scholarly journals Ectopic Expression of a Thellungiella salsuginea Aquaporin Gene, TsPIP1;1, Increased the Salt Tolerance of Rice

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Xiao-Jing Qiang ◽  
Xiao-Ri Han ◽  
Lin-Lin Jiang ◽  
Shu-Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Thellungiella Salsuginea ◽  
Transgenic Lines

Aquaporins play important regulatory roles in the transport of water and small molecules in plants. In this study, a Thellungiella salsuginea TsPIP1;1 aquaporin was transformed into Kitaake rice, and three transgenic lines were evaluated by profiling the changes of the physiological metabolism, osmotic potential, and differentially expressed genes under salt stress. The TsPIP1;1 protein contains six transmembrane domains and is localized in the cytoplasm membrane. Overexpression of the TsPIP1;1 gene not only increased the accumulation of prolines, soluble sugars and chlorophyll, but also lowered the osmotic potential and malondialdehyde content in rice under salt stress, and alleviated the amount of salt damage done to rice organs by regulating the distribution of Na/K ions, thereby promoting photosynthetic rates. Transcriptome sequencing confirmed that the differentially expressed genes that are up-regulated in rice positively respond to salt stimulus, the photosynthetic metabolic process, and the accumulation profiles of small molecules and Na/K ions. The co-expressed Rubisco and LHCA4 genes in rice were remarkably up-regulated under salt stress. This data suggests that overexpression of the TsPIP1;1 gene is involved in the regulation of water transport, the accumulation of Na/K ions, and the translocation of photosynthetic metabolites, thus conferring enhanced salt tolerance to rice.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Salt-Sensitive and Tolerant Genotypes Reveals Salt-Tolerance Metabolic Pathways in Sugar Beet

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 5910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui Geng ◽  
Chunhua Lv ◽  
Piergiorgio Stevanato ◽  
Renren Li ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Gene Markers

Soil salinization is a common environmental problem that seriously affects the yield and quality of crops. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), one of the main sugar crops in the world, shows a strong tolerance to salt stress. To decipher the molecular mechanism of sugar beet under salt stress, we conducted transcriptomic analyses of two contrasting sugar beet genotypes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparison of salt-response transcriptomes in sugar beet with contrasting genotypes. Compared to the salt-sensitive cultivar (S710), the salt-tolerant one (T710MU) showed better growth and exhibited a higher chlorophyll content, higher antioxidant enzyme activity, and increased levels of osmotic adjustment molecules. Based on a high-throughput experimental system, 1714 differentially expressed genes were identified in the leaves of the salt-sensitive genotype, and 2912 in the salt-tolerant one. Many of the differentially expressed genes were involved in stress and defense responses, metabolic processes, signal transduction, transport processes, and cell wall synthesis. Moreover, expression patterns of several genes differed between the two cultivars in response to salt stress, and several key pathways involved in determining the salt tolerance of sugar beet, were identified. Our results revealed the mechanism of salt tolerance in sugar beet and provided potential metabolic pathways and gene markers for growing salt-tolerant cultivars.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Salt Stress in Hibiscus hamabo Sieb. et Zucc Based on Pacbio Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Longjie Ni ◽  
Zhiquan Wang ◽  
Xiangdong Liu ◽  
Shuting Wu ◽  
Jianfeng Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Illumina Platform ◽  
Mangrove Plant

Hibiscus hamabo Sieb. et Zucc is an important semi-mangrove plant with great morphological features and strong salt resistance. In this study, by combining single molecule real time and next-generation sequencing technologies, we explored the transcriptomic changes in the roots of salt stressed H. hamabo. A total of 94,562 unigenes were obtained by clustering the same isoforms using the PacBio RSII platform, and 2269 differentially expressed genes were obtained under salt stress using the Illumina platform. There were 519 differentially expressed genes co-expressed at each treatment time point under salt stress, and these genes were found to be enriched in ion signal transduction and plant hormone signal transduction. We used Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. transformation to confirm the function of the HhWRKY79 gene and discovered that overexpression enhanced salt tolerance. The full-length transcripts generated in this study provide a full characterization of the transcriptome of H. hamabo and may be useful in mining new salt stress-related genes specific to this species, while facilitating the understanding of the salt tolerance mechanisms.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Genes Mediating Salt Tolerance through Calcineurin/CchA-Independent Signaling inAspergillus nidulans

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Wang ◽  
Hongchang Zhou ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Jiangyu Han ◽  
Shasha Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Induced Genes ◽  
Calcineurin Pathway

Adaptation to changes in the environment is crucial for the viability of all organisms. Although the importance of calcineurin in the stress response has been highlighted in filamentous fungi, little is known about the involvement of ion-responsive genes and pathways in conferring salt tolerance without calcium signaling. In this study, high-throughput RNA-seq was used to investigate salt stress-induced genes in the parent, ΔcnaB, and ΔcnaBΔcchAstrains ofAspergillus nidulans, which differ greatly in salt adaption. In total, 2,884 differentially expressed genes including 1,382 up- and 1,502 downregulated genes were identified. Secondary transporters, which were upregulated to a greater extent in ΔcnaBΔcchAthan in the parent or ΔcnaBstrains, are likely to play important roles in response to salt stress. Furthermore, 36 genes were exclusively upregulated in the ΔcnaBΔcchAunder salt stress. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed that genes involved in transport, heat shock protein binding, and cell division processes were exclusively activated in ΔcnaBΔcchA. Overall, our findings reveal that secondary transporters and stress-responsive genes may play crucial roles in salt tolerance to bypass the requirement for the CchA-calcineurin pathway, contributing to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that influence fungal salt stress adaption inAspergillus.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis of differentially expressed genes in leaves and roots of two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars with different salt tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendra Bhattarai ◽  
Yong-Bi Fu ◽  
Bruce Coulman ◽  
Karen Tanino ◽  
Chithra Karunakaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differential Expression Pattern ◽  
Root Tissues

Abstract Background Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) production decreases under salt stress. Identification of genes associated with salt tolerance in alfalfa is essential for the development of molecular markers used for breeding and genetic improvement. Result An RNA-Seq technique was applied to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with salt stress in two alfalfa cultivars: salt tolerant ‘Halo’ and salt intolerant ‘Vernal’. Leaf and root tissues were sampled for RNA extraction at 0 h, 3 h, and 27 h under 12 dS m− 1 salt stress maintained by NaCl. The sequencing generated a total of 381 million clean sequence reads and 84.8% were mapped on to the alfalfa reference genome. A total of 237 DEGs were identified in leaves and 295 DEGs in roots of the two alfalfa cultivars. In leaf tissue, the two cultivars had a similar number of DEGs at 3 h and 27 h of salt stress, with 31 and 49 DEGs for ‘Halo’, 34 and 50 for ‘Vernal’, respectively. In root tissue, ‘Halo’ maintained 55 and 56 DEGs at 3 h and 27 h, respectively, while the number of DEGs decreased from 42 to 10 for ‘Vernal’. This differential expression pattern highlights different genetic responses of the two cultivars to salt stress at different time points. Interestingly, 28 (leaf) and 31 (root) salt responsive candidate genes were highly expressed in ‘Halo’ compared to ‘Vernal’ under salt stress, of which 13 candidate genes were common for leaf and root tissues. About 60% of DEGs were assigned to known gene ontology (GO) categories. The genes were involved in transmembrane protein function, photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, defense against oxidative damage, cell wall modification and protection against lipid peroxidation. Ion binding was found to be a key molecular activity for salt tolerance in alfalfa under salt stress. Conclusion The identified DEGs are significant for understanding the genetic basis of salt tolerance in alfalfa. The generated genomic information is useful for molecular marker development for alfalfa genetic improvement for salt tolerance.

Ectopic expression of a LEA protein gene TsLEA1 from Thellungiella salsuginea confers salt-tolerance in yeast and Arabidopsis

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 4627-4633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyue Zhang ◽  
Yin Li ◽  
Jianbin Lai ◽  
Huawei Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Lea Protein ◽  
Thellungiella Salsuginea

scholarly journals De-novo transcriptome analysis unveils differentially expressed genes regulating drought and salt stress response in Panicum sumatrense

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmita Rani Das ◽  
Seema Pradhan ◽  
Ajay Parida
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Little Millet ◽  
Drought And Salt Stress

AbstractScreening the transcriptome of drought tolerant variety of little millet (Panicum sumatrense), a marginally cultivated, nutritionally rich, susbsistent crop, can identify genes responsible for its hardiness and enable identification of new sources of genetic variation which can be used for crop improvement. RNA-Seq generated ~ 230 million reads from control and treated tissues, which were assembled into 86,614 unigenes. In silico differential gene expression analysis created an overview of patterns of gene expression during exposure to drought and salt stress. Separate gene expression profiles for leaf and root tissue revealed the differences in regulatory mechanisms operating in these tissues during exposure to abiotic stress. Several transcription factors were identified and studied for differential expression. 61 differentially expressed genes were found to be common to both tissues under drought and salinity stress and were further validated using qRT-PCR. Transcriptome of P. sumatrense was also used to mine for genic SSR markers relevant to abiotic stress tolerance. This study is first report on a detailed analysis of molecular mechanisms of drought and salinity stress tolerance in a little millet variety. Resources generated in this study can be used as potential candidates for further characterization and to improve abiotic stress tolerance in food crops.

scholarly journals RNAseq Analysis Reveals Altered Expression of Key Ion Transporters Causing Differential Uptake of Selective Ions in Canola (Brassica napus L.) Grown under NaCl Stress

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mobina Ulfat ◽  
Habib-ur-Rehman Athar ◽  
Zaheerud-din Khan ◽  
Hazem M. Kalaji
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Salt Tolerant Cultivars

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses prevailing throughout the world that severely limits crop establishment and production. Every crop has an intra-specific genetic variation that enables it to cope with variable environmental conditions. Hence, this genetic variability is a good tool to exploit germplasms in salt-affected areas. Further, the selected cultivars can be effectively used by plant breeders and molecular biologists for the improvement of salinity tolerance. In the present study, it was planned to identify differential expression of genes associated with selective uptake of different ions under salt stress in selected salt-tolerant canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivar. For the purpose, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the growth response of different salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant canola cultivars. Plants were subjected to 200 mM NaCl stress. Canola cultivars—Faisal Canola, DGL, Dunkled, and CON-II—had higher growth than in cvs Cyclone, Ac-EXcel, Legend, and Oscar. Salt-tolerant cultivars were better able to maintain plant water status probably through osmotic adjustment as compared to salt-sensitive cultivars. Although salt stress increased shoot Na+ and shoot Cl− contents in all canola cultivars, salt-tolerant cultivars had a lower accumulation of these toxic nutrients. Similarly, salt stress reduced shoot K+ and Ca2+ contents in all canola cultivars, while salt-tolerant cultivars had a higher accumulation of K+ and Ca2+ in leaves, thereby having greater shoot K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios. Nutrient utilization efficiency decreased significantly in all canola cultivars due to the imposition of salt stress; however, it was greater in salt-tolerant cultivars—Faisal Canola, DGL, and Dunkled. Among four salt-tolerant canola cultivars, cv Dunkled was maximal in physiological attributes, and thus differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were assessed in it by RNA-seq analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques. The differentially expressed genes (DEG) in cv Dunkled under salt stress were found to be involved in the regulation of ionic concentration, photosynthesis, antioxidants, and hormonal metabolism. However, the most prominent upregulated DEGs included Na/K transporter, HKT1, potassium transporter, potassium channel, chloride channel, cation exchanger, Ca channel. The RNA-seq data were validated through qRT-PCR. It was thus concluded that genes related to the regulation of ionic concentrate are significantly upregulated and expressed under salt stress, in the cultivar Dunkled.

scholarly journals Silicon ameliorates the adverse effects of salt stress on sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia) seedlings

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 545-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Guo-Qiang ◽  
Liu Hai-Long ◽  
Feng Rui-Jun ◽  
Wang Chun-Mei ◽  
Du Yong-Yong
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Organic Solutes ◽  
Relative Membrane Permeability

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the application of silicon (Si) ameliorates the detrimental effects of salinity stress on sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia). Three-week-old seedlings were exposed to 0 and 100 mmol/L NaCl with or without 1 mmol/L Si for 7 days. The results showed that salinity stress significantly reduced plant growth, shoot chlorophyll content and root K<sup>+</sup> concentration, but increased shoot malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, relative membrane permeability (RMP) and Na<sup>+</sup> concentrations of shoot and root in sainfoin compared to the control (no added Si and NaCl). However, the addition of Si significantly enhanced growth, chlorophyll content of shoot, K<sup>+</sup> and soluble sugars accumulation in root, while it reduced shoot MDA concentration, RMP and Na<sup>+</sup> accumulation of shoot and root in plants under salt stress. It is clear that silicon ameliorates the adverse effects of salt stress on sainfoin by limiting Na<sup>+</sup> uptake and enhancing selectivity for K<sup>+</sup>, and by adjusting the levels of organic solutes. The present study provides physiological insights into understanding the roles of silicon in salt tolerance in sainfoin.

scholarly journals Effect of Transgenesis on mRNA and miRNA Profiles in Cucumber Fruits Expressing Thaumatin II

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Ewa Pawełkowicz ◽  
Agnieszka Skarzyńska ◽  
Małgorzata Sroka ◽  
Maria Szwacka ◽  
Tomasz Pniewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Transgenic Crop ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Gene Ontology Classification ◽  
Transgenic Lines

Transgenic plants are commonly used in breeding programs because of the various features that can be introduced. However, unintended effects caused by genetic transformation are still a topic of concern. This makes research on the nutritional safety of transgenic crop plants extremely interesting. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a crop that is grown worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize differentially expressed genes and regulatory miRNAs in transgenic cucumber fruits that contain the thaumatin II gene, which encodes the sweet-tasting protein thaumatin II, by NGS sequencing. We compared the fruit transcriptomes and miRNomes of three transgenic cucumber lines with wild-type cucumber. In total, we found 47 differentially expressed genes between control and all three transgenic lines. We performed the bioinformatic functional analysis and gene ontology classification. We also identified 12 differentially regulated miRNAs, from which three can influence the two targets (assigned as DEGs) in one of the studied transgenic lines (line 224). We found that the transformation of cucumber with thaumatin II and expression of the transgene had minimal impact on gene expression and epigenetic regulation by miRNA, in the cucumber fruits.

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