scholarly journals Shift Work Predicts Increases in Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein, Interleukin-10, and Leukocyte Counts in a Cross-Sectional Study of Healthy Volunteers Carrying Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13158
Author(s):  
Aisha Q. Atwater ◽  
Lilly Cheng Immergluck ◽  
Alec J. Davidson ◽  
Oscar Castanon-Cervantes
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Work Exposure ◽  
Systemic Endotoxemia ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Binding

The disruption of inflammatory responses is a potential mechanism behind the harmful effects of shift work and is associated with increased risk of hypertension, stroke, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. These responses are linked to the proliferation of leukocytes in shift workers, suggesting a systemic signal as a potential mediator. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between systemic inflammation, leukocyte counts, and systemic endotoxemia in samples from a diverse cohort of day workers and shift workers. Participants (normothermic and normotensive) were healthy volunteers, non-smoking, and drug- and medication-free. The following outcomes were measured: C-reactive protein, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, leukocyte counts (monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils), and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP). Risk factors that increase systemic inflammation, such as blood pressure, sleep loss, and cortisol, were also assessed. The results indicated that shift workers slept significantly less than day workers and had significantly increased concentrations of all of the cytokines measured as well as plasma cortisol. Regression models found that after controlling for covariates, shift-work exposure predicted the significant increase observed in IL-10, leukocyte counts, and LBP. Our results suggest that acute increases in low-grade systemic endotoxemia are unresolved during chronic shift-work exposure. This ongoing immune challenge may underlie the disrupted inflammatory responses characteristic of shift-work-related pathologies. Systemic endotoxemia may represent a novel target to investigate the early effects of exposure to shift-work schedules.

Shift Work and Leukocyte Count Changes among Workers in Bangkok

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 689-700
Author(s):  
Nitt Hanprathet ◽  
Somrat Lertmaharit ◽  
Vitool Lohsoonthorn ◽  
Thanapoom Rattananupong ◽  
Palanee Ammaranond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Total Leukocyte Count ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Exposure ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Current Shift

Abstract Objectives Previous epidemiological evidence for the association of shift work exposure and increased leukocyte count is cross-sectional in nature, thus limiting cause-effect inference. We therefore used a longitudinal design to: (i) compare leukocyte counts at baseline between shift and day workers and (ii) examine the time trend of leukocyte counts over the follow-up period for these workers. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 6737 workers aged <60 years at two large organizations (a humanitarian organization and a university) in Bangkok, Thailand who had participated in at least two annual health check-ups during the period 2005–2016. Shift work exposure history was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire and categorized into day, former, and current shift workers. Data on leukocyte count were collected annually as part of worksite health screening during the observation period. Association of shift work exposure and increased leukocyte count was then examined cross-sectionally and longitudinally by using multiple linear regression and multilevel analysis of repeated measures data, respectively. In addition, trends for leukocyte count over the follow-up period and work years were examined using LOWESS smooth curves. Results Compared to day work, the current shift work was associated with increased leukocyte counts. The magnitude of percentage increase was the highest for basophil counts, followed by eosinophil and lymphocyte counts. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence revealed this association, although it was less pronounced longitudinally. For total leukocyte count, the magnitude of difference was constant across the 11-year follow-up period. However, for lymphocyte and basophil counts, these discrepancies tapered over the work years until they no longer differed (for lymphocyte count) or even differed in the opposite direction (for basophil count) in later work years. Conclusion This study confirmed previous cross-sectional evidence that shift work exposure-increased leukocyte counts and that this was reversible. Whether this increase in immune cell count also results in an increased immune cell activity and serves as the intermediary in the association between shift work exposure and subsequent chronic disease development needs further investigation.

scholarly journals Environmental Circadian Disruption Increases Stroke Severity and Dysregulates Immune Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-376
Author(s):  
Anne M. Ramsey ◽  
Adam Stowie ◽  
Oscar Castanon-Cervantes ◽  
Alec J. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Circadian Disruption ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
The Brain

Understanding the health consequences of chronic disruption of circadian rhythms can contribute to improving prevention strategies for shift workers. Chronic circadian disruption in shift work has been linked to a higher risk of stroke. Dysregulated immune responses are also linked to circadian disruption and may be a factor in stroke outcomes in shift workers. In this study, we test the hypotheses that specific schedules of circadian disruption exacerbate inflammatory responses in the brain, causing an increase in infarct size after experimentally induced ischemic stroke. Mice were exposed to 1 of 5 different lighting schedules followed by a 30-min middle cerebral artery occlusion, then reperfusion and 3-day recovery. A history of weekly phase advances resulted in an increased infarct volume versus the control lighting schedule. These effects were shift-direction specific, nonpermanent, and required multiple shifts to occur. In a separate cohort, stereotaxic injections of lipopolysaccharide were given bilaterally after exposure to 1 of 3 different lighting schedules. Ratios of pro- to anti-inflammatory cytokine expression show dysregulated responses after a history of phase advances. We conclude that chronic circadian disruption leads to worsened stroke outcome in a direction- and schedule-specific manner likely because of priming of the inflammatory response in the brain. These pieces of evidence suggest that the health impacts of shift work may be improved by targeting shift work scheduling, inflammatory mediators, or both.

Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP): structure, function and regulation in host defence against Gram-negative bacteria

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 785-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
And Function ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Binding

Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) are closely related endotoxin-binding proteins that function in a co-ordinated manner to facilitate an integrated host response to invading Gram-negative bacteria. Differences in the structure and function of BPI and LBP, as well as differences in their mobilization, permit highly sensitive pro-inflammatory responses to small numbers of bacteria at the onset of bacterial invasion and, later, efficient elimination of viable bacteria and their remnants and of endotoxin-driven inflammation.

scholarly journals Leukocyte count, systemic inflammation, and health status in older adults: a narrative review

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Chmielewski
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Leukocyte Counts ◽  
Normal Leukocyte

Abstract Epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that elevated leukocyte count within the normal range can predict cardiovascular and total mortality in older adults. These findings are remarkable because this simple and common laboratory test is included in routine medical check-ups. It is well known that chronic systemic inflammation (inflammaging) is one of the hallmarks of aging and an important component of obesity-associated insulin resistance that can lead to type 2 diabetes and other health problems in both overweight individuals and elderly people. To understand the molecular mechanisms linking increased systemic inflammation with aging-associated diseases and elevated leukocyte counts in the elderly is to unravel the multiplicity of molecular factors and mechanisms involved in chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, the gradual accumulation of random molecular damage, age-related diseases, and the process of leukopoiesis. There are several possible mechanisms through which chronic low-grade systemic inflammation is associated with both higher leukocyte count and a greater risk of aging-associated conditions in older adults. For example, the IL-6 centric model predicts that this biomediator is involved in chronic systemic inflammation and leukopoiesis, thereby suggesting that elevated leukocyte count is a signal of poor health in older adults. Alternatively, an increase in neutrophil and monocyte counts can be a direct cause of cardiovascular events in the elderly. Interestingly, some authors assert that the predictive ability of elevated leukocyte counts with regard to cardiovascular and allcause mortality among older adults surpass the predictive value of total cholesterol. This review reports the recent findings on the links between elevated but normal leukocyte counts and the increased risks of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. The possible molecular mechanisms linking higher but normal leukocyte counts with increased risk of aging-associated diseases in the elderly are discussed here.

scholarly journals Systemic inflammation and levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and soluble cd14 receptors in a comorbidity of seasonal allergic rhinitis, essential hypertension, and obesity

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Ю.В. Усаченко ◽  
В.А. Белоглазов ◽  
А.И. Гордиенко
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Binding

Проблема мультиморбидных заболеваний, изменяющих клинические фенотипы болезней, увеличивающих риск неблагоприятного, взаимоотягощающего течения, предъявляющего особые требования к дифференцированной медикаментозной терапии, является одной из актуальных проблем медицины. Цель: определить уровень липополисахарид-связывающего белка и sCD14 у пациентов с коморбидностью сезонного аллергического ринита, эссенциальной артериальной гипертензии и ожирения. Материалы и методы: всего обследовано 115 пациентов с сезонным аллергическим ринитом средней степени тяжести. Все пациенты были разделены на две клинические группы по наличию или отсутствию артериальной гипертензии. Деление на подгруппы проведено по индексу массы тела. Исследование проводилось в два этапа: за 3-5 месяцев до периода поллинации (1-й этап) и в период поллинации причинно-значимых аллергенов (2-й этап). Определяли уровень hs-C-реактивного белка, уровень липополисахарид-связывающего белка и sCD14. Результаты: У пациентов с коморбидностью сезонного аллергического ринита, эссенциальной артериальной гипертензии и ожирением уровень липополисахарид-связывающего белка и sCD14 в сыворотке крови были значительно выше в период поллинации причинно-значимых аллергенов, чем у пациентов групп сравнения и контрольной группы. Выводы: Установлена функциональная взаимосвязь между обострением сезонного аллергического ринита, системным воспалением и провоспалительным ответом ЛПС связывающих систем у пациентов с мультиморбидной патологией. Background. The issue of multimorbid diseases that change their clinical phenotype, increase the risk of an unfavorable, mutually aggravating course, which requires special differentiated drug therapy, is an actual challenge for medicine. Aim: to measure levels of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and sCD14 in patients with a comorbidity of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), essential hypertension, and obesity. Materials and methods: 115 patients with moderate SAR were evaluated. All patients were divided into two clinical groups based on the presence of arterial hypertension. Patients were subdivided into subgroups according to the body mass index. The study was performed in two stages, 3-5 months before the pollination period (stage 1) and during the pollination period (stage 2). Concentrations of hs-C-reactive protein, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, and sCD14 were measured. Results: In patients with the comorbidity of SAR, essential arterial hypertension, and obesity, serum concentrations of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and sCD14 were significantly higher during pollination of causal allergens than in patients of the comparison and control groups. Conclusions: The study established a functional relationship between SAR exacerbation, systemic inflammation, and the pro-inflammatory response of LPS-binding systems in patients with multimorbid pathology.

STUDY OF HS-CRP AND TNF-A LEVELS IN COPD PATIENTS ACCOMPANIED WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

2014 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Van Thi Tran ◽  
Van Bang Le ◽  
Thị Thu Huong Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Coronary Artery Angiography ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Artery Disease

Aim: Some studies have linked the present of chronic obstructive oulmonary disease (COPD) to coronary artery disease (CAD). Low grade systemic inflammation occurs in patients with COPD as well as patients with CAD. This study was designed to find out the concentration differences of hs-CRP and TNF-a in patients having both chronic obstructive pulmonary and coronary artery diseases with those having either. Methods: A cross - sectional descriptive study was conducted in 200 patients undergoing a coronary artery angiography in the Heart Institute, Thong Nhat Hospital and 115 People Hospital. COPD was diagnosed using GOLD classification. Result: Our study had shown that the levels of hs-CRP and TNF-a were statistically increased in patients with COPD, CAD as well as in patients who had COPD with CAD (p<0,05). The levels of hs-CRP were higher in CAD than in COPD nad the levels of TNF-a were higher in COPD than in CAD. In patients with COPD and CAD, there were increased the levels of both hs-CRP and TNF-a in serum. Conclusion: Systemic inflammation presents in both COPD and CAD. Key words: hs-CRP, TNF-a, coronary artery disease (CAD).

scholarly journals Higher Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein and Chemerin Concentrations Were Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Features in Pediatric Subjects with Abdominal Obesity during a Lifestyle Intervention

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Amelia Marti ◽  
Isabel Martínez ◽  
Ana Ojeda-Rodríguez ◽  
María Cristina Azcona-Sanjulian
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Binding

Background: Elevated circulating plasma levels of both lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and chemerin are reported in patients with obesity, but few studies are available on lifestyle intervention programs. We investigated the association of both LBP and chemerin plasma levels with metabolic syndrome (MetS) outcomes in a lifestyle intervention in children and adolescents with abdominal obesity Methods: Twenty-nine patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial were selected. The lifestyle intervention with a 2-month intensive phase and a subsequent 10-month follow-up consisted of a moderate calorie-restricted diet, recommendations to increase physical activity levels, and nutritional education. Results: Weight loss was accompanied by a significant reduction in MetS prevalence (−43%; p = 0.009). Chemerin (p = 0.029) and LBP (p = 0.033) plasma levels were significantly reduced at 2 months and 12 months, respectively. At the end of intervention, MetS components were associated with both LBP (p = 0.017) and chemerin (p < 0.001) plasma levels. Conclusions: We describe for the first time a reduction in both LBP and chemerin plasma levels and its association with MetS risk factors after a lifestyle intervention program in children and adolescents with abdominal obesity. Therefore, LBP and chemerin plasma levels could be used as biomarkers for the progression of cardiovascular risk in pediatric populations.

296 Sex differences in sleep and wakefulness of police officers working shifts: evidence from a field study

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A118-A118
Author(s):  
Gabriela Caetano ◽  
Laura Kervezee ◽  
Fernando Gonzales-Aste ◽  
Philippe Boudreau ◽  
Diane Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Time Awake

Abstract Introduction National reports of work-related injuries found the excess risk of work injury attributed to shift work to be significantly higher among women. The Working Time Society (WTS) concluded that male sex is one of the few factors that is “consistently associated with perceived or actual shift work tolerance”. However, it is unclear if physiological parameters are involved. Laboratory-controlled studies report sex differences in circadian rhythms (body temperature, melatonin). In sleep deprivation protocols, alertness and cognitive performances were affected by sex, menstrual cycle phase and hormonal contraceptives [HC] use. Nevertheless, field studies that compare male and female shift workers are scarce. Methods An observational study including 76 police officers working on patrol: 56 males and 20 females (11 using [HC], 6 not using [non-HC] and 3 with unknown use of hormonal contraception) aged 32.0 ± 5.3 years. Participants were followed throughout a month-long work cycle (1,457 morning, evening, night, or other shifts, plus rest days). They filled out time-stamped questionnaires (Samn-Perelli, KSS, Visual Analogue Scales, ~5/day; sleep and work-related information, ~1–2/day), completed 5-min Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks (PVT, ~2/day), and wore an actigraph to collect activity data. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the effects of group, time awake and time-of-day on fatigue, sleepiness, alertness, mood and PVT measures. Results Self-reported measures and psychomotor performance significantly varied with time awake and time-of-day. Fatigue and sleepiness levels were significantly higher among female compared to male police officers, both with time awake and across the 24-h day. These variations were similar between non-HC females and the other groups. Compared to males, HC females were more fatigued and less alert, both with time awake and across the 24-h day, and sleepier with time awake. Having children at home did not explain these differences. Conclusion The results of this study expand our knowledge on the sex differences in the sleep and circadian physiology and demonstrate a critical effect of HC on women fatigue, sleepiness and alertness when working shifts. Sex and hormonal parameters must be considered in occupational medicine as well as in future laboratory and field studies on shift workers and circadian rhythms. Support (if any) IRSST, FRQS.

scholarly journals Shift Work and Dry Eye Disease in the Korean Working Population: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5492
Author(s):  
Joonho Ahn ◽  
So-Jung Ryu ◽  
Jihun Song ◽  
Hyoung-Ryoul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Chi Square Test

This study aimed to evaluate the association between shift work and dry eye disease (DED) in the general population. The 2011 Korea Health Panel (KHP) was used. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess the relationship between shift work and DED. Stratification analysis was conducted by sex and age. Overall, the odds ratio (OR) of DED according to shift work did not showed significant results (adjusted OR = 1.230, 95% CI 0.758–1.901). When findings were stratified based on age older or younger than 40 years, the OR of DED increased to 2.85 (95% CI: 1.25–5.90) in shift workers under 40 years of age. Our results show an association between shift work and DED in a group of younger subjects.

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