Exploring Perceived Importance of a Novel Emergency Food Program during COVID-19 and Program Recipient Characteristics

Following rising unemployment rates and consequent loss of income due to COVID-19, many people have been seeking meal assistance. This study examines the impact of a community-based free meal distribution program during the pandemic in Kentucky, reviewing characteristics of recipients of the program. Demographics, health behaviors, food insecure classification, and rating of importance of the meal program were collected. Qualitative feedback on the impact of the program was collected via open response. Of the 92 participants using the meal service, the cohort was female, Black, 43 years of age (43.5 ± 15.0 years), with a household income under 30,000 USD before COVID, decreased income since COVID, and were food insecure. Recipients rated the importance of the service as 8.7 ± 1.8 (of 10), and those with children indicated the importance as 4.2 ± 1.1 (of 5). Qualitative data on program importance highlighted four response categories including “changed habits”, “mental wellbeing”, “provided resources”, and “other”. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many individuals have struggled. Meal assistance programs are a fundamental asset in the community that have seen marketed demand since COVID-19. Collaboration with, and evaluation of, meal assistance programs can be valuable for continued programmatic funding support.

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The impact of participant pathways on the effectiveness of a community-based physical activity intervention grounded in motivational interviewing

10.31219/osf.io/2sxc3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew Wade ◽

Nicola Brown ◽

James Steele ◽

Steven Mann ◽

Bernadette Dancy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Primary Care ◽

Motivational Interviewing ◽

Social Action ◽

Multilevel Models ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Community Based ◽

The Impact ◽

Time Point

Background: Brief advice is recommended to increase physical activity (PA) within primary care. This study assessed change in PA levels and mental wellbeing after a motivational interviewing (MI) community-based PA intervention and the impact of signposting [SP] and Social Action [SA] (i.e. weekly group support) pathways. Methods: Participants (n=2084) took part in a community-based, primary care PA programme using MI techniques. Self-reported PA and mental wellbeing data were collected at baseline (following an initial 30-minute MI appointment), 12-weeks, six-months, and 12-months. Participants were assigned based upon the surgery they attended to the SP or SA pathway. Multilevel models were used to derive point estimates and 95%CIs for outcomes at each time point and change scores. Results: Participants increased PA and mental wellbeing at each follow-up time point through both participant pathways and with little difference between pathways. Retention was similar between pathways at 12-weeks, but the SP pathway retained more participants at six-months and 12-months. Conclusions: Both pathways produced similar improvements in PA and mental wellbeing, suggesting the effectiveness of MI based PA interventions. However, due to lower resources required yet similar effects, SP pathways are recommended over SA to support PA in primary care settings.

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The Impact of Community Based Health Insurance in Enhancing Better Accessibility and Lowering the Chance of Having Financial Catastrophe Due to Health Service Utilization

International Journal of Health Services ◽

10.1177/0020731415595609 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 504-518 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Somdeth Bodhisane ◽

Sathirakorn Pongpanich

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Insurance ◽

Household Income ◽

Health Care Services ◽

Lower Probability ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Community Based Health Insurance ◽

Care Services ◽

The Impact

The Lao population mostly relies on out-of-pocket expenditures for health care services. This study aims to determine the role of community-based health insurance in making health care services accessible and in preventing financial catastrophe resulting from personal payment for inpatient services. A cross-sectional study design was applied. Data collection involved 126 insured and 126 uninsured households in identical study sites. Two logistic regression models were used to predict and compare the probability of hospitalization and financial catastrophe that occurred in both insured and uninsured households within the previous year. The findings show that insurance status does not significantly improve accessibility and financial protection against catastrophic expenditure. The reason is relatively simple, as catastrophic health expenditure refers to a total out-of-pocket payment equal to or more than 40% of household income minus subsistence. When household income declines as a result of inability to work due to illness, the 40% threshold is quickly reached. Despite this, results suggest that insured households are not significantly better off under community-based health insurance. However, compared to uninsured households, insured households do have better accessibility and a lower probability of reaching the financial catastrophe threshold.

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Results-based financing to increase uptake of skilled delivery services in The Gambia: using the ‘three delays’ model to interpret midline evaluation findings

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-020-03387-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Laura Ferguson ◽

◽

Rifat Hasan ◽

Chantelle Boudreaux ◽

Hannah Thomas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Data ◽

Health Workers ◽

The Gambia ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Control Group ◽

Community Based ◽

Skilled Delivery ◽

Delivery Services ◽

The Impact ◽

Results Based Financing

Abstract Background Delays in accessing skilled delivery services are a major contributor to high maternal mortality in resource-limited settings. In 2015, the government of The Gambia initiated a results-based financing intervention that sought to increase uptake of skilled delivery. We performed a midline evaluation to determine the impact of the intervention and explore causes of delays. Methods A mixed methods design was used to measure changes in uptake of skilled delivery and explore underlying reasons, with communities randomly assigned to four arms: (1) community-based intervention, (2) facility-based intervention, (3) community- and facility-based intervention, and (4) control. We obtained quantitative data from household surveys conducted at baseline (n = 1423) and midline (n = 1573). Qualitative data came from semi-structured interviews (baseline n = 20; midline n = 20) and focus group discussions (baseline n = 27; midline n = 39) with a range of stakeholders. Multivariable linear regression models were estimated using pooled data from baseline and midline. Qualitative data were recorded, transcribed, translated and thematically analyzed. Results No increase was found in uptake of skilled delivery services between baseline and midline. However, relative to the control group, significant increases in referral to health facilities for delivery were found in areas receiving the community-based intervention (beta = 0.078, p < 0.10) and areas receiving both the community-based and facility-based interventions (beta = 0.198, p < 0.05). There was also an increase in accompaniment to health facilities for delivery in areas receiving only community-based interventions (beta = 0.095, p < 0.05). Transportation to health facilities for delivery increased in areas with both interventions (beta = 0.102, p < 0.05). Qualitative data indicate that delays in the decision to seek institutional delivery usually occurred when women had limited knowledge of delivery indications. Delays in reaching a health facility typically occurred due to transportation-related challenges. Although health workers noted shortages in supplies and equipment, women reported being supported by staff and experiencing minimal delays in receiving skilled delivery care once at the facility. Conclusions Focusing efforts on informing the decision to seek care and overcoming transportation barriers can reduce delays in care-seeking among pregnant women and facilitate efforts to increase uptake of skilled delivery services through results-based financing mechanisms.

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The impact of participant pathways on the effectiveness of a community-based physical activity intervention grounded in motivational interviewing

10.31236/osf.io/gq78r ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew Wade ◽

Nicola Brown ◽

James Steele ◽

Steven Mann ◽

Bernadette Dancy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Primary Care ◽

Motivational Interviewing ◽

Social Action ◽

Multilevel Models ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Community Based ◽

The Impact ◽

Time Point

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Healthy diets, lifestyle changes and wellbeing during and after lockdown: Longitudinal evidence from the West Midlands

10.1101/2021.03.19.21253951 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Thijs van Rens ◽

Petra Hanson ◽

Oyinlola Oyebode ◽

Lukasz Walasek ◽

Thomas M. Barber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Vegetable Consumption ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Fruit And Vegetable Consumption ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Fruit And Vegetable ◽

The West ◽

West Midlands ◽

The Impact

Background: "Lockdowns" to control the spread of COVID-19 in the UK have affected many aspects of life, with concerns that they may have adversely affected diets. We aimed to examine (i) the effect of living in lockdown on fruit and vegetable consumption; (ii) whether any population subgroup was particularly adversely affected; (iii) the barriers and facilitators to a healthy diet in lockdown; and (iv) the effect of lockdown on secondary outcomes such as weight and mental wellbeing. Methods: We conducted a mixed-method longitudinal study, involving an online survey of 1003 adults in the West Midlands, UK, 494 of whom were surveyed at two different points in time. Our first time point (T0: May 2020) was during stringent COVID-19 lockdown and the second (T1: September 2020) during a period of more relaxed restrictions. The survey included detailed quantitative questions about fruit and vegetable consumption; questions on physical activity, socio-demographic characteristics, BMI and wellbeing; and qualitative data collection about the reasons behind reported changes. Results: We find no evidence for respondents decreasing their fruit and vegetable consumption during lockdown compared to afterwards. If anything, consumption of fruit and vegetables increased by about half a portion daily among women, particularly among those who normally have a long commute. These findings combined with a significant increase in physical activity, suggest that behaviours were healthier during lockdown, consistent with higher self-reported health compared with afterwards. However, there was a marked deterioration in wellbeing during lockdown, and on average participants self-reported being heavier during this period as well. Our qualitative data suggested that an abundance of resources supported higher fruit and vegetable consumption during lockdown, for instance, participants had more time, while access issues were one barrier to consumption. Conclusions: Our results are reassuring for those concerned that lockdowns may have adversely affect diets. They may point to the impact of commuting on diet, particularly for women, and intervening to reduce commuting times may be one way to improve population diets. Our study adds longitudinal evidence to a growing body of literature on the adverse effect of lockdown on mental health.

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Effect of Training “Boda-boda” Riders on Community-Based Referrals for Maternal Outcome: A Case of Busoga Region, Uganda

Gynecology & Reproductive Health ◽

10.33425/2639-9342.1143 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muluya Kharim Mwebaza ◽

Mugisha John Francis ◽

Kithuka Peter ◽

Kibaara Kenneth Rucha ◽

Muwanguzi David Gangu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Facility ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Health Centre ◽

Health Centers ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Community Based ◽

Key Stakeholders ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Many pregnant mothers miss antenatal care attendance and health facility deliveries despite several interventions either due to knowledge gap on the benefits or lack of transport means to reach the health centre. Therefore, training of “boda-boda” (motor-cycle) riders in Busoga Region in Uganda was conducted to determine its effect on health facility-based deliveries. The study was a non-randomized control trial with intervention and control groups from selected health centers and communities in Busoga Region. Interventions included the training of boda-boda riders for 5 days to give them knowledge; with a six months follow-up to determine the impact of training. Questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data. Descriptive statistical analysis was computed for the quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Findings revealed improved knowledge of boda-boda riders on maternal referrals from 49.1% to 79.0% in the intervention arm compared to 43.8% to 45.2% in the control arm. Use of boda-boda transport by mothers improved from 0% to 70.5% in the intervention arm compared to only 0% to 51.2% in the control arm. Also, of the 70.5% of the mothers who used boda-boda transport, 69.4% were transported by trained boda-boda riders and only 30.6% by un-trained boda-boda riders. Apart from age (p=0.000; CI=2.785 – 53.284) and ownership of the motorcycle (p=0.002; CI=0.992 – 8.658), the rest of the socio-demographic determinants of health facility-based deliveries were not statistically significant. Age of boda-boda riders (25–34 years, p=0.000) and ownership of the play a pivotal role in the improvement of health facility-based deliveries. Training of boda-boda riders and other key stakeholders impacted on the community based maternal referrals in the study area.

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Managing cognitive load in simulations: exploring the role of simulation technologists

Canadian Medical Education Journal ◽

10.36834/cmej.68093 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. e48-e56

Author(s):

Matt Sibbald ◽

Bingxian Wang ◽

Kyla Caners

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Load ◽

Cognitive Load Theory ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Complex Task ◽

Load Theory ◽

Qualitative Feedback ◽

Extraneous Load ◽

Load Simulation ◽

The Impact

Background: Facilitating simulation is a complex task with high cognitive load. Simulation technologists are often recruited to help run scenarios and lower some of the extraneous load. We used cognitive load theory to explore the impact of technologists on instructors, identifying sources of instructor cognitive load with and without technologists present. Methods: Data was collected from 56 simulation sessions for postgraduate emergency medicine residents. Instructors delivered 14 of the sessions without a technologist. After each session, the instructor and simulation technologist (if present) provided quantitative and qualitative data on the cognitive load of the simulation. Results: Instructors rated their cognitive load similarly regardless of whether simulation technologists were present. However, the composition of their cognitive load differed. Instructors experienced less cognitive load related to the simulator and technical resources when technologists were present. Qualitative feedback from instructors suggested real consequences to these differences in cognitive load in (1) perceived complexities in running the scenario, and (2) observations of learners. Conclusions: We provide evidence that simulation technologists can remove some of the extraneous load related to the simulator and technical resources for the instructor, allowing the instructor to focus more on observing the learner(s) and tailoring the scenario to their actions.

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OneCommunity Reads: A Model for Latino Parent-Community Engagement and Its Effect on Grade-Level Reading Proficiency

Education and Urban Society ◽

10.1177/0013124520928612 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 001312452092861

Author(s):

Kimberly Stauss ◽

Eun Koh ◽

Charlene Johnson-Carter ◽

Diana Gonzales-Worthen

Keyword(s):

Family Involvement ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Evaluation Research ◽

Reading Proficiency ◽

Culturally Sensitive ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Shared Responsibility ◽

Reading Improvement ◽

Community Based ◽

The Impact

The importance of establishing effective literacy/reading skills at an early age, preschool to early elementary, is well known and accepted among educators. For students whose heritage language is not English, the influential factors of cultural relevance and parent/family involvement for the acquisition of these fundamental skills are underscored. OneCommunity (OC) Reads is a literacy program focused on enhancing Latino children’s reading proficiency in a culturally sensitive manner utilizing the funds of knowledge of parents/families and community. Using a community-based, participatory evaluation/research paradigm, the impact of OC Reads was examined using both quantitative and qualitative data. Findings indicated parents/families were affected positively, resulting in increased empowerment and involvement in the schools and the community. Themes derived from the qualitative data included (a) broad empowerment, (b) increased mutual understanding and respect, (c) shared responsibility, and (d) academic and reading improvement. Strengths were noted in the areas of culturally sensitive and helpful processes, and additional activities and enhancements. OC Reads’ success in enhancing literacy/reading proficiency with its nontraditional approach of empowering parents and building on the cultural realities of the students gives further credence to the literature regarding the success of such approaches.

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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the wellbeing of parkrun participants in the United Kingdom

10.21203/rs.3.rs-690431/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Helen Quirk ◽

Steve Haake ◽

Elizabeth Goyder ◽

Alice Bullas ◽

Mike Graney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Physical Health ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Community Based ◽

Chi Square ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

Abstract IntroductionLockdown restrictions imposed across the UK in response to the COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on many people’s health and wellbeing. People were encouraged to be active, but population surveys suggest some groups found this easier than others. We explored the changes in health, wellbeing and physical activity levels among a sample in the UK who experienced the sudden loss of a weekly community-based physical activity opportunity, parkrun.MethodsA sample of UK parkrun participants responded to two surveys; pre-COVID-19 in January/February 2019 and during the COVID-19 pandemic in September 2020. Outcomes were happiness, life satisfaction, connections with others, physical health, mental health and physical activity. The sample was stratified by gender, age, deprivation status, physical activity and number of parkruns completed. Demographics were reported using descriptive statistics. Distributions between sub-groups were compared using Chi-square tests while differences in outcomes were determined using the Mann-Whitney U test. Open text responses were also analysed. FindingsHappiness, life satisfaction, connections with others, physical health and mental health of 450 parkrun participants were negatively impacted for all sub-groups, although the impact was not experienced equally. The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the mental wellbeing of a greater proportion of females, younger adults, inactive people, those from higher deprivation areas, and those who had completed fewer parkruns.ConclusionsThere is evidence that the wellbeing of those who were more active, and those more involved in a community-based physical activity initiative pre-pandemic, was less negatively affected during the COVID-19 lockdown.

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DAMPAK PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PADA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI TPA

Wawasan Kesehatan Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Kesehatan ◽

10.33485/jiik-wk.v5i2.138 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emilda Emilda

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Hand Hygiene ◽

Waste Management ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Water Storage ◽

Health Impact ◽

Clean Water ◽

The People ◽

Clean Environment ◽

The Impact

The limitations of waste management in the Cipayung Landfill (TPA) causing a buildup of garbage up to more than 30 meters. This condition has a health impact on people in Cipayung Village. This study aims to analyze the impact of waste management at Cipayung Landfill on public health in Cipayung Village, Depok City. The research is descriptive qualitative. Data obtained by purposive sampling. Data was collected by interviews, observation and documentation. Based on interviews with 30 respondents, it was found that the most common diseases were diarrhea, then other types of stomach ailments, subsequent itching on the skin and coughing. This is presumably because the environmental conditions in the form of unhealthy air and water and clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) have not become the habit of the people. The results indicated that there were no respondents who had implemented all of these criteria. In general respondents have implemented 3 criteria, namely maintaining hair hygiene, maintaining skin cleanliness, and maintaining hand hygiene. While maintaining clean water storage is the most often overlooked behavior. To minimize this health impact, improvements in waste management in Cipayung landfill are needed along with continuous socialization and education to develop PHBS habits and the importance of maintaining a clean environment.

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