier soils should seek to aerate the soil.

scholarly journals A new, harmless, high-throughput endosperm-based DNA extraction method for wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihui Ma ◽  
Yuquan Wang ◽  
Wenhui Wei ◽  
Zhengang Ru
Keyword(s):  
Dna Extraction ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Dna Extraction Method ◽  
High Throughput Method ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Non Destructive

ABSTRACT: In this study, a non-destructive, high-throughput, endosperm-based DNA extraction method was developed. To verify the non-destructive nature of this method, a germination test was performed on 288 seeds after sampling their endosperm, which gave a seedling emergence rate that was higher (97.6%) than that of the control group (92%). To confirm the feasibility of the new method, DNA was extracted from plants of a BC1F2 population by two different methods, namely, from endosperm using our rapid, high-throughput method (ER-DNA) and from young leaves emerging from the same sampled seed using the CTAB method (LC-DNA). The ER-DNA was undetectable by agarose gel electrophoresis, but was found to be an adequate replacement for LC-DNA for the amplification and detection of simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Further analysis revealed that ER-DNA was generally suitable for the generation of specific 500-750-bp fragments, but not for the amplification of 1,000-2,000-bp fragments. Our rapid, high-throughput method therefore has no deleterious effects on wheat seeds and yields DNA for SSR genotyping that is a suitable alternative to traditionally obtained DNA.

scholarly journals USE OF LOCAL COMPOSTED WINERY WASTE FOR LETTUCE PRODUCTION IN LEBANON

AGROFOR ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeina EL SEBAALY ◽  
Linda KFOURY ◽  
Georges NABHAN ◽  
Nidal SHABAN ◽  
Youssef Najib SASSINE
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Grape Marc ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Wine Sector ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Winery Waste ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Recently, the Lebanese wine sector has been witnessing a non-precedent growthproducing huge amounts of winery wastes referred to as grape marc. The effect ofusing grape marc compost on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) production wasinvestigated in an open-field experiment in Central Bekaa. Seedlings of theRomaine variety were planted in different substrates: S1: 100% soil or control, S2:75%soil + 25% grape marc compost, S3: 25%soil + 75% grape marc compost andS4: 100% grape marc compost. Root growth, leaf growth and leaf characteristicswere compared among the different mixtures. Tests showed that the grape marccompost contained acceptable values of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organicmatter and a perfect germination index ranking between 0.8 and 1 for the direct anddiluted solutions. Results showed that at early stages of growth, the best resultswere obtained from plants grown in the substrate S4. However, at later stages ofgrowth, grape marc compost with a percentage higher than 50% (S4) in the mixtureinduced lower averages of leaf number, length and width of largest leaf and leafweight and those higher than 25% (S3 and S4) increased dry matter and totalsoluble solids content due to its low water holding capacity causing a water stresson plants. Root growth was proportional to increased percentages of grape marccompost. Finally, composted grape marc provided the highest benefit to plantswhen added to soil in quantities of 25% by volume allowing the best yield increase(47%) compared to control.

scholarly journals 329 Evaluation of Textile Fiber Residues for Horticultural Use

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 448F-448
Author(s):  
D. Wees ◽  
R. Lowe ◽  
D. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Water ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Textile Fiber ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Potato Plantlets

Textile fiber residues spun into small (2 to 5 mm), soft pellets (Flocagro®), through a patented process, were evaluated for horticultural use. Pellets alone and in mixtures with other substrates, were assessed using standard criteria including cation exchange capacity (CEC), aeration porosity, bulk density, and water-holding capacity. The physical and chemical properties of these textile pellets were acceptable as a horticultural growing medium when mixed with substrates such as peat; it was light-weight, had a high water-holding capacity, moderately high aeration porosity, neutral pH, low inherent fertility, low buffering capacity, and mixed easily with other substrates. The potential of Flocagro® in potting mixtures for radish and tomato seedlings and micropropagated potato plantlets was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Effects of Biochar Application in a Sorghum Crop under Greenhouse Conditions: Growth Parameters and Physicochemical Fertility

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Videgain-Marco ◽  
Pedro Marco-Montori ◽  
Clara Martí-Dalmau ◽  
María del Carmen Jaizme-Vega ◽  
Joan Josep Manyà-Cervelló ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Application of biochar from vine shoots (Vitis vinifera L.) as an organic amendment in the soil is an alternative agricultural management of interest. The behavior of this type of amendment in the soil requires more information to adjust the pyrolysis conditions in order to obtain a high-quality biochar. The aim of this work is determining the influence of the application of this type of biochar on the soil-plant system. For this purpose, an agronomic test was performed in greenhouse pots. A randomized tri-factorial block design was adopted with the following factors: final pyrolysis temperature (400 and 600 °C), application rate (0 wt. % as a control, 1.5 and 3 wt. %) and texture of the growing media (sandy-loam and clay-loam origin). The selected crop was sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), the development and production of which was evaluated during two complete growing cycles under greenhouse conditions. Application of biochar produced at 400 °C significantly increased plants roots dry weight in the sandy-loam growing substrate (52% compared to the control). Grain production was also significantly affected by biochar application, showing better results after addition of biochar produced at 400 °C. Water holding capacity and K, Ca, and Mg contents were enhanced by biochar addition, with evident effects of the application ratios for some of these variables. The effect on the pH of substrates in the sandy-loam texture was weak; however, a significant decrease was observed after the addition of biochar produced at 600 °C.

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